CN110529564A - Override type gear interlock power-driven system - Google Patents

Override type gear interlock power-driven system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110529564A
CN110529564A CN201910814416.XA CN201910814416A CN110529564A CN 110529564 A CN110529564 A CN 110529564A CN 201910814416 A CN201910814416 A CN 201910814416A CN 110529564 A CN110529564 A CN 110529564A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
power
driven
shift fork
shift
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201910814416.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110529564B (en
Inventor
王吉龙
罗裕源
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing Meiao Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Chongqing Longwang Electromechanical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Chongqing Meiao Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Chongqing Longwang Electromechanical Co Ltd
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Application filed by Chongqing Meiao Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd, Chongqing Longwang Electromechanical Co Ltd filed Critical Chongqing Meiao Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910814416.XA priority Critical patent/CN110529564B/en
Publication of CN110529564A publication Critical patent/CN110529564A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110529564B publication Critical patent/CN110529564B/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/20Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear
    • F16H3/22Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially
    • F16H3/30Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially using gears that can be moved out of gear with gears shiftable only axially with driving and driven shafts not coaxial
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F16H2057/02056Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions for utility vehicles, e.g. tractors or agricultural machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of override type gear interlock power-driven systems, including power input shaft, two axis of power output and multiple shifting gear groups for outputting power to one axis of power output of walking structure and for outputting power to Working mechanism, it further include surmounting gearshift, neutral gear between each gear can be cancelled in shift process by surmounting gearshift, dynamical system of the invention makes that power interruption does not occur in gearshift procedure, improve farm machinery operation stability, stable job platform is formed for Working mechanism, it effectively avoids leading to Working mechanism stress mutation due to walking pause and transition in rhythm or melody, extend the service life of Working mechanism, and improve the operation quality of Working mechanism.

Description

Override type gear interlock power-driven system
Technical field
The present invention relates to Vehicle Engineerings, are related to a kind of override type gear interlock power-driven system.
Background technique
For farm machinery (rotary cultivator), traveling vehicle and incidentally with the device of other operations (such as cleaning, weeding etc.) Tool usually has double dynamical export structure, which needs to change the revolving speed from engine using gearshift mechanism With the mechanism of torque;Traditional speed-change and gearshift uses the movement of shift fork and shift fork axle generally to drive a certain shifting gear engagement to pass Dynamic, remaining gear is then disengaged from or surmounts (low or first gear) or dallies.In traditional gear shift structure, from a gear When into another gear, centre must be provided with neutral gear;Such as: one grade enters two grades, and centre has to pass through neutral gear, gearshift procedure It is exactly one grade, neutral gear, two grades;Otherwise one the reason for this is that: after a shelves gear thoroughly must cut off power, it just can enter two grades, if, Transfer motion power, meeting cause gear failure because gear rotational speed is obstructed to intermediate gear simultaneously;In multi gear speed change, if between each gear It is respectively provided with neutral gear, the spacing between gear will be increased, gear shift stroke increases;
For such farm machinery, in operation process, farm machinery is in addition to traveling wheel is by the running resistance on ground, also Running resistance (such as running resistance of the rotary blade of rotary cultivator by bottom surface, except toothed burclover is the bottom of by formed by Working mechanism The running resistance in face), the stable Working mechanism that operates to of farm machinery forms stable job platform, if the agriculture in gearshift procedure It is interrupted with machine power, causes pause and transition in rhythm or melody of walking, it will cause Working mechanism operating condition is unstable, will cause answering for Working mechanism Power mutation, the stress mutation easily lead to the damage of Working mechanism (rotary blade or cleaning head), and in the operational process of pause and transition in rhythm or melody In, also influence the operation quality of Working mechanism;
When for gear shift the problem of power interruption, it can solve the above problems by way of low or first gear surmounts;But needs make With this component of freewheel clutch, traditional freewheel clutch (including Wedge-type or click structure) components are more, Structure is complex, and radial dimension is larger, and price is higher, main since inner body has trackability, for rolling element or For person's Internal and external cycle raceway, damage is easily caused, service life is shorter, not only increases the manufacturing cost of speed changer, and also increasing makes With and maintenance cost;
Based on problem above, a kind of power-driven system is needed, which not move in gearshift procedure Power is interrupted, and farm machinery operation stability is improved, and is formed stable job platform for Working mechanism, is effectively avoided due to walking Pause and transition in rhythm or melody leads to Working mechanism stress mutation, extends the service life of Working mechanism, and improves the operation quality of Working mechanism;And The gearshift mechanism of the power-driven system can meet or exceed the effect of freewheel clutch, and structure is simple, components are less And be easily obtained, overall dimensions are smaller, compact layout and easily fabricated, raising change little to arrangement space demand in speed changer The service life of fast device and the safe handling of automobile, cost is relatively low for manufacturing cost and working service.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of override type gear interlock power-driven system, which changing Power interruption does not occur during shelves, improves farm machinery operation stability, forms stable job platform for Working mechanism, It effectively avoids leading to Working mechanism stress mutation due to walking pause and transition in rhythm or melody, extends the service life of Working mechanism, and improve working rig The operation quality of structure;And the gearshift mechanism of the power-driven system can meet or exceed the effect of freewheel clutch, knot Structure is simple, components are less and are easily obtained, and overall dimensions are smaller, little to arrangement space demand in speed changer, compact layout And it is easily fabricated, improve the service life of speed changer and the safe handling of automobile, manufacturing cost and working service cost compared with It is low.
Override type gear interlock power-driven system of the invention, including power input shaft, for outputting power to row Walk one axis of power output of structure and two axis of power output for outputting power to Working mechanism, the power input shaft point Power is not input to by two axis of one axis of power output and power output by the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism;
First transmission mechanism includes multiple shifting gear groups, and the multiple shifting gear group respectively includes respective notch Driving gear and driven gear, the driving gear and driven gear are respectively arranged at power input shaft and power output one Axis;
Further include and surmount transmission shaft cooperation surmounts shift mechanism, the transmission shaft that surmounts is power input shaft or power An axis is exported, the shift mechanism that surmounts includes that radially elastic can stretch out and be higher than to surmount transmission shaft outer circle or retraction and be lower than The column for surmounting transmission shaft outer circle surmounts shift block and for surmounting the elastic component that shift block applies radial elastic power, institute to column It states and surmounts transmission shaft equipped with the shift block holding tank for surmounting shift block for accommodating column;
In the shifting gear group of setting with surmount transmission shaft cooperation driving gear or driven gear inner circle is equipped with and column Surmount the radial keyway that shift block matches;The shifting gear of the setting need to surmount rotated on direction when, the column is super More shift block is made column surmount shift block along diameter by driving gear or the radial component of driven gear application, the radial component Surmount to retraction and lower than the formation of transmission shaft outer circle is surmounted.
It further, further include interlocking shift mechanism, the interlocking shift mechanism includes sliding selector shaft and is set to shift fork The first shift fork and the second shift fork to the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism couple drive or separation are respectively used on axis;
First transmission mechanism has an interlocking gear, when the interlocking gear is by the first shift fork couple drive, institute The first shift fork is stated to drive shift fork axle to be axially moved and drive the second shift fork that the separation of the second transmission mechanism is made to disconnect transmission.
Further, it is at least two to be circumferentially arranged at and surmount transmission shaft that the column, which surmounts shift block, the diameter Quantitatively it is equal to or more than column to keyway and surmounts shift block, it is corresponding with column to surmount shift block in phase;The column Surmount shift block and meet and form smooth stress inclined-plane to the side that need to surmount direction, the shifting gear of the setting is in this direction When rotation, the corresponding side surface of the radial direction keyway acts on the smooth stress inclined-plane and forms radial component, so that column Surmount shift block to be radially retracted and surmount lower than the formation of transmission shaft outer circle is surmounted.
Further, the elastic component is column spring, and the shift block holding tank is to extend radially through in surmounting transmission shaft Through slot, the column spring is set in shift block holding tank and both ends respectively correspond and resist a column and surmount shift block, institute It states column and surmounts shift block medial end formation limit deep gouge, column spring both ends are respectively embedded into corresponding column and surmount shift block Limit deep gouge in column surmount shift block formed pretightning force.
Further, second shift fork is fixed on shift fork axle, and what first shift fork can slide axially is set to shift fork Axis, is fixed with interlocking link stopper in the shift fork axle, and the interlocking link stopper is when the first shift fork drives interlocking gear to hang shelves by the One shift fork drives and drives shift fork axle to drive the second shift fork to follow shift fork axle to move axially so that the second transmission mechanism separates Disconnect transmission.
Further, first transmission mechanism includes a shelves gear group until n shelves gear group and interlocking shifting gear group, institute Stating the second transmission mechanism includes the second power gear group;
The one shelves gear group includes one grade of driving gear and first speed driven gear, and n shelves gear group includes n grades of driving gears With n grades of driven gears, interlocking shifting gear group includes mutual backset driving gear and mutual backset driven gear;
For one grade of driving gear until n grade driving gears form n and join gears, the n joins gear with can be by the first shift fork It stirs the mode to slide axially and is driven and be equipped in power input shaft, the first speed driven gear is until n grades of driven gears It is driven and is equipped in the suitable position of one axis of power output, the n grades of driven gear and mutual backset with interlocking driven gear Driven gear is located at the axial sides of n grades of driving gears, when first shift fork stirs n connection gear and slides axially, n grade actives Gear can be used as interlocking driving gear and mutual backset driven gear forms transmission cooperation;
The second power gear group includes the second power driving gear and the second power driven gear, and the second power is actively Gear is driven in a manner of it can be stirred and slide axially by the second shift fork and is equipped in power input shaft, the second power driven tooth Wheel transmission is equipped in two axis of power output.
Further, the diameter in the shifting gear group of setting with the driving gear or driven gear that surmount transmission shaft cooperation The force inclined-plane that force is matched with the stress inclined-plane is formed in side corresponding with stress inclined-plane to keyway, the stress is oblique Face is the inclined-plane that the cambered surface of convex is constituted, and the force inclined-plane is the inclined-plane that plane is constituted.
Further, the position of the interlocking link stopper in shift fork axle the first shift fork stir n connection gear to be linked into mutual backset Before resist interlocking link stopper and interlocking link stopper pushed to drive shift fork axle axial movement when being linked into mutual backset, which drives the Two shift forks stir the second power driving gear, and axially movement is disengaged from the second power driven gear.
It further, further include the sliding duplicate gear and operation drive shaft, power is passed through third by one axis of power output Transmission mechanism is exported to the sliding duplicate gear, and the sliding duplicate gear outputs power to drive shaft, two axis of power output Operation drive shaft is outputted power to, the operation drive shaft outputs power to operation axis.
Further, the third transmission mechanism includes third power gear group, and the third power gear group includes transmission The third driving gear and transmission for being matched with one axis of power output are matched with the third driven gear of the sliding duplicate gear, and described the Four drive mechanisms include the axle sleeve being rotatably assorted with the sliding duplicate gear, transmission be matched in the 4th driving gear and the 4th of axle sleeve Between gear and the 4th driven gear with the transmission cooperation of operation axis, the 4th driving gear is engaged in the second power driven tooth Wheel, the 4th intermediate gear are engaged in the 4th driven gear.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Dynamical system of the invention makes that power interruption does not occur in gearshift procedure, and it is stable to improve farm machinery Property, stable job platform is formed for Working mechanism, effectively avoids leading to Working mechanism stress mutation due to walking pause and transition in rhythm or melody, is extended The service life of Working mechanism, and improve the operation quality of Working mechanism, and mutual backset is set in dynamical system of the invention Position, the gear can be the drive shift of not operation of reversing gear or only walk, which can will be transmitted to automatically on operation axis Power interruption improves the safety of instrument operation, and which is not necessarily to driver's nuisance operation, high reliablity;
The present invention realizes that power failure-free shift, use can radially extend engagement or retraction by override type gear shifting structure The column of (being exceeded) surmounts shift block and realizes engaged transmission and surmount that the design structure can cancel the neutral gear between each gear, greatly The spacing and shift stroke between gear are shortened greatly, compared with existing freewheel clutch, component life is long, structure is simple, Components are less and are easily obtained, and overall dimensions are smaller, little to arrangement space demand in speed changer, compact layout and are easy to make It makes, improves the service life of speed changer and the safe handling of vehicle, cost is relatively low for manufacturing cost and working service.
Gear interlock structure of the present invention can realize the interruption of operation axis power automatically, pass through the mutual stopper being arranged on gear lever Block adjusts the interlocking between two power outputs, and when double dynamical output can freely shift gears and realize the normal operation of setting gear, And can then be disconnected automatically in the required gear for disconnecting the second power output, it avoids in unconventional uses (reversing gear) in the process the The component output (such as cutter) of two output shafts causes to accidentally injure to operator, i.e., during reversing gear or the advance of a certain setting Gear needs to disconnect cutter rotation, so that safety accident is effectively avoided, and simple and practical in structure, not will increase (or will not mistake More increases) equipment manufacturing costs, it needs to disconnect it in setting gear in use suitable for double dynamical export structure In a power structure, be chiefly used in farm machinery and traveling vehicle and incidentally with other operations instrument, especially suitable for Rotary tillage machine, grass trimmer etc..
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 surmounts gearshift radial section schematic diagram for of the invention;
Fig. 3 is I-I schematic cross-sectional view of the invention;
Fig. 4 is II-II schematic cross-sectional view 1 of the invention;
Fig. 5 is II-II schematic cross-sectional view 2 of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the right side view of the first shift fork;
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;Fig. 2 surmounts gearshift radial section schematic diagram for of the invention;Fig. 3 is this Invent I-I schematic cross-sectional view;Fig. 4 is II-II schematic cross-sectional view 1 of the invention;Fig. 5 is II-II section view knot of the invention Structure schematic diagram 2;Fig. 6 is the right side view of the first shift fork;
As shown, the override type gear interlock power-driven system in the present embodiment, including power input shaft 10, it is used for Output power to one axis 20 of power output of walking structure and two axis of power output for outputting power to Working mechanism 30, the power input shaft pass through respectively the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism by power be input to one axis of power output and Two axis of power output;Walking structure is to be made of differential mechanism, two semiaxis and the traveling wheel being installed on two semiaxis;Operation Mechanism is the cutters such as rotary blade, is realized to functions such as the trench digging in soil, weeding, ridging, backfill, rotary tillages;
First transmission mechanism includes multiple shifting gear groups, and the multiple shifting gear group respectively includes respective notch Driving gear and driven gear, the driving gear and driven gear are respectively arranged at power input shaft and power output one Axis;
Further include and surmount transmission shaft cooperation surmounts shift mechanism 70, the transmission shaft that surmounts is power input shaft or dynamic Power exports an axis, and the shift mechanism that surmounts includes radially elasticity stretching out and being higher than and surmount transmission shaft outer circle or retraction and low Surmount shift block 71 in the column for surmounting transmission shaft outer circle and for surmounting the elasticity that shift block applies radial elastic power to column Part 72, the transmission shaft that surmounts are equipped with the shift block holding tank 73 for surmounting shift block for accommodating column;
In the shifting gear group of setting with surmount transmission shaft cooperation driving gear or driven gear inner circle is equipped with and column Surmount the radial keyway 74 that shift block matches;The shifting gear of the setting need to surmount rotated on direction when, the column Surmount the radial component that shift block is applied by driving gear or driven gear, which makes column surmount shift block edge It is radial to be retracted and surmount lower than the formation of transmission shaft outer circle is surmounted.
Elastic component surmounts shift block to column and applies along the elastic force for surmounting transmission shaft radial direction;Driving gear is set to dynamic Power input shaft, driven gear are set to one axis of power output;Elasticity stretches out the pretightning force for referring to having certain, has and is compressed With the structure being ejected;
Setting gear refer to drive system using when need to form the gear surmounted, such as a certain low or first gear, hang The moment low or first gear for entering top gear transmission surmounts, and avoids occurring to hang shelves interference, which makes between each shifting gear not The reserved neutral position of necessity, so that the axial arrangement of speed changer is compact;Surmounting transmission shaft can be power input shaft, power output Axis either jackshaft, can be realized low or first gear and surmounts, details are not described herein;
It further include interlocking shift mechanism in the present embodiment, the interlocking shift mechanism includes sliding selector shaft 60 and setting In be respectively used in shift fork axle the first shift fork 61 to the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism couple drive or separation and Second shift fork 62;
First transmission mechanism has an interlocking gear, when the interlocking gear is by the first shift fork couple drive, institute The first shift fork is stated to drive shift fork axle to be axially moved and drive the second shift fork that the separation of the second transmission mechanism is made to disconnect transmission.
As shown, being illustrated by taking three-speed gearbox as an example in the power-driven system of the present embodiment;As shown in Fig. 2, The present embodiment explanation by taking first speed driven gear setting surmounts shift mechanism as an example surmounts the structure of shift mechanism, set by two grades Surmount that shift mechanism structure is identical, and details are not described herein.
In the present embodiment, it is at least two to be circumferentially arranged at and surmount transmission shaft that the column, which surmounts shift block, institute It states radial keyway and is quantitatively equal to or more than column and surmount shift block, it is corresponding with column to surmount shift block in phase;It is described Column, which surmounts shift block, meets and forms smooth stress inclined-plane 75 to the side that need to surmount direction, and the shifting gear of the setting is at this When rotating on direction, the corresponding side surface of the radial direction keyway acts on the smooth stress inclined-plane and forms radial component, makes Column surmount shift block radially be retracted and lower than surmount transmission shaft outer circle formed surmount.
It is of course also possible to be that radial keyway forms inclined-plane, and it is smooth spherical surface or two that column, which surmounts shift block top, Person is respectively formed inclined-plane, is also able to achieve goal of the invention;Arrow direction in directional diagram need to be surmounted, i.e., based on first speed driven gear 21 The dynamic rotation direction of turn is also possible to surmount transmission shaft rotation, formed first speed driven gear 21 relative to surmounting transmission shaft Rotation in figure signified arrow direction refer to when a direction rotates, it is necessary to form the direction surmounted;It meets to need to surmount The side in direction refers to the one side of the stress when surmounting operation, which acts on the stress inclined-plane, is formed along super The more radial power of transmission shaft cannot then be formed so that column surmounts shift block and elastic force is overcome to be retracted shift block holding tank 73 Transmission engagement, formation surmount structure;Surmount transmission shaft periphery when column surmounts gear shift stretching shift block holding tank 73 and is higher than, It is engaged with the radial keyway of the shifting gear of setting gear in the engaged transmission direction contrary with surmounting, then it can be normal Transmission, quantity that details are not described herein,
The radial direction keyway is preferably equal to column in quantity and surmounts shift block;Correspondence refers to the one of installation position in phase Cause property avoids that engaged transmission can not be formed, refers to that distribution in a circumferential direction aloows column to surmount shift block 71 It engages into;Column surmounts shift block and is generally two, is set to using symmetrical mode and surmounts transmission shaft;Column surmounts Shift block due to using column structure, when transmission with surmount transmission shaft entirety stress, size can be set according to stress, be avoided Existing freewheel clutch rolling element be squeezed it is easily-deformable caused by scrap problem.
In this structure, will surmount shift mechanism and be set to one grade of driving gear and two grades of driving gears can realize invention mesh , goal of the invention can also be realized by being set to first speed driven gear and two grades of driven gears, therefore, the power input shaft and power Output shaft can select one and surmount transmission shaft to be described;In the present embodiment using one axis of power output as surmounting transmission shaft, one grade Driven gear is until n grades of driven tooth transmissions are matched with one axis of power output, and the first speed driven gear is until n-1 grades of driven gears On be respectively arranged with and surmount shift mechanism;Small―gap suture is noiseless sets side by side until n grade driven gears are along axial directions for first speed driven gear It sets, small―gap suture is noiseless to be set side by side and refer to be arranged between gear with the smallest spacing, and glitch-free each autorotation is simultaneously Do not interfere or rubs;Due to the setting for surmounting shift mechanism of the invention, without being hung in the state that low or first gear completely disengages Enter top gear, there is no need to which neutral position is arranged, so that structure is further compact;In the moment that two grades have just been linked into, one grade is not Completely disengaged, one grade in surmounting state at this time, in the state that two grades are linked into completely, then one grade it is completely disengaged, similarly in third gear The moment being just linked into, two grades not completely disengaged, is not repeating specifically.
In the present embodiment, the elastic component be column spring, the shift block holding tank be extend radially through in surmount transmission The through slot of axis, the column spring is set in shift block holding tank and both ends respectively correspond and resist a column and surmount gear shift Block, the column surmount shift block medial end and form limit deep gouge 77, and it is super that column spring both ends are respectively embedded into corresponding column Shift block more is surmounted to column in the limit deep gouge of shift block and forms pretightning force;The structure forms radial limit to column spring, It ensure that the uniformity of force, to guarantee the overall performance of structure.
In the present embodiment, in the shifting gear group of setting with surmount transmission shaft cooperation driving gear or driven gear institute It states radial keyway and forms the force inclined-plane 76 for matching force with the stress inclined-plane 75, institute in side corresponding with stress inclined-plane The inclined-plane that the cambered surface that stress inclined-plane is convex is constituted is stated, the force inclined-plane is the inclined-plane that plane is constituted.
The cooperation on stress inclined-plane and force inclined-plane, the ride comfort of stress when guaranteeing to surmount, eliminates motion artifacts and noise; Then inclination angle refers to that arc both ends connect on the inclined-plane that the inclination angle on stress inclined-plane and force inclined-plane is generally formed at 45 ° or so if it is cambered surface The inclination angle of line avoids the excessive influence bearing capacity of angle, and the inclination angle on force inclined-plane here refers to the angle with radial direction, The inclination angle on stress inclined-plane refers to the angle for surmounting shift block longitudinal midline with column;Stress inclined-plane is the cambered surface of convex, should Cambered surface is not limited in circular arc, can be paraboloidal at approximate arcuation, to be applied by force surface by globoidal structure super More power when it is more smooth, reduce pivoting friction.
In the present embodiment, second shift fork 62 is fixed on shift fork axle, and what first shift fork 61 can slide axially sets It is placed in shift fork axle, interlocking link stopper 63 is fixed in the shift fork axle, the interlocking link stopper drives interlocking gear in the first shift fork It is driven when hanging shelves by the first shift fork and drives shift fork axle to drive the second shift fork to follow shift fork axle to move axially so that second passes Dynamic organizational separation disconnects transmission.
The interlocking gear is reverse gear or drive shift of only walking, two axis of power output, 30 power output to operation axis; The walking drive shift refers to the walking of driving rotary cultivator and rotary tillage cutter does not work i.e. two axis unpowered output of power output Gear;
In the present embodiment, first transmission mechanism includes a shelves gear group until n shelves gear group and interlocking shifting gear Group, second transmission mechanism include the second power gear group;
The one shelves gear group includes one grade of driving gear and first speed driven gear, and n shelves gear group includes n grades of driving gears With n grades of driven gears, interlocking shifting gear group includes mutual backset driving gear and mutual backset driven gear;
For one grade of driving gear until n grade driving gears form n and join gears, the n joins gear with can be by the first shift fork It stirs the mode to slide axially and is driven and be equipped in power input shaft, the first speed driven gear is until n grades of driven gears It is driven and is equipped in the suitable position of one axis of power output, the n grades of driven gear and mutual backset with interlocking driven gear Driven gear is located at the axial sides of n grades of driving gears, when first shift fork stirs n connection gear and slides axially, n grade actives Gear can be used as interlocking driving gear and mutual backset driven gear forms transmission cooperation;
The second power gear group includes the second power driving gear 14 and the second power driven gear 31, the second power Driving gear is driven in a manner of it can be stirred and slide axially by the second shift fork and is equipped in power input shaft 10, the second power Driven gear transmission is equipped in two axis 30 of power output.
It is reverse gear that shifting gear group is interlocked in the present embodiment, between the mutual backset driving gear and mutual backset driven gear It is additionally provided with for changing the reverse idler gear 25 of mutual backset driven gear transmission direction;Mutual backset driving gear is to reverse gear Driving gear, mutual backset driven gear are the driven gear that reverses gear, and the n connection gear can pass through the free-sliding spline of the long spline of setting Sliding axially along free-sliding spline axis i.e. power input shaft when axis realization is stirred by the first shift fork;First speed driven gear is until n grades Driven gear and interlocking driven gear are set to suitable position, so that the first speed driven gear is up to n grades of driven gears and mutually Backset driven gear can be joined sliding axially for gear by n and hang up corresponding gear to be engaged transmission;
Here n shelves refer to the gear of not specific quantity, until the n grades of each gears referred to from one grade to n grades, Also having two grades between one grade and n grades ..., n-1 grades etc., details are not described herein;
The position of the interlocking link stopper in shift fork axle stirs the first shift fork before n connection gear is linked into mutual backset to resist mutually Backset block simultaneously pushes interlocking link stopper to drive shift fork axle axial movement when being linked into mutual backset, which drives the second shift fork to dial Axially movement is disengaged from dynamic second power driving gear with the second power driving gear.
Third speed drive gear 13 is also as interlocking driving gear and mutual backset driven tooth in n grades of driving gear, that is, the present embodiment Wheel forms transmission cooperation, i.e., is third gear forward, when third gear driving tooth when third speed drive gear is engaged with third gear driven gear It is reverse gear when wheel is engaged with reverse idler gear 25, reverse gear can reduce gear quantity as interlocking gear, the structure, so that dynamic Power-driven system is compact-sized, and reduces cost.
In the present embodiment, the mutual backset driving gear is n grades of driving gears, and n grades of driving gears are relative to one grade of master Until n grades of driving gears are located at the distal end of the second power driving gear, interlocking link stopper 63 is located at moving gear relative to the first shift fork The distal end of second shift fork, first shift fork is used to stir mutual backset driving gear and realizes sliding axially for n connection gear, and passes through One limit hole, which is slidably matched, is set to shift fork axle, wherein interlocking link stopper is an annular flange, positioned at the left side of the first shift fork, connection In changing sliding selector shaft left end, the right end of sliding selector shaft is located in the guide sleeve 81 of 80 inner sidewall of driving box, guide sleeve one Molding is connected to gear-box case, and sliding selector shaft forms support and guiding by the first shift fork, the second shift fork and guide sleeve.
One grade of driving gear is until be set with spacing between n grades of driving gears, which makes at certain on the n connection gear When one gear is driven, the driving gear and driven gear of remaining gear are in discrete state;As shown, in triple gear, one Shelves driving gear, two grades spacing is set between driving gear and third speed drive gear, to guarantee one grade of driving gear and one grade When driven gear engages, two grades and third gear disengagement disengage although being not necessarily required to low or first gear in the moment for being linked into top gear, It when complete top gear is advanced, needs so that low or first gear is completely disengaged, avoids surmounting shift mechanism and surmount rotation for a long time and cause must not The abrasion wanted;The spacing of aforementioned setting has difference according to the difference of gear number, under conditions of technical solution of the present invention, energy Enough to obtain, details are not described herein.
Power-driven system is applied to agricultural machinery or rotary cultivator in the present embodiment, and n=3 in the present embodiment, i.e., described first passes Motivation structure include a shelves gear group, intermediate gear group and third gear group, as interlocking gear reverse gearset, described second Transmission mechanism includes the second power gear group
The one shelves gear group includes one grade of driving gear 11 and first speed driven gear 21, and intermediate gear group includes two grades of masters Moving gear 12 and two grades of driven gears 22, third gear group include third speed drive gear 13 and third gear driven gear 23, reverse gear tooth Wheel group includes reverse driving gear i.e. third speed drive gear 13 and reverse gear driven gear 24, the reverse driving gear 13 and reverse gear It is additionally provided between driven gear 24 for changing the reverse idler gear 25 of 24 transmission direction of reverse gear driven gear;Described one grade Gear set, intermediate gear group, intermediate gear group, reverse gearset are engaged when each gear needs;
One grade of driving gear, 11, two grades of driving gears 12 and the formation triple gear of third speed drive gear 13, described three Be followed successively by one grade of driving gear from right to left on connection gear until third speed drive gear, one grade of driving gear on triple gear until Neutral gear distance is reserved between third speed drive gear;The triple gear by the first shift fork 61 in a manner of it can be stirred and slide axially Transmission is equipped in power input shaft, and one axis 20 of power output is disposed with 21, two grades of first speed driven gear from right to left Driven gear 22, third gear driven gear 23 and reverse gear driven gear 24, aforementioned four gear be driven be equipped with it is defeated in power The suitable position of an axis 20 out, so that 21, two grades of driven gears 22 of the first speed driven gear, third gear driven gear 23 and reverse gear Driven gear 24 can hang up corresponding gear by sliding axially for triple gear to be engaged transmission;
The second power gear group includes the second power driving gear 14 and the second power driven gear 31, the second power Driving gear 14 is located at the right side of one grade of driving gear 11, and it is right that the second power driven gear 31 is located at first speed driven gear 21 Side;In the present embodiment, the second power gear group is cutter power gear group, and the second power driving gear 14 and the second power Driven gear 31 is then cutter transmission gear accordingly, for rotary cultivator, grass trimmer etc.;Second power driving gear 14 is with can quilt Second shift fork 62, which is stirred the mode to slide axially and is driven, to be equipped in power input shaft 10, and the second power driven gear 31 passes It is dynamic to be equipped in two axis 30 of power output;The second power driving gear 14 is located at the right side of one grade of driving gear 11 and pre- Reserve the set distance of needs out of supply;
In the present embodiment, position of the interlocking link stopper 63 in shift fork axle makes the first shift fork 61 stir n connection gear extension Interlocking link stopper is resisted before entering mutual backset and pushes interlocking link stopper that shift fork axle 60 is driven to move axially when being linked into mutual backset, the axial direction The second shift fork 62 of mobile drive is stirred the axial movement of the second power driving gear 14 and is disengaged from the second power driven gear 31.
First shift fork 61 is used to stir the axial direction that reverse driving gear i.e. third speed drive gear 13 realizes triple gear Sliding, and be slidably matched by a limit hole 611 and be set to shift fork axle 60;First shift fork 61 is close to 60 concave end of shift fork axle The external groove axially penetrated through is formed, the recessed empty part of the external groove is in U-shape;The limit hole 611 is set to the slot of external groove The axial sliding fit of bottom and formation and shift fork axle 60;Axial direction described herein refers to the axial direction along shift fork axle 60;As shown, institute The recessed empty part for stating external groove is that U-shaped refers to that the recessed empty part of the external groove of the first shift fork 61 is shown as the shape of alphabetical " U ";It is described Shift fork axle 60 is placed in the slot bottom of U-shaped groove and can slide axially along the slot bottom of U-shaped groove;First shift fork 61 is defeated close to power Enter 10 concave end of axis and form inner groovy, the recessed empty part of the inner groovy is rectangle or inverted U-shaped;The inner groovy is rectangle or falls U-shaped refers to the shape that the recessed empty part of shift fork axle 60 is shown as rectangular shape or letter U is stood upside down;Conducive to do not influencing third gear actively Triple gear is stirred under the premise of transmission direction is driven clockwise or counterclockwise on gear edge;The interlocking link stopper 63 have than The bigger size of limit hole 611, in favor of compactedness, stability under the premise of tangling to the first shift fork 61, to enable to First shift fork 61, which is stirred, can resist interlocking link stopper 63 before triple gear is linked into reverse gear and push interlocking link stopper when being linked into reverse gear It drives shift fork axle 60 to move axially, and guarantees that the axial movement drives the second shift fork 62 to stir the second power driving gear 14 axially It is mobile to be disengaged from the second power driven gear 31;The interlocking link stopper 63 is specially an annular flange, is located at first The left side of shift fork 61;The interlocking link stopper 63 is set to the left part of shift fork axle 60, close to the first shift fork 61 and far from second group Fork 62, the interlocking link stopper can be regular texture, can also be irregular eutectic, preferably annular flange structure, the convex annular The diameter of edge be greater than limit hole 611 diameter, in favor of compactedness, stability under the premise of tangling to the first shift fork 61;
The second power driving gear 14 close to triple gear end along transmission direction clockwise or counterclockwise be provided with The compatible annular recess 141 in second shift fork, 63 bottom;Second shift fork bottom described herein refers to the second shift fork close to power One end of 10 axis of input shaft;The groove depth of the annular recess setting makes the second shift fork that can drag the second power driving gear along dynamic Power input shaft slides axially;Conducive to not influencing dynamic second power driving gear edge, transmission direction is driven clockwise or counterclockwise Under the premise of, it can be realized to the out of supply of dynamic second power driving gear by stirring the second shift fork and hang shelves;
First shift fork moved along shift fork axle stir one grade of driving gear 11 of triple gear put in first gear position with one grade from When moving gear 21 engages, two grades of driving gears 12 and third speed drive gear 13 are located at non-engagement state, the second power driving gear 14 engage and in running order or stirred and separate by the second shift fork 62 with the second power driven gear 31;When the first shift fork 61 It moves right, when stirring two grades of driving gears 12 of triple gear and being linked into two gears and engaged with two grades of driven gears 22, one grade of active Gear 11 and third speed drive gear 13 are located at non-engagement state, and the second power driving gear 14 is nibbled with the second power driven gear 31 Merge in running order or separation is stirred by the second shift fork 62;When the first shift fork 61 continues to move right, three teeth are stirred When wheel third speed drive gear 13 is linked into three gears and engages with third gear driven gear 23, one grade of driving gear 11 and two grades of driving gears 12 are located at non-engagement state, and the second power driving gear 14 engages and in running order or logical with the second power driven gear 31 It crosses the second shift fork 62 and stirs separation;When the first shift fork 61 is moved to the left from a file location, triple gear third speed drive gear is stirred 13 are linked into reverse gear position when engaging with reverse idler gear 25, the first shift fork 61 push to the left interlocking link stopper 63 drive shift fork axle 60 to Move left, drive the second shift fork 62 be moved to the left and stir the second power driving gear 14 along power input shaft 10 be moved to the left with Second power driven gear 31 is disengaged from, at this time cutter not rotary work;Cutter during reverse gear is avoided to rotate to operation Person causes to accidentally injure, to avoid safety accident, improves machine service life.
It further include the sliding duplicate gear 40 and operation drive shaft 50 in the present embodiment, one axis of power output is by power It is exported by third transmission mechanism to the sliding duplicate gear, the sliding duplicate gear outputs power to drive shaft, the power It exports two axis and outputs power to operation drive shaft, the operation drive shaft outputs power to operation axis;The sliding duplicate gear is used In installation traveling wheel, wherein the sliding duplicate gear is two semiaxis in the present embodiment;Operation axis is for installing cutter;
In the present embodiment, the third transmission mechanism includes third power gear group, and the third power gear group includes Transmission is matched with the third driving gear 26 of one axis of power output and is driven the third driven gear for being matched with the sliding duplicate gear 41, the 4th drive mechanism includes the axle sleeve 42 being rotatably assorted with the sliding duplicate gear, is driven the 4th active for being matched with axle sleeve Gear 43 and the 4th intermediate gear 44 and the 4th driven gear 51 cooperated with the transmission of operation axis, the 4th driving gear 43 It is engaged in the second power driven gear 31, the 4th intermediate gear 44 is engaged in the 4th driven gear 51.
As shown in Figure 1,40 parallel side-by-side of the sliding duplicate gear, in two axis 30 of one axis 20 of power output and power output, operation is driven 50 parallel side-by-side of moving axis is located at the right side of first speed driven gear 21 in the sliding duplicate gear 40, third driving gear 26, and third is driven Gear 41, the 4th intermediate gear 44, the 4th driving gear 43 are axially sequentially arranged from left to right in the sliding duplicate gear 40, and power can From power input shaft 10, one axis 20 of power output and to pass sequentially through third driving gear 26, third driven gear 41 defeated by power Out to the sliding duplicate gear 40 for drive walking, power can also from power input shaft 10, two axis 30 of power output and pass through second Power driven gear 31, the 4th driving gear 43, axle sleeve 42, the 4th intermediate gear 44, the 4th driven gear 51 output power To operation drive shaft 50 for driving rotary blade operation, wherein the power of the sliding duplicate gear and operation drive shaft passes through first group The transmitting and interruption of power are realized in the shift of fork 61 and the second shift fork 62;
As shown in figure 3, the sliding duplicate gear 40, which passes through first bevel gear 91, outputs power to walking differential mechanism 92 and by difference Fast device outputs power to driving of two realizations of semiaxis 93 to wheel, which has differential lock function, to prevent wheel It skids;
As shown in figure 4, operation drive shaft 50 outputs power to two operation semiaxis 95 by second bevel gear 94, two Operation semiaxis axis is mutually in 90-180 ° of angle, and two operation semiaxis end transmissions are combined with semi-axle bevel gear, second bevel gear 94 engage with two semi-axle bevel gears and drive to power synchronous on two operation semiaxis, two operation semiaxis be installed on make it is out of trade On shell 96, mountable various cutters on two operation semiaxis are realized to function such as the trench digging in soil, weeding, ridging, backfill, rotary tillages Energy;
As shown in figure 5, being another embodiment of Working mechanism, operation drive shaft 50 is defeated by power by second bevel gear 94 Out to operation axis 97, transmission cooperation is equipped with operation shaft bevel gears on operation axis, and second bevel gear 94 is engaged with the operation bevel gear Power is transferred on operation axis, wherein the mountable various cutters in the both ends of operation axis, realizes to the trench digging in soil, weeding, rises The functions such as ridge, backfill, rotary tillage;
In the present embodiment, power input shaft 10, two axis 30 of power output, the sliding duplicate gear 40, is made one axis 20 of power output Industry drive shaft 50, semiaxis 93, operation semiaxis 95 and operation axis 97 are installed in driving box 80, and each axis passes through bearing support simultaneously It is installed in driving box 80, is not repeating specifically;
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this In the scope of the claims of invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of override type gear interlock power-driven system, it is characterised in that: including power input shaft, for outputing power Two axis of power output to one axis of power output of walking structure and for outputting power to Working mechanism, the power input Axis passes through the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism respectively and power is input to two axis of one axis of power output and power output;
First transmission mechanism includes multiple shifting gear groups, and the multiple shifting gear group respectively includes the master of respective notch Moving gear and driven gear, the driving gear and driven gear are respectively arranged at one axis of power input shaft and power output;
Further include and surmount transmission shaft cooperation surmounts shift mechanism, the transmission shaft that surmounts is power input shaft or power output One axis, the shift mechanism that surmounts includes radially elasticity stretching out and surmounting higher than surmounting transmission shaft outer circle or retraction and being lower than The column of transmission shaft outer circle surmounts shift block and for surmounting the elastic component that shift block applies radial elastic power to column, described super More transmission shaft is equipped with the shift block holding tank for surmounting shift block for accommodating column;
It is equipped in the shifting gear group of setting with the driving gear or driven gear inner circle for surmounting transmission shaft cooperation and surmounts with column The radial keyway that shift block matches;The shifting gear of the setting need to surmount rotated on direction when, the column, which surmounts, changes The radial component that link stopper is applied by driving gear or driven gear, the radial component column surmount shift block radially to contract Into and lower than surmount transmission shaft outer circle formation surmount.
2. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include interlocking gear shift Mechanism, the interlocking shift mechanism include that sliding selector shaft and being set in shift fork axle is respectively used to the first transmission mechanism and Two transmission mechanism couple drives or the first shift fork and the second shift fork of separation;
First transmission mechanism has an interlocking gear, when the interlocking gear is by the first shift fork couple drive, described the One shift fork drives shift fork axle to be axially moved and drives the second shift fork that the separation of the second transmission mechanism is made to disconnect transmission.
3. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the column, which surmounts, changes Link stopper is circumferentially arranged at at least two surmounts transmission shaft, and the radial direction keyway is quantitatively super equal to or more than column More shift block, it is corresponding in phase with column to surmount shift block;The column surmounts shift block and meets to the side that need to surmount direction Smooth stress inclined-plane is formed, when the shifting gear of the setting rotates in this direction, the corresponding side surface of the radial direction keyway It acts on the smooth stress inclined-plane and forms radial component, so that column surmounts shift block and is radially retracted and lower than surmounting The formation of transmission shaft outer circle surmounts.
4. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the elastic component is column Shape spring, the shift block holding tank are to extend radially through in the through slot for surmounting transmission shaft, and the column spring is set to shift block In holding tank and both ends, which respectively correspond, to be resisted a column and surmounts shift block, and the column surmounts shift block medial end and forms limit Position deep gouge, column spring both ends, which are respectively embedded into corresponding column and surmount in the limit deep gouge of shift block, surmounts shift block shape to column At pretightning force.
5. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: second shift fork is solid Due to shift fork axle, what first shift fork can slide axially is set to shift fork axle, and mutual backset is fixed in the shift fork axle Block, the interlocking link stopper are driven by the first shift fork when the first shift fork drives interlocking gear to hang shelves and drive shift fork axle to drive Shift fork axle is followed to move axially for second shift fork so that the separation of the second transmission mechanism disconnects transmission.
6. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: first driver Structure includes a shelves gear group until n shelves gear group and interlocking shifting gear group, second transmission mechanism include the second power teeth Wheel group;
The one shelves gear group includes one grade of driving gear and first speed driven gear, and n shelves gear group includes n grades of driving gears and n Shelves driven gear, interlocking shifting gear group includes mutual backset driving gear and mutual backset driven gear;
One grade of driving gear is until n grades of driving gears form n and join gear, and the n connection gear by the first shift fork can be stirred The mode to slide axially, which is driven, to be equipped in power input shaft, and the first speed driven gear is up to n grades of driven gears and mutually Lock driven gear, which is driven, to be equipped in the suitable position of one axis of power output, and the n grades of driven gear and mutual backset are driven Gear is located at the axial sides of n grades of driving gears, when first shift fork stirs n connection gear and slides axially, n grades of driving gears It can be used as interlocking driving gear and mutual backset driven gear form transmission cooperation;
The second power gear group includes the second power driving gear and the second power driven gear, the second power driving gear It is driven and is equipped in power input shaft in a manner of it can be stirred and slide axially by the second shift fork, the second power driven gear passes It is dynamic to be equipped in two axis of power output.
7. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the shifting gear of setting In group and surmount the driving gear of transmission shaft cooperation or the radial keyway of driven gear in side corresponding with stress inclined-plane The force inclined-plane that force is matched with the stress inclined-plane is formed, the stress inclined-plane is the inclined-plane that the cambered surface of convex is constituted, The force inclined-plane is the inclined-plane that plane is constituted.
8. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the interlocking link stopper exists Position in shift fork axle the first shift fork stir n connection gear and be linked into before mutual backset to resist interlocking link stopper and when being linked into mutual backset Interlocking link stopper is pushed to drive shift fork axle axial movement, it is axial which drives the second shift fork to stir the second power driving gear Movement is disengaged from the second power driven gear.
9. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: further include hoofing part Axis and operation drive shaft, one axis of power output exports power to the sliding duplicate gear by third transmission mechanism, described The sliding duplicate gear outputs power to drive shaft, and two axis of power output outputs power to operation drive shaft, the work Industry drive shaft outputs power to operation axis.
10. override type gear interlock power-driven system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the third transmission Mechanism includes third power gear group, and the third power gear group includes that transmission is matched with the third of one axis of power output actively Gear and transmission are matched with the third driven gear of the sliding duplicate gear, and the 4th drive mechanism includes turning with the sliding duplicate gear The axle sleeve of dynamic cooperation is driven the 4th driving gear for being matched with axle sleeve and the 4th intermediate gear and is driven cooperation with operation axis 4th driven gear, the 4th driving gear are engaged in the second power driven gear, and the 4th intermediate gear is engaged in Four driven gears.
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