CN110526529B - Deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage - Google Patents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/488—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields for separation of magnetic materials, e.g. magnetic flocculation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/305—Endocrine disruptive agents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage. Introducing the upper layer sewage into an adsorption tank, adding a magnetic adsorbent, stirring for 2-4h under an alternating electromagnetic field environment, separating and filtering through a microporous filter membrane to obtain concentrated water and filtered water which are enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent, reacting the filtered water through SBR, sterilizing through ultraviolet rays and effective chlorine, filtering through an ultra-low pressure selective nanofiltration membrane, and storing in a water purification tank. And (3) separating and desorbing the concentrated water by ultrasonic oscillation, recovering the magnetic adsorbent by using a magnetic disk, purifying the sewage containing the ARGs in an ecological purification tank, and sending the effluent to an ultraviolet sterilization step. The method has good effect of removing the ARGs in the sewage, does not generate secondary pollution, has high feasibility of industrial operation, and is economic and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage purification, and particularly relates to a deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage.
Background
Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) are novel pollutants, most of antibiotics are water-soluble, and 90% of antibiotics can be discharged out of a body along with animal urine, so that the pollution threat of the antibiotics and the ARGs to a water environment is the first place. The ARGs are mainly present in water environment in (1) wastewater discharged from hospitals, animal husbandry production, water production areas and the like; (2) untreated sewage; (3) sewage, sludge or biological membrane of urban sewage treatment plant; (4) in natural water; (5) in sediment, such as aquaculture sediment and marine sediments. And the effluent of the urban sewage treatment plant is also an important pollution source for discharging the ARGs into a water environment as an important storage place of the ARGs, and the control of the ARGs in the effluent of the urban sewage treatment plant has important significance for reducing the pollution of the ARGs in the environment and reducing the ecological risk of the ARGs.
At present, the methods for removing the ARGs mostly adopt chlorine disinfection, Fenton oxidation and UV/H2O2Oxidation, UV disinfection, ozone disinfection, PACl coagulation, PFS coagulation and the like are used singly or in combination. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN104671618B discloses a coagulation method for removing antibiotic resistance genes in sewage, which mainly removes antibiotic resistance genes in sewage by adding two coagulants, namely polyaluminium chloride (PACl) and polyferric sulfate (PFS), into the grid effluent and the secondary effluent. The invention patent with the publication number of CN104773903B discloses an advanced oxidation method for removing antibiotic resistance genes in sewage, which mainly comprises the steps of grid filtration, precipitation separation, Fenton oxidation, UV/H2O2Oxidation disinfection-discharge, removing antibiotic resistance genes in the sewage. The invention patent with the publication number of CN103121768A discloses a method for removing antibiotic resistance genes in water, which is characterized in that the water after sedimentation is subjected to microwave radiation in a glass fiber reinforced plastic pipeline for 30-600 s so as to destroy the antibiotic resistance genes in the water; and the water body after microwave radiation enters an activated carbon filter for filtering, so that the antibiotic resistance genes in the water body are completely removed.
The above processes have certain effects, but because the sewage quantity is large, especially when the concentration of the ARGs in the sewage is high, a large amount of medicines are needed, the secondary pollution is serious, and the processes are not environment-friendly and uneconomical. The ARGs in the water body are inactivated by microwaves, so that the engineering is large, and the requirement on hardware facilities of equipment is high. Therefore, a new technology which has good removal effect, is economic and environment-friendly, has high industrial operation feasibility and can be developed sustainably is adopted in the sewage with higher concentration of the ARGs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage comprises the following steps:
(1) filtering raw water by a grid to remove large-particle solid matters, introducing the solid matters into a coagulation tank, adding a coagulant according to the measurement of 70-80mg/L, stirring for 20-30min, standing for precipitation, and separating bottom sludge and upper-layer sewage;
(2) introducing the upper-layer sewage of the step (1) into an adsorption tank, adding a magnetic adsorbent according to the metering of 1-10g/L, stirring for 2-4h under the environment of an alternating electromagnetic field, and separating and filtering through a microporous membrane to obtain concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent and filtered water;
(3) pumping the filtered water to an SBR reactor, removing ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and solid particles in the water, introducing the effluent of the SBR reactor into a photocatalytic reactor, and sterilizing for 30-60min by using ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 100-400nm and the dosage of 400-600mJ/cm 2;
(4) adding 1-5mg/L of available chlorine into the wastewater subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment in the step (3), stirring and reacting for 10-20min, filtering the obtained sterilized water by an ultra-low pressure selective nanofiltration membrane, and storing the filtered sterilized water in a water purification tank;
(5) adding the concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent in the step (2) into the sterilized water in the step (4) according to the volume ratio of 1:1-2 for dilution, adding sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-5, applying ultrasonic oscillation with the frequency of 20-40MHz to separate the magnetic adsorbent and the adsorbed substances, simultaneously utilizing the rotation of a magnetic disk to recover the magnetic adsorbent for reuse, filtering, adding sodium hydroxide into sewage to adjust the pH value to be neutral, pumping to an ecological purification tank, and storing purified water in a water purification tank after the purified water is treated in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4).
Further, the magnetic adsorbent in the step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nano-scale magnetic powder, 500-800 parts of sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 wt%, 400 parts of 300-400 parts of calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 wt%, 30-50 parts of nano-scale silicon dioxide, 10-12 parts of calcium stearate, 300 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 4-6 wt%, 60-90 parts of hydroxyl acrylate monomer, 15-25 parts of styrene, 4-6 parts of ionic emulsifier, 0.5-1 part of initiator, 0.5-1.5 parts of cross-linking agent, 1-1.5 parts of pore-making agent, 0.5-1 part of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of dispersing agent and 300 parts of 250-doped deionized water.
Further, the preparation method of the magnetic adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the nanoscale magnetic powder with the components and the sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 wt% to obtain a suspension, firstly, dropwise adding 10-30 drops of the calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 2-3 wt% into the suspension, stirring for 3-5min, then introducing the rest calcium chloride solution, crosslinking for 20-24h at 10-20 ℃ to obtain magnetic powder gel particles, and crushing the magnetic powder gel particles and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to form magnetic powder gel powder; the magnetic powder can form response with an alternating electromagnetic field, and the adsorption ratio of the resistance genes in the sewage is improved.
S2: heating the calcium stearate to a molten state at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, adding the nano-scale silicon dioxide, grinding and stirring for 30-40min, cooling to the temperature of 90-100 ℃, adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 4-6 wt% and a dispersing agent, and fully stirring to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid; the silicon dioxide modified by calcium stearate is heated more uniformly and stably to the heat energy generated by the alternating magnetic field, the expansion rate of the magnetic adsorbent is increased, and then the adsorption rate of the antagonistic genes is improved.
S3: adding the hydroxyl acrylate monomer, styrene, an initiator and an ionic emulsifier into the deionized water for emulsification reaction for 1-2h to obtain an emulsion, adding the cross-linking agent into the emulsion, heating to 70-80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and reacting for 2-3h to obtain a hydroxyl acrylate copolymer emulsion;
s4: adding the magnetic powder gel powder into the hydroxyl acrylate copolymer emulsion, fully stirring, adding the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, the coupling agent and the pore-forming agent, stirring at a low speed of 20-40r/min for 1-2h at 20-30 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain the magnetic adsorbent.
Further, the sewage is treated by a conventional process in an SBR reactor, and the difference is that mixed gas of air and ozone with the volume ratio of 5:1 is adopted for aeration for 5-6h, and the dissolved oxygen is 2-3 mg/L.
Further, the process parameters of the alternating electromagnetic field are as follows: and (3) alternately applying 50-300KHZ high-frequency signals at two ends of the adsorption tank respectively, wherein the waveform of the high-frequency signals changes in a sine way, and the period is 10-15 min. And (3) utilizing alternating electromagnetic to assist the magnetic adsorbent to adsorb the resistance genes specifically.
Further, the ecological purifying pool comprises ecological filler balls and aquatic purifying plants.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the ecological filler ball comprises the following steps: taking 40-50 parts of the sludge in the step (1), 18-23 parts of fermented bean dregs, 8-10 parts of smokeless carbon powder and 6-8 parts of wood fiber, mixing and fully stirring, adding water to control the total content of the materials to be 25-28%, mixing and granulating into spherical materials, preheating the spherical materials to 300-1250 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3min, heating to 1200-1250 ℃, and roasting for 5-10min to prepare the ecological filler balls. The sludge in the process can be used for waste utilization, the smokeless carbon powder can play a good role in adsorption and purification, the fermented bean dregs can provide partial nutrients for aquatic plants, and the wood fibers play a role in bonding.
Furthermore, the aquatic purifying plant is any combination of the azolla imbricata and the cress, the reed, the allium mongolicum regel and the calamus. The resistance gene of the azolla imbricata has high purification rate, and can be matched with other aquatic plants to greatly purify water quality.
Further, the magnetic adsorbent recovered in the step (5) is reused after microwave drying and sterilization.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, an alternating magnetic field is used for assisting a magnetic adsorbent to adsorb the ARGs in the sewage, and the ARGs are separated and filtered by a microporous filter membrane to obtain concentrated water enriched with the ARGs, so that the concentration of the ARGs in the sewage can be greatly reduced, the sewage is subjected to subsequent treatment and sterilization, the concentrated water enriched with the ARGs is subjected to further concentrated treatment on the high-concentration ARGs by an ecological purification tank, and the effluent is subjected to subsequent sterilization and disinfection. The invention can purify a small amount of concentrated water after the ARGs in the sewage are enriched and separated by an ecological method, greatly reduce the content of the ARGs in a large amount of sewage, reduce the dosage of chemical reagents, reduce the cost, simplify the process and improve the removal rate of the ARGs. And the magnetic adsorbent can be recycled, so that the magnetic adsorbent is more economic and environment-friendly. In a word, the method has good effect of removing the ARGs in the sewage, does not generate secondary pollution, has high feasibility of industrial operation, and is economic and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the deep purification process for removing the ARGs in the sewage comprises the following steps:
(1) filtering raw water by grids to remove large-particle solid matters, introducing the raw water into a coagulation tank, adding polyaluminium chloride according to the measurement of 70mg/L, stirring for 20min, standing for precipitation, and separating bottom sludge and upper-layer sewage;
(2) introducing the upper-layer sewage of the step (1) into an adsorption tank, adding a magnetic adsorbent according to the measurement of 1g/L, stirring for 2 hours under the environment of an alternating electromagnetic field, and separating and filtering through a microporous filter membrane to obtain concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent and filtered water; the process parameters of the alternating electromagnetic field are as follows: high-frequency signals of 50KHZ are alternately applied to two ends of the adsorption tank respectively, the waveform of the high-frequency signals changes in a sine way, and the period is 10 min. And (3) utilizing alternating electromagnetic to assist the magnetic adsorbent to adsorb the resistance genes specifically. The magnetic adsorbent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of nano-scale magnetic powder, 500 parts of sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.5 wt%, 300 parts of calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 1.5 wt%, 30 parts of nano-scale silicon dioxide, 10 parts of calcium stearate, 200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 6 wt%, 60 parts of hydroxyl acrylate monomer, 15 parts of styrene, 4 parts of ionic emulsifier, 0.5 part of initiator, 0.5 part of cross-linking agent, 1 part of pore-making agent, 0.5 part of coupling agent, 1 part of dispersing agent and 250 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the magnetic adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the nanoscale magnetic powder with the components and a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.5 wt% to obtain a suspension, firstly dropwise adding 10 drops of a calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 2 wt% into the suspension, stirring for 3min, then introducing the rest calcium chloride solution, crosslinking for 20h at 10 ℃ to obtain magnetic powder gel particles, and crushing the magnetic powder gel particles and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to form magnetic powder gel powder; the magnetic powder can form response with an alternating electromagnetic field, and the adsorption ratio of the resistance genes in the sewage is improved.
S2: heating calcium stearate to a molten state at 200 ℃, adding nanoscale silicon dioxide, grinding and stirring for 30min, cooling to 90 ℃, adding a 6 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution and a dispersing agent, and fully stirring to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion solution; the silicon dioxide modified by calcium stearate is heated more uniformly and stably to the heat energy generated by the alternating magnetic field, the expansion rate of the magnetic adsorbent is increased, and then the adsorption rate of the antagonistic genes is improved.
S3: adding a hydroxyl acrylate monomer, styrene, an initiator and an ionic emulsifier into deionized water for emulsification reaction for 1h to obtain an emulsion, adding a cross-linking agent into the emulsion, heating to 70 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and reacting for 2h to obtain a hydroxyl acrylate copolymer emulsion;
s4: adding the magnetic powder gel powder into the hydroxy acrylic ester copolymer emulsion, fully stirring, adding the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, the coupling agent and the pore-forming agent, stirring at the low speed of 20r/min for 1h at the temperature of 20 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain the magnetic adsorbent.
(3) Pumping the filtered water to an SBR reactor, and treating by adopting a conventional process, wherein the difference is that mixed gas of air and ozone with the volume ratio of 5:1 is adopted for aeration for 5 hours, and the dissolved oxygen is 2 mg/L. Removing ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and solid particles in water, introducing the effluent of the SBR reactor into a photocatalytic reactor, and controlling the wavelength to be 100nm and the dosage to be 400mJ/cm2Ultraviolet sterilizing for 30 min;
(4) adding 1mg/L hypochlorous acid into the sewage subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment in the step (3), stirring and reacting for 10min, filtering the obtained sterilized water by an ultra-low pressure selective nanofiltration membrane, and storing the filtered sterilized water in a water purification tank;
(5) adding the concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent in the step (2) into the sterilized water in the step (4) according to the volume ratio of 1:1-2 for dilution, adding sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 3, applying ultrasonic oscillation with the frequency of 20MHz to separate the magnetic adsorbent and adsorbed substances, simultaneously utilizing the rotation of a magnetic disk to recover the magnetic adsorbent for reuse, drying and sterilizing the recovered magnetic adsorbent by microwave, then reusing the magnetic adsorbent, filtering, adding sodium hydroxide into sewage to adjust the pH value to be neutral, pumping the sewage to an ecological purification tank, treating the purified water in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4), and storing the purified water in a water purification box. The ecological purifying pool comprises ecological filler balls and aquatic purifying plants. The preparation method of the ecological filler ball comprises the following steps: and (2) mixing 40 parts of the sludge in the step (1), 18 parts of fermented bean dregs, 8 parts of smokeless carbon powder and 6 parts of wood fiber, fully stirring, adding water to control the total content of the materials to be 25%, mixing and granulating into balls, preheating the balls to 300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1min, heating to 1200 ℃, and roasting for 5min to prepare the ecological filler balls. The sludge in the process can be used for waste utilization, the smokeless carbon powder can play a good role in adsorption and purification, the fermented bean dregs can provide partial nutrients for aquatic plants, and the wood fibers play a role in bonding. The aquatic purifying plant is the combination of the red river-full flower and any of the cress, the reed, the allium mongolicum regel and the calamus. The resistance gene of the azolla imbricata has high purification rate, and can be matched with other aquatic plants to greatly purify water quality.
Example 2
As shown in figure 1, the deep purification process for removing the ARGs in the sewage comprises the following steps:
(1) filtering raw water by grids to remove large-particle solid matters, introducing the raw water into a coagulation tank, adding a coagulant according to the metering of 75mg/L, stirring for 25min, standing for precipitation, and separating bottom sludge and upper-layer sewage;
(2) introducing the upper-layer sewage of the step (1) into an adsorption tank, adding a magnetic adsorbent according to the measurement of 6g/L, stirring for 3 hours under the environment of an alternating electromagnetic field, and separating and filtering through a microporous filter membrane to obtain concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent and filtered water; the process parameters of the alternating electromagnetic field are as follows: high-frequency signals of 175KHZ are alternately applied to two ends of the adsorption tank respectively, the waveform of the high-frequency signals changes in a sine way, and the period is 12 min. And (3) utilizing alternating electromagnetic to assist the magnetic adsorbent to adsorb the resistance genes specifically. The magnetic adsorbent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of nano-scale magnetic powder, 650 parts of sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.0 wt%, 350 parts of calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 1.0 wt%, 40 parts of nano-scale silicon dioxide, 11 parts of calcium stearate, 250 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 5 wt%, 75 parts of hydroxyl acrylate monomer, 20 parts of styrene, 5 parts of ionic emulsifier, 0.7 part of initiator, 1.0 part of cross-linking agent, 1.0 part of pore-making agent, 0.8 part of coupling agent, 1.5 parts of dispersing agent and 280 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the magnetic adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the nanoscale magnetic powder with the components and a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 1.0 wt% to obtain a suspension, firstly, dropwise adding 20 drops of a calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 2.5 wt% into the suspension, stirring for 4min, then introducing the rest calcium chloride solution, crosslinking for 22h at 15 ℃ to obtain magnetic powder gel particles, and crushing the magnetic powder gel particles and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to form magnetic powder gel powder; the magnetic powder can form response with an alternating electromagnetic field, and the adsorption ratio of the resistance genes in the sewage is improved.
S2: heating calcium stearate to a molten state at 250 ℃, adding nano-scale silicon dioxide, grinding and stirring for 35min, cooling to 95 ℃, adding 5 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution and dispersing agent, and fully stirring to obtain silicon dioxide dispersion liquid; the silicon dioxide modified by calcium stearate is heated more uniformly and stably to the heat energy generated by the alternating magnetic field, the expansion rate of the magnetic adsorbent is increased, and then the adsorption rate of the antagonistic genes is improved.
S3: adding a hydroxyl acrylate monomer, styrene, an initiator and an ionic emulsifier into deionized water for emulsification reaction for 1.5h to obtain an emulsion, adding a cross-linking agent into the emulsion, heating to 75 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and reacting for 2.5h to obtain a hydroxyl acrylate copolymer emulsion;
s4: adding the magnetic powder gel powder into the hydroxy acrylic ester copolymer emulsion, fully stirring, adding the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, the coupling agent and the pore-forming agent, stirring at the low speed of 30r/min for 1.5h at the temperature of 25 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain the magnetic adsorbent.
(3) Pumping the filtered water to an SBR reactor, and treating by adopting a conventional process, wherein the difference is that mixed gas of air and ozone with the volume ratio of 5:1 is adopted for aeration for 5.5h, and the dissolved oxygen is 2.5 mg/L. Removing ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and solid particles in water, introducing the effluent of the SBR reactor into a photocatalytic reactor, and controlling the wavelength to be 250nm and the dosage to be 500mJ/cm2Ultraviolet sterilizing for 45 min;
(4) adding 3mg/L hypochlorous acid into the sewage subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment in the step (3), stirring and reacting for 15min, filtering the obtained sterilized water by an ultra-low pressure selective nanofiltration membrane, and storing the filtered sterilized water in a water purification tank;
(5) adding the concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent in the step (2) into the sterilized water in the step (4) according to the volume ratio of 1:1.5 for dilution, adding sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 4, applying ultrasonic oscillation with the frequency of 30MHz to separate the magnetic adsorbent and adsorbed substances, simultaneously utilizing the rotation of a magnetic disk to recover the magnetic adsorbent for reuse, drying and sterilizing the recovered magnetic adsorbent by microwave, then reusing the magnetic adsorbent, filtering, adding sodium hydroxide into sewage to adjust the pH value to be neutral, pumping the sewage to an ecological purification tank, treating the purified water in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4), and storing the purified water in a water purification box. The ecological purifying pool comprises ecological filler balls and aquatic purifying plants. The preparation method of the ecological filler ball comprises the following steps: and (2) mixing 45 parts of sludge in the step (1), 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 9 parts of smokeless carbon powder and 7 parts of wood fiber, fully stirring, adding water to control the total content of the materials to be 27%, mixing and granulating into balls, preheating the balls to 310 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2min, heating to 1220 ℃, and roasting for 8min to prepare the ecological filler balls. The sludge in the process can be used for waste utilization, the smokeless carbon powder can play a good role in adsorption and purification, the fermented bean dregs can provide partial nutrients for aquatic plants, and the wood fibers play a role in bonding. The aquatic purifying plant is the combination of the red river-full flower and any of the cress, the reed, the allium mongolicum regel and the calamus. The resistance gene of the azolla imbricata has high purification rate, and can be matched with other aquatic plants to greatly purify water quality.
Example 3
As shown in figure 1, the deep purification process for removing the ARGs in the sewage comprises the following steps:
(1) filtering raw water by grids to remove large-particle solid matters, introducing the raw water into a coagulation tank, adding a coagulant according to the measurement of 80mg/L, stirring for 30min, standing for precipitation, and separating bottom sludge and upper-layer sewage;
(2) introducing the upper-layer sewage of the step (1) into an adsorption tank, adding a magnetic adsorbent according to the measurement of 10g/L, stirring for 4 hours under the environment of an alternating electromagnetic field, and separating and filtering through a microporous filter membrane to obtain concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent and filtered water; the process parameters of the alternating electromagnetic field are as follows: high-frequency signals of 300KHZ are alternately applied to two ends of the adsorption tank respectively, the waveform of the high-frequency signals changes in a sine way, and the period is 15 min. And (3) utilizing alternating electromagnetic to assist the magnetic adsorbent to adsorb the resistance genes specifically. The magnetic adsorbent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of nano-scale magnetic powder, 800 parts of sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.5 wt%, 400 parts of calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.5 wt%, 50 parts of nano-scale silicon dioxide, 12 parts of calcium stearate, 300 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, 90 parts of hydroxyl acrylate monomer, 25 parts of styrene, 6 parts of ionic emulsifier, 1 part of initiator, 1.5 parts of cross-linking agent, 1.5 parts of pore-making agent, 1 part of coupling agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent and 300 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the magnetic adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the nanoscale magnetic powder with the components and a sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.5 wt% to obtain a suspension, firstly, dropwise adding 30 drops of a calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 2 wt% into the suspension, stirring for 5min, then introducing the rest calcium chloride solution, crosslinking for 24h at 20 ℃ to obtain magnetic powder gel particles, and crushing the magnetic powder gel particles and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to form magnetic powder gel powder; the magnetic powder can form response with an alternating electromagnetic field, and the adsorption ratio of the resistance genes in the sewage is improved.
S2: heating calcium stearate to a molten state at 300 ℃, adding nano-scale silicon dioxide, grinding and stirring for 40min, cooling to 100 ℃, adding a 4 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution and a dispersing agent, and fully stirring to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion solution; the silicon dioxide modified by calcium stearate is heated more uniformly and stably to the heat energy generated by the alternating magnetic field, the expansion rate of the magnetic adsorbent is increased, and then the adsorption rate of the antagonistic genes is improved.
S3: adding a hydroxyl acrylate monomer, styrene, an initiator and an ionic emulsifier into deionized water for emulsification reaction for 2 hours to obtain an emulsion, adding a cross-linking agent into the emulsion, heating to 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and reacting for 3 hours to obtain a hydroxyl acrylate copolymer emulsion;
s4: adding the magnetic powder gel powder into the hydroxy acrylic ester copolymer emulsion, fully stirring, adding the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, the coupling agent and the pore-forming agent, stirring at the low speed of 40r/min for 2 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain the magnetic adsorbent.
(3) Pumping the filtered water to an SBR reactor, and treating by adopting a conventional process, wherein the difference is that mixed gas of air and ozone with the volume ratio of 5:1 is adopted for aeration for 6 hours, and the dissolved oxygen is 3 mg/L. Removing ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and solid particles in water, introducing the effluent of the SBR reactor into a photocatalytic reactor, and treating the effluent with the wavelength of 400nm and the dosage of 600mJ/cm2Ultraviolet sterilizing for 60 min;
(4) adding 5mg/L hypochlorous acid into the sewage subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment in the step (3), stirring and reacting for 20min, filtering the obtained sterilized water by an ultra-low pressure selective nanofiltration membrane, and storing the filtered sterilized water in a water purification tank;
(5) adding the concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent in the step (2) into the sterilized water in the step (4) according to the volume ratio of 1:2 for dilution, adding sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 5, applying ultrasonic oscillation with the frequency of 40MHz to separate the magnetic adsorbent and the adsorbed substances, simultaneously utilizing the rotation of a magnetic disk to recover the magnetic adsorbent for reuse, drying and sterilizing the recovered magnetic adsorbent by microwave, then reusing the magnetic adsorbent, filtering, adding sodium hydroxide into sewage to adjust the pH value to be neutral, then pumping the sewage to an ecological purification tank, and storing the purified water in a water purification tank after the purified water is treated in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4). The ecological purifying pool comprises ecological filler balls and aquatic purifying plants. The preparation method of the ecological filler ball comprises the following steps: and (2) mixing and fully stirring 50 parts of sludge in the step (1), 23 parts of fermented bean dregs, 10 parts of smokeless carbon powder and 8 parts of wood fiber, adding water to control the total content of the materials to be 28%, mixing and granulating the materials into balls, preheating the balls to 320 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3min, heating to 1250 ℃, and roasting for 10min to prepare the ecological filler balls. The sludge in the process can be used for waste utilization, the smokeless carbon powder can play a good role in adsorption and purification, the fermented bean dregs can provide partial nutrients for aquatic plants, and the wood fibers play a role in bonding. The aquatic purifying plant is the combination of the red river-full flower and any of the cress, the reed, the allium mongolicum regel and the calamus. The resistance gene of the azolla imbricata has high purification rate, and can be matched with other aquatic plants to greatly purify water quality.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 2 except that an alternating magnetic field is not applied in step (2).
Comparative example 2
This comparative example used a coagulation procedure as disclosed in CN104671618B to remove ARGs in wastewater.
The ARGs in the final effluent of examples 1-3, and comparative examples 1-2 were examined, and the effluent quality type I integron (intI1, intI2), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul1, sul2, sul3, sulA) and tetracycline resistance gene (tetA, tetM, tetW, tetQ, tetC, tetE) concentrations (copies/ml) are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, ARGs cannot be detected in the effluent finally when the process of the invention is used for treating sewage, compared with comparative example 1, the alternating magnetic field is favorable for the adsorption removal of the ARGs by the magnetic adsorbent, and meanwhile, the process of the invention has much better effect on the removal of the ARGs than that of comparative example 2.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) filtering raw water by grids to remove large-particle solid matters, introducing the raw water into a coagulation tank, adding a coagulant according to the measurement of 70-80mg/L, stirring for 20-30min, standing for precipitation, and separating bottom sludge and upper-layer sewage;
(2) introducing the upper-layer sewage of the step (1) into an adsorption tank, adding a magnetic adsorbent according to the metering of 1-10g/L, stirring for 2-4h under the environment of an alternating electromagnetic field, and separating and filtering through a microporous membrane to obtain concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent and filtered water;
(3) pumping the filtered water to an SBR reactor to remove ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and solid particles in the water, introducing the effluent of the SBR reactor to a photocatalytic reactor, and treating the effluent with the wavelength of 100-400nm and the dosage of 400-600mJ/cm2Ultraviolet sterilizing for 30-60 min;
(4) adding 1-5mg/L of available chlorine into the wastewater subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment in the step (3), stirring and reacting for 10-20min, filtering the obtained sterilized water by an ultra-low pressure selective nanofiltration membrane, and storing the filtered sterilized water in a water purification tank;
(5) adding the concentrated water enriched with the ARGs magnetic adsorbent in the step (2) into the sterilized water in the step (4) according to the volume ratio of 1:1-2 for dilution, adding sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-5, applying ultrasonic oscillation with the frequency of 20-40MHz to separate the magnetic adsorbent and the adsorbed substances, simultaneously utilizing the rotation of a magnetic disk to recover the magnetic adsorbent for reuse, filtering, adding sodium hydroxide into sewage to adjust the pH value to be neutral, pumping to an ecological purification tank, and storing purified water in a water purification tank after the purified water is treated in the step (2), the step (3) and the step (4);
the magnetic adsorbent in the step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nano-scale magnetic powder, 500-800 parts of sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 wt%, 400 parts of 300-400 parts of calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 wt%, 30-50 parts of nano-scale silicon dioxide, 10-12 parts of calcium stearate, 300 parts of polyvinyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 4-6 wt%, 60-90 parts of hydroxyl acrylate monomer, 15-25 parts of styrene, 4-6 parts of ionic emulsifier, 0.5-1 part of initiator, 0.5-1.5 parts of cross-linking agent, 1-1.5 parts of pore-making agent, 0.5-1 part of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of dispersing agent and 300 parts of 250-doped deionized water;
the preparation method of the magnetic adsorbent comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the nanoscale magnetic powder with the components and the sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 wt% to obtain a suspension, firstly, dropwise adding 10-30 drops of the calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 2-3 wt% into the suspension, stirring for 3-5min, then introducing the rest calcium chloride solution, crosslinking for 20-24h at 10-20 ℃ to obtain magnetic powder gel particles, and crushing the magnetic powder gel particles and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to form magnetic powder gel powder;
s2: heating the calcium stearate to a molten state at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, adding the nano-scale silicon dioxide, grinding and stirring for 30-40min, cooling to the temperature of 90-100 ℃, adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution with the concentration of 4-6 wt% and a dispersing agent, and fully stirring to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;
s3: adding the hydroxyl acrylate monomer, styrene, an initiator and an ionic emulsifier into the deionized water for emulsification reaction for 1-2h to obtain an emulsion, adding the cross-linking agent into the emulsion, heating to 70-80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and reacting for 2-3h to obtain a hydroxyl acrylate copolymer emulsion;
s4: adding the magnetic powder gel powder into the hydroxyl acrylate copolymer emulsion, fully stirring, adding the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, the coupling agent and the pore-forming agent, stirring at a low speed of 20-40r/min for 1-2h at 20-30 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain a magnetic adsorbent;
the ecological purification pool comprises ecological filler balls and aquatic purification plants;
the preparation method of the ecological filler ball comprises the following steps: taking 40-50 parts of the sludge in the step (1), 18-23 parts of fermented bean dregs, 8-10 parts of smokeless carbon powder and 6-8 parts of wood fiber, mixing and fully stirring, adding water to control the total content of the materials to be 25-28%, mixing and granulating into spherical materials, preheating the spherical materials to 300-1250 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3min, heating to 1200-1250 ℃, and roasting for 5-10min to prepare the ecological filler balls.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the wastewater is aerated in the SBR reactor for 5-6h by using a mixed gas of air and ozone in a volume ratio of 5:1, and the dissolved oxygen is 2-3 mg/L.
3. The deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the alternating electromagnetic field are as follows: and (3) alternately applying high-frequency signals of 50-300kHz at two ends of the adsorption tank respectively, wherein the waveform of the high-frequency signals changes in a sine way, and the period is 10-15 min.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the aquatic cleaning plant is selected from the group consisting of red flower, cress, reed, shallot, and calamus.
5. The deep purification process for removing ARGs in sewage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnetic adsorbent recovered in step (5) is reused after microwave drying and sterilization.
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| CN107497398A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-22 | 同济大学 | Utilize the method for variation magnetic field enhancing magnetic adsorbent adsorption capacity |
| CN108993425A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-14 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of compound biological adsorption agent and its application |
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