CN110528026A - A kind of lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method - Google Patents

A kind of lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110528026A
CN110528026A CN201910851298.XA CN201910851298A CN110528026A CN 110528026 A CN110528026 A CN 110528026A CN 201910851298 A CN201910851298 A CN 201910851298A CN 110528026 A CN110528026 A CN 110528026A
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lead
lead plaster
solid phase
cathode
electrolysis
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CN201910851298.XA
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佟永顺
张正洁
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Zhongke Findlead Xindi Low Carbon Digital Technology (Liaoning) Co.,Ltd.
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Shenyang Xindi Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910851298.XA priority Critical patent/CN110528026A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/18Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of lead
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/02Electrodes; Connections thereof

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis methods, the method is characterized in that the lead plaster for adjusting moisture is fitted into cathode carrier as cathode, using lead alloy plate as anode, anode and cathode, which is alternatively arranged, is put into electrolytic cell, using dilute sulfuric acid as electrolyte, direct current is passed to, various lead compounds are all reduced to metallic lead in lead plaster.The problem of present invention solves a large amount of sulfate radicals in lead plaster in the prior art and consumes high price alkali generation low price sulfate during alkaline electrolysis, and alkaline consumption and sulfate recycling greatly improve production cost.Above-mentioned cost can be eliminated using acid Solid phase electrolysis, reduce overall cost.The present invention uses acidic electrolysis, and electrolyte substitutes sodium hydroxide with diluted acid salt, adjusts electrode material, and production cost can be greatly reduced, and promotes economic benefit.

Description

A kind of lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method
Technical field
The present invention relates to lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis methods, belong to metallurgical environmental protection technical field.
Background technique
In metallurgical environmental protection technical field, Solid phase electrolysis technology generallys use alkaline electrolysis, and lead plaster alkalinity Solid phase electrolysis returns When receiving lead, the sulfate radical in lead plaster is completely converted into sulfate and consumes a large amount of alkali, and the recycling energy consumption of sulfate is also higher, makes this Technology cost recovery is higher.
Solid phase electrolysis technical industry application at present is mainly used for the lead powder material disposition in waste and old lead acid accumulator recycling lead, Lead powder material is adjusted into moisture mixing paste, is filled on cathode plate, as cathode, using stainless steel as anode, in alkaline electrolyte Be electrolysed, various lead compounds are all reduced to metal lead powder under the action of direct current in cathode lead plaster, sulfate radical then or Pre- desulfurization, or enter electrolyte and form sodium sulphate, as electrolysis carries out, when sodium sulphate reaches a certain concentration in electrolyte, pass through It is concentrated by evaporation or decrease temperature crystalline mode separates, mother liquor returns to electrolyte, and alkali needs regular replenishment to keep electrolyte concentrations requirement.
1186478 C waste lead battery lead recovery process of notification number CN, electrolyte use NaOH solution;Notification number CN 100576626 C disclose a kind of process of achievable full cycle regeneration of lead acid battery, notification number CN 102296325 B provide process for treating waste lead accumulator through continuous solid phase electrolysis of rotating cathode, 104711637 B of notification number CN It is a kind of from the patents such as method for recycling metallic lead in solid oxidation lead, lead compound, electrolysis are restored using Solid phase electrolysis method Liquid all uses NaOH solution.
Above-mentioned alkali formula electrolytic method can realize high current density, and technology maturation is stablized, but lead oxides are dissolved in after alkali in yin It is extremely upper to be precipitated, easily cause anode and cathode short-circuit, slot pressure should not be made to be difficult to decrease using smaller same pole span electrolysis, and alkaline consumption cost compared with Height influences technical industryization popularization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis methods, to solve to use alkaline electro in the prior art Drawback brought by solving.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method will adjust moisture Lead plaster be fitted into cathode carrier as cathode, using lead alloy plate as anode, anode and cathode, which is alternatively arranged, is put into electrolytic cell, with diluted acid salt Solution is electrolyte, passes to direct current, and various lead compounds are all reduced to metallic lead in lead plaster.
Further: the cathode carrier material is acid resistant metal material.
Further: the cathode carrier material is stainless steel or titanium or metal.
Further: the anode material is acidproof oxidation resistant material.
Further: the anode material is lead or metal or titanium or graphite.
Further: diluted acid salting liquid is sulfuric acid concentration 0 ~ 30%, sulfate concentration 0 ~ 10%, phosphoric acid concentration 0 ~ 20%, phosphoric acid The arbitrary proportion mixed solution of salinity 0 ~ 10%.
Further: the electrolysis mode of Solid phase electrolysis is constant-potential electrolysis or constant-current electrolysis or constant voltage and current limiting electrolysis mode.
The invention has the advantages that it is acidic electrolysis that the present invention, which changes alkaline electrolysis, electrolyte is directly torn open using used and scrapped battery The Waste Sulfuric Acid for solving output can be properly added phosphoric acid, sulfate, phosphate according to its concentration, alkali, nothing are not consumed during Solid phase electrolysis The high cost of alkaline consumption;It is not necessarily to desulfurization conversion before lead plaster electroreduction, shortens process flow, reduces process, without sorbent consumption, reduces Cost;The sulfate radical that lead sulfate electroreduction generates in lead plaster forms sulfuric acid, improves sulfuric acid concentration in electrolyte, is conducive to spent acid Comprehensive utilization;Lead oxide forms the lead sulfate insoluble in electrolyte in sulfuric acid and lead plaster, solves solvable lead electrode in electrolyte Precipitation causes anode and cathode short circuit problem, eliminate cathode fall off lead plaster and go out, tankage when lead plaster dissolve influence to electrolysis procedure, Same pole span can suitably be reduced, reduce slot pressure, improve current efficiency, reduce and manage labor intensity on slot.
The present invention uses acidic electrolysis, and electrolyte substitutes sodium hydroxide with diluted acid salt, adjusts electrode material, can substantially drop Low production cost promotes economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
Lath is cut into thick 304 stainless steel plates of 2mm and is welded cathode carrier, and processing dimension is 60 × 90 × 30mm;Take 1mm thickness lead calcium Alloy sheets are cut into two pieces of 60 × 120mm as anode plate;Storage battery coating plate scrap lead cream is taken, (being also possible to other scrap lead cream) adjustment Mass content to moisture is 20%, is applied in filling cathode carrier, and 60 × 90 × 30mm of cathode plate is made, and the lead plaster amount of filling is 360g; Density 1.05g/cm is poured into 1000ml beaker3Waste sulfuric acid solution, be added 10ml phosphoric acid, cathode-anode plate is put into rear liquid level It is higher by cathode plate 10mm;Cathode is connected with rectifier cathode, and anode is connect with rectifier anode, checks errorless rear power transmission, adjustment Slot pressure is 2.45V, and electric current is gradually increased by small, and current fluctuation becomes smaller and slowly drops after maintaining a period of time when reaching 6.8A or so It is low, it was electrolysed through 20 hours, electric current is down to 1.6A, stops electrolysis at this time, takes out cathode and unloads lead powder inspection, various lead in former lead plaster Compound is all reduced to metallic lead.
Embodiment 2
Using upper example cathode-anode plate, the lead plaster amount of filling is identical, and density 1.10g/cm is poured into 1000ml beaker3Waste Sulfuric Acid it is molten 10g anhydrous sodium sulfate is added in liquid, and liquid level is higher by cathode plate 10mm after cathode-anode plate is put into beaker;Pole plate is connect with rectifier, Check the errorless rear power transmission of anode and cathode connection, adjustment electric current is 4.5A, and beginning voltage is higher, then rapid decrease, reaches the left side 2.4V It tending towards stability when right and is slowly increased after maintaining a period of time, was electrolysed through 18 hours, voltage reaches 2.6V, stop electrolysis at this time, It takes out cathode and unloads lead powder inspection, various lead compounds are all reduced to metallic lead in former lead plaster.
Embodiment 3
Lath is cut into thick 304 stainless steel plates of 2mm and is welded cathode carrier 2, and processing dimension is 300 × 450 × 30mm;Take 2mm Thick lead-antimony alloy plate is cut into tri- pieces of 320 × 500mm as anode plate;It takes the pole plate of scrap battery to remove lower lead plaster and crushes, adjust Whole moisture 18% applies in filling cathode carrier, and the lead plaster amount of filling is 9.5kg;It is poured into 500 × 800 × 600mm electrolytic cell beaker Density 1.10g/cm3Waste sulfuric acid solution, cathode-anode plate is put into rear liquid level and is higher by 10 ~ 20mm of cathode plate;Pole plate and rectifier Connection checks the errorless rear power transmission of anode and cathode connection, and adjustment tank pressure is 2.45V, and electric current is gradually increased by small, reaches current limit 300A time limit galvanic electricity solution simultaneously slowly reduces after maintaining a period of time, is electrolysed through 22 hours, and electric current is down to 80A, stops electrolysis at this time, It takes out cathode and unloads lead powder inspection, various lead compounds are all reduced to metallic lead in former lead plaster.
To sum up, the present invention is with the acid resistant metal materials processing and fabricating cathode carrier such as stainless steel, titanium or metal, as lead plaster Container and conductive current collector, all cathode carrier sizes are consistent.With the acidproof oxidation resistant material processing such as lead and its alloy, titanium, graphite Make anode plate, anode plate suqare and cathode carrier lead plaster coating area equation or appropriate scaling, all anode plate area sizes one It causes.Lead plaster adjusts moisture to being suitble to fill degree, is packed into that cathode carrier is tamped and both side surface smoothes out, and cathode plate is made, lead plaster is thick Spend that uniform and all pole plates are identical, and lead plaster thickness is generally 10 ~ 50mm.Diluted acid salting liquid, the diluted acid are added into electrolytic cell Salting liquid mass concentration is sulfuric acid concentration 0 ~ 30%, in sulfate concentration 0 ~ 10%, phosphoric acid concentration 0 ~ 20%, phosphate concn 0 ~ 10% One or more kinds of arbitrary proportions mixing, liquid level can cover pole plate after cathode-anode plate and be advisable to be packed into, electricity Solution liquid can be recycled in a manner of upper entering and lower leaving or bottom in and top out.Cathode-anode plate is alternatively arranged and is placed in electrolytic cell, plate face is parallel And center is aligned, cathode-anode plate is connected respectively with conducting wire or conductive plate, is connect with rectifier, anode plate is connected with anode, cathode Plate is connected with cathode, and power transmission electrolysis is until cathode lead compound is all reduced to metal lead powder.It can be adopted during Solid phase electrolysis The modes such as it is electrolysed with constant-potential electrolysis, constant-current electrolysis and constant voltage and current limiting, because constant-potential electrolysis pilot process electric current is larger, and constant-current electrolysis Start and latter stage voltage is higher, when practical operation is relatively difficult to achieve, and constant voltage and current limiting electrolysis mode is proper.
It is acidic electrolysis that the present invention, which changes alkaline electrolysis, and electrolyte directly uses the Waste Sulfuric Acid of used and scrapped battery dismantling output, Phosphoric acid, sulfate, phosphate are optionally added, alkali, no high cost of alkaline consumption are not consumed during Solid phase electrolysis;Nothing before lead plaster electroreduction Desulfurization conversion is needed, process flow is shortened, reducing process without sorbent consumption reduces cost;Lead sulfate electroreduction produces in lead plaster Raw sulfate radical forms sulfuric acid, improves sulfuric acid concentration in electrolyte, is conducive to the comprehensive utilization of spent acid;Oxygen in sulfuric acid and lead plaster Change lead sulfate of the lead formation insoluble in electrolyte, solves solvable lead electrode precipitation in electrolyte and cause anode and cathode short circuit problem, disappear In addition to cathode fall off lead plaster and go out, tankage when lead plaster dissolve influence to electrolysis procedure, can suitably reduce same pole span, reduce slot Pressure improves current efficiency, reduces and manages labor intensity on slot.
The present invention uses acidic electrolysis, and electrolyte substitutes sodium hydroxide with diluted acid salt, adjusts electrode material, can substantially drop Low production cost promotes economic benefit.

Claims (8)

1. lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method is used as cathode it is characterized in that: the lead plaster for adjusting moisture is fitted into cathode carrier, with Lead alloy plate is anode, and anode and cathode, which is alternatively arranged, is put into electrolytic cell, using diluted acid salting liquid as electrolyte, passes to direct current, lead plaster In various lead compounds be all reduced to metallic lead.
2. lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cathode carrier material is acidproof gold Belong to material.
3. according to lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method described in claim or 2, it is characterized in that: the cathode carrier material is not Become rusty steel or titanium or metal.
4. lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the anode material is acidproof resistance to Oxidation material.
5. lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: the anode material be lead or Metal or titanium or graphite.
6. lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: diluted acid salting liquid be sulfuric acid concentration 0 ~ 30%, the arbitrary proportion mixed solution of sulfate concentration 0 ~ 10%, phosphoric acid concentration 0 ~ 20%, phosphate concn 0 ~ 10%.
7. lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the electrolysis mode of Solid phase electrolysis is perseverance Piezoelectricity solution or constant-current electrolysis or constant voltage and current limiting electrolysis mode.
8. lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the moisture content of the lead plaster is 20%。
CN201910851298.XA 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 A kind of lead plaster acidity Solid phase electrolysis method Pending CN110528026A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111455404A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-07-28 华中科技大学 Method for recovering lead from waste lead paste by solid-phase electrolysis method

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4597841A (en) * 1984-01-24 1986-07-01 Hagen Batterie Ag Process of recovering lead from old lead accumulator scrap and reduction plate for this process
CN1186478C (en) * 2002-07-22 2005-01-26 佟永顺 Waste lead battery lead recovery process
CN101188321A (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-05-28 昆明理工大学 A method for recycling lead of abandoned lead acid accumulator
CN101291008A (en) * 2008-06-03 2008-10-22 北京化工大学 Method of recycling waste lead acid battery lead by electrolyzing with acid-wet method
CN101488597A (en) * 2009-02-23 2009-07-22 东南大学 Method for waste lead-acid cell resourcization and lead-acid cell cyclic production
CN101831668A (en) * 2010-05-21 2010-09-15 北京化工大学 Clean wet-method solid-liquid two-phase electroreduction lead recovery method
CN101956214A (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-01-26 北京化工大学 Method for recycling secondary lead by electrolyzing alkaline leaded solution
CN107204496A (en) * 2017-06-21 2017-09-26 湘潭大学 A kind of method that waste lead acid battery lead plaster prepares pure lead

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4597841A (en) * 1984-01-24 1986-07-01 Hagen Batterie Ag Process of recovering lead from old lead accumulator scrap and reduction plate for this process
CN1186478C (en) * 2002-07-22 2005-01-26 佟永顺 Waste lead battery lead recovery process
CN101188321A (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-05-28 昆明理工大学 A method for recycling lead of abandoned lead acid accumulator
CN101291008A (en) * 2008-06-03 2008-10-22 北京化工大学 Method of recycling waste lead acid battery lead by electrolyzing with acid-wet method
CN101488597A (en) * 2009-02-23 2009-07-22 东南大学 Method for waste lead-acid cell resourcization and lead-acid cell cyclic production
CN101831668A (en) * 2010-05-21 2010-09-15 北京化工大学 Clean wet-method solid-liquid two-phase electroreduction lead recovery method
CN101956214A (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-01-26 北京化工大学 Method for recycling secondary lead by electrolyzing alkaline leaded solution
CN107204496A (en) * 2017-06-21 2017-09-26 湘潭大学 A kind of method that waste lead acid battery lead plaster prepares pure lead

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111455404A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-07-28 华中科技大学 Method for recovering lead from waste lead paste by solid-phase electrolysis method
CN111455404B (en) * 2020-04-29 2021-07-27 华中科技大学 Method for recovering lead from waste lead paste by solid-phase electrolysis method

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