CN110534265A - A kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulator - Google Patents
A kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110534265A CN110534265A CN201910984256.3A CN201910984256A CN110534265A CN 110534265 A CN110534265 A CN 110534265A CN 201910984256 A CN201910984256 A CN 201910984256A CN 110534265 A CN110534265 A CN 110534265A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- arc
- insulator
- arc extinguishing
- recoil
- recoils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators
- H01B17/04—Chains; Multiple chains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/46—Means for providing an external arc-discharge path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
- H01B17/48—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges over chains or other serially-arranged insulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulators, belong to power transmission and distribution overhead transmission line anti-thunder technical field, including several insulators and connecting rod, several insulators are concatenated by connecting rod and constitute insulator chain, insulator chain both ends are provided with recoil arc-control device, recoil arc-control device includes leading arc electrode, conducting wire and end position insulator, and the arc electrode of leading is arranged on external connector, and is wired on the position insulator of end.The insulator quenching time of the present invention shifts to an earlier date, local flashover Insulation Coordination is advanceed to through flashover Insulation Coordination by traditional, most insulation do not puncture after local flashover, creeping discharge only occur, arc extinguishing object is the streamer of extremely weak impact electric arc at this time, and fragility is high, arc extinguishing difficulty is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power transmission and distribution overhead transmission line anti-thunder technical field more particularly to a kind of recoil arc extinguishing insulation of concatenation type
Son.
Background technique
When thundercloud is assembled to form thundercloud and ground potential difference, severe non-uniform electric field is always induced at insulator.It grinds
The electric-field intensity distribution studied carefully when showing to be struck by lightning between each insulator difference the piece number is also very uneven, shows as insulator chain
The electric field strength at high, the intermediate position of the electric field strength of both ends sub-pieces is low.Since head and end insulator electric field intensity is big, absolutely
Edge middle part potential electrical field intensity is low, and lightning stroke flashover electric arc primarily occur ins the both ends of insulator chain, then from insulator chain two
It holds to intermediate position and develops.
Nowadays the arrester being widely used in power circuit is mainly intervened when being struck by lightning and occurring with parallel connection gaps, is passed
Uniting, there are shortcomings for arrester, such as: difficult in maintenance, lightning protection effect is low, can not protect superposition lightning stroke etc..Parallel connection gaps
There are shortcomings, such as: (1) parallel connection gaps installation need to add fitting, and installation tool acquires a certain degree of difficulty；(2) parallel connection gaps is exhausted
Edge cooperation is designed by insulator chain head and the tail two panels insulator highest breakdown voltage, since shelf depreciation primarily occur ins first and last end,
Cause the Insulation Coordination of parallel connection gaps than need very it is low, the dielectric level of route can be reduced in this way, lead to tripping rate with lightning strike
It increases；(3) parallel connection gaps electrode is repeatedly by power frequency continued flow electric arc calcination, and it is ablated to will lead to metal electrode, reduces parallel connection gaps
With the Insulation Coordination ability of insulator.
For deficiency existing for arrester and parallel connection gaps, it is proposed that a kind of concatenation type applied to transmission line of electricity lightning protection is anti-
Rush arc extinguishing insulator.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulators, to solve skill present in background technique
Art problem.
A kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulator, including several insulators and connecting rod, several insulators pass through company
Extension bar concatenation constitutes insulator chain, and insulator chain both ends are provided with recoil arc-control device, and recoil arc-control device includes leading arc electricity
Pole, conducting wire and end position insulator, the arc electrode of leading is arranged on external connector, and is wired to the insulation of end position
On son.
Further, several arc extinguishing channels are provided in the insulator of the end position, are provided on each arc extinguishing channel
Spout, each arc extinguishing channel pass through spout and are connected to outside, connected, led by connecting line between arc extinguishing channel and arc extinguishing channel
One end of line is connect with one of arc extinguishing channel.
Further, arc extinguishing channel includes connecing to dodge component, arc electrode and recoil tube, and the arc electrode setting is recoiling
One end of pipe connects and dodges the other end that component is sealingly disposed in recoil tube.
Further, the conducting wire is connect with the sudden strain of a muscle component that connects in one of arc extinguishing channel, is set as electric arc entrance, and go out
Arc channel and arc extinguishing difference between diversity channels row are arranged, and the spout in two neighboring arc extinguishing channel is connected by connecting line.
Further, the recoil tube is made of the high voltage bearing non-conducting material of high-strength high temperature-resistant, non-conducting material
It is made as ceramal, rare-earth ceramic, Graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, silastic elastomer, organic insulating material, conjunction
The inner diameter size of golden glass, rare earth glass, Graphene glass or organic glass, recoil tube is increased with transmission line of electricity voltage class
And increase.
Further, the diameter of end position insulator is bigger than the diameter of insulator, and notch setting is in end position insulator
Upper end.
Further, several arc extinguishing channels are set as the arc extinguishing channel path of multistage " Z " type broached-tooth design, and are embedded
Hold the inside of position insulator.
Further, arc electrode is set as conductive metal ring, and the lateral wall of conductive metal ring is tightly attached to recoil tube
Inner wall.
Further, the arc electrode of leading is set as metal collar structure, is set on external metallization connector.
The local field strength of the first and last two panels insulator of insulator chain is high, is easy preferential flashover, therefore in the first and last of insulator chain
The biggish insulator of two panels area is designed at both ends, arc eliminating module is equipped in first and last two panels insulator, for protecting insulator
String head and end.In the pilot stage of thunder discharge, for non-uniform electric field local discharge characteristic position, in the head of insulator chain
The biggish insulator of two panels area is designed at last both ends, is equipped with arc eliminating module in first and last two panels insulator, traditional is run through
Flashover Insulation Coordination advances to local flashover insulation, realizes effective extinguishing to local electrical discharge arc, puts to eliminate from part
Electricity develops into the basic condition of main discharge, greatly reduces arc extinguishing difficulty, eliminates lightning stroke flashover and builds arc harm, it is ensured that lightning stroke is not jumped
Lock.
It is respectively equipped with arc electrode at the first and last end of insulator chain, arc electrode is respectively fitted over the first and last end of insulator chain simultaneously
It is contacted with insulator first and last end metal outer wall.Arc electrode is made of metal material, and exhausted with head and end respectively by conducting wire
Arc eliminating module in edge is connected, and carries out arc extinguishing to local flashover arc, prevents through flashover.The effect of arc electrode:
When lightning stroke flashover electric arc occurs near insulator, arc electrode can be drawn neighbouring electric arc to the arc extinguishing of both ends sub-pieces
In module.Arc eliminating module be arranged inside the sub-pieces of both ends, arc eliminating module by multistage " Z " type broached-tooth design arc extinguishing passway
Diameter composition.An arc-extinguishing tube is equipped in each section of arc extinguishing channel path, arc-extinguishing tube may be designed as recoil structure, arc extinguishing tube material
It can be ceramic tube etc. for high-strength insulating material.It is connected with camber line is led between arc-extinguishing tube in different section arc channels path, make
Electric arc is converted in specified arc channel.Electric arc spout, external spout and inside are equipped in first and last end sub-pieces outer surface
Arc channel interconnects.
It further illustrates, back flush unit is set as inner hollow, open at one end, the closed semiclosed pipe fitting of the other end.If
A dry back flush unit includes arc-striking module, recoil module and connects sudden strain of a muscle module, and the arc-striking module opening is arranged in recoil module
One end, described connect dodge module closing the other end of recoil module be arranged in.The arc-striking module and connect dodge module be by leading
Electric material is made, and arc-striking module is conductive metal ring, and the lateral wall of conductive metal ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of recoil tube.
Basic principle of the invention:
Backsurging principle: entrance electric arc rapidly enters recoil arc-extinguishing tube, rushes at and leads arc electrode and elastic collision occurs, makes electric arc
180 ° of conversions occur for direction, form outlet electric arc, leave recoil arc-extinguishing tube, spray from electric arc spout；Outlet electric arc is recoiled
Recoil arc-extinguishing tube is left in effect, weakens the energy in recoil arc-extinguishing tube, while hindering the entrance of entrance electric arc, in recoil arc-extinguishing tube
Inlet forms electric arc large scale fracture, destroys electric arc continuity, accelerates arc extinction；Recoil come out outlet arcing in
Recoil arc extinguishing tube inlet dispatch from foreign news agency arc, forms cavity effect, accelerates the truncation of outer electric arc.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention is had following technical effect that
(1) the insulator quenching time of the present invention shifts to an earlier date, and through flashover Insulation Coordination to advance to local flashover exhausted by traditional
Edge cooperates, and most insulation do not puncture after local flashover, creeping discharge only occurs, and arc extinguishing object is extremely weak punching at this time
The streamer of electric arc is hit, fragility is high, arc extinguishing difficulty is low.
(2) arc extinguishing is easier to, and is built arc channel and is belonged to non-connected pathways, damps huge.
(3) restriking is more difficult, and weak arc of building once is interrupted, and faster, arc channel fragility is bigger for medium recovery, goes to free area
Domain is bigger.
(4) arc eliminating module security advantages, the flashover caused for power-frequency overvoltage were also off in the partial discharge stage.This is just
The appearance of the big electric arc of power frequency is completely eliminated, effectively ensures arc eliminating module not and will receive the destruction of big energy, improve arc eliminating module
The range and itself durability for inhibiting overvoltage, bear the need of simple power-frequency overvoltage arc extinguishing ability completely.
(5) by arc eliminating module and being made of one of insulator chain, installation is simple, and economy is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is insulator structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is end position of the present invention insulator structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is end position of the present invention insulator transversal profile figure.
Fig. 4 is end end position of the present invention interior insulator recoil structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is arc extinguishing channel cross-section figure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is end end position of the present invention interior insulator connection schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is arc extinguishing channel of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the induction field intensity distribution rule figure of insulator chain of the present invention.
In figure: 1- connecting rod；2- insulator；3- leads arc electrode；4- conducting wire；The end 5- position insulator；6- arc extinguishing channel；7- spray
Mouthful；8- connecting line；9- connects sudden strain of a muscle component；10- arc electrode；11- recoil tube.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, referring to the drawings and preferred reality is enumerated
Example is applied, the present invention is described in more detail.However, it is necessary to illustrate, many details listed in specification are only to be
Reader is set to have a thorough explanation to one or more aspects of the present invention, it can also be with even without these specific details
Realize the aspects of the invention.
According to above-mentioned principle explanation and refering to fig. 1 to further explanation of the embodiment of the present invention:
As shown in figure 8, the first and last two panels insulator of insulator chain, i.e. end position insulator 5, as shown in figure 1 the 1st and the 7th
The local field strength of piece, first and last two panels insulator is high, is easy preferential flashover, therefore designs two panels area in the head and end of insulator chain
Biggish insulator is equipped with recoil arc-control device in first and last two panels insulator, for protecting insulator chain head and end.Instead
Rush arc-control device can be manufacture end position insulator 5 carry out inside leave a blank or by later period turn hole generate etc..It is put in thunder and lightning
The pilot stage of electricity designs two panels area in the head and end of insulator chain for non-uniform electric field local discharge characteristic position
Biggish insulator (the 1st, the 7th), is equipped with recoil arc-control device in first and last two panels insulator, by traditional through sudden strain of a muscle
Network Insulation Coordination advances to local flashover insulation, realizes effective extinguishing to local electrical discharge arc, to eliminate from shelf depreciation
The basic condition of main discharge is developed into, arc extinguishing difficulty is greatly reduced, eliminate lightning stroke flashover and builds arc harm, it is ensured that lightning stroke is not jumped
Lock.
Firstly, thunder and lightning is transmitted to by external metal connecting piece and leads arc electrode 3 after thundering, leads arc electrode 3 and pass through conducting wire again
4 electric arcs pass in the position insulator 5 of end and carry out recoil arc extinguishing.
Arc electrode 3 is led as shown in Figure 1, being respectively equipped at the first and last end of insulator chain, arc electrode 3 is led and is respectively fitted over insulator
The first and last end of string is simultaneously contacted with insulator first and last end metal outer wall.It leads arc electrode 3 to be made of metal material, and is divided by conducting wire 4
It is not connected with the recoil arc-control device in head and end insulator.Lead the effect of arc electrode 3: when lightning stroke flashover electric arc occurs exhausted
When near edge, neighbouring electric arc can be drawn to the recoil arc-control device of both ends sub-pieces by leading arc electrode 3.
It holds the diameter of position insulator 5 all can be bigger than the diameter of intermediate other insulators, is covered by the diameter at both ends
Lid, so that carrying out the effect of both ends arc extinguishing.
As in Figure 2-4, lightning flash over electric arc passes sequentially through first and last end and leads in arc electrode 3 and the entrance insulator chain of conducting wire 4
Arc extinguishing channel 6,11 pairs of impact electric arcs of recoil tube in arc extinguishing channel 6 carry out recoil arc extinguishing effect, and electric arc is sprayed from spout A.
Residue does not extinguish electric arc and enters second segment arc extinguishing channel 6 under the action of connecting line 8, equally carries out recoil arc extinguishing to electric arc and makees
With electric arc is sprayed from spout B.Process is same as above later, until electric arc is off.
As shown in figure 5, arc extinguishing channel 6 is set as inner hollow, open at one end, the closed semiclosed pipe fitting of the other end.If
Dry arc extinguishing channel 6 includes connecing to dodge component 9, arc electrode 10 and recoil tube 11.The opening of arc extinguishing channel 6 setting is recoiling
One end of pipe 11, described connect dodge the other end that recoil tube 11 is arranged in the closing of component 9.It the arc electrode 10 and connects and dodges component 9
It is to be made of an electrically conducting material, arc-striking module is conductive metal ring, and the lateral wall of conductive metal ring is tightly attached to recoil tube 11
Inner wall.,
As shown in fig. 7, can define outer electric arc in inlet speed is v0, and pressure p0, density is ρ 0, temperature in the application
Degree is T0.After outer electric arc enters recoil component, the entrance arc speed v1 of formation, pressure p1, density is ρ 1, temperature T1.
Arc speed v2, pressure p2 are exported after striking component, density is ρ 2, temperature T2.Outer electric arc is entered anti-by entrance
It rushes component and forms interior electric arc, interior electric arc is limited by recoil component walls, and diameter is by large scale mechanical compression, so that interior electric arc
Temperature, density, pressure and speed rise.Arc energy loss and rubbing action are not considered, when entrance electric arc is by connecing sudden strain of a muscle group
Part realizes elastic collision moment, it is believed that v1=-v2, i.e. entrance arc speed size and muzzle velocity are equal in magnitude, contrary.
Consider arc energy loss and rubbing action, entrance electric arc is after connecing and dodging component collision, Ren Wei ∣ v2 ∣ < ∣ v1 ∣, i.e. outlet speed
It is smaller than entrance velocity to spend size, it is contrary.Inhibition of the electric arc by entrance electric arc is exported, outlet arc diameter compares entrance
Arc diameter is small, keeps the density, temperature and pressure that export electric arc bigger than entrance electric arc, i.e. 2 > ρ 1 of ρ, T2 > T1, p2 >
P1, these collective effects make v2 speedup be greater than v1 speedup, i.e. a2 > a1.As outlet arc diameter is constantly compressed, make to obtain
Mouth arc density, temperature and pressure constantly increase, and ultimately form v2 > v1, and outlet electric arc is promoted to go out recoil group from inlet
Part.After outlet electric arc is to go out recoil component, external electric arc forms cavity effect, destroys electric arc continuity, weakens arc energy,
It is accelerated to be truncated and extinguish.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention, for this field skill
For art personnel, it is clear that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing substantially from spirit of the invention or
In the case where essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, in all respects, should all incite somebody to action
Embodiment regards exemplary as, and is non-limiting, the scope of the present invention by appended claims rather than on state
Bright restriction, it is intended that including all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention
It is interior.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- The arc extinguishing insulator 1. a kind of concatenation type recoils, including several insulators (2) and connecting rod (1), several insulators (2) It is concatenated by connecting rod (1) and constitutes insulator chain, which is characterized in that insulator chain both ends are provided with recoil arc-control device, instead Rushing arc-control device includes leading arc electrode (3), conducting wire (4) He Duanwei insulator (5), and outside is arranged in the arc electrode (3) of leading On connector, and it is connected on end position insulator (5) by conducting wire (4).
- The arc extinguishing insulator 2. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 1 recoils, it is characterised in that: end position insulator (5) several arc extinguishing channels (6) are provided in, are provided with spout (7) on each arc extinguishing channel (6), each arc extinguishing channel (6) It is connected to by spout (7) with outside, is connect between arc extinguishing channel (6) and arc extinguishing channel (6) by connecting line, conducting wire (4) One end is connect with one of arc extinguishing channel (6).
- The arc extinguishing insulator 3. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 2 recoils, it is characterised in that: arc extinguishing channel (6) include It connecing and dodges component (9), arc electrode (10) and recoil tube (11), the arc electrode (10) is arranged in one end of recoil tube (11), It connects and dodges the other end that component (9) are sealingly disposed in recoil tube (11).
- The arc extinguishing insulator 4. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 3 recoils, it is characterised in that: the conducting wire (4) and its In connecing for arc extinguishing channel (6) dodge component (9) connection, be set as electric arc entrance, and arc extinguishing channel (6) and arc extinguishing channel (6) The spout (7) of not parallel setting, two neighboring arc extinguishing channel (6) is connected by connecting line (8).
- The arc extinguishing insulator 5. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 3 recoils, it is characterised in that: the recoil tube (11) is adopted It is made of the high voltage bearing non-conducting material of high-strength high temperature-resistant, non-conducting material is made as ceramal, rare-earth ceramic, graphene- Ceramic composite, organic ceramic, silastic elastomer, organic insulating material, glass alloy, rare earth glass, Graphene glass or The inner diameter size of person's organic glass, recoil tube (11) increases with transmission line of electricity voltage class and is increased.
- The arc extinguishing insulator 6. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 2 recoils, it is characterised in that: end position insulator (5) diameter is bigger than the diameter of insulator (2), upper end of spout (7) setting at end position insulator (5).
- The arc extinguishing insulator 7. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 2 recoils, it is characterised in that: several arc extinguishing channels (6) it is set as the arc extinguishing channel path of multistage " Z " type broached-tooth design, and is embedded in the inside at end position insulator (5).
- The arc extinguishing insulator 8. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 3 recoils, it is characterised in that: arc electrode (10) setting It is tightly attached to the inner wall of recoil tube (11) for the lateral wall of conductive metal ring, and conductive metal ring.
- The arc extinguishing insulator 9. a kind of concatenation type according to claim 1 recoils, it is characterised in that: described to lead arc electrode (3) It is set as metal collar structure, is set on external metallization connector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910984256.3A CN110534265A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | A kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910984256.3A CN110534265A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | A kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110534265A true CN110534265A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
Family
ID=68672017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910984256.3A Withdrawn CN110534265A (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | A kind of concatenation type recoil arc extinguishing insulator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110534265A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113206456A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-03 | 广西雷闪电气科技有限公司 | Liquid recoil opposite-blowing arc-extinguishing device and method |
| CN113823466A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-21 | 南宁超伏电气科技有限公司 | Insulator transformation arc-extinguishing device for dealing with insulation matching failure |
-
2019
- 2019-10-16 CN CN201910984256.3A patent/CN110534265A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113206456A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-03 | 广西雷闪电气科技有限公司 | Liquid recoil opposite-blowing arc-extinguishing device and method |
| CN113206456B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-11-24 | 广西雷闪电气科技有限公司 | Liquid backflushing opposite-blowing arc extinguishing device and method |
| CN113823466A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-21 | 南宁超伏电气科技有限公司 | Insulator transformation arc-extinguishing device for dealing with insulation matching failure |
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Application publication date: 20191203 |
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