CN110523223B - Advanced oxidation method for waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters - Google Patents
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Abstract
An advanced oxidation method of waste gas containing biological refractory organics relates to an advanced oxidation method of biological refractory organics. Multi-stage countercurrent absorption of waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters; an ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device is arranged between the last absorption device and the penultimate absorption device, and a vacuum ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device; pumping part of the absorption liquid passing through the first absorption device into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding a nitrate-containing or dilute nitric acid solution into the biological oxidation device; or pumping part of the absorption liquid passing through the first absorption device into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding sulfate reducing bacteria and sulfate solution into the biological oxidation device; introducing the effluent of the biological oxidation device into the absorption liquid of the first absorption device; the gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the gas inlet of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-grade oxidation method of a biological refractory organic matter, in particular to a high-grade oxidation method of waste gas containing the biological refractory organic matter.
Background
The volatile organic compound is O in the atmosphere3And an important precursor of PM2.5, which is a key point and a difficult point of air pollution control. The COD concentration of the initial rain in the urban rainfall process is high due to the accumulation of a large amount of volatile organic compounds in the air, and the volatile organic compounds, nitrogen and phosphorus become important pollution sources of the environments such as rivers, lakes, soil and the like.
After the difficultly biodegradable organic matters such as aromatic hydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon, persistent organic pollutants and the like enter the soil or water body, the influence period is long, the influence is difficult to eliminate, and the treatment cost is extremely high due to the difficult biodegradation.
The most ideal method for treating the waste gas containing volatile organic compounds is a combustion method, no matter what organic compounds are, the organic compounds can be completely decomposed into carbon dioxide and water as long as the temperature is high enough, and the combustion method comprises direct combustion, catalytic combustion, adsorption desorption post-combustion and other technologies or technology combinations. Generally, the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters is low in concentration and high in combustion cost.
Biological treatment is the most direct and efficient process for converting organic matter into water and carbon dioxide beyond combustion. The biological treatment method has good effect on water-soluble easily biodegradable organic matters, and has the difficulties of a plurality of technologies and cost in biological treatment of the difficultly biodegradable organic matters. In the remediation of soil pollution and groundwater pollution, the difficultly biodegradable organic matters are also very difficult, the drinking water polluted by the difficultly biodegradable organic matters is easy to cause health problems, and the difficultly biodegradable organic matters in the wastewater also cause abnormal operation of treatment facilities.
The biological treatment method for waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters is poor in effect, the organic matters enter the atmosphere again along with aeration due to aerobic treatment, and the anaerobic treatment cannot be decomposed or enters the atmosphere again along with gas production due to the fact that the activity of microorganisms is inhibited. The organic matters which are difficult to degrade are difficult to be utilized by microorganisms, namely, the water solubility of the substances is poor, the substances have biotoxicity, and the dominant flora period for cultivating special strains is long and difficult due to the diversity of environmental substances when special strains are adopted.
The waste gas containing the nonbiodegradable organic matters is biologically treated, if the generated waste water or leachate is not further treated and is directly discharged into an urban sewer, the waste water or the leachate can enter the atmosphere again in a pipeline, even the safety of the pipeline is endangered, and uncontrolled volatile organic matters can also enter the atmosphere again in the aerobic aeration environment of a sewage plant; surface water, groundwater or soil is contaminated if discharged directly into the external environment.
The drinking water and waste water containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters are generally subjected to advanced oxidation technology, such as one or a combination of a plurality of technologies of Fenton oxidation, ozone oxidation, ferrate oxidation and the like. The waste gas contains nonbiodegradable organic matters such as dioxin and the like which are adsorbed by active carbon. The soil containing the organic matter which is difficult to be degraded biologically is usually prepared by adopting methods or technical combinations such as gas phase extraction, thermal desorption, solidification stabilization, chemical leaching, special bacteria and the like.
The waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters is low in concentration, large in air volume, low in biological treatment efficiency, large in occupied area and high in investment and operation and maintenance cost. Advanced oxidation technologies such as low-temperature plasma and UV photolysis technologies become popular choices, but the problems of low removal efficiency, high energy consumption, easy generation of secondary pollution and the like exist. The combination of UV photolysis-biological treatment techniques has been followed and widely used.
Chinese patent CN105498478B effectively combines gas phase photolysis and liquid phase photocatalytic oxidation, and adds a catalyst into the liquid phase to make the volatile organic compounds enter the liquid phase after photolysis and undergo reactions such as catalytic oxidation and ozone oxidation, so as to finally realize the efficient and stable degradation of organic waste gas. Chinese patent CN207614645U combines ultraviolet advanced oxidation and hydrogen peroxide technology to treat organic waste gas. The Chinese patent CN109268851A utilizes the ultraviolet photolysis combined catalytic combustion technology, uses microwave to drive an electrodeless ultraviolet light source, and uses the electrodeless ultraviolet light source as a heat source for catalytic combustion, and has high degradation efficiency. Chinese patent CN109351187A is to load the fenton catalyst on the surface of mass transfer particles of carbon nano-spheres, the nano-particles accelerate the mass transfer rate of gaseous pollutants to the fenton reagent, and the catalyst on the surface of the nano-particles accelerates the degradation of pollutants in the fenton reagent, forming a coupling effect of particle enhanced mass transfer and catalytic reaction, and improving the efficiency of the fenton reaction for degrading gaseous volatile organic compounds.
Organic matter components in the organic waste gas are more, the advantages of various technologies can be exerted by adopting technical combination to inhibit respective defects, the removal rate of the organic waste gas can be effectively improved, and the investment, operation and maintenance cost can be reduced. The traditional active carbon (or zeolite) adsorption desorption-catalytic combustion combined technology solves the problem of large air volume and low concentration, and the problem of secondary pollution can be solved by the newly-developed ultraviolet light-active carbon adsorption. The invention is based on the combination of ultraviolet photolysis technology and biological oxidation technology, uses ultraviolet light to degrade the organic matter which is difficult to be biodegraded, uses biological oxidation to treat the organic matter which is easy to be biodegraded, and can simultaneously degrade the total nitrogen of the wastewater containing nitrate nitrogen under the condition of permission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to exert the advantages of different advanced oxidation technologies, combine the advanced oxidation technologies to improve the efficiency of the oxidation technologies, and provide the advanced oxidation method for treating the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters, which has the advantages of relatively low investment cost, simple operation and maintenance and relatively high treatment efficiency.
The invention comprises the following steps:
1) multi-stage countercurrent absorption of waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters;
in the step 1), the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters can be waste gas generated in a technological process or waste gas generated by gas phase extraction of soil, water and the like; the refractory organics of the waste gas containing the biological refractory organics can be aromatic hydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon, persistent organic pollutants and the like; the specific method for multistage countercurrent absorption of the waste gas containing the nonbiodegradable organic matters comprises the following steps:
starting a circulating water pump and a fan in the waste gas absorption device; the absorption liquid is water, is supplemented in the last absorption device, sequentially flows back to the penultimate absorption device and the penultimate absorption device, and finally enters the first absorption device; after the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters passes through a plurality of absorption devices, the absorption liquid of the first absorption device contains the highest concentration of organic matters and is mostly water-soluble organic matters, and the last absorption device contains the lowest concentration of the organic matters; 2-5 absorbing devices can be arranged; the pH of the absorption liquid is maintained at 6-9.
2) An ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device is arranged between the last absorption device and the penultimate absorption device, and a vacuum ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device;
after the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters is absorbed by the absorption liquid of the penultimate absorption device, the waste gas is mainly organic matters which are difficult to dissolve in water, enters the last absorption device after passing through the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust funnel.
3) Pumping part of the absorption liquid in the first absorption device in the step 1) into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding a solution containing nitrate or dilute nitric acid into the biological oxidation device; or
Pumping part of the absorption liquid passing through the first absorption device in the step 1) into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding sulfate-containing reducing bacteria and sulfate solution into the biological oxidation device;
in the step 3), the hydraulic retention time of the biological oxidation device is 6-36 h; the nitrate can be used from nitrate-containing wastewater.
4) Introducing the effluent of the biological oxidation device in the step 3) into the absorption liquid of the first absorption device;
in step 4), the specific method for introducing the effluent of the biological oxidation device in step 3) into the absorption liquid of the first absorption device may be as follows: after the absorption liquid passes through the biological oxidation device, denitrifying bacteria oxidize organic matters into carbon dioxide and water by using nitrates, and the nitrates are reduced into nitrogen by the organic matters; the concentration of the organic matters in the solution is reduced, and the organic matters are circulated to the first absorption device to be continuously used as absorption liquid.
5) The gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the gas inlet of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline.
In step 5), the gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the gas inlet of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline by a specific method comprising the following steps: the produced gas of the biological oxidation device contains part of hardly biodegradable organic matters, enters the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device together for further oxidation, and returns to the first absorption device step by step after being absorbed by water in the last absorption device.
The invention is suitable for treating waste gas containing nonbiodegradable organic matters, combines ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation and microbial oxidation technologies, directly oxidizes water-soluble organic matters by microorganisms, and converts the organic matters which are insoluble in water and nonbiodegradable into water-soluble organic matters after the ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation and are biodegradable. After the water-soluble organic matters are absorbed, the concentration of the organic matters in the waste gas is more than that of the organic matters which are difficult to dissolve in water, the oxidation efficiency can be improved after the waste gas enters the ultraviolet photocatalysis device, the waste gas can absorb the water-soluble organic matters and secondary pollutants generated in the ultraviolet photocatalysis device through the last absorption device, and after the absorption, the absorption liquid reversely flows into the penultimate absorption device, so that the waste gas absorption efficiency is improved. The water-soluble organic matter can be continuously used as the absorption liquid due to the reduction of the oxidation concentration of the biological oxidation device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples will further illustrate the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
1) the multistage countercurrent absorption of waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters comprises the following specific steps:
starting a circulating water pump and a fan in the waste gas absorption device; the absorption liquid is water, is supplemented in the last absorption device, sequentially flows back to the penultimate absorption device and the penultimate absorption device, and finally enters the first absorption device; after the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters passes through a plurality of absorption devices, the absorption liquid of the first absorption device contains the highest concentration of organic matters and is mostly water-soluble organic matters, and the last absorption device contains the lowest concentration of the organic matters; 2-5 absorbing devices are arranged; the pH of the absorption liquid is maintained at 6-9.
The waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters can be waste gas generated in the technical process or waste gas generated by gas phase extraction of soil, water and the like; the refractory organics of the waste gas containing the biological refractory organics can be aromatic hydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon, persistent organic pollutants and the like;
2) an ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device is arranged between the last absorption device and the penultimate absorption device, and a vacuum ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device:
after the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters is absorbed by the absorption liquid of the penultimate absorption device, the waste gas is mainly organic matters which are difficult to dissolve in water, enters the last absorption device after passing through the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust funnel.
3) Pumping part of the absorption liquid in the first absorption device in the step 1) into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding a solution containing nitrate or dilute nitric acid into the biological oxidation device; or
Pumping part of the absorption liquid passing through the first absorption device in the step 1) into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding sulfate-containing reducing bacteria and sulfate solution into the biological oxidation device
The hydraulic retention time of the biological oxidation device is 6-36 h; the nitrate can be derived from nitrate-containing wastewater;
4) introducing the effluent of the biological oxidation device in the step 3) into the absorption liquid of the first absorption device, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: after the absorption liquid passes through the biological oxidation device, denitrifying bacteria oxidize organic matters into carbon dioxide and water by using nitrates, and the nitrates are reduced into nitrogen by the organic matters; the concentration of the organic matters in the solution is reduced, and the organic matters are circulated to the first absorption device to be continuously used as absorption liquid.
5) The gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the gas inlet of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the produced gas of the biological oxidation device contains part of hardly biodegradable organic matters, enters the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device together for further catalytic oxidation, and returns to the first absorption device step by step after being absorbed by water in the last absorption device.
Specific examples are given below.
Example 1
The main components of certain organic waste gas are Tianna water, organic matters containing butyl acetate, xylene and the like. The organic waste gas is absorbed by a first absorption device (a water curtain), passes through an ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device, is absorbed by a second absorption device (a spray tower) and is discharged at high altitude.
The first absorption device and the second absorption device absorb water, and the water is supplemented from the second absorption device and flows back to the first absorption device.
Introducing the absorption liquid in the first absorption device into a biological oxidation device, and adding a sodium nitrate solution. The bio-oxidation device is inoculated with denitrifying bacteria.
The effluent of the biological oxidation device overflows to the first absorption device.
The gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline.
Example 2
The main components of some organic waste gas are toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and the like. The machine waste gas is absorbed by a first absorption device (a water curtain), passes through an ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device, is absorbed by a second absorption device (a spray tower) and is discharged in high altitude.
The first absorption device and the second absorption device absorb water, and the water is supplemented from the second absorption device and flows back to the first absorption device.
Introducing the absorption liquid in the first absorption device into a biological oxidation device, and adding a sodium nitrate solution. The bio-oxidation device is inoculated with denitrifying bacteria.
The effluent of the biological oxidation device overflows to the first absorption device.
The gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline.
Example 3
The main components of some organic waste gas are acetone, ethanol, xylene, etc. The machine waste gas is absorbed by a first absorption device (a water curtain), passes through an ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device, is absorbed by a second absorption device (a spray tower) and is discharged in high altitude.
The first absorption device and the second absorption device absorb water, and the water is supplemented from the second absorption device and flows back to the first absorption device.
Introducing the absorption liquid in the first absorption device into a biological oxidation device, and adding a sodium sulfate solution. The biological oxidation device is inoculated with sulfate reducing bacteria.
The effluent of the biological oxidation device overflows to the first absorption device.
The gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the air inlet pipeline of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline.
Claims (5)
1. An advanced oxidation method of waste gas containing nonbiodegradable organic matters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) multi-stage countercurrent absorption of waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters; the refractory organics of the waste gas containing the biological refractory organics are aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons and persistent organic pollutants;
the specific method for multistage countercurrent absorption of the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters comprises the following steps:
starting a circulating water pump and a fan in the waste gas absorption device; the absorption liquid is water, is supplemented in the last absorption device, sequentially flows back to the penultimate absorption device and the penultimate absorption device, and finally enters the first absorption device; after the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters passes through a plurality of absorption devices, the absorption liquid of the first absorption device contains the highest concentration of organic matters and is mostly water-soluble organic matters, and the last absorption device contains the lowest concentration of the organic matters; 2-5 absorption devices are arranged, and the pH value of absorption liquid is maintained at 6-9;
2) an ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device is arranged between the last absorption device and the penultimate absorption device, a vacuum ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device, and the specific method comprises the following steps: after waste gas containing the nonbiodegradable organic matters is absorbed by the absorption liquid of the penultimate absorption device, the waste gas is mainly organic matters which are difficult to dissolve in water, enters the last absorption device after passing through the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device, and is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust funnel;
3) pumping part of the absorption liquid in the first absorption device in the step 1) into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding a solution containing nitrate or dilute nitric acid into the biological oxidation device; or
Pumping part of the absorption liquid passing through the first absorption device in the step 1) into a biological oxidation device added with denitrifying bacteria, and simultaneously adding sulfate-containing reducing bacteria and sulfate solution into the biological oxidation device;
4) introducing the effluent of the biological oxidation device in the step 3) into the absorption liquid of the first absorption device, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: after the absorption liquid passes through the biological oxidation device, denitrifying bacteria oxidize organic matters into carbon dioxide and water by using nitrates, and the nitrates are reduced into nitrogen by the organic matters; the concentration of the organic matters in the solution is reduced, and the organic matters are circulated to the first absorption device to be continuously used as absorption liquid;
5) the gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the gas inlet of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline.
2. The advanced oxidation method of waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the waste gas containing difficultly biodegradable organic matters is waste gas generated in a technological process or waste gas generated in gas phase extraction of soil and water.
3. The advanced oxidation method for the waste gas containing the difficultly biodegradable organic matters according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the hydraulic retention time of the biological oxidation device is 6-36 h.
4. The method for advanced oxidation of waste gas containing refractory biological organic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3), the nitrate is derived from nitrate-containing waste water.
5. The advanced oxidation method for waste gas containing refractory biological organic substances as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 5), the gas generated by the biological oxidation device is introduced into the gas inlet of the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device by a pipeline by the specific method that: the produced gas of the biological oxidation device contains part of hardly biodegradable organic matters, enters the ultraviolet photocatalytic reaction device together for further catalytic oxidation, and returns to the first absorption device step by step after being absorbed by water in the last absorption device.
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| CN108554172A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Dimethylamine exhaust gas controlling device and its technique in a kind of synthetic leather industry |
| CN208449008U (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-02-01 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | A kind of combined type organic waste-gas purification and recyclable device |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1218421A (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1999-06-02 | 帕克斯生物系统公司 | Purification of gases containing hydrogen sulphide |
| JP2010036148A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-18 | Techno Ryowa Ltd | Removal system for volatile organic compound by gas absorption tower |
| CN205435422U (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-08-10 | 北京沃太斯环保科技发展有限公司 | Biological absorption method and photocatalysis method combined effect's exhaust treatment device |
| CN206793295U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-12-26 | 广州玮宇机械有限公司 | A kind of industrial mix waste gas processing equipment |
| CN208449008U (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-02-01 | 广州点蓝环保设备有限公司 | A kind of combined type organic waste-gas purification and recyclable device |
| CN108554172A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Dimethylamine exhaust gas controlling device and its technique in a kind of synthetic leather industry |
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