CN110541087A - Free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110541087A CN110541087A CN201910808798.5A CN201910808798A CN110541087A CN 110541087 A CN110541087 A CN 110541087A CN 201910808798 A CN201910808798 A CN 201910808798A CN 110541087 A CN110541087 A CN 110541087A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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Abstract
the invention discloses free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass and a preparation method thereof, and the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-65% of copper; 0.3 to 1 percent of Si; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of bismuth; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of tin; 0.05 to 0.3 percent of phosphorus; and (3) zinc. The zinc equivalent in the material is improved by silicon, so that the material tissue is promoted to be converted to beta phase at high temperature, and the high-temperature plasticity and the hot forming performance of the material are improved. The alloy has improved machinability by forming a hard brittle phase with silicon and phosphorus and a free cutting phase such as soft particles with bismuth. By controlling the contents of copper, silicon and tin, a matrix structure consisting of an alpha phase and a small amount of beta phases is formed, the double-vacancy diffusion corrosion is hindered, and the dezincification corrosion resistance of the composite material is improved. The free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass has good machinability, dezincification corrosion resistance and thermal forming performance on the premise of reducing the raw material cost and meeting the environment-friendly requirement, and is an ideal environment-friendly copper material for bathrooms.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of copper pipe production.
[ background of the invention ]
Brass has an aesthetic appearance and excellent properties, and is used in a large number of fields. The addition of a small amount of lead (about 1-4.5%) into brass significantly improves the cutting performance of the material, thereby bringing convenience for processing daily necessities and mechanical parts with complex shapes. With the continuous attention of people to the health and the further enhancement of environmental awareness, the harm of harmful elements such as lead, nickel, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium and the like in daily necessities in life to human bodies is more and more emphasized by people, and the attention of many developed countries is attracted. The relevant laws and regulations are established or are being established to control the content of some harmful elements in industrial products, and equipment for supplying drinking water or cooking water to residents, including water pipes, valves, water taps and other products, must meet new lead-free standards.
In the early nineties, Japanese patent office published patent application No. 56-127741 for C69300 environment-friendly brass for bathroom, and the alloy components are Cu: 73-77%, Si: 2.7-3.4%, P: 0.05 to 0.15 percent, and the balance of Zn. However, the copper content of the alloy is very high, so that the cost of the alloy is high, and the market application field of the alloy is seriously influenced. The American designation C46400 is also a bathroom environmental protection material, and the alloy components are Cu: 59-62%, Sn: 0.5 to 1.0 percent and the balance of Zn, but the processing is difficult, particularly when machining, the knife is sharpen and damaged seriously, and the dezincification corrosion resistance is poorer, thus the market popularization is also influenced. CN101824561A discloses a lead-free corrosion-resistant silicon-phosphorus brass, whose alloy components are Cu: 58-62%, Si: 2-4%, P: 2.5-3%, Pb: 0.04-0.06%, Ni: 0.1 to 0.3 percent, and the balance of Zn and inevitable impurities, which has better cutting performance, but has poorer hot forming performance, and is easy to crack during hot forging or red punching.
Therefore, the brass material with good cutting performance, hot forging performance, dezincification corrosion resistance and cost advantage is developed, is widely applied to the fields of water pipes, valves, water taps, power connectors, electric appliance parts, screws, nuts, kitchen and bathroom appliances and the like, achieves the safety and environmental protection standard, and has important significance.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass with better performance and more environment friendliness and the preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-65% of copper; 0.3 to 1 percent of Si; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of bismuth; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of tin; 0.05 to 0.3 percent of phosphorus; and (3) zinc.
The invention also comprises impurities, and the impurities account for less than 0.2% of the free-cutting environment-friendly brass mass fraction.
A preparation method of free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following steps of mixing and smelting electrolytic copper, copper-silicon intermediate alloy, electrolytic zinc, copper-phosphorus intermediate alloy, copper-boron intermediate alloy, bismuth ingot and tin ingot, casting the mixture into copper alloy ingot, carrying out hot extrusion on the copper alloy ingot, and then carrying out stretching, annealing, straightening and polishing to form a finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass.
the weight percentage of silicon in the copper-silicon intermediate alloy is 15-30%, and the weight percentage of phosphorus in the copper-phosphorus intermediate alloy is 14.2%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the zinc equivalent in the material is improved by silicon, so that the material tissue is promoted to be converted to beta phase at high temperature, and the high-temperature plasticity and the hot forming performance of the material are improved. The alloy has improved machinability by forming a hard brittle phase with silicon and phosphorus and a free cutting phase such as soft particles with bismuth. By controlling the contents of copper, silicon and tin, a matrix structure consisting of an alpha phase and a small amount of beta phases is formed, the double-vacancy diffusion corrosion is hindered, and the dezincification corrosion resistance of the composite material is improved. The free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass has good machinability, dezincification corrosion resistance and thermal forming performance on the premise of reducing the raw material cost and meeting the environment-friendly requirement, and is an ideal environment-friendly copper material for bathrooms.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, the appearances of the indicating orientation or positional relationship such as the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only for convenience in describing the embodiments and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
The embodiment provides a preparation method of free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass.
Melting silicon and copper at the mass ratio of 1:3 at 1200-1300 ℃, casting the melted silicon and copper into a cast ingot of a copper-silicon intermediate alloy, and crushing the cast ingot of the copper-silicon intermediate alloy into blocks for later use.
Mixing and smelting electrolytic copper, copper-silicon intermediate alloy, electrolytic zinc, copper-phosphorus intermediate alloy, copper-boron intermediate alloy, bismuth ingot and tin ingot, wherein the smelting temperature is 1050-1080 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5-30 minutes after all metals are molten, then casting into copper alloy ingot, casting at 1030-1050 ℃, carrying out hot extrusion on the copper alloy ingot at the temperature of 550-700 ℃, then carrying out stretching, annealing at the temperature of 550-550 ℃, straightening and polishing to form the finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass.
The finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of copper; 0.3 percent of Si; 0.2 percent of bismuth; 0.05 percent of phosphorus; 0.1% of tin; impurities, less than 0.2%; the balance being zinc.
When the copper content is lower than 60%, the dezincification resistance of the material is poor, and the maximum dezincification corrosion resistance depth is more than 200 mu m. When the copper content is higher than 65%, the finished product is of an all-alpha phase structure, the material has poor hot forming and cutting performances, and the manufacturing cost is increased.
Silicon improves the zinc equivalent of the material, promotes the structure of the material to be converted to beta phase at high temperature, ensures that the material has good high-temperature plasticity, improves the hot forming performance, and simultaneously can form gamma hard brittle phase in the structure after proper heat treatment when the material contains silicon, thereby improving the cutting performance of the material.
The phosphorus can perform the functions of deoxidation and melt fluidity improvement. The P and Cu form eutectic compounds which segregate at phase boundaries, and such brittle, low hardness copper phosphorus compounds improve the machinability of the material during machining. Meanwhile, P can reduce the surface tension of the copper melt and promote the spheroidization distribution of bismuth.
The bismuth has similar action with lead, and can make the chip fine, process the surface smoothness and improve the alloy cutting performance.
Tin has a dewetting effect on the Bi element. Bi has a large wetting angle on the grain boundary of the brass alloy, so that a film distribution state is easy to appear, and the processing performance of the alloy is seriously influenced.
The distribution of Sn in the grain boundary can reduce the wetting angle of Bi, improve the distribution state of Bi, promote the spheroidization of Bi particles, and simultaneously improve the dezincification corrosion resistance of the material.
Example 2:
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of copper; 0.5 percent of Si; 0.5 percent of bismuth; 0.15 percent of phosphorus; 0.3 percent of tin; impurities, less than 0.2%; the balance being zinc.
Example 3:
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: copper, 63%; 0.3 percent of Si; 0.8 percent of bismuth; 0.15 percent of phosphorus; 0.5 percent of tin; impurities, less than 0.2%; the balance being zinc.
Example 4:
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: copper, 63%; si, 1%; 0.5 percent of bismuth; 0.05 percent of phosphorus; 0.3 percent of tin; impurities, less than 0.2%; the balance being zinc.
Example 5:
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: copper, 65%; 0.5 percent of Si; 0.8 percent of bismuth; 0.05 percent of phosphorus; 0.5 percent of tin; impurities, less than 0.2%; the balance being zinc.
Example 6:
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: copper, 65%; si, 1%; 0.4 percent of bismuth; 0.15 percent of phosphorus; 0.1% of tin; impurities, less than 0.2%; the balance being zinc.
For comparison, the specific composition of the final product of examples 1-6 is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Cu | Si | Bi | P | Sn | Others | Zn | |
| example 1 | 60 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.1 | <0.2 | Balance of |
| Example 2 | 60 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.3 | <0.2 | Balance of |
| Example 3 | 63 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.15 | 0.5 | <0.2 | balance of |
| Example 4 | 63 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.05 | 0.3 | <0.2 | Balance of |
| Example 5 | 65 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.05 | 0.5 | <0.2 | Balance of |
| Example 6 | 65 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.1 | <0.2 | balance of |
Dezincification corrosion resistance is mainly adopted in AS2345-2006 (Australian standard) in the market at present, and the maximum dezincification corrosion resistance depth is required to be less than 300 mu m. The dezincification corrosion resistance test is carried out according to GB/T10119-.
TABLE 2
| Example number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Dezincing resistance/mu m | 150 | 250 | 200 | 120 | 80 | 150 |
it can be seen that the requirements of less than 300 μm are satisfied in each of examples 1 to 6.
The cutting performance of the finished products of examples 1 to 6 was determined by the cutting force dynamometer method (GB/T26306-. The comparative sample is C36000, the cutting output is 1mm, the feed speed is 0.26mm/r, the rotating speed is 620r/min, and the machinability is 100 percent of the machinability of C36000. The relative cutting rate ω is shown in table 3.
ω＝(Fz0/Fz1)Х100％
fz 0-C36000 Main cutting force
Fz 1-main cutting force of alloy to be tested
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the finished materials made in examples 1-6 already had cutting properties similar to C69300, showing good machinability.
When the hot forgeability of the material is poor, the hot worked product is liable to suffer from insufficient filling, cracking, chipping, and the like. The hot forming characteristics were tested by a closed single point press J31-125 with a nominal slider pressure of 1250KN and a sample heating temperature of 670 + -20 deg.C. The hot forging test was performed on the samples of examples 1 to 6, 1000 valve body parts were prepared for each specification, and the corresponding yield was counted, and the specific results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Combining dezincification corrosion resistance, machinability and hot formability, the samples prepared in examples 1-6 have comprehensive performance equivalent to that of C69300 on the premise of reducing cost, and can become ideal materials for environment-friendly products for bathrooms.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and may be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. An easy-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of:
60-65% of copper; 0.3 to 1 percent of Si; 0.2 to 0.8 percent of bismuth; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of tin; 0.05 to 0.3 percent of phosphorus; and (3) zinc.
2. The free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the free-cutting environment-friendly brass further comprises impurities, and the impurities account for less than 0.2% of the free-cutting environment-friendly brass in mass fraction.
3. A preparation method of free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of mixing and smelting electrolytic copper, copper-silicon intermediate alloy, electrolytic zinc, copper-phosphorus intermediate alloy, copper-boron intermediate alloy, bismuth ingot and tin ingot, casting the mixture into copper alloy ingot, carrying out hot extrusion on the copper alloy ingot, and then carrying out stretching, annealing, straightening and polishing to form the finished product of the free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass.
4. The method for preparing free-cutting drinking water system environment-friendly brass as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the weight percentage of silicon in the copper-silicon intermediate alloy is 15-30%, and the weight percentage of phosphorus in the copper-phosphorus intermediate alloy is 14.2%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113337752A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 | Bismuth brass with excellent stress corrosion resistance and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1521281A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-18 | ͬ�Ϳ�ҵ��ʽ���� | Copper-based alloy excellent in dezincing resistance |
| CN101701304A (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2010-05-05 | 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 | Low-cost corrosion-resistant lead-free easy-cutting brass and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1521281A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-18 | ͬ�Ϳ�ҵ��ʽ���� | Copper-based alloy excellent in dezincing resistance |
| CN101701304A (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2010-05-05 | 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 | Low-cost corrosion-resistant lead-free easy-cutting brass and manufacturing method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113337752A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 | Bismuth brass with excellent stress corrosion resistance and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20191206 |