CN110542587A - categorised collection system of water micro-plastic - Google Patents
categorised collection system of water micro-plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN110542587A CN110542587A CN201910871384.7A CN201910871384A CN110542587A CN 110542587 A CN110542587 A CN 110542587A CN 201910871384 A CN201910871384 A CN 201910871384A CN 110542587 A CN110542587 A CN 110542587A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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Abstract
the invention provides a classified collection device for micro-plastics in a water body, and belongs to the technical field of micro-plastic collection. The water storage device comprises a barrel, a motor, a lower part of the barrel, a supporting rod, a conical upper part and a plurality of water storage mechanisms, wherein an installation cavity is arranged in the barrel, the motor is arranged in the installation cavity through a support, a lower cavity is arranged in the lower part of the barrel, the bottom of the lower part of the barrel is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a second square tube is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity, the lower end of the supporting rod is inserted in the second square tube, a first filter screen, a second filter screen and a third filter screen are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the supporting rod from top to bottom, an upper cavity is arranged in the conical upper part, the lower end of the conical upper part is detachably connected to the lower part of the barrel, and when the lower part of the barrel. The invention can quickly separate micro plastic particles in the water body and has simple structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-plastic collection, and relates to a water body micro-plastic classified collection device.
Background
Micro-plastics refer to plastic particles with small particle size and textile fibers. There is no general consensus in academia on the size of microplastics, and plastic particles with a particle size of less than 5mm are generally considered microplastics.
at present, the device and the method for collecting the micro-plastic in the water sample are not standardized, and a ship trawl is generally adopted for sampling, or a large amount of water samples are collected to a laboratory for filtration and then are analyzed. Due to the fact that ship trawl sampling is achieved, the volume of a water sample cannot be accurately calculated, the sample cannot be completely exported after sampling, and analysis is inconvenient. The existing fixed-point sampling mode enables the water to be filtered in a grading way through multiple layers of filter screens, and the filtering efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a classified collection device for water body micro-plastics, which can control the volume of a water sample and quickly separate micro-plastics with different particle sizes in a water body.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
A categorised collection system of water micro-plastic, includes: the device comprises a barrel, a mounting cavity is arranged in the barrel, and an upper opening and a lower opening are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the barrel;
The motor is arranged in the mounting cavity through the bracket;
The motor is arranged in the cylinder, a lower cavity is arranged in the lower part of the cylinder, the bottom of the lower part of the cylinder is in transmission connection with the motor, and a square tube is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity;
The cross section of the supporting rod is square, the lower end of the supporting rod is inserted into the square tube, a first filter screen, a second filter screen and a third filter screen are fixedly arranged on the supporting rod from top to bottom in sequence, and the filter pore diameters of the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are reduced in sequence;
The filter screen comprises a conical upper part, wherein an upper cavity is arranged in the conical upper part, the lower end of the conical upper part is detachably connected to the lower part of a cylinder, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are communicated up and down, the side edges of a first filter screen, a second filter screen and a third filter screen are all contacted with the side wall of the upper cavity, a first through hole communicated with the upper cavity is formed in the top of the conical upper part, a threaded seat is formed in the top of the conical upper part, the first through hole is located in the threaded seat, and a water inlet pipe is connected;
The water storage mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the lower portion of the cylinder along the circumferential direction, and when the lower portion of the cylinder rotates, centrifugal force is generated to enable water entering the upper cavity to sequentially pass through the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen and finally flow into the water storage mechanisms.
In above-mentioned water body micro-plastic classification collection device, water storage mechanism includes:
the water outlet hole penetrates through the side wall of the lower part of the cylinder;
the water storage cylinder is fixedly arranged on the water outlet hole, a buffer cavity is arranged in the water storage cylinder, the water outlet hole is communicated with the buffer cavity, and an exhaust hole is formed in the water storage cylinder;
The elastic telescopic sleeve is plugged on the water outlet hole, an opening of the elastic telescopic sleeve is communicated with the lower cavity, and the elastic telescopic sleeve can expand into the buffer cavity;
And the fixing structure enables the elastic telescopic sleeve to keep an expansion state when the elastic telescopic sleeve expands to one side of the buffer cavity away from the water outlet hole.
In foretell water micro-plastic classification collection device, the outside of barrel is equipped with the controller, fixed knot constructs including:
The guide plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the elastic telescopic sleeve, which is far away from the lower cavity, and the guide plate is arranged in the buffer cavity in a sliding manner;
the permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on one side of the guide plate, which is far away from the elastic telescopic sleeve;
The second electromagnet is fixedly arranged on one side of the buffer cavity, which is far away from the water outlet hole, is electrically connected with the controller, and when the elastic telescopic sleeve expands, at least one position is arranged, so that the permanent magnet is in contact with the second electromagnet.
In foretell water micro-plastic classification collection device, be equipped with the spout on the upper and lower lateral wall of cushion chamber relatively, the length direction of spout is unanimous with the length direction of a water storage section of thick bamboo, the upper and lower both sides of deflector all are equipped with the slider, two the slider and two spout one-to-one, the slider slides and sets up in corresponding spout.
in the device for classifying and collecting the micro-plastics in the water body, a pressure sensor is arranged at one end, close to the second electromagnet, of the sliding chute, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and when the sliding block slides to be in contact with the pressure sensor, the permanent magnet is in contact with the second electromagnet.
In foretell water body micro-plastic classification collection device, still include the closing mechanism, the closing mechanism includes:
The plurality of baffle blocks are uniformly arranged on the inner side edge of the upper opening along the circumferential direction, and the upper side surface of each baffle block is provided with a first electromagnet which is electrically connected with the controller;
the apron, the apron lid is established in last opening, the downside of apron contacts with the side of going up of first electro-magnet, the apron is made by the iron material, be equipped with the perforation on the apron, the upper end of inlet tube stretches out the top that the perforation extended to the apron.
In foretell water micro-plastic classification collection device, the outside of drum lower part is equipped with a plurality of drain pipe, the one end of drain pipe is linked together with the bottom of cavity of resorption, and the other end is linked together with the installation cavity, be equipped with the solenoid valve on the drain pipe, the solenoid valve is connected with the controller electricity.
In foretell water micro-plastic classification collection device, be connected with the outlet pipe on the under shed, the level rotates in the outlet pipe and is provided with the pivot, a plurality of commentaries on classics leaf plate has set firmly in the pivot, the generator has set firmly through the base on the outlet pipe, the one end of pivot is stretched out outlet pipe and tip and is connected with the input shaft transmission of generator, the outside of barrel is equipped with the battery, the generator is connected with the battery electricity.
in foretell water micro-plastic classification collection device, it has electric heating pipe to surround on the inside wall of installation cavity, be equipped with electric heating wire in the electric heating pipe, electric heating wire passes through the controller and is connected with the battery electricity.
In the device for classifying and collecting the micro-plastics in the water body, a plurality of stand columns are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body, a water receiving frame is arranged between the stand columns, and the water receiving frame is located under the water outlet pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. in the initial state, the conical upper part is hermetically connected with the lower part of the cylinder, the motor is started to drive the lower part of the cylinder and the conical upper part to rotate simultaneously, a certain amount of water sample is injected into the upper cavity through the water inlet pipe, the water sample moves to the side wall of the upper cavity under the action of centrifugal force, and the water sample sequentially passes through the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen due to the fact that the side wall of the upper cavity is conical and inclines downwards, and the filtering apertures of the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are sequentially reduced, so that micro plastic particles in the water sample are sequentially filtered on the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen from large to small, the water sample continuously flows; in addition, under the action of centrifugal force, the water sample finally flows into the water storage mechanism, the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are separated from the water surface, and micro plastic particles on the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are dried under the action of centrifugal force, so that direct weighing calculation is facilitated;
2. when a water sample reaches the lower cavity, the elastic telescopic sleeve is extruded to expand the elastic telescopic sleeve into the buffer cavity, the guide plate is pushed to move into the buffer cavity, when the permanent magnet on the guide plate on the elastic telescopic sleeve is contacted with the second electromagnet, the second electromagnet is started to suck the guide plate and the permanent magnet, so that the elastic telescopic sleeve is kept in an expanded state, the elastic telescopic sleeve is prevented from rebounding, the water sample in the elastic telescopic sleeve is extruded out, the water sample flows into the lower cavity again, the water level in the lower cavity is enabled to rise to the upper cavity and to be contacted with the third filter screen again, and the filtering effect is influenced;
3. When the permanent magnet and the guide plate are fixed by the second electromagnet, the water level in the lower cavity is lower than the height of the third filter screen, the electromagnetic valve is opened, water samples in the lower cavity and the elastic telescopic sleeve are discharged through the water discharge pipe under the action of centrifugal force, then the motor and the first electromagnet are sequentially closed, the cover plate is opened, the conical upper part and the cylinder lower part are separated, the support rod is upwards pulled out, the micro plastic particles on the first filter screen, the second filter screen and the third filter screen are sequentially taken out, and the micro plastic pollution condition in the water sample of unit volume is analyzed, so that the device is simple and practical;
4. Water sample in cavity of resorption and the flexible cover of elasticity passes through the drain pipe and discharges on the inside wall of first toper portion, then flows into the outlet pipe through opening down in, drives and changes blade plate and pivot and take place to rotate, makes the generator generate electricity, then stores in the battery, green.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at C;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at D;
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the connection between the water storage cylinder and the lower part of the cylinder;
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure when the permanent magnet is in contact with the second electromagnet.
in the figure, 1, a cylinder; 11. a first straight portion; 111. an upper opening; 112. an electric heating tube; 113. an electric heating wire; 12. a first tapered portion; 121. a lower opening; 13. a mounting cavity; 14. a column; 15. a cover plate; 151. a water inlet pipe; 152. a gripper; 153. perforating; 16. a stopper; 161. a first electromagnet; 17. a water outlet pipe; 18. a controller; 19. a storage battery; 2. a motor; 3. a tapered upper portion; 31. an upper chamber; 32. a first through hole; 33. a threaded seat; 34. an upper flange plate; 4. the lower part of the cylinder; 41. a water outlet hole; 411. an elastic telescopic sleeve; 412. a guide plate; 413. a permanent magnet; 414. a slider; 42. a lower flange plate; 43. a square tube; 44. a drain pipe; 441. an electromagnetic valve; 45. a lower cavity; 5. a support bar; 51. a first filter screen; 511. a first rubber ring; 52. a second filter screen; 521. a second rubber ring; 53. a third filter screen; 531. a third rubber ring; 6. a water storage cylinder; 61. a buffer chamber; 611. a chute; 612. a pressure sensor; 62. a second electromagnet; 63. an exhaust hole; 7. a generator; 71. a rotating shaft; 72. a blade rotating plate; 8. a water receiving frame.
Detailed Description
the following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a classified collection device for micro-plastics in water bodies comprises a cylinder body 1, a motor 2, a cylinder lower part 4, a support rod 5, a conical upper part 3 and a plurality of water storage mechanisms.
Be equipped with cylindric installation cavity 13 in the barrel 1, barrel 1 from the top down includes first straight portion 11 and first toper portion 12 in proper order, the upper end of first straight portion 11 is equipped with upper shed 111, the lower extreme of first toper portion 12 is equipped with lower shed 121.
Preferably, the first flat portion 11 and the first tapered portion 12 are both made of a transparent material.
The motor 2 is coaxially arranged in the mounting cavity 13 through a support, and the motor 2 is electrically connected with an external power supply.
a lower cavity 45 is arranged in the lower part 4 of the cylinder, a lower flange plate 42 is arranged at the upper end of the lower part 4 of the cylinder, the bottom of the lower part 4 of the cylinder is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 2, and a square pipe 43 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity 45.
the cross section of the support rod 5 is square, the lower end of the support rod 5 is inserted into the square pipe 43, the support rod 5 is fixedly provided with a first filter screen 51, a second filter screen 52 and a third filter screen 53 from top to bottom in sequence, and the filter pore diameters of the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 are reduced in sequence.
Be equipped with epicoele 31 in toper upper portion 3, the lower extreme of toper upper portion 3 is equipped with flange plate 34, go up flange plate 34 and lower flange plate 42 and link together through bolt and nut, go up flange plate 34 and the sealed setting of lower flange plate 42, it link up from top to bottom to go up epicoele 31 and lower chamber 45, the side of first filter screen 51, second filter screen 52 and third filter screen 53 all contacts with the lateral wall of epicoele 31, the top of toper upper portion 3 is equipped with the first through-hole 32 that communicates epicoele 31, the top of toper upper portion 3 is equipped with screw thread seat 33, first through-hole 32 is located screw thread seat 33, threaded connection has inlet tube 151 on screw thread seat 33.
The water storage mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the cylinder lower part 4 along the circumferential direction, and when the cylinder lower part 4 rotates, centrifugal force is generated to enable water entering the upper cavity 31 to sequentially pass through the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 and finally flow into the water storage mechanisms.
In an initial state, the conical upper part 3 and the cylindrical lower part 4 are hermetically connected through bolts and nuts, a certain amount of water sample is injected into the upper cavity 31 through the water inlet pipe 151, then the motor 2 is started to drive the cylindrical lower part 4 and the conical upper part 3 to simultaneously rotate, the water sample moves towards the side wall of the upper cavity 31 under the action of centrifugal force, the side wall of the upper cavity 31 is a conical surface, so that the water sample sequentially passes through the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53, and micro plastic particles in the water sample are sequentially filtered on the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 from large to small due to the sequentially reduced filter pore diameters of the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53, and the water sample continuously flows downwards into the water storage mechanism; in addition, under the effect of centrifugal force, the water sample finally flows into in the water storage mechanism, and first filter screen 51, second filter screen 52 and third filter screen 53 all break away from the surface of water, and under the effect of centrifugal force, the micro plastic granules on first filter screen 51, second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 are spin-dried, can directly weigh the calculation.
Specifically, the water storage mechanism includes apopore 41, a water storage section of thick bamboo 6, flexible cover 411 and fixed knot construct.
the outlet opening 41 is located outside the cylinder lower part 4.
The water storage cylinder 6 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the water outlet hole 41, a buffer cavity 61 is arranged in the water storage cylinder 6, the water outlet hole 41 is communicated with the buffer cavity 61, and an exhaust hole 63 is formed in the top of one side, away from the water outlet hole 41, of the water storage cylinder 6.
the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is plugged on the water outlet hole 41, the opening of the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is communicated with the lower cavity 45, and the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 can expand into the buffer cavity 61.
when the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 expands to the side of the buffer cavity 61 far away from the water outlet hole 41, the fixing structure can enable the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 to keep an expanded state.
When a water sample in the upper cavity 31 is acted by centrifugal force and flows to the lower cavity 45 along the side wall of the upper cavity 31, the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 on the water outlet hole 41 is extruded, the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is gradually expanded to one side of the buffer cavity 61 away from the water outlet hole 41, the water level in the upper cavity 31 is gradually reduced, when the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is expanded to the maximum, the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is fixed in the current state by the fixing structure, most of the water sample enters the elastic telescopic sleeve 411, the water level in the lower cavity 45 is lower than the height of the third filter screen 53, and micro plastics on the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 are separated from the water surface, so that the filtration is completed, and the; when the elastic extensible sleeve 411 expands into the cushion chamber 61, air in the cushion chamber 61 is discharged through the air discharge hole 63, and resistance to expansion of the elastic extensible sleeve 411 is reduced.
Specifically, the controller 18 is disposed outside the cylinder 1, and the fixing structure includes a guide plate 412, a permanent magnet 413, and a second electromagnet 62.
the guide plate 412 is fixedly arranged on one side of the elastic telescopic sleeve 411, which is far away from the lower cavity 45, and the guide plate 412 is arranged in the buffer cavity 61 in a sliding manner along the length direction of the buffer cavity 61.
The guide plate 412 can drive the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 to expand along the length direction of the buffer cavity 61, so that the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is prevented from being locally deformed, and the service life is prevented from being influenced.
The permanent magnet 413 is fixedly arranged on one side of the guide plate 412 far away from the elastic telescopic sleeve 411.
the second electromagnet 62 is fixedly arranged on one side of the buffer cavity 61 far away from the water outlet hole 41, the second electromagnet 62 is electrically connected with an external power supply through the controller 18, and when the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is expanded to the maximum, the permanent magnet 413 on the guide plate 412 is in contact with the second electromagnet 62.
when the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is expanded to the side of the buffer cavity 61 far away from the water outlet hole 41, the permanent magnet 413 on the guide plate 412 is in contact with the second electromagnet 62, the second electromagnet 62 is started at the moment, the magnetic pole of the second electromagnet 62 is opposite to the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 413, attraction is generated, the permanent magnet 413 and the guide plate 412 are fixed at the current position, the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is kept in an expanded state, more water samples can be stored in the elastic telescopic sleeve 411, and the situation that the water samples flow back to the lower cavity 45 due to retraction of the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 is avoided, so that the water level in the lower cavity 45 is increased to be in contact with the third filter screen 53, and the.
Specifically, the upper and lower side walls of the buffer cavity 61 are provided with sliding grooves 611, the length direction of the sliding grooves 611 is the same as the length direction of the water storage tank 6, the upper and lower sides of the guide plate 412 are provided with sliding blocks 414, the two sliding blocks 414 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two sliding grooves 611, and the sliding blocks 414 are slidably disposed in the corresponding sliding grooves 611.
The sliding groove 611 guides the sliding of the sliding block 414, and can also limit the sliding range of the sliding block 414, so that the guide plate 412 horizontally moves in the buffer cavity 61, thereby preventing the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 from being twisted and damaged.
Preferably, the motor 2 is electrically connected to a controller 18.
specifically, one end of the sliding groove 611 close to the second electromagnet 62 is provided with a pressure sensor 612, the pressure sensor 612 is electrically connected with the controller 18, and when the sliding block 414 slides to contact the pressure sensor 612, the permanent magnet 413 contacts the second electromagnet 62.
When the guide plate 412 moves to the side of the buffer cavity 61 far away from the water outlet hole 41, the sliding block 414 slides to one side of the second electromagnet 62 along the sliding groove 611, when the sliding block 414 contacts the pressure sensor 612, the pressure sensor 612 sends a signal to the controller 18, the controller 18 starts the second electromagnet 62, the magnetic pole generated by the second electromagnet 62 is opposite to the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 413, attraction force is generated, and the guide plate 412 and the permanent magnet 413 are fixed at the current position, so that automatic control is realized, and the operation is simple and reliable.
In particular, the collecting and sorting device further comprises a closing mechanism comprising a cover plate 15 and a plurality of stoppers 16.
The plurality of stoppers 16 are uniformly arranged on the inner side edge of the upper opening 111 along the circumferential direction, a first electromagnet 161 is arranged on the upper side surface of each stopper 16, and the first electromagnet 161 is electrically connected with an external power supply through a controller 18.
the apron 15 covers establishes in upper shed 111, the downside of apron 15 contacts with the side of going up of first electro-magnet 161, apron 15 is made by ferrous material, be equipped with perforation 153 on the apron 15, the upper end of inlet tube 151 stretches out perforation 153 and extends to the top of apron 15.
cover 15 lid and establish in upper shed 111, the upper end of inlet tube 151 passes perforation 153 and stretches out to cover 15 top, because the lower extreme threaded connection of inlet tube 151 is on screw thread seat 33, make inlet tube 151 and first through-hole 32 be linked together, then start first electro-magnet 161, make the magnetic pole of first electro-magnet 161 opposite with the magnetic pole of cover 15, produce the appeal, firmly fix cover plate 15, when motor 2 drove drum lower part 4 and toper upper portion 3 and rotates, screw thread seat 33 and inlet tube 151 followed and rotated, make toper upper portion 3 pivoted more steady.
Preferably, the cover plate 15 is provided with two hand grips 152 on the upper side thereof to facilitate the opening and closing of the cover plate 15 by an operator.
Preferably, the upper end of the water inlet pipe 151 is flared, so that water can be conveniently added into the water inlet pipe 151.
Specifically, a plurality of water discharge pipes 44 are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder lower part 4, one end of each water discharge pipe 44 is communicated with the bottom of the lower cavity 45, the other end of each water discharge pipe 44 is communicated with the installation cavity 13, a solenoid valve 441 is arranged on each water discharge pipe 44, and the solenoid valves 441 are electrically connected with the controller 18.
when the water samples in the lower cavity 45 and the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 need to be discharged, the electromagnetic valve 441 on the water discharge pipe 44 is opened, the second electromagnet 62 is closed, the motor 2 is started, and the lower cylinder part 4 is driven to rotate, so that the water samples in the lower cavity 45 and the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 are discharged onto the side wall of the first conical part 12 through the water discharge pipe 44 and then flow out through the lower opening 121, and the structure is simple.
specifically, be connected with outlet pipe 17 on the lower opening 121, horizontal rotation is provided with pivot 71 in the outlet pipe 17, a plurality of commentaries on classics leaf board 72 has set firmly on the pivot 71, generator 7 has set firmly through the base on the outlet pipe 17, the one end of pivot 71 stretches out outlet pipe 17 and the tip links firmly with the input shaft of generator 7, the outside of barrel 1 is equipped with battery 19, generator 7 is connected with battery 19 electricity through the rectifier.
the water discharged by the water discharge pipe 44 flows into the water outlet pipe 17 through the inner side wall of the first conical part 12, and drives the rotating vane plate 72 and the rotating shaft 71 in the water outlet pipe 17 to rotate, so that the generator 7 generates electricity, and the electric energy generated by the generator 7 is converted into direct current through the rectifier and stored in the storage battery 19, thereby saving energy and protecting environment.
Specifically, an electric heating pipe 112 is surrounded on the inner side wall of the mounting cavity 13, an electric heating wire 113 is arranged in the electric heating pipe 112, and the electric heating wire 113 is electrically connected with the storage battery 19 through the controller 18.
After the drainage is finished, the motor 2 is turned off, water samples in the lower cavity 45 and the elastic telescopic sleeve 411 are discharged, the electric heating wire 113 is turned on to heat the upper cavity 31, residual moisture on the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 is evaporated, and moisture attached to the surfaces of the micro plastic particles is removed, so that the micro plastic particles can be directly weighed, analyzed and calculated, and the device is simple and convenient.
Preferably, the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 are all bowl-shaped and increase in size in sequence, the edges around the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 are respectively provided with a first rubber ring 511, a second rubber ring 521 and a third rubber ring 531, and when the upper flange plate 34 contacts the lower flange plate 42, the first rubber ring 511, the second rubber ring 521 and the third rubber ring 531 all contact with the side wall of the upper cavity 31 and generate pressing force.
When the motor 2 drives the conical upper part 3 to rotate, the micro plastic in the water sample can move downwards along the inner side wall of the conical upper part 3, the micro plastic particles are filtered on the bowl-shaped side walls of the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53, and after the motor 2 is turned off to stop the conical upper part 3 from rotating, the micro plastic particles fall to a middle horizontal position, so that the micro plastic particles are convenient to collect; in addition, the first rubber ring 511, the second rubber ring 521 and the third rubber ring 531 are arranged, so that the water sample can only pass through the first filter screen 51, the second filter screen 52 and the third filter screen 53 in sequence, and the filtering effect is improved.
Specifically, a plurality of upright posts 14 are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the barrel 1 along the circumferential direction, a water receiving frame 8 is arranged between the upright posts 14, and the water receiving frame 8 is located right below the water outlet pipe 17.
When the filtered water sample falls into the water receiving frame 8 through the water outlet pipe 17, the water in the water receiving frame 8 is used for further detection and analysis, and the utilization rate of the water sample is improved.
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is for convenience in describing the patent and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered limiting of the patent.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a categorised collection system of water micro-plastic which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a cylinder body (1), wherein a mounting cavity (13) is arranged in the cylinder body (1), and the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body (1) are respectively provided with an upper opening (111) and a lower opening (121);
The motor (2), the said motor (2) is set up in the installation cavity (13) through the support;
The motor is characterized by comprising a cylinder lower part (4), wherein a lower cavity (45) is arranged in the cylinder lower part (4), the bottom of the cylinder lower part (4) is in transmission connection with the motor (2), and a square pipe (43) is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity (45);
the cross section of the supporting rod (5) is square, the lower end of the supporting rod (5) is inserted into the square pipe (43), the supporting rod (5) is fixedly provided with a first filter screen (51), a second filter screen (52) and a third filter screen (53) from top to bottom, and the filter apertures of the first filter screen (51), the second filter screen (52) and the third filter screen (53) are reduced in sequence;
The filter screen comprises a conical upper part (3), wherein an upper cavity (31) is arranged in the conical upper part (3), the lower end of the conical upper part (3) is detachably connected to a cylinder lower part (4), the upper cavity (31) and a lower cavity (45) are vertically communicated, the side edges of a first filter screen (51), a second filter screen (52) and a third filter screen (53) are all contacted with the side wall of the upper cavity (31), a first through hole (32) communicated with the upper cavity (31) is formed in the top of the conical upper part (3), a threaded seat (33) is arranged at the top of the conical upper part (3), the first through hole (32) is located in the threaded seat (33), and a water inlet pipe (151) is in threaded connection with the threaded seat (33);
the water storage mechanisms are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the lower portion (4) of the cylinder along the circumferential direction, and when the lower portion (4) of the cylinder rotates, centrifugal force is generated to enable water entering the upper cavity (31) to sequentially pass through the first filter screen (51), the second filter screen (52) and the third filter screen (53) and finally flow into the water storage mechanisms.
2. the water body micro-plastic classified collection device according to claim 1, wherein the water storage mechanism comprises:
The water outlet (41), the water outlet (41) penetrates through the side wall of the lower part (4) of the cylinder;
The water storage barrel (6) is fixedly arranged on the water outlet hole (41), a buffer cavity (61) is arranged in the water storage barrel (6), the water outlet hole (41) is communicated with the buffer cavity (61), and an exhaust hole (63) is formed in the water storage barrel (6);
the elastic telescopic sleeve (411) is plugged on the water outlet hole (41), an opening of the elastic telescopic sleeve (411) is communicated with the lower cavity (45), and the elastic telescopic sleeve (411) can expand into the buffer cavity (61);
And when the elastic telescopic sleeve (411) is expanded to one side of the buffer cavity (61) far away from the water outlet hole (41), the elastic telescopic sleeve (411) can be kept in an expanded state by the fixing structure.
3. The water body micro-plastic classification and collection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a controller (18) is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body (1), and the fixing structure comprises:
the guide plate (412) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the lower cavity (45), of the elastic telescopic sleeve (411), and the guide plate (412) is arranged in the buffer cavity (61) in a sliding mode;
the permanent magnet (413), the said permanent magnet (413) is fixed to the side far away from elastic flexible sleeve (411) of the deflector (412);
The second electromagnet (62) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the water outlet hole (41), of the buffer cavity (61), the second electromagnet (62) is electrically connected with the controller (18), and when the elastic telescopic sleeve (411) expands, at least one position is formed, so that the permanent magnet (413) is in contact with the second electromagnet (62).
4. The water body micro-plastic classification and collection device according to claim 3, wherein sliding grooves (611) are oppositely formed in the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the buffer cavity (61), the length direction of each sliding groove (611) is consistent with the length direction of the water storage cylinder (6), sliding blocks (414) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the guide plate (412), the two sliding blocks (414) are in one-to-one correspondence with the two sliding grooves (611), and the sliding blocks (414) are slidably arranged in the corresponding sliding grooves (611).
5. the water body micro-plastic classification and collection device is characterized in that one end of the sliding chute (611) close to the second electromagnet (62) is provided with a pressure sensor (612), the pressure sensor (612) is electrically connected with the controller (18), and when the sliding block (414) slides to contact with the pressure sensor (612), the permanent magnet (413) is in contact with the second electromagnet (62).
6. The water body micro-plastic classification and collection device as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a closure mechanism, the closure mechanism comprising:
the plurality of stop blocks (16) are uniformly arranged on the inner side edge of the upper opening (111) along the circumferential direction, a first electromagnet (161) is arranged on the upper side face of each stop block (16), and the first electromagnet (161) is electrically connected with the controller (18);
Apron (15), apron (15) are covered and are established in upper shed (111), the downside of apron (15) contacts with the side of going up of first electro-magnet (161), apron (15) are made by iron material, be equipped with on apron (15) perforation (153), the upper end of inlet tube (151) is stretched out perforation (153) and is extended to the top of apron (15).
7. The classified collection device for the micro-plastics in the water body according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of drainage pipes (44) are arranged on the outer side of the lower part (4) of the cylinder, one end of each drainage pipe (44) is communicated with the bottom of the lower cavity (45), the other end of each drainage pipe is communicated with the installation cavity (13), an electromagnetic valve (441) is arranged on each drainage pipe (44), and each electromagnetic valve (441) is electrically connected with the controller (18).
8. The water body micro-plastic classification and collection device according to claim 7, wherein the lower opening (121) is connected with a water outlet pipe (17), a rotating shaft (71) is horizontally arranged in the water outlet pipe (17) in a rotating manner, a plurality of rotating vane plates (72) are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (71), a generator (7) is fixedly arranged on the water outlet pipe (17) through a base, one end of the rotating shaft (71) extends out of the water outlet pipe (17) and is in transmission connection with an input shaft of the generator (7), a storage battery (19) is arranged on the outer side of the barrel (1), and the generator (7) is electrically connected with the storage battery (19).
9. The water body micro-plastic classification and collection device according to claim 8, wherein an electric heating pipe (112) is arranged on the inner side wall of the installation cavity (13) in a surrounding manner, an electric heating wire (113) is arranged in the electric heating pipe (112), and the electric heating wire (113) is electrically connected with a storage battery (19) through a controller (18).
10. The water body micro-plastic classification and collection device according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of upright posts (14) are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body (1), a water receiving frame (8) is arranged between the upright posts (14), and the water receiving frame (8) is positioned under the water outlet pipe (17).
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| CN201910871384.7A CN110542587B (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | Categorised collection system of water micro-plastic |
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| CN201910871384.7A CN110542587B (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | Categorised collection system of water micro-plastic |
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