CN110535546A - A kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception - Google Patents
A kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception Download PDFInfo
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- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract
A kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception does sliding cross correlation process to pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal, obtains frame detection metric, thinks that frame reaches when frame detection metric is greater than detection threshold, otherwise frame does not reach.In non line-of-sight communication environment, due to the influence of Multipath Transmission, there are multiple signals for being separated by a fixed response time and reaching receiver, the present invention proposes in nlos environment in communication channel maximum delay extended window, method based on sparse multipath perception, according to characteristic different with frame detection metric mean value at noise at multipath arrival, select suitable decision threshold, distinguish multipath arriving signal and noise signal, energy progress frame at multipath arrival ideal signal points is only collected in selected window and reaches detection, is lifted at system-frame detection performance in non line-of-sight communication environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication fields, are related to a kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection side based on sparse multipath perception
Method.
Background technique
Today's society, the convenience of wireless communication make a large amount of advanced technology be able to using, in daily society with
Locate visible.Non line of sight (NLOS) transmission is the typical application scenarios of one of wireless communication.The electromagnetism of wireless communication system passes
It is defeated to there is sighting distance (LOS) to propagate and non line of sight (NLOS) propagation two ways.NLOS propagation refers between transmitting terminal and receiving end not
There are line of sight, the effects of emitting reflection, refraction, diffraction, scattering, diffraction of the signal by barrier, is connect by mulitpath arrival
A kind of circulation way of receiving end.NLOS propagation makes to receive signal by serious frequency selective fading, to broad band wireless transmission
The raising of rate and quality influences very big.Therefore, research NLOS the relevant technologies have important meaning.
As its name suggests, frame reaches detection technique, exactly detects whether signal frame arrives, and determines the approximate location of frame head.
Frame reaches first step that detection is communication, and importance has some idea of.In non line-of-sight communication scene, there are multi-path jamming and
There are the unfavorable factors such as external noise, due to the interference of multipath, there are multiple signals for reaching receiver at a distance of some time delays.Therefore,
Frame detection technique is studied under nlos environment, whether accurate judgement signal reaches receiver, be able to ascend the property of communication system
Can, it has great significance.
Summary of the invention
It is mutual it is an object of the invention in non line-of-sight communication environment, provide a kind of sliding based on sparse multipath perception
Close frame arrival detection method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception according to pilot frequency sequence LTF and receives signal
It calculates frame and detects metric, think that frame reaches when frame detection metric is greater than detection threshold, otherwise frame does not reach.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that calculating the tool of frame detection metric according to pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal
Body process is as follows:
Step 1: pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal do sliding cross correlation process, then ask the result after sliding cross-correlation
Modulus square；In selected window, multipath arriving signal and noise are distinguished by sparse perception algorithm, to multipath arriving signal
Mould square sum, obtain frame detection metric molecule；
Step 2: the product of the energy of pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal is the denominator that frame detects metric；
Step 3: the molecule of component frame detection metric and the denominator of frame detection metric are divided by, and obtain frame detection measurement
Value.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that distinguishing multipath arriving signal in step 1 by sparse perception algorithm and making an uproar
When sound, if mould square is less than decision threshold, it is believed that be noise, if mould square is greater than decision threshold, it is believed that be multipath arriving signal.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the detailed process of step 1 are as follows:
In receiving end, it is assumed that receiving end noise power isReceived signal power is to be expressed ashlFor
Channel time domain impulse response, LchFor the channel delay spread of maximum possible, i.e. selected window size, the total work of signal y is received
Rate is noise powerWith received signal powerThe sum of σ2, indicate are as follows:Signal-to-noise ratio
Enable sequenceIndicate pilot frequency sequence LTF；Wherein,
LLTFFor the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF；
Assuming that transmitting symbol power normalization；It will be the L of starting with d in receiving endLTFPoint receives signal sequence and is denoted as:
Pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal do the mould square of sliding cross correlation resultsAre as follows:
Wherein, d is the starting point for receiving signal y；L is variable；Variable l value range is 0,1,2,, Lch；
As channel time domain impulse response hlWhen=0, i.e., when no diameter only has noise:
Multipath arriving signal and noise are distinguished by sparse perception algorithm:
Wherein,For with d be starting reception signal in LLTFThe maximum value of length self-energy；
The index set ψ of multipath identification is defined, ifDecision threshold isGive parameter η > 1, then it is assumed that corresponding to the starting point d for receiving signal is no pair in the signal originated
Neat signal component only has noise；Otherwise it is assumed that corresponding to the starting point d for receiving signal is to have signal point in the signal originated
The starting point d for receiving signal is then added in the index set ψ of multipath identification by amount；
The molecule of frame detection metric are as follows:
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the detailed process of step 2 are as follows: the energy of pilot frequency sequence LTF is pilot frequency sequence
The length of LTF, by the energy (y of the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signalH(d) y (d)) it is multiplied, metric is detected as frame
Denominator, frame detect metric denominator are as follows: LLTF×(yH(d) y (d)), wherein y (d) is to receive signal, yH(d) believe to receive
The conjugate transposition of number y (d).
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the metric G of frame detectionCS(d) it is written as:
When there is signal, L is consideredpA tap is randomly dispersed in [0, Lch] between；Assuming that multi-path location identification is correct, frame inspection
Estimate the expectation E [G of magnitudeCS(d)] are as follows:
If only noise then has without signal:
Selection parameter η > 1, so that having for all dSo that in no signal
When, frame detects metric GCS(d)=0.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages: in non line-of-sight communication environment, the present invention proposes one
Sliding cross-correlation frame arrival detection method of the kind based on sparse perception.I.e. in receiving end, a window is considered, length of window is logical
Believe the channel delay spread value of channel maximum possible.Suitable decision threshold is selected to distinguish multipath arriving signal in this window
And noise signal does not consider noise signal in selected window, the signal energy for only collecting multipath arrival, which is used as, calculates frame inspection
Estimate the foundation of magnitude.The suitable detection threshold of reselection carries out frame and reaches detection, will not lose non line-of-sight communication environment in this way
In due to Multipath Transmission cause signal multipath reach receiving end multipath component, promoted nlos environment in system-frame reach detection
Performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the non line-of-sight communication environmental system model framework chart that the present invention uses；
Fig. 2 is the signal frame structure figure that the present invention uses；
Fig. 3 is the present invention in the performance schematic diagram for having sparse multipath to perceive and compare without sparse multipath perception.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Based on the sliding cross-correlation frame detection method of sparse multipath perception, basic thought is exactly to calculate frame detection metric,
One suitable detection threshold is set, is considered as frame arrival when frame detection metric is greater than detection threshold, otherwise frame does not reach.Frame
Detection metric is Fractional form, molecular computing mode be to pilot frequency sequence LTF and receive signal and do sliding cross correlation process, then
Mould square is sought to the result after sliding cross-correlation.In selected window, multipath is distinguished by sparse perception algorithm and reaches letter
Number and noise, only sum to a mould square for multipath arriving signal sliding cross correlation results, denominator is pilot frequency sequence LTF and connect
The product of the energy of the collection of letters number.Specifically, the present invention includes the following steps:
Step 1: the molecule of frame detection metric is calculated:
The molecule of frame detection metric: acquisition pilot tone and reception letter is calculated in the present invention based on sparse multipath cognitive method
Number, mould square is sought to pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal sliding cross correlation results, in selected window, through the invention
Sparse perception method distinguish multipath arriving signal and noise, if the mould square of sliding cross correlation results is less than certain decision gate
Limit, is taken as noise and abandons analog value, if the mould square of sliding cross correlation results is greater than certain decision threshold, just recognizes
To be multipath arriving signal；In selected window, only the mould square of multipath arriving signal sliding cross correlation results is asked
With, obtain frame detection metric molecule.
Detailed process is as follows:
In receiving end, it is assumed that receiving end noise power isReceived signal power can be expressed ashl
For channel time domain impulse response, LchFor the channel delay spread of maximum possible, i.e. selected window size.Receive the total of signal y
Power is the sum of noise power and received signal power σ2, can indicate are as follows:Signal-to-noise ratio is
Enable sequenceIndicate pilot frequency sequence LTF.Wherein,
LLTFFor the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF.
Assuming that transmitting symbol power normalization, will be the L originated with d in receiving endLTFPoint receives signal sequence and is denoted as:
Pilot frequency sequence LTF and the mould square for receiving signal sliding cross correlation resultsAre as follows:
Wherein, d is the starting point for receiving signal y.L is variable, value range 0,1,2,, Lch。
As channel time domain impulse response hlWhen=0, i.e., when no diameter only has noise:
Multipath arriving signal and noise are distinguished by sparse perception method:
Wherein,For with d be starting reception signal in LLTFThe maximum value of length self-energy.
The index set ψ of multipath identification is defined, ifDecision threshold isGive parameter η > 1, then it is assumed that corresponding to the starting point d for receiving signal is no pair in the signal originated
Neat signal component only has noise.Otherwise it is assumed that corresponding to the starting point d for receiving signal is to have signal point in the signal originated
The starting point d for receiving signal is then added in the index set ψ of multipath identification by amount.
For taking d as the reception signal sequence of starting, after seeking mould square to the result of sliding cross-correlation, selected one
Determine window LchIt is interior, select suitable decision threshold to distinguish multipath arriving signal and noise.Only to the mould square of sliding cross correlation results
Multipath arriving signal greater than decision threshold is summed, and value is the molecule that frame detects metric, by multipath arriving signal point
Amount is added in set ψ.
The molecule of frame detection metric are as follows:
Step 2: calculate the denominator of frame detection metric: the energy of pilot frequency sequence LTF is the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF, is
Definite value.Denominator calculation is the product of the energy of pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal y, with the energy for the reception signal y that d is starting
Amount is (yH(d) y (d)), by the energy (y of the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signalH(d) y (d)) it is multiplied, it is detected as frame
The denominator of metric.
The denominator of frame detection metric are as follows: LLTF×(yH(d) y (d)), wherein y (d) is to receive signal, yHIt (d) is reception
The conjugate transposition of signal y (d).
Step 3: frame detection metric is calculated and compared with detection threshold.
The calculated molecule of step 1 and the calculated denominator of step 2 are divided by configuration frame detection metric, selection is suitable
Detection threshold, frame detection metric be greater than detection threshold then think frame reach, otherwise frame does not reach.
The metric G of frame detectionCS(d) it is written as:
When there is signal, L is consideredpA tap is randomly dispersed in [0, Lch] between.Assuming that multi-path location identification is correct, frame inspection
Estimate the expectation E [G of magnitudeCS(d)] are as follows:
If only noise then has without signal:
Suitable parameter η > 1 is selected, can there are all dSo that
In no signal, it is G that frame, which detects metric,CS(d)=0.
It can be seen that being identified by multipath, the relative different of metric when infinitely having widened no signal, so as to promote inspection
Survey performance.
Fig. 1 is to be suitable for the invention non line-of-sight communication scene figure, and it is big that NLOS transmission, which causes the reception signal of receiving end,
The superposition for measuring non-direct wave (mainly back wave), in non line of sight transmission, since barrier blocks, letter that receiver receives
It number further include the signal reached by paths such as refraction, diffraction, reflections.Therefore, non line of sight transmitting has multi-path jamming, receives letter
Number have apparent Rayleigh fading.
Fig. 2 is the structure for the signal frame that the present invention uses, and signal frame is made of training sequence and load two parts.Training sequence
It is classified as pilot frequency sequence LTF composition, pilot frequency sequence also adds protection interval UW, and the load of signal frame is by data block and protection interval UW
Block-by-block is spliced, in transmitting terminal by deblocking and in end addition protection interval UW.In subsequent simulation, UW length is
64, pilot frequency sequence LTF are made of the m-sequence that length is 128, and the length of a data block is 512.
When not using the method for sparse multipath perception, frame detection is carried out in nlos environment, utilizes LLTFThe LTF docking of point
Relevant calculation is normalized in the collection of letters number.It enablesIndicate pilot tone
Sequence LTF.Assuming that transmitting symbol power normalization.It will be the L originated with d in receiving endLTFPoint receives signal sequence and is denoted as:
The channel delay spread for considering maximum possible is Lch, for taking d as the reception signal sequence of starting, by following correlation
Coefficient detects metric as frame:
The meaning of molecule is to have counted with d for starting, the reception signal of all arrival in maximum channel delay spread window
With the quadratic sum of the sliding correlation of pilot frequency sequence LTF.This is in the very big but only sparse several root diameters of channel delay spread
In channel circumstance, the energy of many noises is also collected in fact, and system-frame, which reaches detection performance, will receive influence.According to calculated
The metric of frame detection, selects suitable detection threshold, when frame detection metric is greater than detection threshold, is considered as frame arrival,
Otherwise d continues to move backward, the point for being greater than detection threshold until finding out frame detection metric.
The foundation of simulation comparison is when having sparse perception and without two kinds of sparse perception, and the detection threshold of selection is wanted
So that false alarm probability is essentially identical in the case of two kinds, then go to compare false dismissal probability MDP.Pilot frequency sequence LTF uses length when emulation
It is constituted for 128 m-sequence, using BPSK modulation system, receiver is received with an antenna, 512 symbols of each data block,
Middle UW length is 64, and pilot frequency sequence LTF length is 128, does not use detection threshold when sparse perception to be set as 1.7, use is sparse
Detection threshold is set as 1.2 when perception, and the two false alarm probability is essentially identical, when ideal signal and noise are divided in sparse multipath sense time zone
The parameter η used is 2, and the extension of channel maximum delay is that length of window is 50, has 3 diameter random distributions in length of window, Fig. 3 is
The detection performance contrast schematic diagram that the present invention has sparse multipath to perceive and perceive without sparse multipath in non line-of-sight communication environment.
After carrying out sparse multipath perception as can be seen from Figure 3, false dismissal probability MDP is lower, and the performance of system is more excellent.
In non line-of-sight communication environment, due to the influence of Multipath Transmission, there are multiple fixed response times that are separated by reach receiver
Signal, the present invention propose the side in nlos environment in communication channel maximum delay extended window, based on sparse multipath perception
Method selects suitable decision threshold according to characteristic different with frame detection metric mean value at noise at multipath arrival, distinguishes more
Diameter arriving signal and noise signal only collect energy progress frame at multipath arrival ideal signal points in selected window and reach inspection
It surveys, is lifted at system-frame detection performance in non line-of-sight communication environment.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press
According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of based on sparse multipath perception sliding cross-correlation frame detection method, which is characterized in that according to pilot frequency sequence LTF with
It receives signal and calculates frame detection metric, think that frame reaches when frame detection metric is greater than detection threshold, otherwise frame does not reach.
2. a kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception according to claim 1, feature exist
In calculating frame detection metric according to pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal, detailed process is as follows:
Step 1: pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal do sliding cross correlation process, then seek mould to the result after sliding cross-correlation
Square；In selected window, multipath arriving signal and noise are distinguished by sparse perception algorithm, to the mould of multipath arriving signal
It square sums, obtains the molecule of frame detection metric；
Step 2: the product of the energy of pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal is the denominator that frame detects metric；
Step 3: the molecule of component frame detection metric and the denominator of frame detection metric are divided by, and obtain frame detection metric.
3. a kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception according to claim 2, feature exist
In in step 1, when distinguishing multipath arriving signal and noise by sparse perception algorithm, if mould square is recognized less than decision threshold
To be noise, if mould square is greater than decision threshold, it is believed that be multipath arriving signal.
4. a kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception according to claim 2, feature exist
In the detailed process of step 1 are as follows:
In receiving end, it is assumed that receiving end noise power isReceived signal power is to be expressed ashlFor channel
Time domain impulse response, LchFor the channel delay spread of maximum possible, i.e. selected window size, the general power for receiving signal y is
Noise powerWith received signal powerThe sum of σ2, indicate are as follows:Signal-to-noise ratio
Enable sequenceIndicate pilot frequency sequence LTF；Wherein, LLTF
For the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF；
Assuming that transmitting symbol power normalization；It will be the L of starting with d in receiving endLTFPoint receives signal sequence and is denoted as:
Pilot frequency sequence LTF and reception signal do the mould square of sliding cross correlation resultsAre as follows:
Wherein, d is the starting point for receiving signal y；L is variable；Variable l value range is 0,1,2,, Lch；
As channel time domain impulse response hlWhen=0, i.e., when no diameter only has noise:
Multipath arriving signal and noise are distinguished by sparse perception algorithm:
Wherein,For with d be starting reception signal in LLTFThe maximum value of length self-energy；
The index set ψ of multipath identification is defined, ifDecision threshold is
Give parameter η > 1, then it is assumed that corresponding to the starting point d for receiving signal is the signal component for not having alignment in the signal originated
Only noise；Otherwise it is assumed that corresponding to the starting point d for receiving signal is to have signal component in the signal originated, then it will receive and believe
Number starting point d be added to multipath identification index set ψ in；
The molecule of frame detection metric are as follows:
5. a kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception according to claim 2, feature exist
In the detailed process of step 2 are as follows: the energy of pilot frequency sequence LTF is the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF, by the length of pilot frequency sequence LTF
Degree and the energy (y for receiving signalH(d) y (d)) it is multiplied, as the denominator of frame detection metric, frame detects the denominator of metric
Are as follows: LLTF×(yH(d) y (d)), wherein y (d) is to receive signal, yH(d) conjugate transposition to receive signal y (d).
6. a kind of sliding cross-correlation frame detection method based on sparse multipath perception according to claim 1, feature exist
In the metric G of frame detectionCS(d) it is written as:
When there is signal, L is consideredpA tap is randomly dispersed in [0, Lch] between；Assuming that multi-path location identification is correct, frame degree of detection
Expectation E [the G of magnitudeCS(d)] are as follows:
If only noise then has without signal:
Selection parameter η > 1, so that having for all dSo that in no signal, frame
Detect metric GCS(d)=0.
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