CN110541166A - Laser cladding method for processing scraps - Google Patents
Laser cladding method for processing scraps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110541166A CN110541166A CN201910523890.7A CN201910523890A CN110541166A CN 110541166 A CN110541166 A CN 110541166A CN 201910523890 A CN201910523890 A CN 201910523890A CN 110541166 A CN110541166 A CN 110541166A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- laser cladding
- scraps
- meshes
- ball milling
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004801 process automation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a laser cladding method for recycling machining scraps, which aims to solve the problem that laser cladding powder is expensive. The method for recycling the turning chips saves the manufacturing cost of laser cladding powder, improves the utilization rate of resources, and is a green manufacturing mode with remarkable benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of surface engineering, and relates to a laser cladding method for recycling machining debris.
Background
The laser cladding technology is a new surface modification and processing technology, and is to melt alloy powder by using a laser beam as a heat source to form a metallurgical bonding surface coating on the surface of a matrix alloy. The research history originates from the 70 s in the 20 th century, the laser cladding technology has been developed into leading subjects in the fields of surface engineering, tribology, applied laser and the like in the 80 s, and related scientific research and application development have been rapidly developed after the 90 s. The laser cladding technology is an effective means of a material surface modification technology, and can obviously improve the properties of the metal material surface such as strength, hardness, wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. Compared with other surface treatment technologies, laser cladding has the advantages of small cladding heat affected zone, small workpiece deformation, easy process automation realization and the like. In recent years, the laser cladding technology has gained wide attention and research of most scholars at home and abroad due to the outstanding advantages of the laser cladding technology in material surface modification, and has been applied to various fields of aviation, automobiles, chemical engineering, machinery and the like. However, the expensive laser cladding material causes extremely high manufacturing cost, the higher manufacturing cost is one of the main reasons for limiting the wide application of the laser cladding material, and the reduction of the cladding cost is an important problem to be solved urgently in the manufacturing field.
Turning is an important link of machining, and lathe machining is the most basic and common machining means, accounts for about 50% of the total number of machine tools, and plays an important role in production. However, in its performance, it also generates a large amount of turning scrap, the disposal of which is of great importance both for energy and for the environment. At present, China advocates the construction of an environment-friendly society, and how to utilize the waste materials to change the waste materials into valuable materials is an increasingly urgent problem. If the waste materials are converted into secondary raw materials, the material consumption can be saved, the cost is reduced, and the complicated process after recycling can be omitted. In some countries where raw materials are lacking and industries are developed, it is even regarded as a strategic policy for national economic development.
If the turning crushed aggregates can be processed to prepare the laser cladding powder, the manufacturing cost of the cladding layer can be greatly reduced, and the laser cladding powder is arranged and implemented, so that the laser cladding powder not only accords with the principles of increasing production and saving income and saving expenses, but also has important and profound significance for finishing established economic policies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to convert turning waste into laser cladding raw materials, save material consumption, reduce laser cladding manufacturing cost and realize green manufacturing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented by the following technical scheme:
The method comprises the following steps: and recovering chips generated by turning 30CrMnSi, and cleaning and removing oil stains and impurities on the surfaces of the chips by using alcohol.
Step two: drying the cleaned turning scraps, mechanically processing the turning scraps by using a high-energy ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of balls to materials is (10-15):1, the ball milling time is 8-10h, mechanically processing the turning scraps until an oxide layer on the surface of the turning scraps disappears, and then cleaning the scraps again by using alcohol. The traditional descaling method by acid washing has the disadvantages of complex process, long flow, high cost, large energy consumption, serious pollution, poor labor condition and the like, and the descaling method by ball milling in the step can overcome the problems by replacing the descaling method by acid washing.
Step three: drying the cleaned turning chips, and mechanically processing the turning chips by using a high-energy ball mill again, wherein the mass ratio of balls to materials is (10-15):1, and the ball milling time is 30-40h until the chips are mechanically stirred into powder.
Step four: drying the powder formed after crushing the crumbs, wherein the treatment temperature is 200 ℃, the time is 2h, and separating two types of powder by using a sieve, wherein one type of powder with the size range of 100-300 meshes (48-150 mu m) and the other type of powder with the size range of not 100-300 meshes (48-150 mu m) and storing the two types of powder materials separately.
Step five: the first class of powder with the size of 100-300 meshes is used for preparing a laser cladding layer by using a synchronous powder feeding mode, the laser power is 1500-2000W, the scanning speed is 8-12mm/s, the diameter of a light spot is 3-4mm, and the gun head does not deflect. And preparing a laser cladding layer by using a powder preset mode for the second powder with the size smaller than 100 meshes or larger than 300 meshes, wherein the laser power is 1200-1800W, the scanning speed is 8-12mm/s, the spot diameter is 3-4mm, and the gun head does not deflect.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention recovers the turning scraps, obtains cladding powder by ball milling, peeling and crushing, and is a new process method.
(2) The 30CrMnSi material is widely applied in multiple fields, a large amount of machining is performed, a large amount of machining waste is generated, the recovered waste is converted into secondary raw materials, the manufacturing cost of cladding powder can be saved, and the economic effect is obvious.
(3) The invention reduces the remelting of the waste, has the advantages of minimal influence on the environment, highest resource utilization rate and the like, and is a green manufacturing mode comprehensively considering the environment influence and the resource benefit.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the examples or the prior art will be briefly introduced
FIG. 1 is a recovered turning chip;
FIG. 2 shows the chips after ball milling to remove the oxide layer;
FIG. 3 shows a powdery material after ball milling.
Fig. 4 is SEM morphology after descaling.
FIG. 5 shows the SEM morphology after ball milling.
Detailed Description
The following examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without limitation to the examples described below. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1.
(1) And recovering chips generated by turning 30CrMnSi, and cleaning and removing oil stains and impurities on the surfaces of the chips by using alcohol. The machining chips are shown in FIG. 1
(2) And (3) drying the fragments, mechanically processing the fragments by using a high-energy ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of balls to materials is 10:1, the processing time is 8h, removing an oxide layer on the surfaces of the fragments, and then cleaning the fragments by using alcohol to remove surface attachments. The descaled debris is shown in fig. 2, and fig. 4 is an SEM image of the descaled debris.
(3) Removing oxide skin fragments, drying, and mechanically processing by using a ball mill again, wherein the ball-material ratio is 10:1, and the ball milling time is 35 hours until the fragments are mechanically stirred into powder. The powder after mashing is shown in figure 3.
(4) Drying the powder formed after crushing the crumbs, wherein the treatment temperature is 200 ℃, the time is 2h, a sieve is used for distinguishing two types of powder, one type of powder with the size range of 100-300 meshes (48-150 mu m) is shown in figure 5, and the other type of powder with the size range of not 100-300 meshes (48-150 mu m) is separately stored.
(5) The first-class powder with the size of 100-300 meshes is used for preparing a laser cladding layer in a synchronous powder feeding mode, the laser cladding power is 1600W, the scanning speed is 8mm/s, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, and the gun head does not deflect. And preparing a laser cladding layer from the second powder with the size smaller than 100 meshes or larger than 300 meshes by using a powder preset mode, wherein the laser cladding power is 1200W, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, the spot diameter is 3mm, and the gun head does not deflect.
example 2.
(1) Chips from 30CrMnSi turning were recovered and pre-treated as in example 1. The machining chips are shown in FIG. 1
(2) And (3) drying the fragments, mechanically processing the fragments by using a high-energy ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of balls to materials is 14:1, the processing time is 10 hours, removing an oxide layer on the surfaces of the fragments, and then cleaning the fragments by using alcohol to remove surface attachments.
(3) Removing oxide skin fragments, drying, and mechanically processing by using a ball mill again, wherein the ball-to-material ratio is 14:1, and the ball milling time is 40 hours until the fragments are mechanically stirred into powder.
(4) the treatment was carried out by the method of example 1, wherein the powder obtained by pulverizing the crumbs was dried at 200 ℃ for 2 hours, and a sieve was used to separate two types of powders, one type of powder having a size in the range of 100-.
(5) the method of example 1 was used to perform laser cladding, and a first type of powder with the size of 100-300 mesh was used to prepare a laser cladding layer in a synchronous powder feeding manner, with a laser cladding power of 1600W, a scanning speed of 8mm/s, a spot diameter of 3mm, and no deflection of the lance head. And preparing a laser cladding layer from the second powder with the size smaller than 100 meshes or larger than 300 meshes by using a powder preset mode, wherein the light cladding power is 1200W, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, and the gun head does not deflect.
Example 3.
(1) Chips from 30CrMnSi turning were recovered and pre-treated as in example 1. The machining chips are shown in FIG. 1
(2) And (3) drying the fragments, mechanically processing the fragments by using a high-energy ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of balls to materials is 14:1, the processing time is 10 hours, removing an oxide layer on the surfaces of the fragments, and then cleaning the fragments by using alcohol to remove surface attachments.
(3) Removing oxide skin fragments, drying, and mechanically processing by using a ball mill again, wherein the ball-to-material ratio is 14:1, and the ball milling time is 40 hours until the fragments are mechanically stirred into powder.
(4) The treatment was carried out by the method of example 1, wherein the powder obtained by pulverizing the crumbs was dried at 200 ℃ for 2 hours, and a sieve was used to separate two types of powders, one type of powder having a size in the range of 100-.
(5) The first-class powder with the size of 100-300 meshes is used for preparing a laser cladding layer in a synchronous powder feeding mode, the laser cladding power is 2000W, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, and the gun head does not deflect. And preparing a laser cladding layer from the second powder with the size smaller than 100 meshes or larger than 300 meshes by using a powder preset mode, wherein the light cladding power is 1600W, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, and the gun head does not deflect.
Claims (7)
1. A laser cladding method for recycling machining scraps is basically characterized by comprising the following steps of recycling the turning machining scraps, cleaning oil stains and impurities on the surfaces of the turning machining scraps by using alcohol, drying the cleaned turning scraps, performing mechanical treatment by using a high-energy ball mill until an oxide film on the surfaces of the scraps is removed, and then performing cleaning treatment.
2. And (3) continuing the high-energy ball milling treatment of the cleaned oxide film-free scraps until the scraps are mechanically stirred into powder, and then obtaining powder with the required cladding size by using a sieve, and storing the powder separately from the powder with other sizes.
3. And respectively carrying out synchronous powder feeding and powder presetting on the surface of the matrix on the powder with different sizes to prepare the laser cladding coating.
4. The laser cladding method of recycling process debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of ball materials in the ball milling treatment is (10-15) to 1.
5. The laser cladding method of recycling process debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ball milling treatment time in the surface oxide film removing step is 8-10h, and the ball milling treatment time in the crumb crushing step is 30-40 h.
6. The laser cladding method of recycling process debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the size range of the cladding powder obtained by using the sieve is 100-300 meshes (48-150 mu m), and the other sizes are powder with the size range of 100-300 meshes (48-150 mu m).
7. The laser cladding method of recycling process debris according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that: the powder with the size range of 100-300 meshes (48-150 mu m) is used for preparing the cladding layer by adopting a synchronous powder feeding mode, and the powder with the size out of the range is used for preparing the cladding layer by adopting a preset mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910523890.7A CN110541166A (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | Laser cladding method for processing scraps |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910523890.7A CN110541166A (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | Laser cladding method for processing scraps |
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| CN110541166A true CN110541166A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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| CN201910523890.7A Pending CN110541166A (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | Laser cladding method for processing scraps |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111531178A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 燕山大学 | Method for recycling laser cladding layer processing scraps |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109536943A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-29 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of laser cladding coating powder and preparation method |
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2019
- 2019-06-18 CN CN201910523890.7A patent/CN110541166A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109536943A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-29 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of laser cladding coating powder and preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| BLAKE FULLENWIDER ET AL: "《Two-stage ball milling of recycled machining chips to create an alternative feedstock powder for metal additive manufacturing》", 《POWDER TECHNOLOGY》, vol. 342, pages 4 - 12 * |
| 毛卫清 等主编: "《液压支架修理工》", 华中科技大学出版社, pages: 273 - 295 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111531178A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 燕山大学 | Method for recycling laser cladding layer processing scraps |
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Application publication date: 20191206 |