CN110535794B - Pilot transmission method, channel estimation method, device and storage medium - Google Patents
Pilot transmission method, channel estimation method, device and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110535794B CN110535794B CN201811643597.6A CN201811643597A CN110535794B CN 110535794 B CN110535794 B CN 110535794B CN 201811643597 A CN201811643597 A CN 201811643597A CN 110535794 B CN110535794 B CN 110535794B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, and discloses a pilot frequency transmission method, a channel estimation method, equipment and a storage medium, which can reduce the collision probability of pilot frequency, improve the accuracy of channel estimation and improve the system performance. The method comprises the following steps: selecting S groups of pilot frequency sets from M groups of pilot frequency sets, and selecting N pilot frequency sequences from each group of the S groups of pilot frequency sets, wherein M is a positive integer larger than 2, S is a positive integer smaller than M, and N is a positive integer; and inserting the selected S times N pilot frequency sequences into a sending data stream according to a set format, and sending the sending data stream to receiving end equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a pilot transmission method, a channel estimation method, a device, and a storage medium.
Background
Channel parameter estimation is a key technique for implementing wireless communication systems. Whether the detailed channel information can be obtained through channel parameter estimation or not is an important index for measuring the performance of a wireless communication system, so that the transmitting signal can be correctly demodulated at a receiving end.
Currently, for an uplink physical shared channel (PUSCH), a channel estimation method based on pilot symbols is generally adopted. That is, the transmitting end inserts pilot symbols into the transmitting data stream according to a certain format, and the receiving end extracts the pilot symbols subjected to channel fading and interference from the receiving data stream according to a known format, thereby estimating the channel state at the pilot position, and obtaining the estimation of the whole channel through interpolation filtering.
The inventor discovers that in the process of researching the prior art: for a sending end, a pilot frequency of a user is generated by circularly shifting a base sequence, after the length of the pilot frequency is determined, a receiving end carries out channel estimation and user separation by utilizing the characteristic of the pilot frequency, and in order to ensure the accuracy of the channel estimation, the length of the pilot frequency circularly shifting is required to be larger than the maximum multipath time delay of a channel, so that after the length of the pilot frequency is determined and the channel time delay is basically determined, the size of a pilot frequency pool which can be generated by circularly shifting of one base sequence is basically determined, namely, the maximum number of users which can be supported is also determined. If the number of users or terminals increases, pilot collision will occur, and after the size of the pilot pool is determined, if the users randomly select pilots, the collision probability between users will also increase, thereby reducing the accuracy of channel estimation and affecting the system performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a pilot transmission method, a channel estimation method, a device, and a storage medium, which can reduce the pilot collision probability in a multi-user or terminal scenario, improve the accuracy of channel estimation, and improve the system performance.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pilot transmission method, including: selecting S groups of pilot frequency sets from M groups of pilot frequency sets, and selecting N pilot frequency sequences from each group of the S groups of pilot frequency sets, wherein M is a positive integer larger than 2, S is a positive integer smaller than M, and N is a positive integer; and the selected S times N pilot frequency sequences are inserted into a sending data stream according to a set format and sent to receiving end equipment.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a channel estimation method, which comprises the following steps: receiving a data stream sent by sending end equipment, wherein the data stream comprises S times N pilot frequency sequences inserted according to a set format, the S times N pilot frequency sequences are selected from S groups of pilot frequency sets in M groups of pilot frequency sets, and N pilot frequency sequences are selected from each group of pilot frequency sets; and extracting the S times N pilot frequency sequences from the data stream according to the preset format, and performing channel estimation according to the extracted S times N pilot frequency sequences and the data stream.
An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-described pilot transmission method.
An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-described channel estimation method.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the pilot transmission method or implements the channel estimation method.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention divides a large number of pilot sequences into a plurality of groups of pilot sets, selects a few groups of pilot sets from the plurality of groups of pilot sets, and then selects the pilot sequences from the selected pilot sets, thereby reducing the probability that two users or terminals select the completely same pilot, and further reducing the collision probability.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a pilot transmission method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a channel estimation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a detailed procedure of channel estimation according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
In order to avoid the problem that different sending end devices randomly select the pilot frequency in a synchronous non-orthogonal multiple access system and collision is easy to happen, the pilot frequency sequences are grouped, a few groups of pilot frequencies are selected from multiple groups of pilot frequencies each time, and the pilot frequency sequences are selected from the few groups of pilot frequencies, so that the probability that users select the identical pilot frequencies is reduced, and the collision probability is reduced.
A first embodiment of the present invention provides a pilot transmission method, which is applied to a sending end device, as shown in fig. 1, and the specific implementation process of the method is as follows:
step 101: selecting S groups of pilot frequency sets from M groups of pilot frequency sets, and selecting N pilot frequency sequences from each group of the S groups of pilot frequency sets, wherein M is a positive integer larger than 2, S is a positive integer smaller than M, and N is a positive integer.
Specifically, the pilot sequences in a set of pilot sets are obtained by performing cyclic shift based on the same cyclic orthogonal sequence. The cyclic orthogonal sequences corresponding to different sets of pilot frequency sets are the same, or the cyclic orthogonal sequences corresponding to different sets of pilot frequency sequences are different.
Wherein the minimum interval of the cyclic shift is greater than the maximum multipath delay of the multipath channel.
For example, the minimum interval for performing cyclic shift on the same cyclic orthogonal sequence is L, and the value of L is not less than the maximum channel multipath delay, so that the receiving end device can distinguish different pilots in the same set of pilot sets.
Wherein the cyclic orthogonal sequence may be a Zadoff-Chu sequence. For the definition of Zadoff-Chu sequence, see the description in 3GPP TS36.211, which is not detailed here.
In an application, a typical value for S may be set to 3. The value of N may be set to an odd number.
Step 102: and inserting the selected S times N pilot frequency sequences into a sending data stream according to a preset format, and sending the sending data stream to receiving end equipment.
The preset format adopted by the pilot sequence inserted into the data stream only needs to be agreed with the sending end device and the receiving end device, and the format adopted is not limited here.
For example, assume that there are K transmitting end devices, each of which selects S sets of pilot sets from M sets of pilot sets and selects N pilot sequences from each of the S sets of pilot sets corresponding to the transmitting end device. Assuming that K is equal to 10 and m is equal to 5, and each group of pilot sets includes 72 pilot sequences, the 10 transmitting end devices each select 2 groups from the 5 groups of pilot sets, and respectively select 3 different pilot sequences from each group to be inserted into the data stream transmitted by the transmitting end device.
In the embodiment of the invention, a large number of pilot sequences are divided into a plurality of groups of pilot sets, a few groups of pilot sets are selected from the plurality of groups of pilot sets, and then the pilot sequences are selected from the selected pilot sets, so that the probability of selecting the completely same pilot by two users or terminals is reduced, and the collision probability is further reduced.
A second embodiment of the present invention provides a channel estimation method, which is applied to a receiving end device, as shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation process of the method is as follows:
step 201: receiving a data stream sent by a sending terminal device, wherein the data stream comprises S times N pilot frequency sequences inserted according to a preset format, the S times N pilot frequency sequences are selected from S groups of pilot frequency sets in M groups of pilot frequency sets, and N pilot frequency sequences are selected from each group of pilot frequency sets.
For example, assuming that data streams sent by K sending end devices are received, each sending end device selects S sets of pilot frequency sets from M sets of pilot frequency sets, and selects N pilot frequency sequences from each set in the S sets of pilot frequency sets corresponding to the sending end device, because each sending end device randomly selects pilot frequencies, a situation that different sending end devices select the same pilot frequency sequence may occur. If different sending end devices select the same pilot sequence, it is called pilot collision.
In this embodiment, a channel estimation process is described as an example of performing channel estimation on one transmitting end device, where the transmitting end device may be any one of K transmitting end devices. The procedure described in this embodiment is the same as the procedure for performing channel estimation on other sending end devices in the K sending end devices.
Step 202: the S times N pilot sequences are extracted from the data stream according to a preset format, and channel estimation is performed according to the extracted S times N pilot sequences and the data stream.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the specific process of channel estimation mainly includes the following steps:
step 301: extracting S times N pilot frequency sequences from the data stream according to a preset format;
step 302: performing channel estimation according to the extracted S times N pilot frequency sequences, the assumed pilot frequency sequences and the data stream, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on a channel estimation result;
step 303: judging whether the CRC passes, if not, executing step 304; if so, go to step 305;
step 304: after updating the hypothesized pilot sequence, re-executing step 302, wherein the hypothesized pilot sequence belongs to the S by N pilot sequences;
step 305: and taking the channel estimation result as a final channel estimation result.
In step 302, if the CRC check passes, the channel estimation of the data with correct decoding to the sending end device can be performed again; and if the CRC passes, traversing the extracted S times N pilot frequency sequences, and sequentially trying the channel estimation process until the CRC passes.
Specifically, after performing channel estimation on the data stream of the sending end device, if it is determined that the CRC check passes, performing channel estimation on the sending end device again according to the decoded data; and according to the channel estimation result, decoding the data obtained after the CRC of the sending end equipment passes in the data stream, and eliminating the interference of the pilot frequency sequence corresponding to the CRC of the sending end equipment, so as to carry out channel estimation on other sending end equipment.
In the embodiment of the invention, a large number of pilot sequences are divided into a plurality of groups of pilot sets, a few groups of pilot sets are selected from the plurality of groups of pilot sets, and then the pilot sequences are selected from the selected pilot sets, so that the probability of selecting the completely same pilots by two devices is reduced, and further the collision probability is reduced. And after the pilot collision is determined, channel estimation can be carried out according to specific conditions, and the system performance is further improved.
The steps of the above methods are divided for clarity, and the implementation may be combined into one step or split some steps, and the steps are divided into multiple steps, so long as the same logical relationship is included, which are within the scope of the present patent; it is within the scope of the patent to add insignificant modifications to the algorithms or processes or to introduce insignificant design changes to the core design without changing the algorithms or processes.
A third embodiment of the present invention relates to an electronic device, as shown in fig. 4, which mainly includes at least one processor 401; and a memory 402 communicatively coupled to the at least one processor 401; the memory 402 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 401, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor 401, so that the at least one processor 401 can execute the pilot transmission method described in the first embodiment or the channel estimation method described in the second embodiment.
Where the memory and processor are connected by a bus, the bus may comprise any number of interconnected buses and bridges, the buses connecting together one or more of the various circuits of the processor and the memory. The bus may also connect various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further herein. The processor is responsible for managing the bus and general processing and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. And the memory may be used to store data used by the processor in performing operations.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer program realizes the above-described method embodiments when executed by a processor.
That is, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the embodiments described above may be implemented by a program instructing related hardware, where the program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a device (which may be a single chip, a chip, or the like) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
Claims (10)
1. A method for pilot transmission, comprising:
selecting S groups of pilot frequency sets from M groups of pilot frequency sets, and selecting N pilot frequency sequences from each group of the S groups of selected pilot frequency sets, wherein M is a positive integer larger than 2, S is a positive integer smaller than M, and N is a positive integer;
and inserting the selected S times N pilot frequency sequences into a sending data stream according to a preset format, and sending the sending data stream to receiving end equipment.
2. The pilot transmission method of claim 1, wherein the pilot sequences in one set of the pilot sets are obtained by performing cyclic shift based on the same cyclic orthogonal sequence.
3. The pilot transmission method of claim 2, wherein the cyclic orthogonal sequences corresponding to different sets of the pilot sets are the same, or the cyclic orthogonal sequences corresponding to different sets of the pilot sequences are different.
4. The pilot transmission method of claim 2, wherein a minimum interval of the cyclic shift is greater than a maximum multipath delay of a multipath channel.
5. A method of channel estimation, comprising:
receiving a data stream sent by sending end equipment, wherein the data stream comprises S times N pilot frequency sequences inserted according to a preset format, and the S times N pilot frequency sequences are selected from S groups of pilot frequency sets in M groups of pilot frequency sets, wherein N pilot frequency sequences are selected from each group of pilot frequency sets;
and extracting the S times N pilot frequency sequences from the data stream according to the preset format, and performing channel estimation according to the extracted S times N pilot frequency sequences and the data stream.
6. The channel estimation method of claim 5, wherein the extracting the S by N pilot sequences from the data stream according to the predetermined format, and performing channel estimation according to the extracted S by N pilot sequences and the data stream comprises:
step a, extracting the S times N pilot frequency sequences from the data stream according to the preset format;
b, traversing the S times N pilot frequency sequences and the data stream to carry out channel estimation, carrying out CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on a channel estimation result, if the CRC is determined not to pass, updating the assumed pilot frequency sequences, and then re-executing the step b until the CRC is determined to pass;
wherein the hypothesized pilot sequence belongs to the S by N pilot sequences.
7. The channel estimation method as claimed in claim 6, wherein after performing channel estimation based on the extracted S times N pilot sequences and the data stream, the method further comprises:
if the CRC is confirmed to pass, performing channel estimation on the sending end equipment again according to the decoded data;
and according to the channel estimation result, in the data stream, carrying out interference elimination on the data obtained by decoding the sending end equipment after the CRC check passes and the pilot frequency sequence corresponding to the CRC check pass of the sending end equipment.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor; and (c) a second step of,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the pilot transmission method of any of claims 1-4.
9. An electronic device, comprising
At least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the channel estimation method of any one of claims 5 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the pilot transmission method of any one of claims 1 to 4 or implements the channel estimation method of any one of claims 5 to 7.
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| CN201811643597.6A CN110535794B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Pilot transmission method, channel estimation method, device and storage medium |
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| CN110535794B true CN110535794B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20070066232A1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-22 | Black Peter J | Pilot grouping and route protocols in multi-carrier communication systems |
| CN101778063B (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2013-03-27 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Channel estimation method and device thereof |
| KR101795645B1 (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2017-11-08 | 후아웨이 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Pilot signal transmission method, base station and user equipment |
| US10911281B2 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2021-02-02 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for pilot signal transmission |
| CN105763309B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2019-05-31 | 南京邮电大学 | Pilot pollution mitigates method in the extensive mimo system of chain network |
| CN106209188B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-12-31 | 重庆邮电大学 | Pilot pollution reduction method based on partial pilot frequency alternate multiplexing in large-scale MIMO system |
| WO2018112760A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | 武汉拓宝科技股份有限公司 | Pilot structure, pilot sending method, and user channel estimation method |
| CN109088715B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2021-04-06 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Pilot frequency distribution method and device |
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