CN110541086A - high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110541086A CN110541086A CN201910971260.6A CN201910971260A CN110541086A CN 110541086 A CN110541086 A CN 110541086A CN 201910971260 A CN201910971260 A CN 201910971260A CN 110541086 A CN110541086 A CN 110541086A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-strength high-conductivity high-wear-resistance copper alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-strength high-conductivity high-wear-resistance copper alloy comprises the following components: cr: 0.7-1.5 wt%, the sum of Zr and Hf: 0.2 to 0.6 wt%, and the balance being Cu. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy, which comprises the following steps: after hot rolling and cogging, carrying out solid solution treatment, and after removing a surface oxide layer, sequentially carrying out: the method comprises the following steps of primary rolling, primary aging treatment, secondary rolling and secondary aging treatment. The preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy can effectively avoid the mutual interference between the second-phase hard particles and alloy elements, and the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy prepared by the method has excellent wear resistance and mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal material technology, in particular to a high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Copper and copper alloy have better mechanical property and good conductivity, so the copper and copper alloy can be widely applied to the fields of electronics, electricity, construction, transportation, communication, national defense and military industry and the like.
the problems of high strength and high conductivity are solved and cannot be simultaneously considered, and the conductivity of the material is damaged to a certain extent by a common method for improving the mechanical property of the material. Therefore, the relationship between the balance strength and the electrical conductivity becomes one of the key problems in the field of copper processing. In addition, the wear resistance of the copper alloy directly influences the service life of the copper alloy, and the improvement of the wear resistance of the copper alloy is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the copper alloy and reducing the resource loss. Generally, the addition of a high hardness second phase to copper is one of the effective means for improving the wear resistance of the material, and the most common hard second phase particles are borides such as TiB2, ZrB2, HfB2, and the like. However, these borides inevitably interact with alloying elements in the copper alloy, causing severe segregation of the borides, which affects the wear resistance of the material. In addition, the addition of too much boride can also seriously impair the electrical conductivity. Achieving high strength, high conductivity, and high wear resistance simultaneously presents certain difficulties and challenges.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy aiming at the problem that the conventional copper alloy cannot realize high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance at the same time, and the copper alloy can effectively avoid the mutual interference between second-phase hard particles and alloy elements and has excellent wear resistance and mechanical property.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a high strength, high conductivity, and high wear resistance copper alloy, the alloy comprising: cr: 0.7-1.5 wt%, the sum of Zr and Hf: 0.2 to 0.6 wt%, and the balance being Cu.
further, the alloy comprises: cr: 0.8-1.2 wt%, the sum of Zr and Hf: 0.3 to 0.5 wt%, and the balance being Cu.
Further, the mass ratio of Zr to Hf is 1-1.5.
further, in the alloy, Cr element is a nano precipitated phase Cr and submicron Cr particles.
Furthermore, in the alloy, 50-70 wt% of Cr element exists in the form of a nano precipitated phase Cr with a face-centered cubic structure, and 30-50 wt% of Cr element exists in the form of submicron Cr particles with a body-centered cubic structure.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy, which comprises the following steps:
Smelting raw materials according to a ratio, carrying out solution treatment after hot rolling and cogging, carrying out water-cooling quenching at the solution temperature of 960-985 ℃ and the heat preservation time of 0.5-1 hour;
After removing the surface oxide layer, carrying out first rolling, wherein the rolling deformation is 45-75%, the reduction of each pass is 10%, and the rolling temperature is-196-30 ℃;
Carrying out primary aging treatment at the aging temperature of 400-450 ℃ for 120-150 min;
The second rolling, wherein the rolling deformation is 15-45%, the reduction of each pass is not more than 10%, the rolling temperature is-196-30 ℃, and the total deformation of the first rolling and the second rolling is 80-95%;
And (3) carrying out secondary aging treatment, wherein the aging temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the aging time is 150-360 min.
Further, in the first rolling, the rolling deformation is 50-65%, the reduction of each pass is 10%, and the rolling temperature is-150-25 ℃.
Further, the first aging treatment is carried out at the aging temperature of 400-425 ℃ for 120-130 min.
Furthermore, in the second rolling, the rolling deformation is 25-40%, the reduction of each pass is not more than 10%, the rolling temperature is-196-30 ℃, and the total deformation of the first rolling and the second rolling is 85-92%.
Further, the second aging treatment is carried out, wherein the aging temperature is 425-475 ℃, and the aging time is 280-360 min.
according to the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy and the preparation method thereof, the wear resistance of the copper alloy is improved through the hard Cr particles, the mechanical property of the copper alloy is improved through the nanometer precipitated phase Cr, and the design can effectively avoid the mutual interference between the second phase hard particles and alloy elements. Specifically, the present invention has the following advantages compared to the prior art:
1) According to the invention, through component design and process optimization, a part of the Cu-Cr-Zr-Hf alloy is subjected to aging treatment to form a nano precipitated phase Cr, the rest Cr element exists in the form of submicron Cr particles, the strength of the copper alloy is improved through the nano precipitated phase Cr, and the frictional wear performance of the copper alloy is improved through the submicron Cr particles. Under the combined action of factors such as nano precipitated phase Cr and submicron Cr particles, a Cu-Cr-Zr-Hf alloy plate with high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance is prepared by two-time rolling and aging processes.
2) According to the preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy, the prepared Cu-Cr-Zr-Hf alloy has high strength (705 MPa of tensile strength), high conductivity (79% IACS) and high wear resistance. The requirements for high strength and high conductivity in practical application are met, and the service life of the part can be effectively prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an engineering stress-strain curve of a high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the macro wear scar morphology of copper alloys, wherein (a) is a comparison sample Cu-0.4% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy and (b) is the high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy of example 1;
FIG. 3 is an engineering stress-strain curve of the high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy of example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy, which comprises the following components of 1% of Cr, 0.2% of Zr and 0.2% of Hf by weight, and the balance of Cu, wherein Cu is referred to as Cu-1% of Cr-0.2% of Zr-0.2% of Hf for short.
The preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy comprises the following steps:
Mixing the components according to the weight ratio, carrying out solid solution treatment after hot rolling cogging, wherein the solid solution temperature is 972 ℃, the heat preservation time is 45min, and then carrying out water cooling quenching;
after the defects such as a surface oxidation layer and the like are removed, the first rolling is carried out, the rolling deformation is 60 percent, the rolling temperature is reduced by 10 percent in each pass, and the rolling temperature is 25 ℃ (namely room temperature rolling).
The first time of aging treatment, the aging temperature is selected to be 400 ℃, and the aging time is selected to be 120 min.
and (3) performing secondary rolling, wherein the rolling deformation is 30%, the rolling deformation is reduced by 10% in each pass, the rolling temperature is 25 ℃, and the total deformation of the primary rolling and the secondary rolling is 90%.
And (4) carrying out secondary aging treatment at the aging temperature of 450 ℃ for 300 min.
FIG. 1 is an engineering stress-strain curve of a high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy of example 1; specifically, FIG. 1 is an engineering stress-strain curve of a Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy prepared by two room temperature (rolling temperature 25 ℃) rolling and aging treatments according to this example. As shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1, a Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy with a yield strength of 613MPa, a tensile strength of 648MPa and an electrical conductivity of 80.05% IACS was finally prepared by this example. The tensile strength of the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is about 600MPa, and the comprehensive performance of the sample prepared by the embodiment is higher than that of the common Cu-Cr-Zr alloy. For comparison of wear resistance, the Cu-0.4% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy outside the composition range of this example was selected as the comparative sample.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the macro wear scar morphology of the copper alloy, wherein (a) is the Cu-0.4% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy of the comparative sample, and (b) is the high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy of example 1. Specifically, FIG. 2 is a graph showing a comparison of macroscopic wear scar shapes of a Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy and a Cu-0.4% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy treated by the same process after two times of room temperature (rolling temperature 25 ℃) rolling and aging treatment in the friction and wear test conditions of a load of 45N, a sliding speed of 120mm/s and a sliding distance of 216m in embodiment 1. Wherein (a) is a Cu-0.4% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy (comparative sample), and (b) is the sample prepared in example 1. As is apparent from FIG. 2, the wear scar diameter of the Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy prepared in this example is significantly smaller than that of the comparative sample Cu-0.4% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy, which indicates that the wear resistance of the product of this example is also greatly improved. The volume abrasion loss of the Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy of this example was 0.05mm3, while that of the comparative sample was 0.14mm3, indicating that this example is effective in improving the wear resistance of the copper alloy. In summary, by this example, a novel alloy having high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance was prepared.
TABLE 1 Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy properties prepared by two room temperature (rolling temperature 25 ℃) rolling and aging treatments
| Composition (I) | Yield strength (MPa) | tensile strength (MPa) | Electrical conductivity (% IACS) |
| Cu0.4Cr0.2Zr0.2Hf | 613±2 | 648±4 | 80.05±0.23 |
example 2
The embodiment discloses a high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy which comprises the following components of Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf by weight.
The preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy comprises the following steps:
carrying out hot rolling cogging, carrying out solid solution treatment at the solid solution temperature of 972 ℃ for 45min, and then carrying out water cooling quenching;
After the defects such as a surface oxidation layer and the like are removed, the first rolling is carried out, the rolling deformation is 60 percent, the rolling deformation is reduced by 10 percent in each pass, and the rolling temperature is-150 ℃ (namely low-temperature rolling).
The first time of aging treatment, the aging temperature is selected to be 400 ℃, and the aging time is selected to be 120 min.
and (3) performing secondary rolling, wherein the rolling deformation is 30%, the rolling deformation is reduced by 10% in each pass, the rolling temperature is-150 ℃ (namely low-temperature rolling), and the total deformation of the primary rolling and the secondary rolling is 90%.
And (4) carrying out secondary aging treatment at the aging temperature of 450 ℃ for 300 min.
FIG. 3 is an engineering stress-strain curve of the high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy of example 2. Specifically, the engineering stress-strain curve of the Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy prepared by two times of low temperature (rolling temperature-150 ℃) rolling and aging treatment in example 2. As shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2, by this example, a Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy having a yield strength of 655MPa, a tensile strength of 705MPa and an electric conductivity of 79.00% IACS was finally prepared. The comprehensive performance of the sample prepared by the embodiment is obviously higher than that of the common Cu-Cr-Zr alloy. For comparison of wear resistance, the Cu-0.4% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy outside the composition range of this example was selected as the comparative sample. The volume abrasion loss of the Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy of this example was 0.06mm3, while that of the comparative sample was 0.13mm3, which indicates that this example is effective in improving the wear resistance of the copper alloy. In summary, by this example, a novel alloy having high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance was prepared.
TABLE 2 Cu-1% Cr-0.2% Zr-0.2% Hf alloy properties prepared by two low temperature (rolling temperature-196 ℃) rolling and aging treatments
| composition (I) | Yield strength (MPa) | tensile strength (MPa) | Electrical conductivity (% IACS) |
| Cu0.4Cr0.2Zr0.2Hf | 655±6 | 705±4 | 79.00±0.15 |
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy, comprising: cr: 0.7-1.5 wt%, the sum of Zr and Hf: 0.2 to 0.6 wt%, and the balance being Cu.
2. a high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance copper alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein said alloy comprises: cr: 0.8-1.2 wt%, the sum of Zr and Hf: 0.3 to 0.5 wt%, and the balance being Cu.
3. The copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the Cr element is selected from the group consisting of Cr in the form of a nano-precipitates and Cr particles in the form of submicron particles.
4. The copper alloy of claim 3, wherein 50-70 wt% of Cr is present in the form of Cr in the form of nano precipitated phase of face-centered cubic structure, and 30-50 wt% of Cr is present in the form of submicron Cr particles of body-centered cubic structure.
5. A method for preparing the copper alloy with high strength, high conductivity and high wear resistance as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Smelting raw materials according to a ratio, carrying out solution treatment after hot rolling and cogging, carrying out water-cooling quenching at the solution temperature of 960-985 ℃ and the heat preservation time of 0.5-1 hour;
After removing the surface oxide layer, carrying out first rolling, wherein the rolling deformation is 45-75%, the reduction of each pass is 10%, and the rolling temperature is-196-30 ℃;
Carrying out primary aging treatment at the aging temperature of 400-450 ℃ for 120-150 min;
the second rolling, wherein the rolling deformation is 15-45%, the reduction of each pass is not more than 10%, the rolling temperature is-196-30 ℃, and the total deformation of the first rolling and the second rolling is 80-95%;
And (3) carrying out secondary aging treatment, wherein the aging temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the aging time is 150-360 min.
6. The method for preparing the copper alloy with high strength, conductivity and wear resistance according to claim 5, wherein the rolling deformation of the first rolling is 50-65%, the reduction of each pass is 10%, and the rolling temperature is-150-25 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy according to claim 5, wherein the first aging treatment is carried out at an aging temperature of 400-425 ℃ for 120-130 min.
8. The method for preparing the copper alloy with high strength, conductivity and wear resistance according to claim 5, wherein the rolling deformation of the second rolling is 25-40%, the reduction of each pass is not more than 10%, the rolling temperature is-196-30 ℃, and the total deformation of the first rolling and the second rolling is 85-92%.
9. The preparation method of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy according to claim 5, wherein the secondary aging treatment is carried out at an aging temperature of 425-475 ℃ for 280-360 min.
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| CN201910971260.6A CN110541086B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | High-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| US16/721,551 US20210108289A1 (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-19 | Copper alloy with high strength, high electrical conductivity, and high wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201910971260.6A CN110541086B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | High-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112301251A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-02 | 中铜华中铜业有限公司 | Aging strengthening type Cu-Cr-Zr alloy plate/strip and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114959350A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 西安理工大学 | High-performance Cu-Hf-RE alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN117162607A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-12-05 | 泰州市常泰电子有限公司 | High-strength high-conductivity rare earth alloy and preparation process thereof |
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2019
- 2019-10-14 CN CN201910971260.6A patent/CN110541086B/en active Active
- 2019-12-19 US US16/721,551 patent/US20210108289A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| CN112301251A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-02 | 中铜华中铜业有限公司 | Aging strengthening type Cu-Cr-Zr alloy plate/strip and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110541086B (en) | 2022-03-11 |
| US20210108289A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
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