CN110520626A

CN110520626A - The vapour compression machine including dry type positive displacement unit as main shaft compressor

Info

Publication number: CN110520626A
Application number: CN201880018982.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 拉尔夫·斯蒂芬斯
Original assignee: La Erfusidifensi
Current assignee: La Erfusidifensi
Priority date: 2017-01-17
Filing date: 2018-01-16
Publication date: 2019-11-29
Also published as: US20200386228A1; EP3571408A1; JP2020505544A; WO2018134200A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of main shaft compressors, are designed as Double-shaft rotary displacement machine, for conveying and compression flow medium, especially steam.The main shaft compressor includes a pair of of spindle rotor in compressor housing (1), and the compressor housing (1) includes inlet collector space (11) and outlet collection space (12).The centre distance of the pair of spindle rotor is at least longer by 10% than on outlet side end portion on inlet-side end portions.The two spindle rotors (2, each of 3) driven by electric motor (18,19), and electronic synchronizer mechanism controls the electric motor (18,19) so that the spindle rotor (2,3) is rotated in a manner of contactless.

Description

The vapour compression machine including dry type positive displacement unit as main shaft compressor

Technical field

Cyclic process is preferably based on Carnot's theorem (Carnot ' s theorem), heat dissipation and heat absorption and as in the gas phase The driving of circulatory mediator describes.The use of cyclic process is very frequent, and cyclic process has been in our daily life Become indispensable.These processes include Carnot process clockwise and anticlockwise, for complete needed for cooling task/it is fixed To heat absorption (in refrigeration and field of air conditioning) or in order to absorb heat and radiate using heat exchanger complete heating tasks (keyword " Heat pump ") it is required/orientation heat absorption.For the movement of circulatory mediator, it usually needs the compressor shape for gas phase circulatory mediator The driver of formula.Firstly, circulatory mediator and its special properties are vital.There are various artificial circulatory mediators (usually Chemical production, such as HFC and HFO) and natural circulatory medium (for example, ammonia, propane, propylene, iso-butane, ethane etc.).

However, water is unanswerable Ideal Cycle medium because water has a universal availability, and it entirely without Poison can be used safely as a vapor under low pressure, or even meet most stringent of guilding principle and regulation for safety, therefore water With resource close friend, environmental protection, low-maintenance, efficiently and almost without any potential risks (non-combustible, non-explosivity, not dangerous) The characteristics of.

Background technique

Compressor there is also challenge be because not only needing huge flow in several millibars of working pressure range, But also need very high pressure condition.This causes contractive condition extremely difficult, especially because high temperature, especially because The isentropic index of steam is quite high in this pressure limit, and about 1.327；In contrast, modern refrigerant is located slightly above 1.1 In the range of, the temperature in compressor also correspondingly can moderately increase.

The task of present both vapor compression is completed by turbo-compressor, still, in order to allow them to reply high-pressure section Part, it is necessary to be compressed in several stages, while carry out cooling during rolling.They are them as the essential characteristic weakness of turbine The temperature and pressure condition that only allows moderately to be satisfied with.If having more efficient compressor solution here, due to it Big advantage, steam will be a major progress as circulatory mediator.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of by the normotopia telephone-moving of pressure difference needed for handling and for the tool of normotopia telephone-moving There is the big p/p pressure condition (that is, pressure value is more than volume flow and corresponding operating point) of typical steep characteristics curve known Career field and pressure limit in compress (preferably) steam, which is commonly known as black vacuum, wherein the machine Necessary complete dry type operation (fluid free), and compared with existing turbo-compressor, which should have whole system There is overall efficacy, and be more suitable for entire application field, preferably to meet user in refrigeration and art of heat pumps and other (cards Promise) requirement in cyclic process, especially in terms of bigger pressure limit.

Using gas access cabin (11) and gas exit cabin room (12) according to main shaft compressor principle with 2 axis normotopia telephone-moving Form realize following purpose: subatmospheric (preferably between 6mbar and 300mbar, that is, in classical black vacuum In region) pressure under compressed steam, power bracket be less than 1kW to considerably beyond as Refrigeration Technique (that is, industry system Cold, commercial refrigeration and building air conditioning) refrigeration cycle power or as heat pump cycle power [according to " COP " (as example) value, Required compressor horsepower is lower] 100kW.Here, the centre distance at gas access side (11) between spindle rotor Greater than the centre distance at gas vent side (12), therefore result in producing angle of the crossing α, angle of the crossing α preferably at 3 ° extremely Between 25 °.In this way, following characteristics are provided:

Feature according to the present invention is:

1) electronic synchronizer mechanism, because each spindle rotor (2 and 3) is driven by the drive motor (18 and 19) of its own Dynamic, each drive motor has a FU (22 and 23) of oneself, each drive motor have oneself for detecting spin angular position Measuring system (20 and 21) and each drive motor have oneself FU control unit (24), this just passes through themselves Frequency converter (22 and 23) ensure that these drive motors (18 and 19) are driven with corresponding speed, therefore spindle rotor It can work in the case where contactless each other (that is, 2 and 3).

Then, be additionally provided with by the hollow shaft of respective actuator be supplied to each rotor cylinder-shaped evaporator it is cold But the cooling fluid (9.2 and 9.3) of hole (6), also, bearing (10) is preferably formed as using the mixing axis of grease lubrication all the life It holds or full-ceramic bearing (or being even formed magnetic bearing).

2) cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) is as " the rotary cylinder-block evaporator " for cooling down self-balancing automatically, because It will be in pressure p as spindle rotor cooling fluid₀* with temperature t₀* [these values have certain Technique deviation, for example, pressure is damaged Lose, the temperature raising due to caused by being transmitted inevitable heat] under the water that is evaporated be shifted from the circuit of Fig. 2, and And in cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole, due to rotary centrifugal force, which is inevitably always destined to currently during operation Operating point at that time most there is an urgent need to place.Here, according to the following instructions, cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (preferably) have with Lower feature:

The refrigerating device inside of spindle rotor according to the present invention and have devised " rotary cylinder-block evaporator ", for this Invent it is solved the problem of for it is envisioned that best heat transfer property because can be realized always using centrifugal force Heat transmitting as optimal as possible.Heavy-fluid body portion in the cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole of rotation is constantly mobile from heating surface Lighter gas component, soon to evaporate again, therefore, therefore next liquid portion for heat transfer reaches rotor material To realize the heat transfer wanted, in addition simultaneously, which remains at rotor longitudinal direction due to identical circular cylinder radius value On axis direction, liquid portion to be evaporated is moved to always by centrifugation since maximum evaporation is thus also to need most heat dissipation Position.On rotor longitudinal axis direction, different power distributions is provided for each operating point, therefore, low (see Fig. 9 In value) cooling fluid supply under possess known high evaporation enthalpy difference (enthalpy difference) in the case where, realize As most effective as possible heat dissipation in compression process, it is therefore advantageous that according to Fig. 8, fromIt arrivesCompressor operating line It is precipitous, and obviously more preferable than constant entropy curve (isentropic profile) for compressor.

Following characteristics are suitable for cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole:

A) spindle rotor positive displacement length profile is L_R, cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) is with length L_CWith radius R_C, The cylindrical shape evaporator cooling hole preferably starts between the position E and S in entrance area, and preferably beyond at L Open end, therefore, L_RAnd L_CValue be comparable (roughly equal).Cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) is designed to such " internal structure " preferably has cooling fluid guiding groove (16), cooling fluid distributor overflow launder (17) and supporting point (7)。

B) cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) should be as accurately as possible cylinder-shaped (that is, deviation is far below 1%), wherein For example, it is preferred to set R_CManufacturing tolerance in value, so that above-mentioned deviation tends to lead on the direction of outlet (that is, in place Set in the region of L) bigger R_CValue.

C) spindle rotor made of aluminium alloy carries out joint rotation with " internal structure " completed, wherein for shape At " internal structure ", preferably by with radius R_CCooling fluid guiding groove (16) form and include multiple supporting points (7) cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) is preferably pressed against in support steel shaft at these supporting points, for example, passing through group Then this is become secured using temperature equalization by the way that warmer aluminum rotor block is connect with colder steel shaft by the part temperature difference Connection, wherein only just produce at this moment gas conveying " external screw thread " (31), so that wall thickness w can be minimized, so as to improve Allow the heat of compression when radiating by the heat transfer of shorter path.

The slot bottom of cooling fluid guiding groove (16) is preferably designed such that groove bottom is formed with inclination angle ψ (z), depends on Z location on rotor longitudinal axis direction (commonly known as z-axis), the inclination angle ψ (z) is preferably 170 °≤ψ (z)≤180 ° In the range of, this value depends on the position z in rotor longitudinal axis direction, therefore, because depending on being suitable for the cold of operating point But the current amount of fluid can use lesser filling cross section, and this improves the cooling fluids with less cooling fluid amount (9) along the distribution of rotor axis, (because always only supplying the cooling fluid measured as follows: it makes the gross energy of particular job point Balance gives peak efficiency).Here, cooling fluid guiding groove is similarly configured into screw thread, it is therefore preferred to have as big as possible Pitch, for example, this is to execute by drawing into each rotor as in the case where gas conveys external screw thread (31) Enter cooling fluid (9.2 and 9.3) and leads to the amplification of residual imbalance (such as the pitch of cooling fluid guiding groove is zero, this right and wrong Often bad implementation) the minimizing of the task is (because all liq can with the maximum away from the current point of rotation in rotary system Energy distance gather and is therefore exaggerated residual imbalance).

This influence of residual imbalance amplification is used to the cooling fluid for making to supply for each rotor according to the present invention simultaneously The amount of (9.2 and 9.3) minimizes, since vibrating sensor (for example, using in bearing monitoring) passes through corresponding rotor-support-foundation system In excessively a large amount of cooling fluid show the amplification of this residual imbalance, wherein since (2t rotor is always for different spinner velocities Rotate to obtain 1.5 times fastly), therefore can determine with certainty that the amount of the cooling fluid at which rotor is too high, thus control unit (25) by regulating member (38) can calculate in the present case and correctly adjust (in the meaning of the minimum requirements amount of cooling fluid In justice).

D) in order to compensate for deviation and ensure to be on rotor longitudinal axis direction in cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) and evaporate Water most reliable possible distribution, be R in radius_CCooling fluid guiding groove (16) bottom in addition there are also smaller cooling Fluid distributor overflow launder (17), the smaller cooling fluid distributor overflow launder are arranged in certain from rotor rotation axis At distance, which is greater than R_CValue, but simultaneously the smaller cooling fluid distributor overflow launder have it is small so transversal Face, so that it is R that water included in it, which overflows the section of these cooling fluid distributor overflow launders (17) and drenches radius,_C's The bottom of cooling fluid guiding groove (16).

Here, cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) has supporting point (7) and radius for R_CCooling fluid guiding groove (16) and the embodiment of cooling fluid distributor overflow launder (17) is certainly illustrated only by exemplary mode.When So, here it is further envisaged that other embodiments out.

E) cooling fluid (9) especially added to rotor is always limited in minimum, in some instances it may even be possible to be only to add once in a while Adduction is added in a pulsed fashion, be provided to avoid in this way it is serious unbalance, and in order to allow the maximized meaning of gross efficiency On make transfer cooling fluid stream (9) amount minimize because the cooling fluid stream (9) is in evaporator in the case where heat absorption (35) lack actual circulatory mediator (28) in.Therefore, the cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) in each spindle rotor only receives That water for evaporation required at that time (has such as+1% public affairs conventional in the art at specific operating point Difference).

F) this minimum of cooling fluid stream (9) is for example by for determining the specific circle of each spindle rotor (2 and 3) The known and simple vibrating sensor (for example, being used for monitoring of rolling bearings) of the filling extent of tubular evaporator cooling hole (6) It measures and realizes, because the water increase in specific cylindrical shape evaporator cooling hole (6) can amplify in rotary system Residual imbalance, and (rotation of the 3 tooth spindle rotor of speed ratio of 2 tooth spindle rotors is fast since the speed of spindle rotor is different 1.5 times) because unbalance excitation may be associated with the rotary system of 2 teeth or 3 tooth spindle rotors, adjusted according to minimum It saves cooling fluid amount (9.2 and 9.3).Then, the water for evaporation current desired in current operation point is only provided.

Of course it is also possible to minimize cooling fluid stream (9) using other methods.

3) steam (vapor) outlet (14) of the cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) of each spindle rotor, which is characterized in that Mei Geyuan Tubular evaporator cooling hole (6) is formed with radius R_C2Or R_C3, and steam (vapor) outlet (14) is realized by transverse holes, preferably Ground is in radius R_D2Or R_D3On step after evenly arrange relative to each other, wherein the R at specific spindle rotor_D2And R_D3Than The corresponding R of corresponding cylindrical shape evaporator cooling hole (6)_C2Or R_C3It is worth smaller (that is, several millimeters, such as 2~5mm).

4) the cooling fluid injection unit (33) in working space, for selectively influencing working space (that is, entrance is received Collect cabin (11) and outlet collection chamber (12) between space) in transportation gas temperature.

5) heat dissipation about working space component (that is, a pair of of spindle rotor (2 and 3) and compressor housing (1)), it is described to dissipate Heat be for dry-running machine so it is important, to distinguish two stages:

A) the foundation phase of assembly radiating:

The heat dissipation of working space component can be used as protecting and ensure at any time can be reliable in all operating points Ground avoids the clearance between working space component from reducing (play reduction) (normally resulting in the failure of compressor or " touch Hit ") foundation phase:

This essential requirement is for example flowed by reducing a small amount of cooling of heat dissipation of compressor housing (1) Body (9) is realized, that is, is throttled with the smallest cooling fluid flow (9.1) to corresponding cooling fluid stream (9.1), so that work The thermal expansion for making space components will not jeopardize clearance situation.

Meanwhile in the case where this foundation phase of assembly radiating, it is necessary to ensure that clearance value is (that is, working space component The distance between value) keep in a certain range, that is, due to operation during minimum play value be about that 0.03~0.09mm (takes Certainly in overall dimensions, in centre distance > 150mm large machines, above-mentioned clearance value is greater than 0.05mm), during operation The foundation phase of assembly radiating should be configured so that: not only being reliably avoided above-mentioned clearance and reduced (as essential Compulsory Feature, the minimum play value receive about 20%~50% safety margin), and since the difference heat of component is swollen Swollen behavior, in comparison with these lower clearance values, the clearance value of other operating points can go out greatly 2 times at most 3 times, this will This foundation phase during assembly radiating during by operating can be used to guarantee by control unit (25) now Dry-running machine is realized (be only applicable to wet type rotor in the past) for the first time.

B) the FCT stage of assembly radiating:

(FCT represents final compression temperature (Final Compression Temperature), that is, conveys at the end of compression The temperature of medium, usually highest gas temperature, FCT are usually determined in outlet cabin (12).If should in compression process Volume temperature raising can minimize, then volume compression during power demand (and exactly in the form of " normotopia telephone-moving " That definitely occurred in this compressor provided) usually reduce, to improve compression efficiency (effect).It is known that pressure The heat dissipation needed in compression process also relies on the temperature between the gas in the volume and surrounding's heat-delivery surface of working space component It is poor to spend, and further relates to heat transfer coefficient (being known as quite high value in the case of steam) and heat transfer (this is that aluminium alloy is excellent The reason of material of spindle rotor is made in selection).Therefore, the surface of working space component can be kept as colder by cooling stream, Heat dissipation so in compression process is better, and conveys and rise just with the temperature of the conveying gas in compression work volume of compartment Lower, therefore, compressor operating line becomes more and more precipitous --- it is shown according to Fig. 8Point andIllustratively show between point Out.

This usually realizes the reduction to the power demand of compression, to improve (higher) efficiency.

6) specific application is depended on to require and according to corresponding parameter designing (the i.e. angle of the crossing, rotor length, entrance and exit Centre distance, the head in each end face section and root radius value, gradient and series, and " internal structure " and spindle rotor pair The design of cross section), in compressor design of the invention, for working space component heat dissipation during cooling fluid stream (9) it can be described by following two method:

The cooling fluid being transferred shunts: (cooling fluid stream (9) as shown for example in figure 2), such as showing in Fig. 2 Shown in example, cooling fluid stream (9) shifts from practical circuit and becomes and shunt, this is considered as preferred solution, because it It can make cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) that there is the maximum heat dissipation time in compression process.It is unique the disadvantage is that, when making Core missions are executed in refrigeration technique field, i.e., when heat absorption in evaporator (35), the cooling fluid stream (9) of this transfer is from master It removes in stream and therefore loses.In heat pump, when the thermal output in condenser (36) represents core missions, this transfer it is cold But divided fluid stream will not be lost from circulatory mediator (34).

Therefore, it is applicable in following principle:

If in a manner of specific to the application, by reducing the compression temperature in the FCT stage during assembly radiating The advantages of spending and bringing is greater than the shortcomings that bringing due to the amount of the cooling fluid (28) by evaporator (35) reduction, then by turning The cooling fluid stream (9) of shifting should pass through cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) Lai Shixian as shown for example in figure 2.Here, The particular demands that the amount for the cooling fluid stream (9) being transferred must targetedly and controllably adapt under each situation are general Condition, and adjusted by control unit (25), amount only as follows is transferred as cooling fluid stream (9): utilizing what is be transferred The related utility of cooling fluid stream, the compressor efficiency during heat dissipation improve brought advantage in total energy consideration More than previously mentioned disadvantage.If this approach is no longer able to realize for some applications, just it is applicable in and retouches below " individually the cooling down water flow " stated.

Individual cooling water flow: (as shown in the example in Fig. 6 .d) is if for specific application during assembly radiating It is less than by reducing the advantages of compression temperature in the FCT stage is brought by reducing the cooling fluid amount by evaporator (35) (28) the shortcomings that causing should just implement the as shown in FIG. 6 of the inner rotator disclosed in PCT/EP2016/077063 cooling Individually cooling water flow may thereby determine that ground and the clearance of working space component independently avoided to reduce with circulatory mediator.

But the case where being included really, is, the individual cooling water flow for avoiding clearance from reducing is to a certain extent Compression temperature is reduced again.Certainly, available cooling water temperature is crucial, therefore can not provide usually effective guidance, Therefore it must individually make decision for each specific application.Therefore (briefly) in the hot environment (state of equator Family), available cooling water temperature will be different from cold district (Siberia in winter) in any given time in 1 year.

The evaporation of delay:

If due to huge acceleration value should not occur in cooling fluid guiding groove (16) cooling fluid (9.2 or 9.3) evaporation, the then according to the present invention it is further proposed that coolant liquid (while being heated by the absorption of the heat of compression) is by skin support Pipe (pitot tube) (such as DE 10 2,013 009 040.7 or 10 2,015 108 790.1 described in) siphons away, by Have in kinetic energy than p_CHigher pressure, therefore at point after the compression process, such as in outlet collection chamber (12) In, it is fed back in circuit, then the liquid is evaporated and can absorb heat again, specifically, then adjustable cold But the amount of fluid is so that overall efficacy makes moderate progress.

Under any circumstance, the correct cooling flow in specific operation/operating point of control unit (25) is (with regard to efficiency and not For balance minimizes) it is conditioned, wherein corresponding data are stored in the control unit (for example, according to by mistake appropriate Journey simulation)." trial and error " used also as self study process, wherein system itself attempt to change and using reaction (i.e. energy requirement and Net output) itself to determine the setting for realizing peak efficiency.Current operating point.This method is referred to as " action (action) " method.

Therefore, it is necessary to determine which kind of method best to solve the task specific to application program using as the case may be.

7) according to the present invention, make internal capacity than adapting to current operation point by additional shunting exit opening (15), when In the particular job cabin close to outlet, when pressure is greater than the pressure in outlet collection chamber (12), the shunting exit opening It is opened in a manner of spring-loaded and fraction is allowed to escape into outlet collection chamber (12) from the particular job cabin, so that Harmful excess compression (having an adverse effect to efficiency) is avoided by operating cabin.

Internal capacity ratio (quotient of the operating cabin volume i.e. between entrance and exit), as " iV value ", it is necessary to best Mode adapts to current operation point, to realize most effective (i.e. energy saving) compression, to avoid harmful overcompression or under-voltage contracting.It is grasping During work, iV value can be adjusted by additional shunting exit opening (15) according to the present invention, but must pass through master first Axis rotor determines design.IV value is substantially influenced by following 3 variables:

Centre distance between rotor shaft is (since the angle of the crossing α between rotor shaft is in gas access (11) Place is bigger than at gas vent (12) and changes.

The ratio of rotor head radius and centre distance is μ (z) value in end sections, every on rotor y direction Following equation is used at a point z, wherein in addition purposefully selecting root angle (root angle) γ_F2To maximize nominal Pumpability, specific procedure are also discussed in more detail below.

Rotor y direction gradient (also determine at the same series, i.e., the Operating In Persistent Current Mode cabin between entrance and exit The quantity of room), critical bends speed is wherein grown to known to rotor length as far as possible.When determining the rotor being previously mentioned to parameter, " internal capacity ratio " should root as " iV value " (quotient of the operating cabin volume i.e. between [larger] entrance and [smaller] outlet) According to the isentropic index of pumped (conveying) medium, compression process, particularly heat dissipation during operating cabin volume variation (compress) and It is configured between required compression ratio (i.e. the quotient of outlet pressure and inlet pressure).

For example, which is presented with reference to the value mentioned in Fig. 7:

The gas (steam) of conveying will be compressed, for example, being compressed to 95.9 millibars from 7.0 millibars, lead to compression ratio are as follows:

95.5/7.0=13.7.

Only (there is no temperature change during compression) in the case where isotherm compression, will realize 13.7 inside here Volumetric ratio.

Since the temperature in the operating cabin during " changeable " compression increases, according to the present invention, from currently about 1.327 The isentropic index of steam starts, and provides about 10 using the strong heat dissipation during heat dissipation by cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) IV value, to avoid overcompression and under-voltage contracting.

This iV value is the variation of operating cabin volume, it is the sum of products rotor by related spindle rotor to cross-sectional area What the range (usually by section gradient determine) of y direction generated, now according to the present invention technically by following method Realize the variation of above-mentioned operating cabin volume:

A) each end face part on rotor longitudinal axis direction (is shown as plan cross-section in simplified form in Fig. 3 Figure) change spindle rotor to cross-sectional area, wherein the entrance side cross section of rotor pair is greater than the outlet side cross section of rotor pair.It is main The cross section variation of axis rotor pair is accomplished by the following way now:

Change centre distance by the angle of the crossing α of two armature spindles.

It is high to change section tooth by μ (z) value mentioned at each z location.

Due to centre distance and μ (z) value variation caused by this variation of cross-sectional area of rotor pair result in " iv.a μ value " (referring to Fig. 9), wherein operating cabin range must be considered.In such a case it is necessary to ensure cylinder-shaped steaming Sending out device cooling hole (6), (wherein each spindle rotor has the R of their own_CValue) be along in support root main body (32) most Small wall thickness w and be set, while will consider different critical bends speed, as shown in the example in Fig. 9.

B) change section gradient on rotor y direction (commonly referred to as m): by changing section gradient, creating " iV.m Value " (referring to Fig. 9 as example), usually significant (being greater than 3 times) are greater than " iV.a μ value ", wherein rotor length L_ROn series (quantity in the complete job cabin i.e. between entrance and exit) is still allowed in the critical viewpoint of bending, while observing " grid pole Limit " (still can produce which type of backlash depth relative to backlash width) width) must be taken into consideration including.

Certainly, the two variations are worked simultaneously and with being multiplied on rotor y direction, to reach desired total iV Value, in this example=10, shows in an illustrative manner in Fig. 9.

It is known that total iV value is higher, stronger during the heat dissipation during compression, wherein the reduction of compression temperature is usually led Cause the raising (i.e. the raising of efficiency) of compressor efficiency.

Now, if these pressure values mentioned are deviateed in operating point, additional shunting exit opening (15) ensures ideal Ground adapts to present operating point and therefore carries out effective compression process at any time.

8) each spindle rotor (i.e. aluminium part is non-rotatably located in steel shaft) is made of 3 regions:

A) extraneous gas conveying screw thread (31)

Extraneous gas conveying screw thread (31) is only just made in order to combine after rotation in turn is connected to steel shaft, so that root master The size of body wall thickness w minimizes.

B) root main body wall thickness w (32)

In order to minimize the resistance to heat dissipation, and correspondingly maximize heat dissipation.

C) " internal structure " includes: cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6), with supporting point (7) and lateral support (In Outlet side sealed=for example by seal with O ring) and entrance side steam (vapor) outlet (14), it is used for each working space component The cooling fluid evaporated in cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) from cooling fluid stream (9).

9) as an example, referring to 4 on the rotor y direction for describing spindle rotor design according to the present invention A position (it is of course also possible to there are more or fewer positions), however designed regardless of spindle rotor according to the present invention Illustrate, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, following is all true from gas access (11) to the lower column position of gas vent (12) :

In this case, each position (being typically expressed as z) defined below suitable on rotor y direction.Each In the Section Design of each z location of gas conveying external screw thread (31) of spindle rotor, " the μ (z) about each spindle rotor Value ", has:

Or

In addition, working as μ₂When > 0.6, root angle γ is purposefully selected by being larger than 90 °_F2, wherein head cylinder Body width b_K2(z) it is not less than selected limiting value, such as 5mm.

A) position E:

In rotor to end entrance side, the maximum distance between spindle rotor axis is a_EValue

Cylindrical shape flat (27) according to the invention is more than radius R in the entrance side of 2 tooth spindle rotors (2)_KE2, with Just maximum/highest rotor head speed is expanded to bigger spindle rotor region, wherein preferably, as the example in Fig. 2 is The transition similar to radius that " R.tan " is shown allows even transition.

B) position S:(can also be expressed as the range in several z values)

It is preferred that there is maximum μ value, so that entrance operating cabin receives volume as big as possible without violating the boundary (i.e. cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole, supports the wall thickness at root main body (32), stomata freedom degree, critical bends speed to condition Deng), wherein the equation for intentionally realizing the μ value according to Fig. 3 and being provided for each z location on rotor y direction, such as Shown in example in Fig. 9.

C) position V:(can also be expressed as the range in several z values)

According to tooth height adjustment wall thickness, reduce cross-sectional area, to realize internal compression, while in support root main body (32) With good heat transfer property.

D) position L:(can also be expressed as the range of multiple z values)

Preferably as cylindrical ends, it is advantageously designed to so prominent that enter exit cabin beyond externally threaded end Room, as shown as an example in figure 1.As general view table, the way of example in Fig. 9 shows the preferred particular value of these positions.It draws The Special attention will be given to of line is exemplary, because other positions and other values may be implemented.The parameter mentioned in the Fig. 9 is only shown Illustrate the significant embodiment of " spirit " of the invention.In this case, each position can certainly be embodied as turning The z range in several z values on sub- y direction, rather than just single z location.

10) the specific μ on the angle of the crossing α and rotor y direction according to Fig. 5 between two spindle rotor rotary shafts (z) value combination provides, so that each rotor has cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6), which is being propped up Support root main body (32) on (for example, according to above-mentioned E, the location expression of S, V and L) have minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) w (that is, about with begged for The strength of materials that the tooth height of opinion matches), this (preferably) pore-free rotor for considering gas conveying external screw thread (31) simultaneously cuts open The flexural critical speed of face design and " being suitable for specific spindle rotor " (*), and according to below about critical bends speed Point and the internal capacity ratio that is provided according to previous embodiment of hypothesis.

* " it is suitable for specific spindle rotor " it is meant that according to the speed difference between two spindle rotors, with 1.5 times The atwirl 2 tooth spindle rotor of speed has higher bending stiffness and relatively low gyrating mass, two such main shaft Rotor equably reaches critical bends speed.

11) critical bends speed omega_critical, for two spindle rotors (2t rotor (2t rotor) and 3t rotor (3t Rotor)), by their parameter designing (i.e. in terms of diameter=rigidity), so that their critical bends speed omega_critical Meet:

Here,

Critical bends speed is usually the mass square root of rigidity (including bearing).

In order to realize high speed, each rotor-support-foundation system according to the present invention is implemented as rotary unit (40), in Fig. 6 b Shown in example, this is vital, because balance is provided for complete rotary unit (40), to improve balance matter Amount.

This is because, it is well known that even balancing good single component, it is single that they are then assembled to form rotation Member, the rotary unit are no longer able to individually to balance (actually always 2 axis positive displacement machines of the prior art as a unit The case where).Therefore, as shown in the example according to the present invention in Fig. 6 b, their summation provides more worse than individually balancing Balance quality and from here unchanged rotary unit.

12) by the way that each spindle rotor is introduced compressor housing (1) until spindle rotor respectively during assembly first Head contacts housing bore and is adjusted between spindle rotor and compressor housing by partition (26).Then again by them Secondary pull-out simultaneously fixes them by partition (26), accurately to provide head clearance required between rotor head and shell Value, as fig. 6 c, such as Δ 2.1.

13) bearing has to comply with following rule:

Since bearing is single contact element, it is therefore desirable to be worn, it is therefore necessary to take special care to design bearing. Therefore, it is necessary to abide by with lower bearing rule:

In the case of steam, bearing (axially and radially) is very low, basic load be as caused by high speed, here it is Why in bearing technology the so-called ndm factor is used as speed characteristics, i.e., averagely bearing diameter [mm] is multiplied by speed The product of [rpm=1/min], wherein the machine tool structure under keyword " main shaft bearing " provides accurate design recommendation.If The speed characteristics are more than 1,000,000 mm/mins, then must especially emphasize speed and lubrication.Spinner velocity is due to working region The maximum allowable rotor head speed of interior pumped (conveying) medium is lower than supersonic speed.Steam-limit value in pressure limit is defined as about 400 Meter per second, this is why there is in table with the speed selection of 350 meter per seconds " value " of safe enough nargin, lift according to Fig. 9 For example.According to the present invention, 2 tooth spindle rotors (2) are also cylindric planarization in entrance area, so as in this region not Rate limitation can prematurely be reached because export direction upper rotor part head speed due to small diameter value (see Fig. 9, tabular value) and Decline rapidly.

For the present invention, bearing for example/be preferably configured to mixing main shaft bearing (for example, model XCB70), in two sides It is sealed, with pumped (conveying) medium is properly spaced with the lubricant appropriate for adapting to the service life and by working space shaft seal It opens, wherein these bearing working space shaft seals, in addition to separating and protective device is (referring to the machine tool structure of main shaft seal Ima catalogue), there are also intermediate collection/surge chamber (13) as protection and must (！) avoid any air-flow by bearing, this is total It is the bypass for needing a safety, i.e., with the ventilative bypass (channel, hole) of minimal flow resistance.

Certainly, in addition to above-mentioned mixing main shaft bearing, full-ceramic bearing be also it is feasible, be also possible to if applicable Magnetic bearing, even submerged bearing.

14) the evaporator cooling of working space component can be expressed as in t as shown in Figure 8₀* place has pressure p₀* level Line, as shown for example in figure 2: in order to distinguish, using *, because according to applying specific process simulation, if advantageous, The pressure can define and particularly be different from evaporator (35) in t₀The pressure p at place₀.It can also be by individually freezing It is cooling that circulation is evaporated device to working space component.

15) rotor is replaced to be used as " Tribivari " to 2 tooth spindle rotors (2) and 3 tooth spindle rotors (3), other rotors pair It is also conceivable that (although may efficiency lower), such as: according to the conduct of DE 10 2,016,004 048.3 The rotor pair and classics 2:2- cycloid rotor of " SynchroVari " are to (but having stomata)

16) control unit (25), which meets, specifically applies particular requirement, so that control unit (25) is managed and intelligently adjusted Section, control and monitoring whole system.All related datas are stored in control unit (25), and are collected and are assessed.

17) displacement machine according to the present invention, hereinafter referred to as " Tribivari ", are designed to intelligence system, It is solved by features described below and characteristic, wherein abbreviation " ES " represents according to the present invention, " electric motor is to spindle rotor It is synchronous ".This novel intelligence can be presented by following special tool(s):

(self) diagnostic tool

Supervision tool

It is slightly explained in more detail below and is intended to promote comprehensibility, although may be inevitably under different viewpoints There are some repetitions and " modification ", have slightly different term (due to different viewpoints, this improves comprehension certainly).

Compressor works between following two limitation in principle:

Efficient Compression (minimizing internal leakage, suitable Π i value, effectively heat dissipation etc.) is used as soft limitation

Gap is avoided to reduce (collision) as hard limitation

Challenge (this is particularly suitable for dry-running) to these limitations:

A) the individual (manufacturing tolerance, assembling difference etc.) of every machine

B the variation during) running (deposit is formed, and is made dirty, abrasion etc.)

C) specific operating point (especially pressure limit, volume flow etc.) is depended on

D) change with the variation of environmental condition (it is hotter, it is colder, dirtier etc.)

It summarizes

The each limit of the every kind of compressor under its specific condition is approximately precisely known and can during its service life With (！), which will be better.

Can Tribivari do better than the compressor of today

The compressor (especially dry type machine) of today designed for using in the worst cases, it may be assumed that in other operating points, Higher due to leaking, they can be poor.

Tribivari passes through " PartCool ", management always (！) compressor effect all components hot situation, therefore " all " conditions can be adapted to by lasting self diagnosis and Δ compensation！(Δ usually indicates deviation and difference)

" PartCool "=each component by CU intelligently guide cooling water flow, in addition the coordination of built-in compression ratio

The hot situation of all components be all finally individually (！) and be known always, and the calculation in CU can be passed through Relevant cooling fluid stream is arranged selectively to adjust in method.

How does Tribivari provide its individual * information

* individual=every machine for any time in every case and environment

Check k₀Speed * * simultaneously continues to be compared with storage value

It is reduced by the Σ pressure difference of the function as the time to measure flow resistance

The reversed cooling crashworthiness to be determined as the Δ T of the temperature difference

Measured value is compared with subsequent deduction

... etc..

Due to having the algorithm targetedly compensated for deviation and difference, CU is regular for specific PartCool, By comparing study.

Tribivari both know about at any time can drive in each case oneself load how far:

Calling a) safely avoids collision (gap reduction)

And b) for this " situation ", intelligently maximum compression

Comprising c) pass through oneself comparison independent study (！):

Is what good is what bad=> this leads to relevant optimum value

In addition d) by extrapolation as prediction, it is corresponding to notify " upward " (outside).

That is: Tribivari helps oneself by almost single-handed operation.

What is new Tribivari CU " intelligence " [CU=control unit]

Different from currently the only " half installs " (screw has been pre-machined) controller, the intelligence of Tribivari is this The concept component of new type compressor technology, because whole operation is individually managed by control unit (is especially each Tribivari And its own tolerances and specific use condition/deviation under all conditions, including the continuous variation to it, have it is independent self Diagnosis (！) and prediction, and the process (colder/hotter environment, poor cooling etc.) is persistently adapted under various conditions.This is just It is new Tribivari intelligence.

The compressor of today can only be not suitable with current process and its variation and continually changing environmental condition (such as more Heat).Reasoning is as follows:

A) " oiling screw rod "=injection flow (due to internal leakage, it is essential to radiate and lubricate) cannot be in oil mass and oil temperature Aspect is arbitrarily adjusted.

B) " dry type compressor "=they do not manage its working space component it is all (！) hot situation, therefore only one Good operating point (minimum clearance) otherwise works " unhappiness " at a terrific speed for avoiding collision (gap reduction).

C) in addition, no one of these machines can make its built-in compression ratio (i.e. between overcompression and under-voltage contracting) suitable Answer present operating point (acting on referring to the coolant compressor slided for shell)

Tribivari is substantially superior in this respect, it meets 3 functions simultaneously:

Tribivari=dry type adds μ C plus eta

Key is the addition of these functions.

This is because the enthusiastic condition of Tribivari management all working space components, as follows:

◆ whenever=CU permanently monitor compressor and always by so-called PartCool it is (as described above) adjusting it is cold But fluid stream

◆ complete=about process and environmental condition and all working space components appropriate

◆ flexibly=allow the condition with difference and variation in ambient enviroment in the process

◆ it is comprehensive=to rely in cooling fluid mass flow and cooling fluid temperature suitable for any present case, not only Suitable for an operating point, and it is suitable for entire working region always

◆ synchronization=working space component is management by synchronization (=always in step, without disagreement) always

◆ efficiently=always have during heat dissipation appropriate (rather than according to motto: " The more the better ", but in each case Under all appropriate=intelligence！), best polytropic exponent, and without the overcompression of required pressure and volume flow/under-voltage contracting

◆ intelligence=included study (！) algorithm, there is self diagnosis and prediction or even forward-looking

Particularly, Tribivari is utilized:

A) monitor and manage the hot situation of all working space components

B) therefore, because the gap ACTUAL difference, internal leakage (=entropy) can also be handled by gap size

C) built-in compression ratio is adjusted by the way that additional shunting outlet is appropriate always

It d) is the polytropic exponent compressed by the optimised during heat dissipation

E) to maximize effect

F) temperature levels are adjusted or monitored when necessary in a manner of specific application

G) required conveying gas flow and set point operating pressure are provided by spinner velocity and cooling fluid adjusting.

What constitutes a part of " Tribivari_CU- intelligence " among other business

(more preferable than current " half installs " FU intelligence only in the case where screw)

1) clearance value Δ: the clearance distance between=working space component:

Between Δ 2.1=2t rotor and shell

Between Δ 3.1=3t rotor and shell

Δ 3.2=rotor is mutual

Δ is as the function f (z) on rotor y direction

Δ xy indicates the integral of all clearance distances

Purpose:

Gap is reliably avoided to reduce (=collision),

Understand the size of leakage-gap (for the peak efficiency of each operating point)

Today impossible other purposes ... ..

1.1) according to the following terms (！) partition in the fixing bearing that accurately sets of rotor detects in each AirEnd component Practical individual gap width (especially with regard to manufacturing tolerance and assembling difference):

A) for the Δ 2/3.1 by contacting+retracting acquisition

(... must each rotor assembled, on l carry out alas integral, not in operation ...)

B) for passing through reversely cooling obtained Δ 2/3.1

(... also in k₀It is run after tachometric survey, PartCool subregion)

C) for passing through k₀Measure all Δ xy obtained

(... it is clear, adapted to PartCool, also in operation plus reversed cooling)

D) for the Δ 2/3.1 with hot rotor

(... inaccurate temperature levels/fluctuation/duration)

E) the Δ xy for being obtained by monitoring

(... can not almost access)

F) Δ 3.2 for being obtained by electronic synchronizer

(... note: detecting emergency synchronizing wheel first)

1.2) according to A) to the variation of these gap widths during D) detection operation, as about measured value and/or k₀Speed And/or flow resistance is the same as lasting conclusion ... of the rotation angle delta compared with electronic synchronizer=all using interpolation and extrapolation

2) self diagnosis:

Based on the algorithm evaluation in the CU according to individual gap width 1), the needs to action are determined.Intellectual analysis adds vibration The trend-monitoring (prediction) of dynamic sensor (especially bearing monitoring)

3) process is adapted to, especially in the case where reschedualing:

(=considerably beyond today speed adjust)

Pass through the difference of assessment algorithm and leads to the variation of operation=adaptation particular procedure and its process=such as PartCool adjustment

4) environment is adapted to, especially in the case where environmental change:

Adapt to different and continually changing environmental condition

5) efficiency optimisation:

Lowest energy consumption is remained by most preferably cooling adjust

It not only is directed to single operating point (as previously described), but is directed to whole region

6) temperature controls:

Meet required limiting temperature (especially sensitive process gas)

7) compression adjustment:

Change built-in compression ratio by additional shunting exit opening (15), to avoid under-voltage contracting and overcompression

8) purity of pumped (conveying) medium:

Make the size of the sealing adaptation secondary gas flow of each working region to intermediate cavity

9) basic:

The simulation algorithm being stored in CU, the reaction by each gap width and present case and accordingly adapted to provide, base In continuous extension, interpolation and compare (！) figure, and constantly study.

10) electronic synchronizer:

Each spindle rotor has (synchronization) motor of oneself to add encoder,

Cooling fluid is sent into the cooling screw thread of spindle rotor (band single clutch) by hollow motor axis.

Tribivari helps oneself by single-handed operation, it may be assumed that

Tribivari is intelligent, because (self) diagnostic tool that Tribivari is mentioned in the form of " self diagnosis " is first It first recognizes, if then Tribivari can be adjusted since abrasion, abrasion, dirt and/or deposit are formed and changed Its whole operation behavior by described control tool on this basis, specifically it means that for example in each operation Point, according to the requirement of the process operating point of user under specific circumstances,

A) most suitable gap width is arranged by PartCool or PartCool&Control,

B) each best built-in compression ratio by rear entrance and/or exports preceding setting,

C) and most suitable spinner velocity is set.

State is activated individually based on the Tribivari system stored in a control unit, in the algorithm of control unit In consider Tribivari current state (due to abrasion, wear and/or make dirty, may change deposit formed), and Current environmental condition (hotter, colder, dirty heat exchanger etc.) and current desired operation require (i.e. in volume flow, In terms of stress level, but the power consumption etc. also allowed in the sense that avoiding expensive power peak).

Specific embodiment

Example 1:

Tribivari uses (certainly) diagnostic tool of oneself, that is, by means of k₀Tachometric survey and/or Σ Δ ρ measurement and/ Or algorithm measurement value compare and/orRotor is to inspection and/or reversed cooling etc., any (assessment) group including these tools It closes, for example to determine that the gap width in exit region is reduced by deposit formation/dirty degree.Tribivari can This point is determined with the algorithm in the control unit by their own, wherein each standard is (in the assembling of this Tribivari Period storage) it can be used for different measured values, and linked with corresponding, relationship and explanation store together, then more defeated therewith The measured value entered.Then control unit adjusts adjusting unit of the adjusting tool as Tribivari system, for example, PartCool Two cooling fluid flows (9.2 of cooling and/or enhancing of compressor housing are reduced by outlet side cooling fluid flow (9.1a) With 9.3) arrive spindle rotor.If these diagnostic results (herein as example: the gap width in exit reduces) are unclear, that Tribivari would be possible to continue cooling work space components, to increase the risk that (=collision) is reduced in gap.Due to root By mentioned (self) diagnostic tool and tool is adjusted according to this method of the invention, is now known that each operating point It is limited with these of use condition, and Tribivari not only can be operated safely, but also can be in optimum operation (in the feeling of least energy demand) range.At least through reversed cooling, it might even be possible to which determine for each spindle rotor Gap width (i.e. Δ 21 or Δ 3.1) is reduced, so as to accordingly based upon value table (such as the previously passed FEM being present in CU Simulate calculated) increase relevant cooling fluid flow 9.2 or 9.3.

Example 2:

Tribivari determines that the gap width in entrance area increases by its own (self) diagnostic tool, such as due to Abrasion/abrasion, it is significant by poor compression behavior.In order to compensate for (" rescue ") such case, for example, compression must be increased Cooling fluid stream 9.1b at casing body entrance area.

It is used as self diagnosis based on " PartCool ", in the following manner:

k₀Tachometric survey and/or Σ Δ p measurement and following combination:

Reversed cooling (safety inspection at least as prevention collision situation)

Content and purpose:

In Tribivari CU intellectual domains, for different rotor speed measurement compressor pressing under zero delivery Contracting (i.e. only " offsets " any pumped (conveying) medium at internal leakage and non-discharge outlet place), it is therefore an objective to:

A) the single compression quality level actually reached at the end of assembling is determined as control and is stored in system itself CU In good approval (i.e. in desired range of tolerable variance) as basic output reference, for continuously being compared during operation Pass through extrapolation display trend and prediction to detect a.

B) self diagnosis to detect variation, (such as by wearing, make dirty, and deposit is formed, and operation becomes by abrasion during operation Caused by change, such as medium in process and/or environment)

C) preferably, k₀Tachometric survey may also be reversed cooling as ongoing operation inspection in conjunction with Σ Δ p measurement It looks into, reliably to be avoided collision by extrapolation.

k₀Tachometric survey program:

If it is known that inlet pressure, then in the exit of closing, and due to PartCool, relevant (that is, especially Working space) compressor part determination (！) at hot situation * * (and resulting each gap condition), measurement is reached Outlet (super) pressure arrived, and the quotient for exporting to inlet pressure give the spinner velocity needed for k₀Velocity amplitude, therefore make It is indicated for value table or as function:

Y- axis=be used as p_a/p_iQuotient k₀Value

X- axis=spinner velocity n_R

* is utilized through PartCool&Control, hot situation and is realized by the thermal expansion of all working space components CU intelligence, gap width targetedly can be conditioned and control, in k₀In the case where tachometric survey, individually defined component Further measurement of the temperature for determining that specific compression quality is horizontal, compared with output reference value substantially and during operation It not only shows current state, also shows those variations:

That is: self diagnosis and prediction and tendency.

In addition, the safe enough nargin avoided collision has been determined by reversely cooling, that is to say, that for defined work Limitation:

It can avoid collision safely

It again can most effective compression

Reversed cooling=using the component cooling of component temperature difference simulation " mistake " (reversed), this is during operation later no longer (because persistently being monitored by CU always in the sense that) occurs

K is reused during operation₀Variation in tachometric survey and the reversed cooling service life to detect the compressor.

Simplify:

Reversed cooling can also be executed by the algorithm being stored in CU, as several " no to harm " (what is be easily obtained In meaning) extrapolation of hot fluid temperature (for example, it is preferable to coming from warmed fluid reservoir (33)).

First as general introduction: (and then individually explaining)

(self) diagnostic tool (as example) belongs to Tribivari intelligence below:

1) contact+retract+it fixes

2) reversed cooling

3)k₀Tachometric survey

4) Σ Δ p is measured

5) algorithm-measured value compares

6)Rotor is to inspection

7) it combines and assesses

8) ... etc.. (... other (intrinsic) diagnostic tools can also be added herein)

Tool is adjusted below belongs to Tribivari intelligence (citing):

A) " PartCool ", also referred to as " PartCool&Control "

B)Π_iIt adapts to

C) FU velocity variations

D) " tack-reaction inspection "

E it) combines and assesses

In Tribivari main shaft compressor according to the present invention, the temperature mentioned at least measurement Fig. 1, not only from Cooling fluid and come from component.The entrance and exit region that compressor housing and frame are fixed is very easy to, because they are Fixed (frame-type) component.Rotor in the case where live spindle rotor, at cooling fluid temperature and various load conditions Relationship between temperature is stored in control unit (25), therefore " defining temperature condition " described below is used for entirely Tribivari main shaft compressor always precisely enough known in CU (25), or can be (known several by interpolation What shape and material property) it is converted, obtained each gap condition is also well-known.

These " the temperature conditions of definition " are the lasting prerequisites of these proper use of tools, due to having extensive temperature Measurement point is spent, it is hereby ensured that enough precision.It is (preferably normal similar to simple sensor, such as current auto manufacturing Sensor and widely used sensor)

Since temperature condition is never identical, it is mounted in CU for being converted to uniformly than state Hereafter algorithm will quote the algorithm by term " the temperature condition of definition ".

Individual cooling fluid temperature range at reservoir (10) is flowed by being optionally removed the cooling of associated components Body and the temperature condition for helping to realize restriction.

(self) diagnostic tool belongs to Tribivari intelligence (citing) below:

1) it " contacts+retracting+to fix ": (only when compressor set is assembled)

In an assembling process, the spindle rotor * * of each completion is introduced separately into compressor housing (1), until with its housing bore It completely attaches to, i.e., it is so-called " zero clearance ", that is, touch is realized, wherein must assure that contact between rotor and shell as far as possible It completely (optionally checks and is slightly rotated with hand with fixed rotor-housing contacts by touching cream), therefore shell is preferred Ground is upright, and spindle rotor is presented hereinbefore.Because of (average) inclination angle γ between spindle rotor and housing bore₂Or γ₃It is known, so the rotor must be pulled out again on path distance Δ zpath on rotor y direction now, it should Path distance Δ zpath can directly be calculated by trigonometry and is fixed on inlet cover by adjustable distance/partition (34 or 35) Between (16 or 17) and compressor housing (1), to meet required between spindle rotor (2 or 3) and compressor housing (1) (put down ) gap width Δ 2.1 or Δ 3.1), wherein being true below according to Fig. 6 a:

For 2t rotor:

For 3t rotor:

It must assure that component (spindle rotor and component that are discussed) has roughly the same component temperature, by data Also it must record or must be taken into consideration and (to be also input to CU) when inputting CU memory.

Advantageously, therefore gap size Δ 2.1 and Δ 3.1 targetedly can set and record, this is so far It is impossible.In this case, constant inclination angle γ₂Or γ₃It is advantageous, but according to swollen on rotor y direction Swollen rule (that is, according to during simulation of compression process and the heat dissipation of working space component), can also there is different inclinations angle.Cause This, can apply average slope angle, or according to during the simulation of compression process and the heat dissipation of working space component, inclination angle master Limit gap size Δ 2.1 and Δ 3.1.

The spindle rotor that * is completed: in the form of rotary unit (40), wherein complete group of corresponding inlet cover (16 or 17) Dress, wherein especially fixing bearing (10) is important the process.

2) reversed cooling:

In " reversed cooling ", the gap size between working space component is measured and checked, so that, in main shaft compressor Minimum (or even zero=static) speed under,

◆ through transverse holes (29) preferably in certain parts, will have stablize increased fluid temperature (F.T.) in a controlled manner Liquid (such as water) guide by each spindle rotor (2 or 3) cooling fluid region,

And/or

◆ preferably in certain parts, in a controlled manner will there is the liquid for the fluid temperature for stablizing decline to guide By each cooling fluid region of compressor housing (1),

Here, the rear rotatability of spindle rotor is often examined, for example, assembling when manually check or according to the present invention Self diagnosis is carried out by the way that the p- spindle rotor of electric motor is synchronous in operation suspension below.Due to these working space components Thermal expansion it is different, the rotatability of spindle rotor will terminate under the particular temperature levels of the main shaft compressor, and these The cold clearance value of the specific ACTUAL of main shaft compressor is being based on known material property and known geometrical condition, and is stored in this In the CU (25) of main shaft compressor.

" the rear rotatability limit " is used as however, touching instead of using first time, it should will the previously main shaft compressor At least one Δ T that size defines_BTBe determined as set point part temperatures difference, and should by simple (slow) rotatability come Ensure to monitor, working space component does not contact (touch).In the subsequent operation period of the main shaft compressor, control unit (25) Then the specific cooling fluid stream of adjustment working space component is known how, so that being no more than Δ T_BTValue, thus it is reliable always Ground avoids collision.This target of each helical-lobe compressor component is adjusted below also referred to as " temperature control ".

In addition to spindle rotor it is simple after other than rotatability, additionally it is possible to determine gap width actual conditions and this how The compression behavior of Tribivari system, according to the present invention, reversed cooling are influenced in addition, also passing through Δ T_BTValue, which checks, to be carried out, the inspection It looks into also associated with measure described in " combine and assess ".

Therefore, in order to protect collision to avoid, Δ T_BTValue is considered being still reliable, and continuous by CU during operation It observes and keeps the inverse cooling part temperatures checked of multipass poor, because of the Δ T discussed_BTValue is no more than.

In particular, passing through selectivity (as shown in Figure 1) for higher compressor horsepower (such as power more than 75kW) Ground controls the temperature of each region, the use of reversed cooling is partially selectively useful on rotor y direction.Main shaft turns Sub- side and shell side use fluid, therefore can clearly identify how different it is that the gap width on rotor y direction has.

Using these values, then can be adjusted in a manner of adjusting in subsequent operation period " PartCool ", so that each Gap width in region is best: most preferably meaning on the one hand safely to avoid collision (i.e. gap reduction) now, due to respective ΔT_BTThe knowledge of value, Now At Last can be with another aspect can be by PartCool according to the present day analog of compressor process The gap width monitoring internal clearance leakage of management, so that effect maximizes for current compression process.

For reversely cooling down, following situations difference is advantageous:

A) the related reversed cooling with assembly:

Here, in assembling ,+retracting+is being contacted after fixing, each main shaft compressor is specially recorded into original beginning shape State, wherein practical Δ T_BTValue is as installation Δ T_BTValue, and be stored in its control unit (25).In addition, such as " combination and assessment " Described in execute the measurement of link, and these individual measured values are stored in the CU of the Tribivari compressor.The process Form the reference in the possible variation of subsequent operation period (due to abrasion, abrasion is made dirty, deposit is formed).

B) to use relevant reversed cooling

To relevant reversed cooling is used, component Δ T_BTValue (or it is similar so as to based in CU** The algorithm of storage determines component Δ T_BTValue) it is preferably to repeat and link therewith combination and assessment, to determine this The current state of Tribivari system.

It is executed during disconnected in operation and uses relevant reversed cooling, wherein the fluid for each spindle rotor flows There is the fluid of higher temperature to come from warmed fluid reservoir (33) in region.For the warmed fluid reservoir (33), cooling stream Body shunt be diverted during operation it is non-cooled and there " heat is parked " or by there generate electric heating there It selectively heats.

Crucial importance here is that currently determining value is compared with preceding value, so as to optimally operate Tribivari system (avoiding collision and at the same time having optimal efficacy) and also identification trend simultaneously realize prediction.

If * * sufficiently supports the process drawn a conclusion by sufficient experience, can be saved by extrapolating and explaining Save the use of warmed fluid.However, it helps to create defined temperature condition sometimes.

3)k₀Tachometric survey:

In k₀In the case where tachometric survey, the instantaneous compressibility of the main shaft compressor is integrally checked, wherein being especially The variation of the algorithm of control unit is assessed in the sense that the identification of the adaptability of PartCool and trend.

In Tribivari CU intellectual domains, for different rotor speed measurement compressor pressing under zero delivery Contracting (i.e. only " offsets " internal leakage and pumped (conveying) medium is not discharged in exit), it is therefore an objective to:

◆ determine that the single compression quality as control that element end actually reaches is horizontal and the conduct in intrinsic CU The OK of basic output reference ratifies (i.e. in required tolerance value), to carry out continuing to compare during operation, to identify Trend and prediction are obtained by inferring.

◆ the self diagnosis during operation is to determine that (such as by wearing, abrasion, dirt, deposit is formed, and operation becomes for variation Caused by change, such as medium in process and/or environment)

◆ preferably, k₀Tachometric survey can also combine reversed cooling to combine with stagnation pressure difference measurements, extrapolate as passing through The ongoing operation inspection that method is avoided collision safely.

k₀Tachometric survey program:

If for different rotor speed in inlet pressure known to closure exit, and since PartCool is in " definition (illustrate=see above) under temperature condition ", then measures outlet (mistake) pressure of arrival, and outlet pressure and inlet pressure Quotient gives k sought by the spinner velocity₀Velocity amplitude, therefore indicated in the form of being worth table or as function, such as basis:

Y-axis=be used as p_a/p_iQuotient k₀Value

X-axis=rotor speed n_R

* can also pass through due to CU intelligence, hot situation and thermal expansion by all working space components PartCool is selectively adjusted and controls gap width, and compression quality level is by for k₀The individually defined component temperature of tachometric survey Spend and be determined, be not only current state, and those change, can by with its during basic output reference value and operation The comparison of his measured value and be identified: i.e. self diagnosis and prediction and trend (passing through extrapolation).

In addition, determining enough safety margins-avoided collision for defined work limit by reversely cooling:

That is, reliably avoid collision and it is most effective compression all may.

K is reused during operation₀Tachometric survey and the reversed cooling change to detect the service life of the compressor Change.

4) integral pressure difference measurement, is abbreviated as " Σ Δ p measurement ":

During Σ Δ p measurement, the now thereof resistance of Tribivari compressor stage is by outlet collection chamber (12) selected superpressure is arranged and by measurement pressure in opening entrance and closing exit under " the temperature condition of definition " Reduction measure.It is very slowly (such as every to export collection chamber (12) rotation within the selected period (such as 3 minutes) Minute is less than 10 turns) spindle rotor.This individual Σ Δ p measurement is first at the end of the assembling of each AirEnd main shaft compressor Secondary generation, and be stored in CU as " reference ".During operating with, according to the selected rhythm controlled by CU disconnected Middle repetition Σ Δ p measurement is split, and it is compared with reference and all subsequent measurements.Thus, it is possible to pass through deduction It is inferred to prediction and trend.

5) algorithm measurement value compares:

During operation, there are many measured values, adjusting action and reaction and various assessments in CU (25).Based on previous The simulation of execution calculates and (FEM) model of associated compressor component calculates, and creates the database of steady growth, the data Continue with the data continually entered in library.In CU (25), these data be constantly compared to each other now and using algorithm into Row interpolation, so as to they be also mapped (" modeling ") and store for current occurent not exactly the same use example (for example, conveying gas inlet temperature is higher)；CU (25) provides output signal (32.e) appropriate.

Initially, since data volume is even less, it is initially still rough for comparing with interpolation, and can be with uncertainty Increase and faintly provide；However, with individual (quite specific intrinsic) database steady-state growth in CU, it is this fuzzy Property will become less, machine will become to become better and better, more and more clever.

6)Rotor is to inspection: usingAs the rotation angle between spindle rotor

InIn the case that rotor is to inspection, individually for each Tribivari system, spindle rotor (2 and 3) it Between clearance condition Δ 3.2 by the p- spindle rotor of electric motor it is synchronous by means of angular sensor (20 and 21) by It checks, for every axis item, measures accurate rotation angle clearance, and it is with the reference value that obtains when assembling and subsequent Measured value is compared, and is assessed in the sense that identification trend and offer prediction this.

Program:

In the p- spindle rotor of electric motor synchronizes, (i.e. each spindle rotor is fixedly connected a motor string with bracket axis To its drive motor armature spindle) (therefore fixed) is then electrically blocked, then another motor string checks remaining rotation angle DegreeFor " residue rotation angular play " and store the value.For entire spindle rotor pair, which is repeated as many times, and again It is secondary to store and compare maximum value and minimum value (using reference and subsequent measurement), (if value is correct, that is, to store The margin of tolerance in) set average value to by the set point by the synchronous operation executed of the p- spindle rotor of electric motor Specification.It is synchronous by the p- spindle rotor of electric motor, it can determine spindle rotor pair in the following way:

Rotation angular play value deposit is reduced to be formed or made dirty

Increase rotation angle value, abrasion or surface abrasion and abrasion

By the appropriate feedback of CU, for example, maintenance and the service station of higher level.

7) combination and evaluation:

Mentioned (self) diagnostic tool not only will be used alone and assess, but also especially be applied in combination.For example, anti- To cooling need not the first time of working space component contact before be driven, as rear rotatability limitation inspection (and Because of the risk of damaged surfaces) because may insure rear rotatability.On the one hand, predetermined reversely cooling in CU ΔT_BT(i.e. the clearly defined temperature levels of working space component) on the other hand execute Σ Δ p measurement and/or k₀Speed is surveyed Amount, wherein and then reversely the basic reference value of cooling and fiducial value carry out with this is suitable for by the value determined by these methods Compare, and stores it in CU.

Tool is adjusted below belongs to Tribivari intelligence (citing):

A) " PartCool ", also referred to as " PartCool&Control ":

Most important adjusting tool is right at a temperature of the correlative (mass flow) and cooling fluid of cooling fluid stream The independent control and adjusting of the cooling fluid stream of every kind of component.This not instead of one " being expected to rise " control is responded real by system Existing controlling or regulating has a direct impact the PartCool parameter being previously mentioned, therefore extends entitled " PartCool& Control".In fact, all changes in Tribivari system and process and environment can by PartCool and Control is compensated, because being attributed to the fact that the data of the particular job process stored in CU (even if " only " is used as extrapolation or interpolation Directly available data) and the gap width and corresponding internal clearance leakage value of expansion behavior and generation etc., Tribivari system The corresponding compression behavior of system can be adapted to most preferably in each case.

B)Π_iIt adapts to:

Each course of work undergoes different conditions (such as about pressure and temperature value, volume flow, environmental condition etc.), Therefore for desired minimal compression energy requirement, it is expected that adjusting compression process.These adjustings further include that " built-in compression ratio " is made For the inside Π i value of compressor machine, entrance volume of compartment and outlet chamber's volume are geometrically purely being described first Ratio.Actual compression ratio (during the temperature and heat dissipation during especially compressing) leads to known overcompression and under-voltage contracting, It should minimize as much as possible first.The control unit of Tribivari system according to the present invention now can be by via additional Shunting exit opening (15) adjust fraction to adjust the built-in compression ratio of present case: the adjusting work in an ideal way Tool referred to as " adjusts " in operation.

C) FU velocity variations:

Using this classical and well-known process, spindle rotor speed is adapted to specific by FU (=frequency converter) Condition, especially with regard to current desired pumped (conveying) medium volume flow: as it is known, almost proportional to spinner velocity.

D) " tack-reaction inspection ":

It is guided in selected time interval (such as a few minutes) by control unit, is carried out continuously small change, such as cold But working space component, such as compressor housing and/or Π i adjustment etc. are arrived in fluid stream.Importantly, observation is stored in always Δ T in CU_BTValue avoid collision to ensure safety (=it is important！).Based on the measured value (especially temperature) continually entered, now It can determine whether the variation causes the improvement or deterioration of current compression process to be particularly to pass through energy in the algorithm of CU Amount consumption (i.e. motor torque and engine speed and/or only motor current consumption) is confirmable.

Therefore, " tack-reaction inspection " is a kind of lasting self study and alternative manner, can be considered as (self) Diagnostic tool and supervision tool, because system response also reveals the conclusion system about Tribivari current state.

E) combination and assessment:

Above-mentioned adjusting tool not only will be used alone and assess, but also especially be applied in combination.Thus, for example, It PartCool&Control and is always executed in a coordinated fashion by the adaptationi adaptation of the algorithm of CU oneself, preferably Ground checks combined evaluation and execution by tack-reaction.It stores the result into the database of CU oneself and is continuously increased pair The understanding of Tribivari system, to form a part of Tribivari intelligence.

In the case where Tribivari intelligence, carrying out assessment to the measure taken is above-mentioned defined necessary prerequisite item Part.

The assessment is carried out according to following characteristics:

Abbreviation " ES " is " the p- spindle rotor of motor is synchronous "

Such as about " tack-reaction inspection ":

At the operating point of existing pressure p B, power requirement is reduced or minimized under known speed (in each rotor ES at it is even known) when, it is noted that improve, wherein assessing clearance leakage and entropy balance in the algorithm.By simulating and continuing Learn (" experience " of writing out the machine), by the CU of temperature feedback (32.e), can specify to compress effect.Below by it The referred to as target for being effectively compressed process of present case.

The volume flow measurement of pumped (conveying) medium is generally too time-consuming, but if carrying out or available, then can provide it is good just Benefit.

Certainly, instead of improving, it can also be noted that the deterioration of compression behavior and assessed by control unit, so as to then energy Enough start regulation measure appropriate (especially by PartCool and Control etc.).

Advantageously, cooling fluid stream is adjusted in a manner of specific application by CU by CU according to the algorithm being stored in CU, and And it is neatly based on current experience by seeking relevant optimal value, wherein advantageous by having during especially enough heat dissipations The conventional external heat exchanger of the temperature difference is taken into account.

This is new Tribivari intelligence according to the present invention, and is not easily accomplished in the prior art.

Tribivari system can sufficiently accurately understand at any time its current individual state (=it is how quasi- Really, such as in dirt, deposit is formed, state of wear, load capacity, temperature levels, in terms of current clearance value and compressibility Etc., so as to using these knowledge in the current situation (！) the specific course of work is most preferably executed (most preferably current In the case of most effective compression meaning (！)).

Further, since the trend and forecast analysis that are previously mentioned, its state will be forwarded to the service of higher level by CU in time And maintenance position, permanently to ensure the availability of maintenance, maintenance, maintenance and service and the system.

Tribivari system is intended to that individually continuous replacement analysis data are simultaneously by being directed to each CU under the conditions of particular procedure It advanced optimizes them using tack-reaction inspection and is stored in the database of CU oneself and learnt by oneself It practises.

The bid value of CU intelligence:

(！)=important (-)=not too important

1)(！) cooling fluid flows to 2t rotor

(by its own cooling fluid delivery pump or adjustment means speed)

2)(！) cooling fluid flows to 3t rotor

(by its own cooling fluid delivery pump or adjustment means speed)

3)(！) cooling fluid flows to house=can be with

It is measured (especially for biggish machine, such as > 75kW) each part

4)(！) cooling fluid flows to lateral parts (actually only arriving outlet side part)

5)(！) cooling fluid flows to lubricant (no longer with electronic synchronizer)

6)(！) spinner velocity (pass through FU=frequency converter: may not have sliding=syncmotor)

7)(！) additional shunting outlet aperture variable splitting streams

Measurand:

A) nearly all temperature

Especially almost all of temperature.Each cooling fluid stream and conveying gas add the discrepancy delta T of lubricant temperature

And component temperature (especially on shell and side members)

B) spinner velocity

C) every rotor torque (having electronic is synchronous)

D) each cooling fluid mass flow

(at least through speed/possible accuracy characteristic of the cooling fluid delivery pump of selective control) is in each operating point Any time generate each working space component heat dissipation during Δ T

Specific function:

1) actual gap value Δ 2.1 and Δ 3.1 and Δ 3.2 are detected in the independent assemble compressible machine of every machine, such as logical Cross " reversed cooling " or " contact+retract " and be stored in CU, then, wherein these values during operation with the algorithm pair in CU Standard, to adjust the different cooling fluid streams of each working space component, so that on the one hand reliably avoiding collision (that is, gap subtracts It is small) (depend on size) machine, such as with about 15% safety stock) and another aspect gap width be no more than it is defined most Big value (machine dimensions being depended on, for example, from about 1.5 times of the cold clearance value recorded when assembling).

This is because CU is always due to the management of hot situation and the thermal expansion behavior for the working space component being stored in CU Know compressor state.

2) self diagnosis and prediction

For determining, record and assess current state, especially with the electronic synchronizer of velocity variations

3) procedure regulation is carried out by additional shunting exit opening and environment adjusts and temperature controls and compression adjustment

4)k₀Tachometric survey combines reversed cooling, it is therefore an objective to targetedly determine electric current (corresponding to current state) tool There is the single PartCool of PartCool and control

Space between the definition=entrance (11) and outlet (12) of " working space ".The working space is turned by a pair of of main shaft The compressor housing (1) of sub (2 and 3) and surrounding definition, between narrow (in the region below 0.1mm) between various parts Gap value Δ xy.

In working space, by working space component, i.e. spindle rotor carries out (2 and 3) and compressor housing (1) The compression of required pumped (conveying) medium.

In addition, according to the present invention, the CU as control unit (25) is not only monitored as described, adjust and best Ground manages main shaft compressor, and (such as Profibus) system is also not only communicated at user location) whole system/factory's control Device processed is played an active part in wherein by automatic technology as the industrial control unit (ICU) in " Techniques of process management ", but also, such as is passed through The entire load management of management/adjusting (at least in the case where this user) system, including respectively with the CU of themselves (25) each compressor assembly, therefore for example expensive current peak is avoided, wherein this belongs to term " industry -4.0 ".This It also include that (best) also feeds back compressor assembly to supplier (or supplier, if there is multiple) simultaneously (if user agrees to) Current state, all peer machines include the prediction of further behavior by assessing (software) accordingly, are to known diagnosis System (such as vibrating sensor, temperature curve etc.) provides maintenance suggestion appropriate.In addition, this further includes the work to variation or variation Skill condition continues to adapt to continuous, such as is formed by deposit, makes dirty, and abrasion etc., further includes external environment condition, such as Temperature levels (such as warmer or colder environment), the stress level needed for another, it is appropriate that intelligent CU system (25) passes through Cooling water inflow is adjusted, the balanced internal compression rate such as additional local exit opening (15) and all introspection measures are passed through It makes a response.Diagnosis is to determine the current state of the compressor and prediction during further in the application, wherein fitting When remedial measure include from the adjusting of cooling fluid amount to the warning to operator.

In the figure instead of subscript, only insertion point is as index, therefore such as R.F2 indicates R_F2, therefore shown herein as 2 tooth masters Root radius on axis rotor, in which:

F representative profile root

K representative profile head

C represents cooling

WK represents pitch circle (pitch circle)

2 represent 2 tooth spindle rotors (2)

3 represent 3 tooth spindle rotors (3)

Fig. 1 shows 2 teeth on longitudinal cross-section according to the present invention with rotor geometry in an illustrative manner Spindle rotor (2), with cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) according to the present invention, and on the basis of 2t rotor for Carry foundation main body (32) have adapt to positive displacement section foundation wall thickness w, the steam (vapor) outlet (14) of the 2t rotor it is thin Section is in multiple (being balanced with the necessary cross section Σ) transverse holes originated from cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6), Radius value is as follows:

For preferred pore-free section pair, the gas conveying " external screw thread " (31) on 2 tooth spindle rotors is located at pitch circle line (37) top.It is well known that drive motor (18) includes motor rotor (being mounted on bracket axis 4 to combine rotation) and motor Stator module, motor stator component have electric stator motor windings (being indicated with square hacures),

It is optional: to be vacuumized since the intermediate cabin (13) of working space neck bush to vacuum pump (29), so as to must The influence of pumped (conveying) medium is protected the bearing from when wanting

Fig. 2 shows cooling circuit in an illustrative manner, has the t shifted from circuit₀Cooling fluid (9), wherein There are cooling fluid injection unit (33) to go to compressor operating space for each operating point, pass through additional shunting exit opening (15) Inner compressor volumetric ratio is pointedly adjusted so that as iV value, each working space component, i.e., shell (1) and rotor are to (2 Hes 3), there are steam (vapor) outlet (14), as shown in entrance space (11).

In the case where steam is as circulatory mediator, expansion valve is also shown, " hydrostatic pressure is used as by using gravity The simple difference in height of difference " is preferably replaced (current explanation must be adjusted) and arrives gravity direction).

Control unit (25) receives and processes the various signals about current operation requirement, the entire circulatory system, especially Also from the various signals of compressor according to the present invention, each operating point is adjusted particularly to pass through adjustment means (38) Compressor part so that meeting the requirements in the best way --- only utilize control unit (25), can just make system reliable and have Effect ground work (actually " new intelligence ").

It is similar with reference to PCT/EP2015/062376=, but improved now by the inventive features to meet wanting for steam It asks.

As an example, Fig. 3 shows spindle rotor to end face part, with what is be adapted on rotor longitudinal axis direction μ (z) value is reduced to the projection in common plane, because for each position E, S, V and the L of Fig. 5, the rotary shaft of rotor is α at an angle to each other, and must dimensionally show.

Here, the result of μ (z) value is as follows:

And

μ (z) value is adapted into rotor pair according to the present invention, it is therefore preferable to which 3:2 is matched to realize following 3 core missions:

Maximize nominal pumpability (based on rotor to cross-sectional area, realizing maximum possible spoon shape area).

For pore-free rotor to (minimizing internal leakage).

The optimal use critical bends speed at each spindle rotor, specific to their own speed.

Design: for each 2t rotor and 3t rotor, there is different cooling holesValue R_C2And R_C3。

Wherein, for the sake of simplicity, support steel shaft is not shown.

Different head strengths is distributed, due to root angle γ_F2> 90 °, therefore the tooth section of 2 tooth spindle rotors (2) It is slightly relatively thin, minimum head width b will not be dropped below_K2(such as 5mm).

Such case occurs in critical bends speed (i.e. 2t and 3t) matched situation of each rotor, so as to for master Axis rotor pair can be realized following:

Rotor is to no stomata, therefore internal leakage is reduced.

Rotor shown in being based on is to cross section, and the design achieves significantly more spoon shape areas, therefore relative to cross Section increases pumpability, this is exactly sought by both vapor compression.

Correspondingly, 2 tooth spindle rotors have biggish cooling hole for the heat dissipation in compression process, thus in heat absorption and Heat dissipation aspect improves the thermal balance of component.

The revolving speed of 2t rotor is 1.5 times of the revolving speed of 3t rotor, therefore it is according to present invention is implemented as make: this 2 Tooth spindle rotor is by (passing through γ in reduction₀> 90 °) R at quality_F2>R_F3More rigid axis is realized, this is conducive to face The increase of boundary's rate of bending, because 2 tooth spindle rotors also must rotate faster, it is therefore necessary to which design has more according to the present invention High critical bends speed limit.

Correspondingly, slower 3t rotor has lower flexural critical speed due to lower bending stiffness, It is also more slowly rotated.

According to the present invention, rotor is to currently designed at making the critical bends speed at 2t rotor be facing at 3t rotor 1.5 times of boundary's rate of bending, wherein seeking the following contents:

And

Flexural critical speed is usually the square root that rigidity is more than quality

Fig. 4 shows example as shown in Figure 1, but for having the outer profile below node round wires (37) to convey The 3t rotor of threaded portion, displacement profile region=be wherein disposed with the external conveying screw thread with section tooth and backlash region (31), this forms various operating cabins, because the series connection between entrance and exit and below node round wires (37) ensures Imperforate compression.

Fig. 5 is shown in an illustrative manner: the rotor pairing from Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is to show entire rotor geometry simultaneously And instruction angle of the crossing α, and spindle rotor pairing has the occlusion lens area engaged at center each other.

As an example, Fig. 6 shows 4 CAD illustrations in total, show:

6.a) form the compressor housing (1) of " tank-like shell ":

That is the inter-process of the closed bottom side of outlet side and the working space since open entrance side

6.b) rotary unit:

What each spindle rotor and bracket axis, bearing, drive motor and measuring system were assembled and were balanced completely as one Unit (40), has installed and constant from this, only shows the example of 2 tooth spindle rotors here, although equally applicable for 3 teeth Spindle rotor, wherein the cylinder-shaped flat (27) being not shown at 2t rotor inlet.

6.c) assembling and clearance adjustment:

The important rotor head clearance relative to shell is shown by partition (26), such as 2 tooth spindle rotor heads The details of head clearance Δ 2.1 between shell.Final gap adjustment between rotor head and shell is to pass through partition (26) it carries out, shown in the Δ 2.1 of 2 tooth spindle rotor heads in this such as Fig. 6 c.

6.d) finished machine:

Two rotary units are mounted on tank-like shell and add frequency converter (22 and 23), and each motor includes FU control unit (24), it communicates with control unit (25) and is exchanged with carrying out continuous data, wherein FU control unit is consecutively connected to user procedures Controller.

Such as encapsulating is prevented by the vacuum of motor stator winding assembly or can also be turned by motor stator and motor The motor windings of gap tank between son etc., two drive motors (18 and 19) are protected without being influenced by pumped (conveying) medium.

It is not included in Fig. 6 according to the internal rotor geometry of Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 and cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole, because It is not to apply described evaporator part cold by evaporator cooling hole (6) according to fig. 2 for the embodiment described in it But, but it is applied to select individually to cool down according to industrial property PCT/EP2016/077063 water flow as cooling water operation, this In, in this embodiment, it is cooling not need cylindrical inner rotor, because inner rotator shown in fig. 6 cooling is sufficient.

Fig. 6 is shown:

◆ the good and reliable balance of rotary unit, when especially being implemented in the case of steam, required height Speed reaches about 350 meter per seconds in terms of the speed of maximum rotor head.

◆ it is easily installed as modular system, because there is different rotors to variant in same housing geometry

◆ carry out targeted clearance adjustment by partition (26), so as to compensate specific tolerance cases (because All production components have deviation/size difference in certain margins of tolerance), the specific tolerance be due to " individual " no (for these various assemblies, reported as precisely as possible) caused by evitable manufacturing tolerance.

◆ by (18) and (19) of the driver as each rotary unit, obtain electronic synchronizer.

◆ and using μ C as control unit, the intelligence for component is cooling (as described above)

Fig. 7 is shown in an illustrative manner: the operation/operating point on the basis (Excel) as the prior art=be used for turbine, The present invention passes through for t_CHeat dissipation there is higher delta T to improve.

For being lower than t_CHeat release, need more Δ T

=this cannot be completed by one of turbine of today (being worked using 2 grades)

=there must be a normotopia telephone-moving, it can generate p/p pressure ratio

=simultaneously as steam, it is necessary to machine is formed as into absolutely/complete dry type operation machine

Fig. 8 shows the figure of compression process in the case where both vapor compression in pressure-enthalpy curve graph by way of example Show, shows the improvement radiated during compression due to strong evaporator.

The prior art is shown as chain-dotted line (tape label)

Improvement (tape label) shown in dotted line according to the present invention

FromIt arrivesIt is compressed

The purpose of statement:

Using turbo as the prior art that must be had cooling during rolling and be worked with 2 grades of representative, with improvement of the invention It compares, referred to herein as " HydroCom " (being abbreviated as HC)

The explanation of the prior art:

In order to from 8mbar (t₀=4 DEG C) arrive 48mbar (t_c=32 DEG C) carry out isentropic Compression^(Kano), cooling during rolling is for 2 grades Be for turbine it is essential, because of the heating that the constant entropy from 8mbar to 48mbar has had from 4 DEG C to about 200 DEG C, There is no cooling during rolling.

Improvement according to the present invention:

Due to the huge p/p pressure condition with high isentropic index, it is necessary to ensure that best possible heat dissipation in compression process Otherwise period will lead to compression temperature and rise to lethal levels of heat (in the sense that increased compressor horsepower), therefore basis Fig. 8, compression actually almost carry out (be better than constant entropy) on early warning line, wherein due to transfer cooling fluid stream (t9 and 9.3), t₀Rotor be degrading the whole efficiency of Refrigeration Technique to a certain extent to cooling effectiveness.

Therefore, stronger section requirement is met according to Fig. 7, HC, because according to the present invention, due to efficient during compression Heat dissipation, improved HC works under the range from 7 millibars=2 DEG C to 96 millibars=45 DEG C.

Fig. 9 shows Excel design table in an illustrative manner, has and is used for position E, the example of the parameter value of S, V and L Value, they are shown by way of example on the rotor y direction of spindle rotor pair with individual values of each spindle rotor. Indicated power requirements are only quite coarse and constitute temporal reference value.Certainly, the selection for the position named and in order to The selection of the other parameters value of application-specific demand file is all essential.

Therefore, at this time it should be emphasised again that this is only that an example is illustrated only merely for demonstration purpose according to this hair Bright rotor is to one in many possible design options of design.

For some applications, cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) is designed to that multi-ladder drum forms may be advantageous , it may be said that it is " terraced fields ", such as the shown flood-level rim in an illustrative manner Fig. 1.

Here cooling fluid is generally referred to, means the R718 cooling fluid known to the refrigerating field here, The steam in boil down to normotopia telephone-moving according to the present invention naturally under selected negative pressure, or liquid shape is in by evaporation Formula is using as the cooling fluid (9) cooling for component.

Such as " substantially ", " preferably " it is understood to be inaccurate with the term of " similar " and " possibility " etc, It is interpreted as deviation ± 5%, preferably ± 2%, and especially can be from normal value ± 1%.Applicant retains claim And/or the subcharacter of the sentence in any feature and subcharacter and specification of any feature is special with other in any way The right of sign, subcharacter or Partial Feature combination, or even the feature beyond independent claims.

In various figures, part identical with its function always appended drawing reference having the same, therefore they are usually only It is described primary.

Since the minimum temperature in the case of steam is higher than 0 DEG C, with refrigerant R744 as CO₂(as 2 grades of solution, Also referred to as " cascade ") combination advantageously reduce temperature value (such as cryogenic refrigeration).

The present invention relates to for freezing, the both vapor compression of air-conditioning and heat pump techniques, for clockwise and anticlockwise (Kano) Cyclic process.In order to improve efficiency and operating characteristics simultaneously in bigger pressure limit, the invention proposes a kind of 2 axis of dry type Normotopia telephone-moving is as main shaft compressor, and the rotor of the spindle rotor (2 and 3) of the main shaft compressor is to centre distance in entrance side (11) at least bigger by 10% than outlet side (12), and spindle rotor (2 and 3) is same to (18+19)-spindle rotor (2+3) by motor Walk mechanism driving, each spindle rotor has refrigerating device inside, the angle of the crossing α between two of them rotor rotation axis with turn Corresponding μ (z) value combination on sub- y direction, so that: (preferably) nothing of gas conveying external screw thread (31) is considered at the same time Stomata Section Design and " being suitble to specific spindle rotor " critical bends speed and the feelings by internal capacity than being embodied as iV value Under condition, the cylinder-shaped steaming preferably in support foundation main body (32) with minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) w is formd for each spindle rotor It sends out device cooling hole (6), wherein internal capacity is conditioned than during operation by additional shunting outlet opening (15), and It is the circle being preferably formed in entrance area in the case where 2 tooth spindle rotor (2) that gas, which conveys external screw thread (31), Tubular flat (27).

[description of symbols]

1: compressor housing has external cooled region, and the entrance side distance of spindle rotor receiver hole is bigger than outlet side, The axis of this some holes preferably intersects (that is, vertical range is zero) or can also intersect (or oblique), has external cooling wing Piece, by the flow of control unit (25) management cooling fluid stream (9.1), preferably in some parts on rotor longitudinal axis With for example according to the cooling fluid stream of (9.1a) and (9.1b), wherein for bigger rotor length (such as > 500mm), In Multiple cooling fluid circulations part is formed on compressor housing, and compressor housing is preferably implemented as according to Fig. 6 a's So-called tank-like shell.

2: spindle rotor, preferably with 2 tooth gases conveying external screw thread (31), referred to as " 2t rotor ", preferably by having There is the aluminium alloy of thermal conductive resin (preferably higher than 150W/m/K) to be made, be fixed on steel shaft (4) with via supporting point (7) into Row joint rotation, it is R that inside, which has radius,_C2Cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6).

3: spindle rotor, preferably with 3 tooth gases conveying external screw thread (31), referred to as " 3t rotor ", preferably by having There is the aluminium alloy of thermal conductive resin (preferably higher than 150W/m/K) to be made, be fixed on steel shaft (5) with via supporting point (7) into Row joint rotation, and having radius in inside is R_C3Cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6).

4:2t rotor spider axis is connected to relative to central cooling fluid supply hole (4.a) with radius as R_W2It (is preferably pressed In on the bracket axis) the 2t rotor of joint rotation is carried out, it is preferably integrated, while being also for 2t drive motor (18) Axis.

5:3t rotor spider axis is connected to relative to central cooling fluid supply orifice (5.a) with radius R_W3It (is preferably pressed on On the bracket axis) the 3t rotor of joint rotation is carried out, it is preferably integrated, while being also for 3t drive motor (19) Axis.

6: cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole has radius R_CWith length L_C, it is used for corresponding spindle rotor, is preferably had cold But fluid guiding groove (16), cooling fluid distributor overflow launder (17) and supporting point (7).

7: supporting point is contacted as the rotation fixation between spindle rotor (2 and 3) and bracket axis (4 and 5).

8: for the synchro-meshing portion of spindle rotor pair, also as such as power supply in the case where electronic synchronizer mechanism The emergency driving member of the emergencies such as failure is rotated, and wherein motor automatically switches to generating operation at that time and only terminating When (power generation of oneself the is no longer enough) driving member just prevent spindle rotor from contacting.

As emergency driving member, do not need lubricating oil, wherein by the Duplication (i.e. bigger engagement oblique angle) of increase come It realizes the engaging section, in order to make the sliding motion in tooth occlusion smaller, reduces section overlapping by reducing tooth height, to reduce Friction and therefore bring abrasion, wherein the flank of tooth preferably still receives dry-running coating as protection.

9: cooling fluid stream, for cool down compressor operating space components (i.e. rotor to and shell) or according to fig. 2 in Example from circulatory mediator (34) shift or as in Fig. 6 d generality shown in individual cooling fluid stream, wherein For example, as described below is true:

9.1: cooling fluid stream goes to compressor housing, for longer rotor length (such as > 500mm), can divide Are as follows:

9.1a: cooling fluid stream, by a part of compressor housing, (such as shell goes out

Mouth side).

9.1b: cooling fluid stream passes through another part of compressor housing (such as center

Region).

9.2: cooling fluid stream goes to 2t rotor.

9.3: cooling fluid stream goes to 3t rotor.

10: spindle rotor fixing bearing, for receiving gas pressure axial force, and along longitudinal direction for each spindle rotor The accurate fixation of axis direction.

11: for the conveying gas access collection space of pumped (conveying) medium, gas pressure p₀(for simplicity, in pipeline The pressure loss be initially ignored).

12: for the conveying gas outlet collection space of pumped (conveying) medium, gas pressure p_C(for simplicity, in pipeline The pressure loss be initially ignored).

13: intermediate collection/cushion space of each working space axis channel has reduced gas relative to system pressure Pressure is preferably for example generated by negative pressure/vacuum pump.

14: being R in radius for each rotor_D2Or R_D3Step after, via the steam (vapor) outlet of several transverse holes.

15: additional shunting exit opening, the pumped (conveying) medium exit portion air-flow being transferred have for adjusting internal appearance The adjustment means (valve for pressure difference (pressure difference valve)) of product ratio.

16: for each cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6), there is radius R_CCooling fluid guiding groove, slot bottom mask There is inclination angle ψ, preferably meets 170 °≤ψ≤180 °, these cooling fluid guiding grooves are as the spiral shell with maximum possible pitch Line=as described in (31).

17: cooling fluid distributor overflow launder (has lesser cross section), is preferably located in the slot bottom of (16).

18:2t drive motor is preferably implemented as syncmotor as directly driving for 2t rotor.

19:3t drive motor is preferably implemented as syncmotor as directly driving for 3t rotor.

20: rotary encoder, for measuring the accurate spin angular position of motor 2t rotor spider axis (4).

21: rotary encoder, for measuring the accurate spin angular position of motor 3t rotor spider axis (5).

22: frequency converter referred to as " FU.2 " is used for 2t drive motor (18).

23: frequency converter referred to as " FU.3 " is used for 3t drive motor (19).

24:FU control unit is labeled as " FU-CU ", is used for frequency converter FU.2 (22) and FU.3 (23), wherein should FU-CU directly with control unit (25) swap operation data.

25: control unit CU, as controlling and adjusting unit, the tune of the intelligent operation for main shaft compressor can be assessed The current measurement value of signal and the output based on current measurement value are saved, there is the link sum number being stored preferably in CU memory According to, and have between the measured value and the gap width according to obtained by previous analog, the experience verified and persistently accumulated of input The dependence constantly learnt, which is connected to FU-CU (24) and user side, application system have used process control Technology carries out factory's control in the sense that " industry 4.0 ".

26: distance/spacing board is preferably implemented as " partition ", for spindle rotor in rotor longitudinal axis direction On independent fixation, on 2t rotor (2) target gap value adjusting be 2.1 value of Δ or the target gap value tune on 3t rotor (3) Section is 3.1 value of Δ.

The radius R on its rotor inlet side on 27:2 tooth spindle rotor (2)_KE2On cylinder-shaped flat (such as " cyl. " dimensions in Fig. 2).

28: circulatory mediator, by evaporator (35) to be used to absorb heat (as the core missions of Refrigeration Technique).

29: vacuum pump, for removing foreign gas and for negative pressure needed for generating steam circulation, preferably by the gas Body is drawn into intermediate space (13) with protection (rotor) bearing.

30: reservoir, for compensating water loss.

31: gas conveys external screw thread, has preferred pore-free section rotor pair, to execute compressor core missions, that is, will Gaseous conveying medium is transported to outlet (12) from entrance (11) and while compressing it

32: the support foundation main body that the wall thickness at each spindle rotor (2 and 3) is w

33: towards the cooling fluid injection unit in compressor operating space

34: circulatory mediator, by condenser (36) to be used for heat output (as the core missions of heat pump), following here Ring medium is steam (by different cycle of states), but is also applied for other circulatory mediators in principle, for clockwise and inverse Hour hands Kano (Carnot) process.

35: for the evaporator of circulatory mediator, wherein, absorbing a certain amount of heat.

36: for the condenser of circulatory mediator, wherein, exporting a certain amount of heat.

37: the pitch circle line (abbreviation: WK) of the spindle rotor for being discussed.

38: by the adjusting of the volume flow for selectively deploying cooling fluid stream (9) of control unit (25) management Component.

39: vibrating sensor determines improvement by the different cooling fluid amounts of each spindle rotor refrigerating device inside Residual imbalance suggestion.

40: the rotary unit of each spindle rotor system, each are all completed assembled and balance, are specifically included that

Spindle rotor (2 and 3)

Bracket axis (4 and 5)

Synchro-meshing portion (8)

Bearing adds working space sealing as fixing bearing with (10), such as with (13)

Drive motor (18 and 19)

Rotary encoder measuring system (20 and 21)

Therefore, there are two rotary unit (40) in total for each main shaft compressor.

Claims

1. main shaft compressor can work in working space without working fluid as the rotary normotopia telephone-moving of 2 axis, use In conveying and compressed gaseous pumped (conveying) medium, the gaseous conveying medium is preferably steam, and the main shaft compressor includes that main shaft turns Son is right, and the spindle rotor is to the compressor housing (1) for being located at inlet collector cabin (11) and exporting collection chamber (12) In,

It is characterized in that,

The centre distance at inlet-side end portions of the spindle rotor pair is at least bigger than the centre distance in outlet side end 10%,

Each of described two spindle rotors (2,3) are all driven by electric motor (18,19), and

Electronic synchronizer mechanism controls the electric motor (18,19) so that the spindle rotor (2,3) contactlessly rotates.

2. main shaft compressor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

A spindle rotor (2) in described two spindle rotors has 2 teeth, another spindle rotor (3) has 3 teeth, and

The electronic synchronizer mechanism is 2 to 3 synchronous.

3. main shaft compressor according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that

Each spindle rotor (2 or 3) has refrigerating device inside, and the refrigerating device inside is preferably implemented as in institute Stating has radius R on 2 tooth spindle rotors (2)_C2Cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) or on the 3 tooth spindle rotor (3) With radius R_C3Cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6).

4. main shaft compressor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The internal structure of the evaporator cooling hole (6) has at least one of following characteristics, preferably more than one:

A) at least one cooling fluid guiding groove (16), preferably more accurately meets (deviation < 1%) described R_CValue, particularly

A.1) with the groove bottom of inclination angle ψ (z), here, as f (z), meet 170 °≤ψ (z)≤180 °, and/or

A.2) exit region has bigger heating surface than entrance area,

B) cooling fluid distribution overflow launder (17),

C) supporting point (7) are non-rotatably supported on corresponding bracket axis (4 or 5),

D) steam (vapor) outlet (14) in inlet collector cabin (11).

5. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

Each spindle rotor system, which is equipped with, have been assembled and Balanced rotary unit (40), and

Partition (26) are preferably provided with, with the final setting for the clearance between rotor head and shell.

6. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

It is provided at least one vibrating sensor (39), is connected to control unit (25), and

In described control unit (25), the maximization that the supply of cooling fluid stream (9) is restricted to overall efficiency is corresponding Amount.

7. the main shaft compressor according to any one of claim 2 to 6, which is characterized in that

The critical bends speed of the 2 tooth spindle rotor is the about (public of the critical bends speed of the 3 tooth spindle rotor (3) 1.5 times of poor preferably less than ± 30%).

8. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

Angle of the crossing α between the rotation axis of described two spindle rotors and corresponding μ (z) the value phase on rotor longitudinal axis direction In conjunction with so that: for each rotor, consider at the same time gas conveying external screw thread (31) (preferably) pore-free Section Design and In the case that " being suitable for certain rotor main shaft " critical bends speed and internal capacity ratio are implemented as iV value (by explaining), Being produced in support with (such as location expression according to E, S, V and L) on foundation main body (32) has minimum (that is, In It is high to be suitable for specific tooth in terms of the strength of materials) the cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) of wall thickness w,

Wherein, gas conveying external screw thread (31) is preferably formed on the 2 tooth spindle rotor (2) positioned at the entrance Cylinder-shaped flat (27) in region.

9. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

The hot situation of the working space component is adjusted to avoiding clearance from subtracting for maintaining in a manner of specific application As the basic rank during assembly radiating during the operation of clearance value between small and clearance value excessive difference (by explaining) Section (by explaining), and as the FCT stage (by explaining) during the assembly radiating, to improve

As the cooling fluid stream being transferred

As individual cooling water flow

Via the efficiency of the evaporation bring of delay, and

Towards the cooling fluid injection unit (33) in compressor operating space, the preferably region in inlet collector cabin (11) In, all by control unit (25) regulation and control.

10. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

Each spindle rotor (2,3) is made of aluminium alloy, and be forced at supporting point (7) on steel shaft (4,5) so as to Joint rotation, and

Gas conveying external screw thread (31) is only generated at that time, and the spindle rotor (2,3) is interior with having completed Portion's structure.

11. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

Internal capacity ratio is adjusted to adapt to current operating condition by additional shunting exit opening (15).

12. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

It is provided with the steam (vapor) outlet (14) for going directly to entrance.

13. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

In the inlet of the 2 tooth spindle rotor, cylinder-shaped flat (27) is set,

Particularly, at 2 tooth spindle rotor (2), gas, which conveys external screw thread (31), to be had in entrance area The cylindrical shape flat (27).

14. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

The 2 tooth spindle rotor (2) is provided with intermediate support, preferably for example real with the fibrous composite for being suitable for vacuum Weight saving is showed, which particularly alsos for so that having during starting (or braking) along with high bending stiffness Lower the moment of inertia, the fibrous composite are, for example, the form of CFRP material.

15. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

It is provided at least one cooling fluid feeder (9.2 and 9.3), and

The cylinder-shaped evaporator cooling hole (6) of each spindle rotor is connected to cooling fluid feeder (9.2 Hes 9.3)。

16. the main shaft compressor according to any one of foregoing Claims, which is characterized in that

Each driving implement has hollow shaft,

The hollow shaft is provided with cooling fluid feeder (9.2 and 9.3), goes to the circle of the corresponding driver Tubular evaporator cooling hole (6), and

Bearing (10) is preferably formed as durable bearing, especially uses the combined bearing of grease lubrication, full ceramics all the life Bearing or magnetic bearing.