CN110533224B - Oil shale continuous exploration drilling position optimization method - Google Patents

Oil shale continuous exploration drilling position optimization method Download PDF

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CN110533224B
CN110533224B CN201910719214.7A CN201910719214A CN110533224B CN 110533224 B CN110533224 B CN 110533224B CN 201910719214 A CN201910719214 A CN 201910719214A CN 110533224 B CN110533224 B CN 110533224B
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卫文学
刘恒泉
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for optimizing drilling positions for continuous exploration of oil shale, and particularly relates to the field of oil shale industry. The method comprehensively considers factors such as shale oil occurrence stratum thickness, overburden stratum thickness, bottom plate stratum thickness, moisture content, ash content, fault degree, rock breakage degree and gap indexes, longitudinal wave impedance, transverse wave impedance, Poisson ratio, shear modulus and the like of oil shale or mudstone, establishes an implicit function dependency relationship between the influencing factors and shale oil reserves, interpolates the un-drilled hole positions of an exploration area by selecting an optimal parameter interpolation method suitable for the exploration range, randomly initializes a plurality of virtual exploration holes, and iterates a plurality of times of optimal selection of the randomly initialized virtual exploration holes to obtain the position of the next actual exploration drilled hole to be carried out. The method solves the problem that the traditional method cannot select the next exploration hole position according to the actual exploration area characteristics, and provides a new method for selecting the drilling position for continuous exploration of the oil shale.

Description

Oil shale continuous exploration drilling position optimization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil shale industry, in particular to a drilling position optimization method for continuous exploration of oil shale.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and the continuous and deep understanding of human resources, the oil shale has been generally regarded by various countries and regions in recent years. The oil shale is essentially sedimentary rock of organic matters, and shale oil and shale gas similar to crude oil can be obtained after a series of treatments, so that the oil shale is an important oil-gas resource for assisting economic development.
Oil shale exploration is an important component in unconventional oil and gas resource exploration and has become a popular field of oil and gas exploration in China and all over the world. The accurate and reliable oil shale continuous exploration drilling position optimization method can provide important decision basis for decision departments, greatly save drilling cost and further improve the efficiency and level of oil shale exploration and development.
The prior method for optimizing the drilling position for continuous exploration of the oil shale has the following problems:
incomplete consideration of factors affecting shale oil reserves
The shale oil reserves calculation formula only considers the thickness and the content of an oil shale occurrence stratum, but does not consider the thickness, the moisture, the ash content, the fault and rock breaking degree and the gap index of a shale oil occurrence overburden rock and a bottom plate rock, and factors such as longitudinal wave impedance, transverse wave impedance, Poisson's ratio, shear modulus and the like of oil shale or mudstone.
The method of machine learning is not adopted to establish the functional dependence relationship between the shale oil reserves and the influence factors
The early shale oil reserve calculation formula has few consideration factors and is simple. When the calculation formula considers a plurality of factors, the functional dependence relationship between the shale oil reserves and the influence factors cannot be fitted. Under the condition of less initial exploration data, the interpolation method is single, and a proper interpolation method cannot be selected according to the geological conditions of the actual exploration area to enrich the data set.
The extreme value optimizing method is backward and does not accord with the geological data characteristic of the actual exploration area
The oil shale continuous exploration drilling position can only carry out interpolation on an exploration line, virtual exploration cannot be carried out at any position of an exploration area, and optimizing accuracy of the oil shale continuous exploration drilling position cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the optimal method for the position of the drill hole for continuous exploration of the oil shale, which considers various factors influencing the occurrence of the shale oil comprehensively, flexibly selects various influencing factors and an interpolation method according to actual exploration data, establishes a function dependence relation between the influencing factors and the occurrence of the shale oil, interpolates and enriches an exploration hole data set, and further optimizes iteration to obtain the optimal position of the exploration hole.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a preferable method for continuously exploring the drilling position of oil shale comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting the existing M exploration hole data in the shale exploration process, analyzing the correlation between the shale oil reserves and various influence factors, and selecting N corresponding variety influence factors as independent variable vectors R (R) influencing the shale oil reserves z1,r2,……rN)；
Step two: according to the self-variation vector R (R)1,r2,……rN) And the historical data of M exploration holes in the exploration area collected in the early stage are utilized to establish the influence by utilizing the principle of a support vector machineFactor vector R (R)1,r2,……rN) An implicit functional dependency z ═ f (r) on shale oil reserve z;
step three: for the non-drilling position of the exploration area, the hole parameter (x) is determined according to the existing exploration hole1，y1，R1)，(x2，y2，R2)……,(xM，yM，RM) Selecting a preferred parameter interpolation method suitable for the exploration range to carry out interpolation;
step four: randomly initializing L virtual exploration holes at the position of the non-drilling hole in the exploration range, wherein the longitude and latitude (x) of the ith virtual exploration holei，yi) Random determination, other parameters Ri(ri1,ri2,……,riN) Then interpolation is carried out according to the preferred interpolation method of step three, ri2A 2 nd geological parameter representing an ith survey hole;
step five: preferably iterating L randomly initialized virtual exploration holes for a plurality of rounds, wherein in the k round iteration process, implicit function dependency relationship is adopted
Figure BDA0002156574910000023
Calculating the shale oil storage value of each virtual drilling hole, and taking the maximum shale oil storage value as
Figure BDA0002156574910000024
i _ best is the i _ best virtual borehole in the k iteration that maximizes the f (R) function if
Figure BDA0002156574910000025
The next iteration round is stopped and the next iteration round is stopped,
Figure BDA0002156574910000026
the latitude and longitude of the representation is the preferred location of the next actual survey borehole to be taken.
Preferably, in the step one, a plurality of influence factors influencing the shale oil reserves at the exploration position are open, and are flexibly selected by different exploration area characteristics and applicable exploration means to influenceThe factors comprise the thickness of shale oil occurrence stratum, the thickness H of overburden stratum and bottom rock stratum, the moisture W, the ash content A, fault and rock fragmentation degree and gap indexes, or longitudinal wave impedance, transverse wave impedance, Poisson ratio and shear modulus of oil shale or mudstone, and the principle of parameter selection is to analyze and select parameters closely related to the shale oil content to form an independent variable vector R (R) through the information disclosed by the explored borehole1,r2,……,rN)。
Preferably, in the third step, the geological parameter interpolation method is not fixed, but on the premise that M exploration holes are currently known, the geological parameter R of any exploration hole M (M is 1 … M) of the M exploration holes is obtainedm(rm1,rm2,……rmN) Respectively adopting Q methods of an inverse distance weighted average interpolation method, a minimum curvature method, a multiple regression method, a radial basis function method, a natural approach interpolation method, a nearest neighbor interpolation method, a triangular net/line interpolation method and a kriging interpolation method to carry out interpolation, and marking the interpolation result as the result
Figure BDA0002156574910000027
Figure BDA0002156574910000028
(q＝1～Q)。
Preferably, the q method which enables the formula (1) to take the minimum value is selected as the geological parameter interpolation method of the current round,
Figure BDA0002156574910000021
on the basis of continuously revealing new exploration holes, the new exploration holes are used as known exploration holes, and a geological parameter interpolation method satisfying the formula (1) is selected from the new exploration holes to be used as a next geological parameter interpolation method
Preferably, in the fifth step, L virtual drilling holes for the k-1 th round
Figure BDA0002156574910000022
Figure BDA0002156574910000031
Calculate out
Figure BDA0002156574910000032
Then, take the maximum value
Figure BDA0002156574910000033
The location of the ith drill hole among the total L virtual drill holes of the kth round is determined by equation (2),
Figure BDA0002156574910000034
where γ is a random number between [ -0.5 … 1) and its geological parameters
Figure BDA0002156574910000035
The third step of interpolation calculation is carried out to obtain that when the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value of the shale oil reserves of the k-th round and the k-1 th round of iterative virtual exploration holes is less than 0.001, the iteration is stopped, namely the iteration is carried out
Figure BDA0002156574910000036
When the situation is established, the iteration is stopped,
Figure BDA0002156574910000037
the latitude and longitude of the representation is the preferred location of the next actual survey borehole.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method considers that a plurality of influence factors influencing the shale oil reserves at the exploration position are open, and can be flexibly selected by different exploration area characteristics and applicable exploration means; the geological parameter interpolation method is not fixed, and various parameter interpolation methods are respectively adopted and preferentially used; in the extreme value optimizing algorithm, the random number gamma is between [ -0.5 … 1), so that the condition that the optimizing process falls into a local optimal solution is solved;
the method solves the problem that the optimization of the continuous exploration hole position does not accord with the geological characteristics of the actual exploration area due to the mismatching of the optimization method and geological exploration data, so that the optimization of the oil shale continuous exploration hole position is more scientific and reasonable and accords with the exploration practice.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred method for sequentially exploring the location of a borehole for oil shale.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the symbols of the design are meant to have the meaning,
1-L, i is the ith of the L virtual exploration holes;
j is 1 to N: the jth of the N geological parameters;
k: iteration is carried out on the kth round;
m is 1-M, wherein the M is the mth of M known actual exploration holes;
q is 1 to Q, wherein Q is the Q-th interpolation method in Q interpolation methods;
x is the longitude of the survey hole location;
y: a dimension of an exploration hole location;
R(r1,r2,…,rN): geological parameters of which exploratory holes have influence on shale oil reserves;
z: shale oil reserves.
A preferable method for continuously exploring the drilling position of oil shale comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting the existing M exploration hole data in the shale exploration process, analyzing the correlation between the shale oil reserves and various influence factors, and selecting N corresponding variety influence factors as independent variable vectors R (R) influencing the shale oil reserves z1,r2,……rN)；
The method is characterized in that various influence factors influencing the shale oil reserves at the exploration positions are open and flexibly selected by different exploration area characteristics and applicable exploration means, the influence factors comprise the thickness of shale oil occurrence strata, the thickness H of overlying strata and bottom strata, the moisture W, the ash content A, the fracture degree and rock breakage degree and gap indexes, or the longitudinal wave impedance, the transverse wave impedance, the Poisson ratio and the shear modulus of oil shale or mudstone, and the principle of parameter selection is to analyze and analyze the information disclosed by the explored drilled holesSelecting parameters closely related to the shale oil content to form an independent variable vector R (R)1,r2,……,rN)。
Step two: according to the self-variation vector R (R)1,r2,……rN) And the historical data of M exploration holes in the exploration area collected in the early stage are utilized to establish an influence factor vector R (R) by utilizing the principle of a support vector machine1,r2,……rN) An implicit functional dependency z ═ f (r) on shale oil reserve z;
step three: for the non-drilling position of the exploration area, the hole parameter (x) is determined according to the existing exploration hole1，y1，R1)，(x2，y2，R2)……,(xM，yM，RM) Selecting a preferred parameter interpolation method suitable for the exploration range to carry out interpolation;
in step three, the geological parameter interpolation method is not fixed, but on the premise that M exploration holes are known currently, the geological parameter R of any exploration hole M (M is 1 … M) of the M exploration holes is subjected tom(rm1,rm2,……rmN) Respectively adopting Q methods of an inverse distance weighted average interpolation method, a minimum curvature method, a multiple regression method, a radial basis function method, a natural approach interpolation method, a nearest neighbor interpolation method, a triangular net/line interpolation method and a kriging interpolation method to carry out interpolation, and marking the interpolation result as the result
Figure BDA0002156574910000042
(q＝1～Q)。
Selecting the q method which enables the formula (1) to take the minimum value as a geological parameter interpolation method of the current round,
Figure BDA0002156574910000041
on the basis of continuously disclosing new exploration holes, the new exploration holes are used as known exploration holes, and a geological parameter interpolation method satisfying the formula (1) is selected as a next geological parameter interpolation method.
Step four: random undrilled hole position within the exploration rangeInitializing L virtual exploration holes, wherein the longitude and latitude (x) of the ith virtual exploration holei，yi) Random determination, other parameters Ri(ri1,ri2,……,riN) Then interpolation is carried out according to the preferred interpolation method of step three, ri2A 2 nd geological parameter representing an ith survey hole;
step five: preferably iterating L randomly initialized virtual exploration holes for a plurality of rounds, wherein in the k round iteration process, implicit function dependency relationship is adopted
Figure BDA0002156574910000043
Calculating the shale oil storage value of each virtual drilling hole, and taking the maximum shale oil storage value as
Figure BDA0002156574910000044
i _ best is the i _ best virtual borehole in the k iteration that maximizes the f (R) function if
Figure BDA0002156574910000045
The next iteration round is stopped and the next iteration round is stopped,
Figure BDA0002156574910000046
the latitude and longitude of the representation is the preferred location of the next actual survey borehole to be taken.
L virtual boreholes for the k-1 st round
Figure BDA0002156574910000047
Calculate out
Figure BDA0002156574910000048
Then, take the maximum value
Figure BDA0002156574910000049
The location of the ith drill hole among the total L virtual drill holes of the kth round is determined by equation (2),
Figure BDA0002156574910000051
where γ is a random number between [ -0.5 … 1) and its geological parameters
Figure BDA0002156574910000052
The third step of interpolation calculation is carried out to obtain that when the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value of the shale oil reserves of the k-th round and the k-1 th round of iterative virtual exploration holes is less than 0.001, the iteration is stopped, namely the iteration is carried out
Figure BDA0002156574910000053
When the situation is established, the iteration is stopped,
Figure BDA0002156574910000054
the latitude and longitude of the representation is the preferred location of the next actual survey borehole.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for optimizing the position of a drilling hole for continuous exploration of oil shale is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: collecting the existing M exploration hole data in the shale exploration process, analyzing the correlation between the shale oil reserves and various influence factors, and selecting N corresponding variety influence factors as independent variable vectors R (R) influencing the shale oil reserves z1,r2,……，rN)；
Step two: according to the self-variation vector R (R)1,r2,……，rN) And the historical data of M exploration holes in the exploration area collected in the early stage are utilized to establish an influence factor vector R by utilizing the principle of a support vector machine(r1,r2,……，rN) An implicit functional dependency z ═ f (r) on shale oil reserve z;
step three: for the non-drilling position of the exploration area, the hole parameter (x) is determined according to the existing exploration hole1，y1，R1)，(x2，y2，R2)……,(xM，yM，RM) Selecting a preferred parameter interpolation method suitable for the exploration range to carry out interpolation;
the geological parameter interpolation method is not fixed, but on the premise that the M exploration holes are known currently, the geological parameter R of any exploration hole M (M is 1, …, M) of the M exploration holes is subjected tom(rm1,rm2,……，rmN) Respectively adopting Q methods of an inverse distance weighted average interpolation method, a minimum curvature method, a multiple regression method, a radial basis function method, a natural approach interpolation method, a nearest neighbor interpolation method, a triangular net/line interpolation method and a kriging interpolation method to carry out interpolation, and marking the interpolation result as Rm q(rm1 q,rm2 q,……，rmN q)(q＝1～Q)；
Selecting the q method which enables the formula (1) to take the minimum value as the geological parameter interpolation method,
Figure FDA0002554963440000011
on the basis of continuously revealing a new exploration hole, taking the new exploration hole as a known exploration hole, and preferably selecting a geological parameter interpolation method satisfying the formula (1) as a next geological parameter interpolation method again;
step four: randomly initializing L virtual exploration holes at the position of an undrilled hole in an exploration range, wherein the longitude and latitude (x) of the ith virtual exploration holei，yi) Random determination, other parameters Ri(ri1,ri2,……,riN) Then interpolation is carried out according to the preferred interpolation method of step three, ri2A 2 nd geological parameter representing an ith survey hole;
step five: to pairPreferably iterating a plurality of rounds of randomly initialized L virtual exploration holes, and in the k round iteration process, performing implicit function dependency relationship z1 k＝f(R1)，z2 k＝f(R2)，……,zL k＝f(RL) Calculating the shale oil storage value of each virtual drilling hole, and taking the maximum shale oil storage value as zi_best kI _ best is the i _ best virtual borehole that maximizes the f (R) function in the k iteration if zi_best k-zi_best k-1|<0.001 stop the next iteration, (x)i_best k，yi_best k) The latitude and longitude of the representation is the preferred location of the next actual survey borehole to be taken.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, a plurality of influencing factors influencing the shale oil reserves at the exploration position are open and flexibly selected according to different exploration area characteristics and applicable exploration means, the influencing factors comprise shale oil occurrence stratum thickness, thicknesses H, moisture W, ash A of overburden strata and floor strata, fault and rock fragmentation degrees, gap indexes, longitudinal wave impedance, transverse wave impedance, Poisson's ratio and shear modulus of oil shale or mudstone, parameters are selected according to the principles disclosed by the exploration drilling information, and parameters closely related to the shale oil content are analyzed and selected to form independent variable vectors R (R) which are closely related to the shale oil content1,r2,……,rN)。
3. The method for optimizing drilling position for subsequent exploration of oil shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, L virtual drilling holes for the k-1 th round are drilled
Figure FDA0002554963440000021
Calculate out
Figure FDA0002554963440000022
Then, taking the maximum value z thereini_best k-1＝max(i＝1～L)zi k-1Then the position of the ith borehole in the total L virtual boreholes in the kth round is determined by equation (2),
(xi k，yi k)＝(xi k-1，yi k-1)+γ/2((xi_best k-1，yi_best k-1)-(xi k-1，yi k-1)) (2)，
where γ is a random number between [ -0.5, 1) and its geological parameter Ri k(ri1,ri2,…，rij，…riN) The third step of interpolation calculation is carried out to obtain that when the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value of the shale oil reserves of the k-th round and the k-1 th round of iterative virtual exploration holes is less than 0.001, the iteration is stopped, namely | z |i_best k-zi_best k-1|<When 0.001 is established, the iteration is stopped, (x)i_best k，yi_best k) The latitude and longitude of the representation is the preferred location of the next actual survey borehole.
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