CN110527123B - Antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging and low-cost preparation method - Google Patents
Antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging and low-cost preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/12—Polypropene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
- C08J2405/08—Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0806—Silver
Abstract
The invention provides an antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging and a low-cost preparation method thereof. According to the method provided by the invention, the pseudo-boehmite blocking layer is formed on the surface of the base film through hydrolysis of the organic aluminum source and is fixed through nano-silver reduction and chitosan film forming, so that the film is endowed with excellent blocking performance and has good antibacterial performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic packaging films, in particular to an antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging and a low-cost preparation method.
Background
The storage of food and medicine and the sealing during electronic display require that the packaging material has excellent oxygen barrier property, so that the high oxygen barrier packaging material plays an important application value in daily life of people. Plastic oxygen barrier films have gradually replaced traditional packaging materials such as glass, metal, paper and the like as the main material for sale packaging. However, various plastic packaging films have different degrees of gas permeability, which severely limits the packaging quality of plastic materials.
Although the oxygen barrier property of plastic packaging materials with inorganic substances added is widely researched, and experiments and theories prove that the inorganic layered materials can effectively prolong the diffusion path of oxygen molecules, the technical requirements of the current production process methods of the oxygen barrier packaging materials, such as steamed bun steaming process, plasma treatment coating and sol-gel process, are high, the process is complex and precise, and the application expansion of the barrier packaging materials is restricted.
In addition, most of the inorganic layered materials synthesized at present have irregular properties and are easy to agglomerate, so that the rising space of the oxygen barrier property of the composite oxygen barrier packaging film is limited, which is a bottleneck for improving the barrier property of the materials. In addition, the current common process is to form a plurality of (generally more than 5) organic/inorganic layers with water and oxygen barrier functions on the plastic substrate alternately, so that the water and oxygen barrier performance of the plastic substrate can be greatly improved, and the method is a feasible water and oxygen barrier technology at present. However, multiple coating or deposition of organic-inorganic layers adds significant process complexity and production cost. Therefore, the research on the high-barrier and low-cost food packaging film has been receiving attention.
The Chinese patent application No. 201310370729.3 discloses an antibacterial packaging film, which comprises a nano antibacterial layer, a barrier layer, an outer surface layer and a bonding layer for connecting the nano antibacterial layer, the barrier layer and the outer surface layer; wherein the nano antibacterial layer comprises, by weight, 70-150 parts of LDPE, 20-60 parts of LLDPE, 30-50 parts of silver ion antibacterial agent, 4-8 parts of polyethylene wax and 3-7 parts of stearic acid; the preparation process of the invention comprises the steps of respectively placing the antibacterial master batch, the barrier layer, the outer surface layer and the binder into each hopper of an extruder, and carrying out coextrusion casting compounding to obtain the coextrusion antibacterial packaging film. The Chinese patent application No. 201510877704.1 discloses an antibacterial high-barrier food packaging film, which comprises a paper base layer, an aluminum film compounded on the upper surface of the paper base layer, and a polyethylene layer compounded on the lower surface of the paper base layer, wherein the surface of the polyethylene layer is coated with an antibacterial layer.
In order to further simplify the preparation process and reduce the preparation cost while maintaining the high water-oxygen barrier property and antibacterial property of the food packaging plastic film, a novel preparation method of the food packaging plastic film is needed to realize the low-cost preparation of the high-barrier food packaging film.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of complex and tedious preparation process and higher cost of the food plastic packaging material prepared by adding inorganic substances, the invention provides the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging and the low-cost preparation method, so that the high barrier property of the food packaging plastic film is effectively realized, the antibacterial property is excellent, and the preparation is simple and the cost is low.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-cost preparation method of an antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, mixing isopropanol and water to prepare hydrolysate, then adding an aluminum source to fully stir, coating the obtained aluminum source/hydrolysate on the surface of a base film, drying the base film in a forced air drying oven, and forming a pseudoboehmite blocking layer with the thickness of 5-20 mu m on the surface of the base film to obtain a plastic film with the blocking layer on the surface;
(2) preparing silver ammonia solution, and then adding the silver ammonia solution into the chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution for fully stirring; under the microwave heating condition, adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution serving as a reducing agent to be sprayed on the surface of the plastic film with the barrier layer for reaction, fixing the pseudo-boehmite barrier layer by the nano-silver antibacterial agent obtained by reduction and the chitosan film separated out by drying, and drying to obtain the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging.
Preferably, the aluminum source is aluminum isopropoxide.
Preferably, the base film is a single-layer film or a composite film consisting of more than two of a CPP film, an LDPE film, an HDPE film, a BOPP film, a PET film, a BOPET film, a BOPA film and a PVDC film, and the thickness of the base film is 40-250 μm.
Preferably, the concentration of the silver ammonia solution is 0.05-0.1 mol/L.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the isopropanol to the water to the aluminum source is 100:40-80: 10-40.
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step (1) is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 12-13 h.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the chitosan to the silver ammonia solution is 100:1-4: 50-100. The chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution is used as a reducing agent, wherein the dosage of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is 20% of the mass of the silver-ammonia solution.
Preferably, the microwave power of the microwave heating in the step (3) is 800-.
Preferably, in the spraying in the step (3), the height of a spray head is 30-50mm, the spraying amount of the spray head is 50-100mL/min, and the reaction time is 30-40 min.
The invention selects an organic aluminum source aluminum isopropoxide as a raw material, and prepares the pseudo-boehmite by a hydrolysis reaction. Aluminum isopropoxide is a typical aluminum alkoxide, and has a lower relative boiling point, is easier to purify and has a relatively low production cost compared with other alkoxides; in addition, isopropanol is selected as a reaction solvent, so that the preparation method has the advantages of obvious price and environmental protection, and high volatility, and meanwhile, researches show that the appearance control can be effectively realized by controlling the addition amount of the isopropanol.
Furthermore, the silver ammonia solution is added into the chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is used as a chitosan derivative for carrying out quaternization modification on chitosan, so that the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt not only has good film forming property, flocculation property, biocompatibility and biodegradability, but also has good antibacterial bacteriostatic property and moisture absorption and retention property, and simultaneously can be used as a reducing agent, and the quaternary ammonium group of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt can reduce metal ions into metal simple substances according to the reducibility.
The invention also provides the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging prepared by the preparation method. The antibacterial barrier plastic film is prepared by adding an aluminum source into hydrolysate prepared by mixing isopropanol and water, then coating the hydrolysate on the surface of a base film to form a pseudo-boehmite barrier layer, and spraying a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution prepared from a silver ammonia solution and a chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution for reaction.
The existing plastic packaging material added with inorganic matters has the problems of complex and tedious preparation process and higher cost, and the application of the plastic packaging material is limited. In view of the above, the invention provides an antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging and a low-cost preparation method, isopropanol and water are firstly mixed to prepare hydrolysate, aluminum source aluminum isopropoxide is added for full stirring, the aluminum source/hydrolysate is coated on the surface of a base film, and then drying is carried out at 80 ℃ to form a pseudo-boehmite barrier layer; preparing a silver ammonia solution, adding the silver ammonia solution into a chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution, adding a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution as a reducing agent under a microwave heating condition, spraying and reacting to fix the pseudoboehmite blocking layer by the nano silver antibacterial agent obtained by reduction and the chitosan film separated out by drying together to obtain the antibacterial blocking film for food packaging. According to the method provided by the invention, the pseudo-boehmite blocking layer is formed by hydrolysis of the organic aluminum source and is fixed by nano-silver reduction and chitosan film forming, so that the film is endowed with excellent blocking performance and has good antibacterial performance.
The invention provides an antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging and a low-cost preparation method, and compared with the prior art, the antibacterial barrier plastic film has the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects that:
1. according to the invention, through hydrolysis of an organic aluminum source, a pseudo-boehmite blocking layer is formed on the surface of the plastic film, and the film is endowed with excellent blocking performance by utilizing the very thin wrinkled lamellar structure.
2. The pseudo-boehmite blocking layer is fixed by nano-silver reduction and chitosan film formation, so that the nano-boehmite blocking layer has excellent antibacterial performance, can prevent leakage and overflow of the nano-boehmite blocking layer, and further improves the blocking performance.
3. The invention simplifies the preparation process of the antibacterial barrier film, does not need to coat or deposit organic and inorganic layers for many times, reduces the production cost and is beneficial to large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the examples below. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
(1) Firstly, mixing isopropanol and water to prepare a hydrolysate, then adding an aluminum source to fully stir, coating the obtained aluminum source/hydrolysate on the surface of a base film, placing the base film in a forced air drying oven to dry, and forming a pseudo-boehmite blocking layer with the average thickness of 12 mu m on the surface of the base film to obtain a plastic film with the blocking layer on the surface; the aluminum source is aluminum isopropoxide; the base film is a BOPP film, and the average thickness is 100 mu m; wherein the mass ratio of the isopropanol to the water to the aluminum source is 100:70: 30; drying at 80 deg.C for 12.5 h;
(2) preparing silver ammonia solution, and then adding the silver ammonia solution into the chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution for fully stirring; the concentration of the silver ammonia solution is 0.07 mol/L; wherein the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the chitosan to the silver ammonia solution is 100:3: 70; under the microwave heating condition, adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution serving as a reducing agent to be sprayed on the surface of the plastic film with the barrier layer for reaction, fixing the pseudo-boehmite barrier layer by the nano-silver antibacterial agent obtained by reduction and the chitosan film separated out by drying, and drying to obtain the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging; the microwave power of the microwave heating is 860W, and the heating temperature is 66 ℃; in the spraying process, the height of a spray head is 38mm, the spraying amount of the spray head is 70mL/min, the thickness is 20 microns, and the reaction time is 34 min.
The test method comprises the following steps:
the plastic film prepared in this example was subjected to a barrier test, and an oxygen permeability test and a water vapor permeability test were respectively performed, wherein the oxygen permeability test was as shown in table 1 with reference to the GB/T1038-.
Example 2
(1) Firstly, mixing isopropanol and water to prepare a hydrolysate, then adding an aluminum source to fully stir, coating the obtained aluminum source/hydrolysate on the surface of a base film, placing the base film in a forced air drying oven to dry, and forming a pseudo-boehmite blocking layer with the average thickness of 5 mu m on the surface of the base film to obtain a plastic film with a blocking layer on the surface; the aluminum source is aluminum isopropoxide; the base film is a BOPP film, and the average thickness is 100 mu m; wherein the mass ratio of the isopropanol to the water to the aluminum source is 100:40: 10; drying at 80 deg.C for 12 h;
(2) firstly preparing a silver ammonia solution, then adding the silver ammonia solution into the chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution, and fully stirring, wherein the concentration of the silver ammonia solution is 0.05 mol/L; wherein the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the chitosan to the silver ammonia solution is 100:1: 50;
(3) under the microwave heating condition, adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution serving as a reducing agent to be sprayed on the surface of the plastic film with the barrier layer for reaction, fixing the pseudo-boehmite barrier layer by the nano-silver antibacterial agent obtained by reduction and the chitosan film separated out by drying, and drying to obtain the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging; the microwave power of microwave heating is 800W, and the heating temperature is 60 ℃; in the spraying process, the height of a spray header is 30mm, the spraying amount of the spray header is 50mL/min, the thickness is 20 micrometers, and the reaction time is 40 min.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(1) Firstly, mixing isopropanol and water to prepare a hydrolysate, then adding an aluminum source to fully stir, then coating the obtained aluminum source/hydrolysate on the surface of a base film, placing the base film in a forced air drying oven to dry, and forming a pseudo-boehmite blocking layer with the average thickness of 20 mu m on the surface of the base film to obtain a plastic film with the blocking layer on the surface; the aluminum source is aluminum isopropoxide; the base film is a BOPP film, and the average thickness is 100 mu m; wherein the mass ratio of the isopropanol to the water to the aluminum source is 100:80: 40; drying at 80 deg.C for 13 h;
(2) firstly preparing a silver ammonia solution, then adding the silver ammonia solution into the chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution, and fully stirring, wherein the concentration of the silver ammonia solution is 0.1 mol/L; wherein the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the chitosan to the silver ammonia solution is 100:4: 100; under the microwave heating condition, adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution serving as a reducing agent to be sprayed on the surface of the plastic film with the barrier layer for reaction, fixing the pseudo-boehmite barrier layer by the nano-silver antibacterial agent obtained by reduction and the chitosan film separated out by drying, and drying to obtain the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging; the microwave power of microwave heating is 900W, and the heating temperature is 70 ℃; in the spraying process, the height of a spray head is 50mm, the spraying amount of the spray head is 100mL/min, the thickness is 20 microns, and the reaction time is 30 min.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
(1) Firstly, mixing isopropanol and water to prepare a hydrolysate, then adding an aluminum source to fully stir, coating the obtained aluminum source/hydrolysate on the surface of a base film, placing the base film in a forced air drying oven to dry, and forming a pseudo-boehmite blocking layer with the average thickness of 10 mu m on the surface of the base film to obtain a plastic film with a blocking layer on the surface; the aluminum source is aluminum isopropoxide; the base film is a BOPP film, and the average thickness is 100 mu m; wherein the mass ratio of the isopropanol to the water to the aluminum source is 100:60: 25; drying at 80 deg.C for 12.5 h;
(2) firstly preparing a silver ammonia solution, then adding the silver ammonia solution into the chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution, and fully stirring, wherein the concentration of the silver ammonia solution is 0.08 mol/L; wherein the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the chitosan to the silver ammonia solution is 100:2: 80; under the microwave heating condition, adding a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution as a reducing agent, spraying the reducing agent on the surface of the plastic film with the barrier layer for reaction, fixing the pseudo-boehmite barrier layer by the nano-silver antibacterial agent obtained by reduction and the chitosan film separated out by drying, and drying to obtain the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging; the microwave power of microwave heating is 850W, and the heating temperature is 65 ℃; in the spraying process, the height of a spray head is 40mm, the spraying amount of the spray head is 80mL/min, the thickness is 20 microns, and the reaction time is 35 min.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 compared with example 1, the plastic film obtained without adding the silver ammonia solution was tested by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 in comparison with example 1, a pseudo-boehmite barrier layer was not formed, and the plastic film obtained was tested by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1:
Claims (9)
1. a low-cost preparation method of an antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) firstly, mixing isopropanol and water to prepare hydrolysate, then adding an aluminum source to fully stir, coating the obtained aluminum source/hydrolysate on the surface of a base film, drying the base film in a forced air drying oven, and forming a pseudoboehmite blocking layer with the thickness of 5-20 mu m on the surface of the base film to obtain a plastic film with the blocking layer on the surface; the mass ratio of the isopropanol to the water to the aluminum source is 100:40-80: 10-40;
(2) preparing silver ammonia solution, and then adding the silver ammonia solution into the chitosan-acetic acid mixed solution for fully stirring; under the microwave heating condition, adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution serving as a reducing agent to be sprayed on the surface of the plastic film with the barrier layer for reaction, fixing the pseudo-boehmite barrier layer by the nano-silver antibacterial agent obtained by reduction and the chitosan film separated out by drying, and drying to obtain the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging.
2. The method for preparing an antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aluminum source is aluminum isopropoxide.
3. The low-cost preparation method of antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step (1) is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 12-13 h.
4. The low-cost preparation method of the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging according to claim 1, wherein the base film is a single-layer film or a composite film consisting of more than two of CPP film, LDPE film, HDPE film, BOPP film, PET film, BOPET film, BOPA film and PVDC film, and the thickness is 40-250 μm.
5. The low-cost preparation method of antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of silver ammonia solution is 0.05-0.1 mol/L.
6. The low-cost preparation method of the antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the acetic acid, the chitosan and the silver ammonia solution is 100:1-4: 50-100.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave heating in step (2) has a microwave power of 800-900W and a heating temperature of 60-70 ℃.
8. The low-cost preparation method of antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the spraying in step (2), the height of the spray header is 30-50mm, the spraying amount of the spray header is 50-100mL/min, and the reaction time is 30-40 min.
9. An antibacterial barrier plastic film for food packaging prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| WO2009052395A1 (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-23 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Applications of shaped nano alumina hydrate as barrier property enhancer in polymers |
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