CN110524289B

CN110524289B - Special clamping fixture for machine tool spindle

Info

Publication number: CN110524289B
Application number: CN201910714372.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐东雷
Original assignee: Jinshang Precision Machine Tool Zhejiang Co ltd
Current assignee: Jinshang Precision Machine Tool Zhejiang Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-03
Filing date: 2019-08-03
Publication date: 2023-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-03
Also published as: CN110524289A

Abstract

The invention discloses a special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle, which relates to the field of machine tool parts and comprises a base fixedly connected to a machine tool body, a pressing mechanism connected to the base and used for propping a workpiece outer ring against the base, and a spindle coaxially connected to the spindle and rotating along with the spindle, wherein one end of the spindle, which is far away from the spindle, is circumferentially fixed with a workpiece inner ring and drives the workpiece inner ring to rotate, and the pressing mechanism comprises a rotary hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the base and a pressing plate connected to the rotary hydraulic cylinder and used for propping the workpiece outer ring against the base. The invention discloses a special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle, which can improve the machining precision of parts.

Description

Special clamping fixture for machine tool spindle

Technical Field

The invention relates to machine tool spare and accessory parts, in particular to a special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle.

Background

Hub bearings are one of the key components of automobiles and are required to carry not only axial but also radial loads, as they primarily carry weight and provide accurate guidance for the rotation of the hub.

The existing hub bearing unit comprises an inner flange and an outer flange which are connected in a rotating manner, and balls arranged between the inner flange and the outer flange, and the automobile hub bearing with the fixing assembly disclosed by the Chinese patent publication No. CN208595158U comprises a hub bearing outer ring, a hub bearing inner ring which is sleeved on the inner side of the hub bearing outer ring, two groups of annular mounting grooves which correspond to each other are formed in the inner side surface of the hub bearing outer ring and the outer side surface of the hub bearing inner ring, a plurality of steel balls are arranged in the annular mounting grooves, sealing ring assemblies are arranged at the two ends of the hub bearing inner ring, and the sealing ring assemblies are in contact with the inner wall of the hub bearing outer ring. In the production manufacturing process, in order to match the installation requirement of later stage, need process hub bearing inner race terminal surface, and ordinary processing mode can only be alone to hub bearing inner race terminal surface processing before whole assembly because the restriction of machine tool, assemble hub bearing outer lane and inner race again, and because can have the assembly error in the assembly process, then can influence the size relation between hub bearing inner race and the hub bearing outer lane because of the assembly error, and then influence subsequent actual installation and use.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle, which is convenient for fixing one of two parts which rotate relatively, so that the other part can rotate in the machining process, and the influence on the use of products due to the assembly error of the later stages of the two parts is avoided.

The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the special clamping fixture for the machine tool spindle comprises a base fixedly connected to a machine tool body, a pressing mechanism connected to the base and used for propping the workpiece outer ring against the base, and a spindle coaxially connected to the spindle and rotating along with the spindle, wherein one end of the spindle, far away from the spindle, is circumferentially fixed with the workpiece inner ring and drives the workpiece inner ring to rotate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, assemble work piece outer lane and work piece inner circle earlier before processing, then support the work piece outer lane tightly in the base lateral wall through hold-down mechanism again, simultaneously, realize circumference fixed connection with work piece inner circle and dabber, thereby can drive the work piece inner circle and rotate around its self axial under the drive of main shaft, the lathe cutter of being convenient for processes the terminal surface of work piece inner circle, and then can confirm the size relation between work piece outer lane and the work piece inner circle after accomplishing this moment, the accurate processing of being convenient for, the assembly error that reclasses and influences the size accuracy that has been processed originally because of between the inside and outside part after avoiding processing separately to inside and outside part, it is more convenient to make processing.

The invention is further provided with: the pressing mechanism comprises a rotary hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the base and a pressing plate connected to the rotary hydraulic cylinder and used for propping the outer ring of the workpiece against the base.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, under the effect of rotatory pneumatic cylinder, can drive the clamp plate rotatory and apply the tight power of supporting in the base lateral wall to the work piece outer lane, drive the clamp plate through rotatory pneumatic cylinder and rotate, and then be convenient for go up the unloading to the work piece, avoid having the clamp plate and blockked the installation space of work piece, utilize the clamp plate can increase the area of contact with the work piece outer lane, promote the stability when supporting tightly.

The invention is further provided with: the rotary hydraulic cylinder comprises a cylinder body fixedly connected to the base, a piston axially and slidably connected to the cylinder body along the center of the cylinder body and axially and rotatably connected to the cylinder body around the center of the cylinder body, a retainer fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and steel balls arranged between the retainer and the piston, wherein a spiral groove for embedding rolling steel balls is formed in the outer wall of the piston arranged in the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is internally divided into two oil cavities by the piston.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when filling oil in one of them oil pocket, promote the piston and remove in the cylinder body, because the steel ball in the holder inlays to establish and roll in the helicla flute of piston, then when the piston moves along cylinder body center axial, utilizes the effort of steel ball to the helicla flute, makes the piston can rotate around its self axial in the removal in-process, and then drives the clamp plate and rotate, makes the clamp plate remove and exert the tight power of support to the work piece while rotating.

The invention is further provided with: the pressing plate is detachably connected with the piston rod.

By adopting the technical scheme, the shape of the pressing plate is changed according to the different shapes of actual workpieces.

The invention is further provided with: and one end, far away from the main shaft, of the mandrel is fixedly connected with a driving spline housing which is used for being circumferentially fixed with the inner ring of the workpiece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rely on the spline housing to be convenient for realize circumference fixed dabber and work piece inner circle, then can drive the work piece inner circle and rotate when the dabber receives the main shaft drive.

The invention is further provided with: the outer wall of the driving spline housing is provided with a spline which is circumferentially fixed with the inner ring of the workpiece, the inner wall of the driving spline housing is provided with a key slot which is axially arranged along the inner wall of the driving spline housing, and the outer wall of the mandrel is connected with a key which is embedded in the key slot.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make drive spline housing and dabber realize circumference fixed, can drive the drive spline housing in step and rotate when the dabber rotates, also can change drive spline housing according to the diameter of actual work piece inner circle, enlarge its application scope.

The invention is further provided with: the spindle is detachably connected to the connecting disc, the spindle is coaxial with the connecting disc, the connecting disc is arranged in the base and rotates relative to the base.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rely on the connection pad can be convenient for fix the dabber to make the dabber can keep being coaxial with the connection pad, thereby when connecting the work piece inner circle in the dabber, make the work piece keep being coaxial with the dabber, can promote the clamping precision of work piece, and then promote the precision of processing.

The invention is further provided with: the base is fixedly connected with a positioning block, the end face of one side of the positioning block, which is away from the base, is parallel to the end face of the main shaft, and the end face of one side of the positioning block, which is away from the main shaft, is clung to the end face of the outer ring of the workpiece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the clamp plate application of force in the work piece outer lane, the work piece outer lane supports towards one side surface of main shaft and tightly is in the locating piece surface, utilizes the locating piece terminal surface to make the work piece outer lane can keep stable when being supported tightly, also makes the work piece keep coaxial with the main shaft, promotes the dimensional accuracy of the part of processing.

In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the rotary hydraulic cylinder is utilized to drive the pressing plate to rotate and move, the workpiece outer ring is abutted against the base, the workpiece inner ring is circumferentially fixed on the mandrel by utilizing the driving spline sleeve synchronously, the workpiece inner ring is driven to rotate by the spindle, meanwhile, the workpiece outer ring is kept stable, the end face of the workpiece inner ring is conveniently machined by utilizing a cutter of a machine tool, and the dimensional relationship of parts is influenced due to assembly errors of the workpiece outer ring inner ring when the parts are independently machined, so that the dimensional precision of final parts is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a sectional view of the rotary hydraulic cylinder of the present embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an oil circuit system;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the projection of the present embodiment toward the end face of the spindle.

Reference numerals: 1. a base; 2. a compressing mechanism; 21. a rotary hydraulic cylinder; 211. a cylinder; 212. a piston; 213. a retainer; 214. steel balls; 215. a spiral groove; 22. a pressing plate; 3. a mandrel; 4. an oil supply system; 41. a hydraulic station; 42. a first oil pipe; 43. a second oil pipe; 44. an electromagnetic valve; 45. an oil feeding pipe; 451. oiling main pipe; 452. an oiling branch pipe; 46. an oil discharging pipe; 461. a main oil discharging pipe; 462. a discharging branch pipe; 5. an oil chamber; 6. driving the spline housing; 61. a spline; 7. a key slot; 8. a key; 9. a connecting disc; 10. a positioning block; 11. a machine tool; 12. a spindle housing; 13. a main shaft; 111. a large round table; 112. a small round table; 14. a lock nut; 15. a gas path main pipe; 16. a gas path branch pipe; 17. a piston body; 18. a pole is arranged; 19. a lower rod; 20. a rotating groove; 23. an upper guide groove; 24. a middle guide groove; 25. a lower guide groove; 26. an inner ring of the workpiece; 27. an outer ring of the workpiece.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The special clamping fixture for the machine tool spindle with the oil supply system 4 is shown by referring to fig. 1, and comprises a base 1 fixedly connected to the side wall of a spindle shell 12 of a machine tool 11 body, a connecting disc 9 coaxial with the connecting disc 9 is fixedly connected to the end face of the spindle 13, a mandrel 3 coaxial with the spindle 13 is fixedly connected to the end face of the connecting disc 9, one end of a workpiece inner ring 26, far away from the spindle 13, of the mandrel 3 is circumferentially fixed, and a pressing mechanism 2 for pressing a workpiece outer ring 27 against the side wall of the base 1 is fixedly arranged on the end face of the base 1 synchronously, so that in the machining process, the workpiece inner ring 26 is driven by the spindle 13 to axially rotate around the base 1, meanwhile, the workpiece outer ring 27 is kept stable, and the end face of the workpiece inner ring 26 is convenient to machine by a cutter of the machine tool 11.

The base 1 is disc-shaped, two ends of the base penetrate through, a large circular truncated cone 111 and a small circular truncated cone 112 which are cylindrical are respectively formed on two end faces of the base 1, and the position, close to the edge, of the large circular truncated cone 111 is fixedly connected to the side wall of a main shaft shell 12 of a lathe body of the machine tool 11 through seven bolts. An inward concave installation space is formed on one side of the large round table 111, facing the main shaft 13, of the disc-shaped connecting disc 9, which is fixedly connected to the end face of the main shaft 13 through bolts, is arranged in the installation space, after the installation, the connecting disc 9 and the main shaft 13 are kept coaxial, a mandrel 3 coaxial with the main shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the center of the connecting disc 9 through bolts, one end of the mandrel 3, far away from the connecting disc 9, extends out of the small round table 112, a driving spline sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the mandrel 3, far away from the connecting disc 9, and a spline 61 which is meshed with the inner ring 26 of a workpiece and is fixed in the circumferential direction is formed on the outer wall of the driving spline sleeve 6, as shown in the combination of fig. 2. In order to promote the connection stability of drive spline housing 6 and dabber 3, set up along its axial keyway 7 at drive spline housing 6 inner wall to be provided with the key 8 of inlaying in keyway 7 at the outer wall of dabber 3, be interference fit between keyway 7 and the key 8, be convenient for realize that drive spline housing 6 and dabber 3's circumference is fixed, then can drive spline housing 6 and rotate under dabber 3's drive, when need changing drive spline housing 6 according to actual product, beat drive spline housing 6 down from dabber 3, rethread change key 8 and install not unidimensional drive spline housing 6 and be suitable for the work piece of equidimension. In the machining process, the driving spline housing 6 and the workpiece inner ring 26 are circumferentially fixed, and the workpiece inner ring 26 is driven by the main shaft 13 to axially rotate around the workpiece inner ring 26.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to fasten the workpiece outer ring 27 when the workpiece inner ring 26 is driven to rotate, the pressing mechanism 2 comprises two rotary hydraulic cylinders 21 fixedly mounted on one side end face of the base 1, which is far away from the main shaft 13, the rotary hydraulic cylinders 21 comprise cylindrical cylinders 211 fixedly connected to the base 1, the center axes of the cylinders 211 are parallel to the center axes of the mandrels 3, a piston 212 is slidably connected in the cylinders 211 along the center axes thereof, as shown in fig. 3, the piston 212 comprises a piston body 17 arranged in the cylinders 211, an upper rod 18 and a lower rod 19 connected to the upper end face and the lower end face of the piston body 17, the whole piston 212 is axially and rotatably connected to the cylinders 211 around itself, the upper rod 18 penetrates through the end face of the cylinders 211, a sealing ring or gasket is arranged between the outer wall of the upper rod 18 and the inner wall of the cylinders 211, a pressing plate 22 is sleeved on the top end of the upper rod 18, which extends out of the cylinders 211, and a locking nut 14 is screwed on the upper rod 18, so that the pressing plate 22 and the upper rod 18 are fixedly connected to the pressing plates 22 in a screwed mode, and the pressing plates 22 with different shapes can be replaced according to the shapes of actual workpieces. In order to enable the pistons 212 to synchronously rotate while moving, a retainer 213 is fixed at a position, close to the bottom end, of the cylinder 211, a rotating groove 20 for inserting and penetrating the lower rod 19 is formed in the center of the retainer 213, a plurality of steel balls 214 are connected to the side wall of the rotating groove 20 in a rolling manner along the circumferential direction of the rotating groove 20 on the same plane, spiral grooves 215 corresponding to the steel balls 214 one by one are formed in the outer wall of the lower rod 19 in the circumferential direction of the rotating groove, the spiral grooves 215 are divided into an upper guide groove 23 extending along the axial direction of the lower rod 19, a middle guide groove 24 which is formed in the outer wall of the lower rod 19 in a spiral manner and is communicated with the bottom end of the upper guide groove 23, and a lower guide groove 25 which is communicated with the bottom end of the middle guide groove 24 and extends to the bottom end of the lower rod 19, and when the steel balls 214 are located in the lower guide groove 25, the steel balls 214 are abutted against the bottom end surface of the lower rod 19. A gasket (not shown) is provided between the outer wall of the lower rod 19 and the side wall of the rotation groove 20 above the steel ball 214. The outer fringe of piston body 17 inlays and is equipped with the sealing washer with the sealed cooperation of cylinder body 211 inner wall, and piston body 17 is divided into two upper and lower oil pocket 5 that do not communicate with each other with the cylinder body 211 inside, and piston body 17 can both keep two upper and lower oil pocket 5 to separate when the inside removal of cylinder body 211 rotates. When the rotary hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the pressing plate 22 to move while rotating, the pressing plate 22 can be extended between the workpiece inner ring 26 and the workpiece outer ring 27, and a pressing force towards the direction of the base 1 can be applied to the workpiece outer ring 27.

The workpiece outer ring 27 is conveniently and stably positioned, the positioning block 10 with the center penetrating through is fixedly connected to the end face of the small round table 112, which is away from the connecting disc 9, through the bolt, the end face of the positioning block 10, which is away from the small round table 112, is parallel to the end face of the main shaft 13, and the workpiece outer ring 27 can be stably abutted against the end face of the workpiece outer ring 27 under the action of the pressing plate 22.

In order to realize the action of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 21, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the invention further comprises an oil circuit system, the oil circuit system comprises a hydraulic station 41, the hydraulic station 41 is communicated with a first oil pipe 42 and a second oil pipe 43, the first oil pipe 42 and the second oil pipe 43 are simultaneously communicated with an electromagnetic valve 44, the electromagnetic valve 44 is a two-position four-way valve, the first oil pipe 42 is communicated with an O port of the electromagnetic valve 44, the second oil pipe 43 is communicated with a P port of the electromagnetic valve 44, an A port of the electromagnetic valve 44 is communicated with an upper oil pipe 45, a B port of the electromagnetic valve 44 is communicated with a lower oil pipe 46, one end of the upper oil pipe 45, which is far from the electromagnetic valve 44, is communicated with an oil cavity 5 above the cylinder 211, one end of the lower oil pipe 46, which is far from the electromagnetic valve 44, is communicated with an oil cavity 5 below the cylinder 211, the upper oil pipe 45 comprises an upper oil manifold 451 penetrating through the cylinder 211 (marked in fig. 1), the upper oil manifold 451 is communicated with two upper oil branches 452 penetrating through one cylinder 211 (marked in fig. 1), the two upper oil manifolds 452 are respectively penetrating through the cylinder 211, the lower oil manifold 462 penetrating through the cylinder 211 are respectively, the lower oil manifold 46 is communicated with the upper part 5 of one cylinder body 211, and the lower oil manifold 46 is communicated with the lower oil manifold lower part of the two lower manifold branches of the cylinder body is respectively penetrating through the base 1.

In order to determine the clamping stability of the workpiece, referring to fig. 1, an air channel main pipe 15 is arranged in a base 1, the air channel main pipe 15 is communicated with two air channel branch pipes 16 penetrating through the end face of a small round table 112, the two air channel branch pipes 16 penetrate through the end face of the small round table 112, which is far away from a connecting disc 9, and a connecting line between the centers of the two air channel branch pipes 16 passes through the center of the small round table 112, an opening of one end of the air channel branch pipe 16, which is far away from the air channel main pipe 15, is blocked by the end face of a workpiece outer ring 27, when a pressing plate 22 abuts the workpiece outer ring 27 against the end face of the small round table 112, air in the air channel branch pipes 16 cannot overflow, whether the air pressure is kept stable is detected by an air pressure detector communicated with the air channel main pipe 15, if the air pressure is unstable, the air is overflowed, the fact that the workpiece is not completely abutted against the end face of a positioning block 10, and if the air pressure value is kept stable, the clamping of the workpiece is kept stable.

The working principle of this embodiment is that the workpiece outer ring 27 and the workpiece inner ring 26 are assembled, the inner wall of the workpiece inner ring 26 is sleeved on the driving spline sleeve 6, so that the spline 61 and the inner wall of the workpiece inner ring 26 are circumferentially fixed, meanwhile, the end face of the workpiece outer ring 27 facing one side of the base 1 is abutted against the end face of the positioning block 10, the electromagnetic valve 44 is controlled to fill one of the oil cavities 5 in the cylinder 211, so that the piston body 17 moves in the cylinder 211, and the piston body 17 axially rotates around itself by utilizing the cooperation of the steel balls 214 and the spiral grooves 215 while moving, so that the pressing plate 22 is driven to extend between the workpiece outer ring 27 and the workpiece inner ring 26, and a thrust force facing the direction of the base 1 is applied to the end face of one side of the workpiece outer ring 27 facing the base 1, so that the workpiece outer ring 27 is abutted against the end face of the positioning block 10. The rotation of the main shaft 13 is utilized to drive the workpiece inner ring 26 to rotate, so that the end face of the workpiece inner ring 26 is machined by means of a cutter, after machining is finished, the electromagnetic valve 44 is controlled to fill oil into the other oil cavity 5 in the cylinder 211, the piston 212 rotates towards the other direction, the pressing plate 22 is driven to move towards the side away from the base 1 and simultaneously move out from between the workpiece inner ring 26 and the workpiece outer ring 27, and the whole workpiece is conveniently discharged from the driving spline housing 6.

The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle is characterized in that: the device comprises a base (1) fixedly connected to a lathe bed of a machine tool (11), a pressing mechanism (2) connected to the base (1) and used for propping a workpiece outer ring (27) against the base (1), and a mandrel (3) coaxially connected to a main shaft (13) and rotated along with the main shaft (13), wherein one end, far away from the main shaft (13), of the mandrel (3) is circumferentially fixed with a workpiece inner ring (26) and drives the workpiece inner ring (26) to rotate; the pressing mechanism (2) comprises a rotary hydraulic cylinder (21) fixedly connected to the base (1) and a pressing plate (22) connected to the rotary hydraulic cylinder (21) and used for propping the workpiece outer ring (27) against the base (1); the rotary hydraulic cylinder (21) comprises a cylinder body (211) fixedly connected to the base (1), a piston (212) axially and slidingly connected to the cylinder body (211) along the center of the cylinder body (211) and axially and rotationally connected to the cylinder body (211) around the center of the cylinder body (211), a retainer (213) fixedly connected to the cylinder body (211), and steel balls (214) arranged between the retainer (213) and the piston (212), wherein a spiral groove (215) for embedding the rolling steel balls (214) is formed in the outer wall of the piston (212) arranged in the cylinder body (211), and the cylinder body (211) is internally divided into two oil cavities (5) by the piston (212); the spindle (3) is detachably connected to the connecting disc (9), the spindle (3) is coaxial with the connecting disc (9), and the connecting disc (9) is arranged in the base (1) and rotates relative to the base (1); the base (1) is fixedly connected with a positioning block (10), the end face of one side of the positioning block (10) deviating from the base (1) is parallel to the end face of the main shaft (13), and the end face of one side of the positioning block (10) deviating from the main shaft (13) is clung to the end face of the workpiece outer ring (27).

2. The special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the pressing plate (22) is detachably connected with the piston (212) rod.

3. The special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the mandrel (3) far away from the main shaft (13) is fixedly connected with a driving spline housing (6) which is used for being circumferentially fixed with the inner ring (26) of the workpiece.

4. A special clamping fixture for a machine tool spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outer wall of the driving spline housing (6) is provided with a spline (61) which is circumferentially fixed with the inner ring (26) of the workpiece, the inner wall of the driving spline housing (6) is provided with a key slot (7) which is axially arranged along the inner wall of the driving spline housing, and the outer wall of the mandrel (3) is connected with a key (8) which is embedded in the key slot (7).