CN110527752B - Electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate - Google Patents
Electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate Download PDFInfo
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- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K13/00—Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
- C13K13/002—Xylose
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate, belonging to the technical field of xylose production. Performing three-stage electrodialysis on the hemicellulose hydrolysate to finally obtain a first-stage high-salt solution, a second-stage high-salt solution, a third-stage high-salt solution and a third-stage high-sugar solution, wherein the first-stage high-salt solution can be directly discharged or recycled after dilution and neutralization; after the third-stage high-salt solution is concentrated and desalted, the third-stage high-salt solution and the third-stage high-sugar solution are used as final feed liquid meeting the indexes (the conductance is less than or equal to 4000us/cm, the inorganic acid is less than or equal to 0.3%, the xylose content is more than or equal to 55g/L, and the xylose purity is more than or equal to 80%) to enter the next process; the method is applied to desalting and deacidifying the hemicellulose hydrolysate, so that the purposes of impurity removal and purification of the xylose solution are achieved, the sugar leakage amount is reduced, the economic benefit is improved, meanwhile, the discharge of sewage difficult to treat is reduced, and the environmental protection pressure is reduced on the premise of improving the xylose quality and the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate, in particular to a separation process for preparing xylose by removing sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate in the hemicellulose hydrolysate by adopting an electrodialysis method, and belongs to the technical field of xylose production.
Background
The hemicellulose is a main raw material for producing xylose, wherein the main procedures comprise hydrolysis, decoloration, desalting, deacidification, evaporation, centrifugation, drying and the like in the process of preparing the xylose by taking the hemicellulose as the raw material. The specific process for producing xylose comprises the following steps: taking hemicellulose as a raw material, adding sulfuric acid into the hemicellulose under a heating condition, hydrolyzing the hemicellulose into xylose and other miscellaneous sugars by the sulfuric acid, and simultaneously, impurities such as sodium sulfate, sulfuric acid and the like exist in a hydrolysate; since the xylose produced before the centrifugation step is present in a solution state, impurities such as sodium sulfate and sulfuric acid in the hemicellulose hydrolysate need to be removed efficiently in order to improve the quality of the xylose.
At present, in the existing separation method, salt (such as calcium oxide and barium carbonate) and acid (such as sulfuric acid) are generally added into hemicellulose hydrolysate to generate precipitate (calcium sulfate or barium sulfate) so as to remove impurities such as sodium sulfate, sulfuric acid and the like in the hemicellulose hydrolysate, but the separation process is complex, large in regulation and control difficulty, low in efficiency and high in cost, and electrolyte in the hydrolysate still has more residues and cannot meet the actual process requirements.
The national intellectual property office discloses a patent document with publication number CN109575088A, entitled "a refining method of xylose in hemicellulose hydrolysate" in 2019, 04, 05, wherein the patent document specifically discloses: relates to the technical field of chemical production, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) removing impurities from the hemicellulose hydrolysate, and then feeding the hemicellulose hydrolysate into an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain a permeate; 2) separating the permeate with nanofiltration membrane, and leaving sulfuric acid in the concentrated solution, wherein the permeate contains acetic acid and xylose; 3) performing electrodialysis separation on the acetic acid and xylose aqueous solution; 4) the xylose aqueous solution is directly used for producing furfural; 5) the acetic acid is extracted and separated by solvent extraction and rectification to obtain the acetic acid with the concentration of 98.5 percent. The method is simple to operate, the obtained xylose aqueous solution is directly used for producing furfural, the obtained acetic acid with the mass concentration of about 20% is extracted and separated by a solvent extraction and rectification device, and the acetic acid with the mass concentration of 98.5% can be obtained. In the process, the separated sulfuric acid is returned to the hydrolysis process for continuous use, and the effective components are recycled, so that the production cost is saved.
The national intellectual property office discloses a patent document with publication number CN101792822A, entitled "method for separating and purifying xylose and arabinose from hemicellulose acid hydrolysate" at 04.2010, 08.78.2010, wherein the patent document specifically discloses: the steps of separation and purification are as follows: (1) performing electrodialysis and membrane filtration concentration pretreatment on hemicellulose hydrolysate obtained by direct acid hydrolysis, and deoxidizing and filtering high-purity water for later use; (2) the pretreated hemicellulose hydrolysate enters a simulated moving bed chromatographic separation device for separation, and two discharge liquids are obtained after separation; (3) and concentrating the two discharge liquids by using a multi-effect falling film evaporator, and cooling and crystallizing to obtain xylose and arabinose products. The invention adopts a simulated moving bed chromatographic separation device (SSMB) system to extract monosaccharide, connects a plurality of adsorption columns in series to form a closed loop, changes the inlet and outlet positions of each strand of material by continuously switching valves, realizes the relative movement of solid and liquid phases, and separates and extracts different components.
Although separation treatment of hemicellulose hydrolysate by electrodialysis is disclosed in the above two prior art documents, there are also technical problems as follows: firstly, after the electrodialysis treatment, the generated wastewater seriously pollutes the environment and causes environmental pressure; secondly, the sugar leakage amount is large, so that resource waste is caused, and environmental protection pressure is caused; and the electrodialysis membrane has short service life, is frequently replaced under unsuitable working conditions, causes high cost and is difficult to treat the waste membrane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate. In the invention, the hemicellulose hydrolysate which is pretreated by filtration, decolorization, ultrafiltration and the like is subjected to three-stage electrodialysis to finally obtain a first-stage high-salt solution, a second-stage high-salt solution, a third-stage high-salt solution and a third-stage high-sugar solution, wherein the first-stage high-salt solution can be directly discharged after dilution and neutralization, has small pressure on the environment, or can be recycled, thereby reducing waste and saving cost; and after the third-stage high-salt solution (comprising reducing sugar with the concentration of 13-15 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 0.5-0.8 g/L, sodium sulfate with the concentration of 0.5-0.8 g/L and the electrical conductivity of 20-30 ms/cm) is concentrated and desalted, the third-stage high-salt solution and the third-stage high-salt solution are used as final feed liquid meeting the indexes (the electrical conductivity is less than or equal to 4000us/cm, the refraction is more than or equal to 7.0, the inorganic acid is less than or equal to 0.3%, the total acid is less than or equal to 0.4%, the reducing sugar content is more than or equal to 70g/L, the xylose content is more than or equal to 55g/L and the xylose purity is more than or equal to 80%) to enter the next process.
The method is applied to desalination and deacidification of the hemicellulose hydrolysate, so that the purposes of impurity removal and purification of the xylose solution are achieved, the sugar leakage amount is reduced (by 70-80%), the economic benefit is improved, meanwhile, the discharge of sewage difficult to treat is reduced, and the environmental protection pressure is reduced on the premise of improving the xylose quality and the production efficiency.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the following technical scheme is proposed:
an electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate, which comprises the following steps:
1) first-stage electrodialysis: introducing the hemicellulose hydrolysate into a first-stage electrodialysis system, introducing a second-stage high-salt solution, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a first-stage high-sugar solution and a first-stage high-salt solution;
2) second-stage electrodialysis: introducing the first-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 1) into a second-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a second-stage high-sugar solution and a second-stage high-salt solution;
3) third-stage electrodialysis: introducing the second-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 2) into a third-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a third-stage high-sugar solution and a third-stage high-salt solution;
4) and (3) post-treatment: and concentrating and desalting the third-level high-salt solution, storing the third-level high-salt solution and the third-level high-sugar solution in a temporary storage tank, injecting the third-level high-salt solution into an ion exchange column, and performing chromatography to obtain a xylose solution.
Further, the hemicellulose hydrolysate is: after hemicellulose raw material is hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid, the hemicellulose hydrolysate is pretreated by adopting the prior mature technology such as filtration, decoloration, ultrafiltration and the like. Wherein, in the hemicellulose hydrolysate, the xylose content is 70-90 g/L, the sodium sulfate content is 20-22 g/L, and the sulfuric acid content is 20-25 g/L.
Further, in the steps 1), 2) and 3), the electrodialysis membrane is an alloy membrane.
Further, in the concentration step of the step 4), a homogeneous electrodialysis membrane or an alloy membrane is adopted for concentration, and the conductance of the concentrated third-stage high-salt solution is 200-250 ms/cm.
Further, in the desalting step of the step 4), an alloy membrane is adopted for desalting, and the conductivity of the desalted third-stage high-salt solution is 3-5 ms/cm.
Further, in the first-stage electrodialysis system in the step 1), the feed flow of the hemicellulose hydrolysate is 40-50 m3The feed flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 15-17 m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 40-45 ℃; the discharge flow of the first-stage high-salt liquid is 15-17 m3The discharge flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3/h；
In the second-stage electrodialysis system in the step 2), the feeding flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3The feed flow of the desalted water is 15-17 m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 40-45 ℃; the discharge flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 15-17 m3The discharge flow of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3/h；
In the third-stage electrodialysis system in the step 3), the feeding flow rate of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3The feed flow of the desalted water is 15-17 m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 75-100A, and the temperature is 40-45 ℃; the discharge flow of the third-stage high-salt solution is 15-17 m3The third-stage high sugar liquid discharge flow is 40-50 m3/h。
Further, in the step 1), the first-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 17-20 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 35-45 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 15-18 g/L; the first-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75-90 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 12-14 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5-10 g/L;
in the step 2), the second-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 15-18 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 20-35 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 15-18 g/L; the second-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75-90 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 5-10 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5-10 g/L;
in the step 3), the third-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 13-15 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 5-8 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5-8 g/L; the third-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75-90 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 1-2 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 1-2 g/L.
Further, in the step 1), the conductance of the first-stage high-salt solution is 150-180 ms/cm, the pH value is 0.5-1.0, and the refraction is 5.5-6.5; the conductance of the first-level high-sugar liquid is 40-50 ms/cm, the pH is 1.0-1.3, and the refraction is 8.0-9.0;
in the step 2), the conductance of the second-stage high-salt solution is 70-80 ms/cm, the pH is 1.0-1.2, and the refraction is 3-4; the conductance of the second-level high-sugar liquid is 18-20 ms/cm, the pH is 1.8-2.1, and the refraction is 8.0-9.0;
in the step 3), the conductivity of the third-stage high-salt solution is 20-30 ms/cm, the pH value is 2-2.2, and the refraction is 1-2; the conductance of the third-level high-sugar liquid is 3-4 ms/cm, the pH is 2.2-2.8, and the refraction is 8.0-9.0.
According to the standard GB/T23532-2009 xylose, after detection, the hemicellulose hydrolysate is subjected to electrodialysis separation: the conductivity is less than or equal to 4000us/cm, the light transmittance is more than or equal to 98.0 percent, the refraction is more than or equal to 7.0, the specific rotation is 18.5-19.5 degrees, and the pH value is 2.2-2.8; the content of reducing sugar is more than or equal to 70g/L, the content of xylose is more than or equal to 55g/L, and the purity of xylose is more than or equal to 80 percent; less than or equal to 0.3 percent of inorganic acid, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of total acid, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of sulfate, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of ash, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of water and less than or equal to 0.005 percent of chloride.
The electrodialysis separation system comprises a desalted water storage tank and three electrodialysis devices, wherein the three electrodialysis devices are a first electrodialysis device, a second electrodialysis device and a third electrodialysis device respectively; the second-stage electrodialysis device is connected with the desalted water storage tank, and a second-stage electrodialysis system is formed between the desalted water storage tank and the second-stage electrodialysis device; the second electrodialysis device is connected with the third electrodialysis device, the third electrodialysis device is connected with the desalted water storage tank, and a third electrodialysis system is formed between the desalted water storage tank and the third electrodialysis device.
Furthermore, a feed inlet of the first-stage electrodialysis device is connected with a conveying pipe for conveying hemicellulose hydrolysate, a high-sugar liquid outlet of the first-stage electrodialysis device is connected with a feed inlet of the second-stage electrodialysis device through the conveying pipe, a high-salt liquid outlet of the second-stage electrodialysis device is connected with the first-stage electrodialysis device through the conveying pipe, and a high-sugar liquid outlet of the second-stage electrodialysis device is connected with a feed inlet of the third-stage electrodialysis device through the conveying pipe; the high-sugar liquid outlet of the third electrodialysis device is connected with a temporary storage tank through a conveying pipe, and the high-salt liquid outlet of the third electrodialysis device is connected with the temporary storage tank through a conveying pipe.
Further, still be equipped with enrichment facility and desalination device between third level electrodialysis device high salt liquid export and the jar of keeping in, third level electrodialysis device high salt liquid export is connected with enrichment facility, and enrichment facility is connected with desalination device, and desalination device is connected with the jar of keeping in, and the jar of keeping in is connected with the ion exchange column.
Furthermore, the electrodialysis separation system also comprises a dilution tank and a neutralization tank, wherein a high-salt solution outlet of the first-stage electrodialysis device is connected with the dilution tank through a conveying pipe, and the dilution tank is connected with the neutralization tank; the neutralization tank is connected with a waste water discharge pipe, or the neutralization tank is connected with a recycling device through a conveying pipe.
Each conveying pipe is provided with a control valve according to actual requirements.
In the technical scheme, the related working principle is as follows:
in the electrodialysis separation system, positive and negative poles of a power supply are directly alternately and parallelly provided with a positive membrane and a negative membrane, the positive membrane and the negative membrane form a membrane group, and the membrane group is separated from the membrane group by a partition plate to form a fresh water chamber and a concentrated water chamber. Introducing hemicellulose hydrolysate materials into the fresh water chamber, introducing desalted water into the concentrated water chamber, and transferring cations (sodium ions and hydrogen ions) in the fresh water chamber to the negative electrode under the action of the direct-current electric field and only passing through a cation exchange membrane; anions (sulfate ions and hydroxyl ions) migrate to the positive electrode and only pass through an anion exchange membrane, so that sodium sulfate and sulfuric acid in the fresh water chamber are desalted; sodium sulfate and sulfuric acid are concentrated in the concentrated water chamber, and high-salt solution and high-sugar solution are respectively led out, so that the purposes of desalination and deacidification are achieved.
In order to fully ensure the electrodialysis effect, the first-stage electrodialysis, the second-stage electrodialysis and the third-stage electrodialysis are carried out; because the content of reducing sugar in the third-stage high-salt solution is 13-15 g/L and the conductivity is 20-30 ms/cm, the content of reducing sugar in the first-stage high-salt solution is 75-90 g/L and the conductivity is 40-50 ms/cm, and the sugar salt of the third-stage high-salt solution is lower based on the ratio of the reducing sugar to the conductivity, and the third-stage high-salt solution can be directly used as a xylose preparation raw material after concentration and desalination (de-conductivity), the third-stage high-salt solution and the third-stage high-salt solution are used together as a final feed liquid meeting indexes (the conductivity is less than or equal to 4000us/cm, the refraction is more than or equal to 7.0, the inorganic acid is less than or equal to 0.3%, the total acid is less than or equal to 0.4%, the content of the reducing sugar is more than or equal to 70g/L, the content of the xylose is more than or equal to 55g/L, and the purity of the xylose is more than or equal to 80%) and then enter the next working procedure; the first-stage high-salt solution can be directly discharged or recycled after being diluted and neutralized.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial technical effects brought are as follows:
the method is applied to desalting and deacidifying the hemicellulose hydrolysate, so that the purposes of impurity removal and purification of the xylose solution are achieved, the sugar leakage amount is reduced (by 70-80%) on the premise of improving the xylose quality and the production efficiency, and the economic benefit is improved. Simultaneously, reduce the emission of difficult processing sewage, increased substantially the environmental protection benefit, reduced environmental protection pressure, for example: the organic matter discharge is reduced by about 3.5 tons/day, the sewage treatment cost is saved by about 12 yuan/ton, the sewage treatment capacity is reduced by 200 cubic meters/day and the like;
the method adopts the electrodialysis method to remove the electrolyte, improves the operation efficiency and the effectiveness of removing the electrolyte, has higher controllability, effectively avoids introducing new impurities, reduces the cost, and increases the profit by about 2.5 ten thousand yuan/day;
thirdly, after the third-level high-salt solution is concentrated and desalted, the third-level high-salt solution and the third-level high-sugar solution are used as final feed liquid meeting the index and enter the next procedure, the sugar leakage amount is reduced to 2-3% from 10%, and the yield of xylose is improved by about 2.8 tons/day;
fourthly, in the invention, because most of the run sugar is recovered, the service life of the electrodialysis device is greatly prolonged (the service life of the membrane is prolonged by more than 30 percent), thereby not only improving the stability of the xylose preparation process, but also improving the usability of the equipment and reducing the cost of equipment consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic logic diagram of an electrodialysis separation system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of the operation of an electrodialysis separation system according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrodialysis operation in the present invention;
wherein, in the figure: 1. the desalting device comprises a desalted water storage tank, 2, a first-stage electrodialysis device, 3, a second-stage electrodialysis device, 4, a third-stage electrodialysis device, 5, a conveying pipe, 6, a temporary storage tank, 7, a concentration device, 8, a desalting device, 9, a dilution tank, 10, a neutralization tank, 11 and an ion exchange column.
Detailed Description
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
An electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate, which comprises the following steps:
1) first-stage electrodialysis: introducing the hemicellulose hydrolysate into a first-stage electrodialysis system, introducing a second-stage high-salt solution, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a first-stage high-sugar solution and a first-stage high-salt solution;
2) second-stage electrodialysis: introducing the first-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 1) into a second-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a second-stage high-sugar solution and a second-stage high-salt solution;
3) third-stage electrodialysis: introducing the second-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 2) into a third-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a third-stage high-sugar solution and a third-stage high-salt solution;
4) and (3) post-treatment: and concentrating and desalting the third-level high-salt solution, storing the third-level high-salt solution and the third-level high-sugar solution in a temporary storage tank, injecting the third-level high-salt solution into an ion exchange column, and performing chromatography by adopting a mature prior art to obtain a xylose solution.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, further:
the hemicellulose hydrolysate is prepared by the following steps: the hemicellulose is used as a raw material, and is hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid, and then is pretreated by adopting the existing mature technology, such as filtration, decoloration, ultrafiltration and the like. Wherein, in the hemicellulose hydrolysate, the xylose content is 70-90 g/L, the sodium sulfate content is 20-22 g/L, and the sulfuric acid content is 20-25 g/L.
Example 3
On the basis of the embodiment 2, further:
further, in the first-stage electrodialysis system in the step 1), the feed flow rate of the hemicellulose hydrolysate is 40m3H, the feeding flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 15m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 40 ℃; the discharge flow of the first-stage high-salt solution is 15m3The discharge flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40m3/h；
In the second electrodialysis system of step 2), the feed flow rate of the first stage high sugar liquid is 40m3H, the feed flow of demineralized water is 15m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 40 ℃; the discharge flow of the second-stage high-salt solution is 15m3The discharge flow of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 40m3/h；
In the third electrodialysis system of step 3), the feed flow rate of the second stage high sugar liquid is 40m3H, the feed flow of demineralized water is 15m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 75A, and the temperature is 40 ℃; the discharge flow of the third-stage high-salt solution is 15m3The third-stage high sugar liquid discharge flow is 40m3/h。
Example 4
On the basis of embodiment 3, the present embodiment is different in that:
further, in the first-stage electrodialysis system in the step 1), the feed flow rate of the hemicellulose hydrolysate is 50m3The feed flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 17m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 45 ℃; the discharge flow of the first-stage high-salt solution is 17m3The discharge flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 50m3/h；
In the second electrodialysis system of step 2), the feed flow rate of the first stage high sugar liquid is 50m3Feed flow rate of desalted water is 17m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 45 ℃; the discharge flow of the second-stage high-salt solution is 17m3The discharge flow of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 50m3/h；
In the third electrodialysis system of step 3), the feed flow rate of the second stage high sugar liquid is 50m3Feed flow rate of desalted water is 17m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 45 ℃; the discharge flow of the third-stage high-salt solution is 17m3The third-stage high sugar liquid discharge flow is 50m3/h。
Example 5
On the basis of examples 3 to 4, the present example differs in that:
further, in the first-stage electrodialysis system in the step 1), the feed flow rate of the hemicellulose hydrolysate is 45m3The feed flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 16m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 42 ℃; the discharge flow of the first-stage high-salt solution is 16m3The discharge flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 45m3/h；
In the second electrodialysis system of step 2), the feed flow rate of the first stage high sugar liquid is 45m3Feed flow rate of desalted water is 16m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 42 ℃; the discharge flow of the second-stage high-salt solution is 16m3The discharge flow of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 45m3/h；
In the third electrodialysis system of step 3), the feed flow rate of the second stage high sugar liquid is 45m3Feed flow rate of desalted water is 16m3H; voltage 150V, currentAt 86A and 42 ℃; the discharge flow of the third-stage high-salt solution is 16m3The third-stage high sugar liquid discharge flow is 45m3/h。
Example 6
On the basis of the examples 3-5, further:
in the steps 1), 2) and 3), the electrodialysis membrane is an alloy membrane.
Example 7
On the basis of example 6, further:
in the concentration process of the step 4), a homogeneous electrodialysis membrane is adopted for concentration, and the conductance of the concentrated third-stage high-salt solution is 200 ms/cm.
In the desalting step of the step 4), an alloy membrane is adopted for desalting, and the conductivity of the desalted third-stage high-salt solution is 5 ms/cm.
Example 8
On the basis of embodiment 7, the present embodiment is distinguished in that:
in the concentration process of the step 4), an alloy membrane is adopted for concentration, and the conductance of the concentrated third-stage high-salt solution is 250 ms/cm.
In the desalting step of the step 4), an alloy membrane is adopted for desalting, and the conductivity of the desalted third-stage high-salt solution is 3 ms/cm.
Example 9
On the basis of examples 7 to 8, the present example differs in that:
in the concentration process of the step 4), a homogeneous electrodialysis membrane is adopted for concentration, and the conductance of the concentrated third-stage high-salt solution is 230 ms/cm.
In the desalting step of the step 4), an alloy membrane is adopted for desalting, and the conductivity of the desalted third-stage high-salt solution is 4 ms/cm.
Example 10
On the basis of examples 7 to 9, further:
in the step 1), the first-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 17g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 35g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 15 g/L; the first-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 12g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5 g/L;
in the step 2), the second-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 15g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 20g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 15 g/L; the second-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 5g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5 g/L;
in the step 3), the third-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 13g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 5g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5 g/L; the third-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 1g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 1 g/L.
In the step 1), the conductance of the first-stage high-salt solution is 150ms/cm, the pH value is 0.5, and the refraction is 5.5; the conductance of the first-level high-sugar liquid is 40ms/cm, the pH value is 1.0, and the refraction is 8.0;
in the step 2), the conductance of the second-stage high-salt solution is 70ms/cm, the pH value is 1.0, and the refraction is 3; the conductance of the second-level high-sugar liquid is 18ms/cm, the pH value is 1.8, and the refraction is 8.0;
in the step 3), the conductance of the third-stage high-salt solution is 20ms/cm, the pH value is 2, and the refraction is 1; the conductance of the third-level high sugar liquid is 3ms/cm, the pH value is 2.2, and the refraction is 8.0.
Example 11
On the basis of embodiment 10, the present embodiment is different in that:
in the step 1), the first-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 20g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 45g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 18 g/L; the first-stage high-sugar liquid comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 90g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 14g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 10 g/L;
in the step 2), the second-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 18g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 35g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 18 g/L; the second-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 90g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 10g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 10 g/L;
in the step 3), the third-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 15g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 8g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5-8 g/L; the third-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 90g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 2g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 2 g/L.
In the step 1), the conductance of the first-stage high-salt solution is 180ms/cm, the pH value is 1.0, and the refraction is 6.5; the conductance of the first-level high-sugar liquid is 50ms/cm, the pH value is 1.3, and the refraction is 9.0;
in the step 2), the conductance of the second-stage high-salt solution is 80ms/cm, the pH value is 1.2, and the refraction is 4; the conductance of the second-level high-sugar liquid is 20ms/cm, the pH value is 2.1, and the refraction is 9.0;
in the step 3), the conductance of the third-stage high-salt solution is 23ms/cm, the pH value is 2.2, and the refraction is 2; the conductance of the third-level high sugar liquid is 4ms/cm, the pH value is 22.8, and the refraction is 9.0.
Example 12
On the basis of examples 10 to 11, this example differs in that:
in the step 1), the first-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 18g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 40g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 16 g/L; the first-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 85g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 13g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 8 g/L;
in the step 2), the second-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 17g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 25g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 16 g/L; the second-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 85g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 7g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 9 g/L;
in the step 3), the third-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 14g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 7g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 6 g/L; the third-level high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 85g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 1.5g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 1.5 g/L.
In the step 1), the conductance of the first-stage high-salt solution is 165ms/cm, the pH value is 0.8, and the refraction is 6.0; the first-stage high-sugar liquid has the conductivity of 45ms/cm, the pH value of 1.1 and the refraction of 8.5;
in the step 2), the conductance of the second-stage high-salt solution is 75ms/cm, the pH value is 1.1, and the refraction is 3.5; the conductance of the second-level high-sugar liquid is 19ms/cm, the pH value is 2.0, and the refraction is 8.5;
in the step 3), the conductance of the third-stage high-salt solution is 25ms/cm, the pH value is 2.1, and the refraction is 1.5; the conductance of the third-level high sugar liquid is 3.5ms/cm, the pH value is 2.6, and the refraction is 8.5.
Example 13
An electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate, which comprises the following steps:
1) first-stage electrodialysis: introducing hemicellulose hydrolysate into a first-stage electrodialysis system, and introducing a second-stage high-salt solution (when the electrodialysis system is used for the first time, introducing desalted water, and when the electrodialysis system is in normal operation, namely the second-stage electrodialysis system generates discharge flow of 17m3Stopping introducing desalted water into the second-stage high-salt solution,/h, and converting into a second-stage high-salt solution), and obtaining a first-stage high-sugar solution and a first-stage high-salt solution under the action of an electrodialysis membrane;
the feed flow of the hemicellulose hydrolysate is 40m3The feed flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 17m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 45 ℃; the discharge flow of the first-stage high-salt solution is 17m3The discharge flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40m3/h；
2) Second-stage electrodialysis: introducing the first-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 1) into a second-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a second-stage high-sugar solution and a second-stage high-salt solution;
the feeding flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40m3Feed flow rate of desalted water is 17m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 45 ℃; the discharge flow of the second-stage high-salt solution is 17m3The discharge flow of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 40m3/h；
3) Third-stage electrodialysis: introducing the second-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 2) into a third-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a third-stage high-sugar solution and a third-stage high-salt solution;
the feeding flow of the second stage high sugar liquid is 40m3Feed flow rate of desalted water is 17m3H; the voltage is 150V, the current is 85A, and the temperature is 45 ℃; the discharge flow of the third-stage high-salt solution is 17m3The third-stage high sugar liquid discharge flow is 40m3/h。
4) And (3) post-treatment: and concentrating and desalting the third-level high-salt solution, storing the third-level high-salt solution and the third-level high-sugar solution in a temporary storage tank, injecting the third-level high-salt solution into an ion exchange column, and performing chromatography to obtain a xylose solution.
The hemicellulose hydrolysate is prepared by the following steps: after hemicellulose raw material is hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid, the hemicellulose hydrolysate is pretreated by adopting the prior mature technology such as filtration, decoloration, ultrafiltration and the like. Wherein, in the hemicellulose hydrolysate, the xylose content is 85g/L, the sodium sulfate content is 21g/L, and the sulfuric acid content is 23 g/L.
In the steps 1), 2) and 3), the electrodialysis membrane is an alloy membrane.
In the concentration process of the step 4), an alloy membrane is adopted for concentration, and the conductance of the concentrated third-stage high-salt solution is 220 ms/cm.
In the desalting step of the step 4), an alloy membrane is adopted for desalting, and the conductivity of the desalted third-stage high-salt solution is 4 ms/cm.
In the step 1), the first-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 20g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 35g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 18 g/L; the first-stage high-sugar liquid comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 14g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5 g/L;
in the step 2), the second-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 15g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 20g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 18 g/L; the second-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 10g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5 g/L;
in the step 3), the third-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 15g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 8g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5 g/L; the third-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 2g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 1 g/L.
According to the GB/T23532-2009 xylose standard, through detection, after the hemicellulose hydrolysate is subjected to electrodialysis separation: the conductivity is less than or equal to 4000us/cm, the light transmittance is more than or equal to 98.0 percent, the refraction is more than or equal to 7.0, the specific rotation is 18.5-19.5 degrees, and the pH value is 2.2-2.8; the content of reducing sugar is more than or equal to 70g/L, the content of xylose is more than or equal to 55g/L, and the purity of xylose is more than or equal to 80 percent; less than or equal to 0.3 percent of inorganic acid, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of total acid, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of sulfate, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of ash, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of water and less than or equal to 0.005 percent of chloride.
Example 14
As shown in fig. 1-3: the electrodialysis separation system comprises a desalted water storage tank 1 and three electrodialysis devices, wherein the three electrodialysis devices are a first electrodialysis device 2, a second electrodialysis device 3 and a third electrodialysis device 4 respectively, the first electrodialysis device 2 is connected with the second electrodialysis device 3, and a first electrodialysis system is formed between the first electrodialysis device 2 and the second electrodialysis device 3; the second-stage electrodialysis device 3 is connected with the desalted water storage tank 1, and a second-stage electrodialysis system is formed between the desalted water storage tank 1 and the second-stage electrodialysis device 3; the second electrodialysis device 3 is connected with the third electrodialysis device 4, the third electrodialysis device 4 is connected with the desalted water storage tank 1, and a third electrodialysis system is formed between the desalted water storage tank 1 and the third electrodialysis device 4.
Further, a feed inlet of the first-stage electrodialysis device 2 is connected with a conveying pipe 5 for conveying hemicellulose hydrolysate, a high-sugar liquid outlet of the first-stage electrodialysis device 2 is connected with a feed inlet of the second-stage electrodialysis device 3 through the conveying pipe 5, a high-salt liquid outlet of the second-stage electrodialysis device 3 is connected with the first-stage electrodialysis device 2 through the conveying pipe 5, and a high-sugar liquid outlet of the second-stage electrodialysis device 3 is connected with a feed inlet of the third-stage electrodialysis device 4 through the conveying pipe 5; the high sugar liquid outlet of the third electrodialysis device 4 is connected with a temporary storage tank 6 through a conveying pipe 5, and the high salt liquid outlet of the third electrodialysis device 4 is connected with the temporary storage tank 6 through the conveying pipe 5.
Further, still be equipped with enrichment facility 7 and desalination device 8 between third electrodialysis device 4 high salt liquid export and the jar 6 of keeping in, third electrodialysis device 4 high salt liquid export is connected with enrichment facility 7, and enrichment facility 7 is connected with desalination device 8, and desalination device 8 is connected with jar 6 of keeping in, and jar 6 of keeping in is connected with ion exchange column 11.
Further, the electrodialysis separation system also comprises a dilution tank 9 II and a neutralization tank 10, wherein a high-salt solution outlet of the first-stage electrodialysis device 2 is connected with the dilution tank 9 II through a conveying pipe 5, and the dilution tank 9 II is connected with the neutralization tank 10; the neutralization tank 10 is connected with a waste water discharge pipe, or the neutralization tank 10 is connected with a recycling device through a conveying pipe 5.
Example 15
An electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate, which comprises the following steps:
1) first-stage electrodialysis: introducing the hemicellulose hydrolysate into a first-stage electrodialysis system, introducing a second-stage high-salt solution, and performing electrodialysis membrane action (conditions shown in the following table 1) to obtain a first-stage high-sugar solution and a first-stage high-salt solution (shown in the following tables 4-5);
2) second-stage electrodialysis: introducing the first-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 1) into a second-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing electrodialysis membrane action (conditions are shown in the following table 2) to obtain a second-stage high-sugar solution and a second-stage high-salt solution (shown in the following tables 4-5);
3) third-stage electrodialysis: introducing the second-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 2) into a third-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing electrodialysis membrane action (conditions are shown in the following table 3) to obtain a third-stage high-sugar solution and a third-stage high-salt solution (shown in the following tables 4-5);
4) and (3) post-treatment: and concentrating and desalting the third-level high-salt solution, storing the third-level high-salt solution and the third-level high-sugar solution in a temporary storage tank, injecting the third-level high-salt solution into an ion exchange column, and performing chromatography to obtain a xylose solution.
Claims (8)
1. An electrodialysis separation process of hemicellulose hydrolysate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) first-stage electrodialysis: introducing the hemicellulose hydrolysate into a first-stage electrodialysis system, introducing a second-stage high-salt solution, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a first-stage high-sugar solution and a first-stage high-salt solution;
wherein the hemicellulose hydrolysate comprises 70-90 g/L of xylose, 20-22 g/L of sodium sulfate and 20-25 g/L of sulfuric acid;
the feed flow of the hemicellulose hydrolysate is 40-50 m3The feed flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 15-17 m3H; the voltage in the first-stage electrodialysis system is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 40-45 ℃; the discharge flow of the first-stage high-salt liquid is 15-17 m3The discharge flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3/h；
The first-stage high-sugar liquid comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75-90 g/L, and the conductance of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 ms/cm;
2) second-stage electrodialysis: introducing the first-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 1) into a second-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a second-stage high-sugar solution and a second-stage high-salt solution;
the feeding flow of the first-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3The feed flow of the desalted water is 15-17 m3H; the voltage in the second-stage electrodialysis system is 150V, the current is 100A, and the temperature is 40-45 ℃; the discharge flow of the second-stage high-salt liquid is 15-17 m3The discharge flow of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3/h；
3) Third-stage electrodialysis: introducing the second-stage high-sugar solution obtained in the step 2) into a third-stage electrodialysis system, introducing desalted water, and performing the action of an electrodialysis membrane to obtain a third-stage high-sugar solution and a third-stage high-salt solution;
the feeding flow of the second-stage high-sugar liquid is 40-50 m3The feed flow of the desalted water is 15-17 m3H; the voltage in the third-stage electrodialysis system is 150V, the current is 75-100A, and the temperature is 40-45 ℃; the discharge flow of the third-stage high-salt solution is 15-17 m3The third-stage high sugar liquid discharge flow is 40-50 m3/h；
Wherein the third-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75-90 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 1-2 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 1-2 g/L; the conductance of the third-level high-sugar liquid is 3-4 ms/cm, the pH is 2.2-2.8, and the refraction is 8.0-9.0;
the third-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 13-15 g/L, and the conductivity of the third-stage high-salt solution is 20-30 ms/cm;
4) and (3) post-treatment: concentrating and desalting the third-stage high-salt solution, storing the third-stage high-salt solution and the third-stage high-sugar solution in a temporary storage tank, injecting the third-stage high-salt solution into an ion exchange column, and performing chromatography to obtain a xylose solution;
and the conductivity of the desalted third-stage high-salt solution is 3-5 ms/cm.
2. The electrodialysis separation process for the hemicellulose hydrolysate according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the conductance of the concentrated third-stage high-salt solution is 200-250 ms/cm.
3. The electrodialysis separation process for the hemicellulose hydrolysate according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the first-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with a concentration of 17-20 g/L, sulfuric acid with a concentration of 35-45 g/L and sodium sulfate with a concentration of 15-18 g/L; the first-stage high-sugar solution comprises sulfuric acid with the concentration of 12-14 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5-10 g/L;
in the step 2), the second-stage high-salt solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 15-18 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 20-35 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 15-18 g/L; the second-stage high-sugar solution comprises reducing sugar with the concentration of 75-90 g/L, sulfuric acid with the concentration of 5-10 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5-10 g/L;
in the step 3), the third-stage high-salt solution comprises sulfuric acid with the concentration of 5-8 g/L and sodium sulfate with the concentration of 5-8 g/L.
4. The electrodialysis separation process for the hemicellulose hydrolysate according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the conductance of the first-stage high-salt solution is 150-180 ms/cm, the pH is 0.5-1.0, and the refraction is 5.5-6.5; the conductance of the first-level high-sugar liquid is 40-50 ms/cm, the pH is 1.0-1.3, and the refraction is 8.0-9.0;
in the step 2), the conductance of the second-stage high-salt solution is 70-80 ms/cm, the pH is 1.0-1.2, and the refraction is 3-4; the conductance of the second-level high-sugar liquid is 18-20 ms/cm, the pH is 1.8-2.1, and the refraction is 8.0-9.0;
in the step 3), the conductivity of the third-stage high-salt solution is 20-30 ms/cm, the pH value is 2-2.2, and the refraction is 1-2.
5. The electrodialysis separation process for hemicellulose hydrolysate according to claim 1, wherein after electrodialysis separation, feed liquid is detected and: the conductivity is less than or equal to 4000us/cm, the light transmittance is more than or equal to 98.0 percent, the refraction is more than or equal to 7.0, the specific rotation is 18.5-19.5 degrees, and the pH value is 2.2-2.8; the content of reducing sugar is more than or equal to 70g/L, the content of xylose is more than or equal to 55g/L, and the purity of xylose is more than or equal to 80 percent; less than or equal to 0.3 percent of inorganic acid, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of total acid, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of sulfate, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of ash, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of water and less than or equal to 0.005 percent of chloride.
6. The electrodialysis separation process for the hemicellulose hydrolysate according to claim 1, wherein the electrodialysis separation process is carried out, and the electrodialysis separation system comprises a desalted water storage tank (1) and three electrodialysis devices, namely a first electrodialysis device (2), a second electrodialysis device (3) and a third electrodialysis device (4), wherein the first electrodialysis device (2) is connected with the second electrodialysis device (3), and a first electrodialysis system is formed between the first electrodialysis device (2) and the second electrodialysis device (3); the second-stage electrodialysis device (3) is connected with the desalted water storage tank (1), and a second-stage electrodialysis system is formed between the desalted water storage tank (1) and the second-stage electrodialysis device (3); the second-stage electrodialysis device (3) is connected with the third-stage electrodialysis device (4), the third-stage electrodialysis device (4) is connected with the desalted water storage tank (1), and a third-stage electrodialysis system is formed between the desalted water storage tank (1) and the third-stage electrodialysis device (4).
7. The electrodialysis separation process for the hemicellulose hydrolysate as claimed in claim 6, wherein the feed inlet of the first electrodialysis device (2) is connected with a conveying pipe (5) for conveying the hemicellulose hydrolysate, the high-sugar solution outlet of the first electrodialysis device (2) is connected with the feed inlet of the second electrodialysis device (3) through the conveying pipe (5), the high-salt solution outlet of the second electrodialysis device (3) is connected with the first electrodialysis device (2) through the conveying pipe (5), and the high-sugar solution outlet of the second electrodialysis device (3) is connected with the feed inlet of the third electrodialysis device (4) through the conveying pipe (5); the high sugar liquid outlet of the third electrodialysis device (4) is connected with a temporary storage tank (6) through a conveying pipe (5), and the high salt liquid outlet of the third electrodialysis device (4) is connected with the temporary storage tank (6) through the conveying pipe (5).
8. The electrodialysis separation process for the hemicellulose hydrolysate according to claim 7, wherein a concentration device (7) and a desalination device (8) are further arranged between the high-salt solution outlet of the third electrodialysis device (4) and the temporary storage tank (6), the high-salt solution outlet of the third electrodialysis device (4) is connected with the concentration device (7), the concentration device (7) is connected with the desalination device (8), the desalination device (8) is connected with the temporary storage tank (6), and the temporary storage tank (6) is connected with an ion exchange column (11).
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