CN110523388B - Gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of organic-inorganic composite functional material preparation. Uniformly mixing the gelatin aqueous solution and the attapulgite water suspension, adding a plasticizer, stirring in a water bath kettle at 50-80 ℃, and finally spreading the film liquid on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate at 25-40 ℃ to dry and form a film, thereby preparing a gelatin/nano attapulgite composite film; after the composite membrane is air-dried, crosslinking in glutaraldehyde saturated steam at room temperature; the crosslinked membrane was then washed with distilled water and dried at room temperature. The prepared adsorption membrane material can be widely used in the fields of adsorption separation of azo dyes and the like, so that the adsorbed membrane can be well separated from the solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of organic-inorganic composite functional materials, and particularly relates to a gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption membrane material and a preparation method thereof. The material can be used in the fields of dye adsorption and separation and the like.
Background
Synthetic organic dyes are widely used in consumer products. However, a large amount of organic dye wastewater is discharged into the environment without being treated. The dye wastewater poses serious threats to human health and environment, and how to treat the dye wastewater is a problem to be solved urgently. At present, the methods for treating dye wastewater mainly comprise three methods of physical separation, chemical treatment and biodegradation. Mainly comprises adsorption, flocculation, ion exchange, a bioreactor, a membrane process, electrochemical treatment and the like. Among these techniques, adsorption is considered to be the best choice. With the progress of research, the adsorbents with low price, large adsorption capacity and high adsorption efficiency are developed in a large number. However, how to remove the adsorbent having adsorbed the dye molecules from the treated dye wastewater becomes another new problem. This not only reduces the efficiency of the overall process, but also causes secondary pollution. Thus, the adsorbent is typically supported on some organic or inorganic material, or combined with other methods, to avoid the problem that arises when using only the adsorbent.
The adsorption method is one of the most common sewage treatment methods at present due to the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, environmental friendliness and the like, and the core of the adsorption method is to develop a high-efficiency and practical adsorption material. At present, zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, silicate minerals and the like are more researched and applied. The attapulgite in the silicate mineral is widely concerned by people due to the unique layer chain structure, the special surface charge characteristic and the outstanding adsorption capacity to Congo red dye.
However, most of the modified silicate adsorption materials are powder, which is not beneficial to separation from aqueous solution after adsorption. For example, the novel silicon-magnesium material synthesized in the literature (synthesis and adsorption performance of novel silicon-magnesium glue, Hanjun, China oceanic university, 2012) is used for Zn at room temperature2+The adsorption performance of (A) was 18.4 mg/g. However, in actual operation, the adsorbed powder is difficult to completely separate from the solution, and once the powder is discharged with the solution, secondary pollution is easily caused. The adsorption material is prepared into a film with certain macroscopic size and strength, and the method is an effective way for solving the problem of solid-liquid separation after adsorption. Literature (Adsorption of Pb (II) and Cu (II) ions from an aqueous solution by an electrospun CeO2nanofiber adsorbed functional with camera to groups, SYaria, S Abbasizadehb, S Mousavib, M Moghaddamc, A Moghaddab, ProcessSaf. Environ.,2015,94, 159. 171) using CeO2As an adsorbent, the mixed solution is blended with PVP, P123 and TMPTMS to prepare an electro-spun fiber membrane with adsorption capacity to Cu2+The adsorption performance of (A) was 70 mg/g. But due to adsorption of CeO2In the molding processThe process is inevitably wrapped by other components, and effective components are not fully exposed, so that adsorption sites are reduced, mass transfer is not smooth, and the performance is not fully exerted.
Literature (Sandwichlike Magnesium Silicate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Enhanced Pb)2+and methyl Blue Adsorption, C Gui, Q Wang, S Hao, J Qu, P Huang, C Cao, W Song, Z Yu, ACS appl.Mater.Interfaces,2014,6, 14653-containing material 14659) by taking graphene oxide as a template, firstly growing a silicon film on the graphene oxide by adopting a typical method, and then synthesizing magnesium silicate by taking the silicon film as a silicon source to finally obtain the sandwich-shaped magnesium silicate/graphene oxide composite adsorbing material. The magnesium silicate adsorbent grows on the surface of the graphene, so that the utilization rate of the adsorbent is effectively improved, and the adsorbent is more favorably and fully contacted with the adsorbate. However, in this method, silane is used as a silicon source, so that flammable and explosive organic substances such as methanol and ethanol are inevitably required as a solvent for silane during the reaction, which increases the risk in large-scale production. On the other hand, the carrier is single, and the use range of the material is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption membrane and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of a gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption film, which comprises the following specific steps:
preparation of gelatin solution: weighing gelatin, adding deionized water, swelling at normal temperature, and stirring in a 50-80 ℃ water bath to form a gelatin aqueous solution;
b, preparation of an attapulgite suspension: weighing attapulgite, adding deionized water, and stirring in a water bath kettle at 50-80 ℃ to form attapulgite suspension;
c, uniformly mixing the gelatin solution obtained in the step A and the attapulgite suspension obtained in the step B, adding a plasticizer, stirring in a water bath kettle at 50-80 ℃, and finally spreading the film liquid on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate at 25-40 ℃ to dry and form a film, so as to obtain a gelatin/nano attapulgite composite film;
the D composite membrane is crosslinked in saturated glutaraldehyde steam at room temperature after being air-dried; the crosslinked membrane was then washed with distilled water and dried at room temperature.
Preferably, the raw material composition of the composite adsorption membrane liquid in step C is as follows: 1.0-10.0 wt% of gelatin, 0.1-2.0 wt% of attapulgite, 0.1-2.0 wt% of plasticizer and the balance of deionized water as solvent.
Preferably, the gelatin in step a is technical grade, has a moisture of 10.6 wt%, an ash of 0.1 wt%, and a congealing strength (6.67 wt%) of 224Bloom g.
Preferably, the swelling time of the gelatin in the step A is 30min, the gelatin dissolving and stirring time is 30min, and the dissolving temperature is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the stirring in step B and step C is magnetic stirring, the stirring time is 60min and 4h respectively, and the stirring temperature is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the plasticizer in the step C is glycerin, and the content is 0.5 wt%.
Swelling the gelatin in the step A at room temperature for 15-30 min, and then stirring and dissolving in a water bath at 50-80 ℃ for 20-60 min to prepare a gelatin solution with the weight percent of 1.0-10.0;
and in the step B, the concentration of the concave-convex rod suspension is 0.1-1.0 wt%, the water bath stirring temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the stirring time is 30-90 min.
And B, the attapulgite in the step B is of a layer chain structure, the fineness of the attapulgite is 0.9 percent of the balance of a wet sieve with 500 meshes, and the attapulgite is faint yellow powder.
And C, uniformly mixing the gelatin solution and the attapulgite suspension in the step C in an equal ratio, and stirring for 1-6 h at the temperature of 50-80 ℃.
And D, crosslinking the film in the step C in saturated glutaraldehyde steam for 1-10 days at room temperature, and washing with deionized water to remove residual glutaraldehyde.
PreferablyThe water solubility of the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption film prepared by the invention is low and is less than 10.0 wt%. Water solubility test method: the film sample was dried in an oven at 105 ℃ to constant weight and its mass (M) was weighed0，M0The value range is 0.050-0.02 g). The membrane sample was placed in 10mL of distilled water and left at 25 ℃ for 24 h. The film sample was removed and dried in an oven at 105 ℃ to constant weight and weighed (M)1) And calculating the weight loss ratio (%) to obtain the water solubility (%).
Preferably, the composite adsorption membrane reaches adsorption equilibrium in 200mg/mL Congo red solution (0.01g membrane corresponds to 10mL Congo red solution) at 30 ℃ for 20h, and the maximum adsorption amount is 277.8 mg/g.
Preferably, the thickness of the gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film is 70.6-83.1 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the composite membrane is prepared by adopting a solution casting method, so that the attapulgite is uniformly dispersed in a gelatin solution, and a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate is used as a coating plate, so that the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption membrane is finally obtained. Compared with common membrane materials, the raw materials used in the method all belong to natural nonhazardous degradable materials, and meanwhile, the preparation process of the method is simple and green, so that the method is more favorable for realizing large-scale production; compared with a pure powder adsorbing material, the Congo red dye adsorbing material has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation and easiness in separation and recovery, is excellent in Congo red dye adsorbing performance, and has a wide market application prospect.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following will explain in detail the method for preparing the gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film of the present invention and the gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film prepared by the method with reference to a plurality of examples, and it should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only for explaining the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.
Example 1
Step A: weighing a proper amount of gelatin, adding deionized water, swelling at normal temperature, and stirring in a 60 ℃ water bath for 30min to form a 4 wt% gelatin solution;
and B: weighing a proper amount of attapulgite, adding deionized water, placing in a water bath kettle at 60 ℃, and stirring for 1h to form 0.25 wt% attapulgite suspension;
and C: and D, uniformly mixing the gelatin solution obtained in the step A and the attapulgite suspension obtained in the step B in an equal volume ratio, adding glycerol serving as a plasticizer, placing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 60 ℃ for stirring for 5 hours, and finally spreading the membrane liquid on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate at 30 ℃ to dry and form a membrane, so that the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite membrane is obtained.
Step D: and (3) after the composite membrane is air-dried, crosslinking the composite membrane in glutaraldehyde saturated steam for 5d at room temperature. The crosslinked samples were then washed with distilled water and allowed to air dry at room temperature.
The composite adsorption film prepared by the method has the thickness of 73.3 +/-6.4 mu m and the water solubility of 5.4 percent.
The composite adsorption film reaches adsorption balance in 200mg/mL Congo red solution (0.01g film corresponds to 10mL Congo red solution) at 30 ℃ for 20h, and the maximum adsorption amount is 205.56 +/-3.74 mg/g.
Example 2
Step A: weighing a proper amount of gelatin, adding deionized water, swelling at normal temperature, and stirring in a 60 ℃ water bath for 30min to form a 4 wt% gelatin solution;
and B: weighing a proper amount of attapulgite, adding deionized water, placing in a 60 ℃ water bath, and stirring for 1h to form 2 wt% attapulgite suspension;
and C: and C, uniformly mixing the gelatin solution obtained in the step A and the attapulgite suspension obtained in the step B in an equal volume ratio, adding ethylene glycol serving as a plasticizer, placing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 60 ℃ for stirring for 3 hours, and finally spreading the membrane liquid on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate at 30 ℃ to dry and form a membrane, so that the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite membrane is obtained.
Step D: and after the composite membrane is air-dried, crosslinking the composite membrane in glutaraldehyde saturated steam for 14d at room temperature. The crosslinked samples were then washed with distilled water and allowed to air dry at room temperature.
The composite adsorption film prepared by the method has the thickness of 76.4 +/-6.3 mu m and the water solubility of 6.7 +/-0.8 percent.
The composite adsorption film reaches adsorption equilibrium in 200mg/mL Congo red solution (0.01g film corresponds to 10mL Congo red solution) at 30 ℃ for 20h, and the maximum adsorption amount is 102.24 +/-9.59 mg/g.
Example 3
Step A: weighing a proper amount of gelatin, adding deionized water, swelling at normal temperature, and stirring in a 60 ℃ water bath for 30min to form a 4 wt% gelatin solution;
and B: weighing a proper amount of attapulgite, adding deionized water, placing in a 60 ℃ water bath, and stirring for 1h to form 2 wt% attapulgite suspension;
and C: and D, uniformly mixing the gelatin solution obtained in the step A and the attapulgite suspension obtained in the step B in an equal ratio, adding glycerol serving as a plasticizer, placing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 60 ℃ for stirring for 6 hours, and finally spreading the membrane liquid on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate at 30 ℃ for drying and film forming to obtain the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite membrane.
Step D: and after the composite membrane is air-dried, crosslinking the composite membrane in glutaraldehyde saturated steam for 10 days at room temperature. The crosslinked samples were then washed with distilled water and allowed to air dry at room temperature.
The composite adsorption film prepared by the method has the thickness of 71.7 +/-7.0 mu m and the water solubility of 3.5 percent.
The composite adsorption film reaches adsorption balance in 200mg/mL Congo red solution (0.01g film corresponds to 10mL Congo red solution) at 30 ℃ for 20h, and the maximum adsorption amount is 203.95 +/-7.91 mg/g.
Example 4
Step A: weighing a proper amount of gelatin, adding deionized water, swelling at normal temperature, and stirring in a 60 ℃ water bath for 30min to form a 1 wt% gelatin solution;
and B: weighing a proper amount of attapulgite, adding deionized water, placing in a 60 ℃ water bath, and stirring for 1h to form 1 wt% attapulgite suspension;
and C: and D, uniformly mixing the gelatin solution obtained in the step A and the attapulgite suspension obtained in the step B, adding glycerol serving as a plasticizer, stirring for 3 hours in a water bath kettle at 60 ℃, and finally spreading the membrane liquid on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate at 30 ℃ to dry and form a membrane to obtain the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite membrane.
Step D: and after the composite membrane is air-dried, crosslinking the composite membrane in glutaraldehyde saturated steam for 10 days at room temperature. The crosslinked samples were then washed with distilled water and allowed to air dry at room temperature.
The composite adsorption film prepared by the method has the thickness of 70.6 +/-7.2 mu m and the water solubility of 7.9 percent.
The composite adsorption film reaches adsorption balance in 200mg/mL Congo red solution (0.01g film corresponds to 10mL Congo red solution) at 30 ℃ for 20h, and the maximum adsorption amount is 175.58 +/-8.71 mg/g.
The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption film for adsorbing and separating Congo red dye is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparation of gelatin solution: weighing gelatin, adding deionized water, swelling at normal temperature, and stirring in a 50-80 ℃ water bath to form a gelatin aqueous solution;
b, preparation of an attapulgite suspension: weighing attapulgite, adding deionized water, and stirring in a water bath kettle at 50-80 ℃ to form attapulgite suspension;
c, uniformly mixing the gelatin solution obtained in the step A and the attapulgite suspension obtained in the step B, adding a plasticizer, stirring in a water bath kettle at 50-80 ℃, and finally spreading the film liquid on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plate at 25-40 ℃ to dry and form a film, so as to obtain a gelatin/nano attapulgite composite film;
the D composite membrane is crosslinked in saturated glutaraldehyde steam at room temperature after being air-dried; then washing the cross-linked membrane by using distilled water, and airing at room temperature; the membrane liquid in the step C comprises the following raw material components: 1.0-10.0 wt% of gelatin, 0.1-2.0 wt% of attapulgite, 0.5 wt% of plasticizer and the balance of deionized water as a solvent;
the plasticizer is glycerol; the attapulgite in the step B is in a layer chain structure, and the fineness is 0.9 percent of the balance of a wet sieve of 500 meshes;
the thickness of the gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film is 70.6-83.1 mu m.
2. The method for preparing a gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption film for adsorbing and separating congo red dye according to claim 1, wherein the gelatin in the step A is industrial grade, the moisture is 10.6 wt%, the ash content is 0.1 wt%, and the freezing strength is 6.67 wt% 224Bloom g.
3. The method for preparing the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption film for adsorbing and separating the congo red dye according to claim 1, wherein the gelatin swelling time in the step A is 30min, the gelatin stirring time is 30min, and the stirring temperature is 60 ℃.
4. The method for preparing the gelatin/nano attapulgite composite adsorption film for adsorbing and separating the congo red dye according to claim 1, wherein the stirring in the step B and the step C is magnetic stirring, the stirring time is 60min and 4h respectively, and the stirring temperature is 60 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the gelatin solution and the attapulgite suspension are uniformly mixed in an equal volume ratio, and are stirred for 1-6 hours at 50-80 ℃;
and D, crosslinking the film in the step C in saturated glutaraldehyde steam for 1-10D at room temperature.
6. The gelatin/nano-attapulgite composite adsorption film prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| 不同交联方式的明胶及明胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能;郑俊萍等;《材料工程》;20031031(第9期);第1.2节，第2.2.1节，第3节 * |
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