CN110519832A - A kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load - Google Patents
A kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load Download PDFInfo
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- CN110519832A CN110519832A CN201910641529.4A CN201910641529A CN110519832A CN 110519832 A CN110519832 A CN 110519832A CN 201910641529 A CN201910641529 A CN 201910641529A CN 110519832 A CN110519832 A CN 110519832A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/44—Star or tree networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0248—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal dependent on the time of the day, e.g. according to expected transmission activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication methods of self-adapting load.It when the concentrator in LoRa Star Network needs to send data to node, is calculated by node communication schedule and dodges frequency sequence maximum sending time, node call duration time concentrator is sent to node dodges frequency sequence, and dodging includes nodal information in frequency sequence;By waking up nodes, node passes through secondary dormancy CAD listener discovery wake-up sequence, it was found that starting to receive sequence after sequence, if nodal information is this node, response then is carried out to concentrator, starts data transmission after waiting data receiver, concentrator to receive response, if the wake-up sequence interior joint information received is not this node, it is directly entered dormant state.The present invention selects different listening periods according to network load, shows powerful superiority on reducing network power consumption, substantially increase network throughput and reduce network delay by dodging frequency sequence awakening method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wireless communications methods, more particularly, to a kind of LoRa Star Network of adaptive network load
Low power loss communication method belongs to the technical field of wireless sensor network.
Background technique
With the fast development of technology of Internet of things, there is higher requirement to the low-consumption wireless communication technology.LoRa conduct
By feat of strong interference immunity, communication range is wide for a kind of typical low-power consumption wide area networking of things network technology, has been widely used, and leads to
Often communicated in the form of Star Network.
In the LoRa Star Network that concentrator and node form, LoRa node has transmission, receives, listens to and sleep four
State.Sleep state power consumption is less than 1ua, listens to state power consumption inferior to sleep state, transmitting and receiving state power consumption is ma rank.Coordinate
The conversion of the good each state of LoRa node, reduces unnecessary reception state, can reduce node power consumption, improve the work of battery
Efficiency extends working time of node, is of great significance.LoRa Star Network is based in the low power loss communication listened to, usually
LoRa concentrator sends the lead code for being greater than the LoRa node channel activity detection period, and LoRa node can pass through fixed cycle channel
Activity detection lead code receives data, and this method has biggish energy loss in these areas:
First, since the broadcast characteristic of wireless channel can consume unnecessary when node receives the non-message for being sent to this node
Additional energy, if node wakes up too early, data could be received by needing that lead code is waited to be sent completely, regardless of whether data are sent to
This node will all consume a large amount of energy.
Second, node is periodically listened to, and has detected whether data receiver, even if also to be listened to without data receiver,
Not miss any reception data, but listening periods need to be less than preamble length, and such network delay and power consumption are just
It is conflict, reduces network delay by reducing listening periods shortening lead code, power consumption will be increased;Week is listened to by extending
Phase reduces power consumption, then must increase preamble length, this adds increased network delays.
In addition there are following characteristics for LoRa Star Network node: imbalance of the network load there are the time and spatially is special
Point, most of the time node are under low load condition, and fraction of time will do it frequent communication, and network load increases severely, different
Node has different network loads.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication sides of self-adapting load
Method largely reduces energy loss in lower network delay.
In the LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load, concentrator and node are used based on sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence
The wake-up of column carries out low power loss communication, dodges frequency sequence and wakes up the long preambles code mode that tradition wakes up that changes, long preambles code is become
Sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence containing communication mode after lead code, node address and wake-up reduces network delay and energy loss.Based on sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence
The wake-up of column carries out concentrator and node communication routine in low power loss communication and is respectively as follows:
(1) for concentrator in communication, concentrator sends a kind of sudden strain of a muscle containing communication mode after short lead code, node address and wake-up
Frequency sequence, and sent every time sequence it is shorter when gap between wait node response.If concentrator sends sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence
Between be greater than it is maximum dodge frequency sequence sending cycle and do not receive response, then stop sending.
(2) in communication, node is carried out most 2 times after waking up every time by a kind of secondary sleep CAD passive listening node
The CAD that interval is greater than the time slots to be answered such as concentrator is listened to, if listening to lead code, node switching reception state receives the sequence
Nodal information in column, if nodal information is this node, node replys a response to concentrator, indicates that concentrator needs
The waking up nodes success of data is sent, the data to be received such as node, concentrator starts to receive data, if nodal information is not this
Node, node immediately enters sleep state.
For LoRa Star Network load uneven feature over time and space, to based on dodge the wake-up of frequency sequence into
Row low power loss communication optimizes, and changes fixed listening periods, and by a kind of dual threshold flow decision mechanism, dynamic adjustment is listened to
Period.It is sharedK Grade listening periods, each node have the listening periods of oneself, are listened to according to network load dynamic adjustment node
Period reduces network load uneven feature bring energy loss over time and space, reduces network delay, solve tradition
The fixation listening periods of method existing contradiction between power consumption and network delay improves low power consumption network performance.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention selects different detect according to network load by dodging frequency sequence awakening method
The period is listened, shows powerful superiority on reducing network power consumption, network throughput is substantially increased and reduces network and prolong
When.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 shows general frame figure.
Fig. 2 shows concentrator communication flow diagrams.
Fig. 3 shows the maximum SP transmission times calculation flow chart in concentrator communication.
Fig. 4 shows node communication flow diagram.
The listening periods state that Fig. 5 shows the method for dual threshold flow decision mechanism dynamic adjustment node listening periods turns
Change figure.
Fig. 6 shows the listening periods adjustment of the method for dual threshold flow decision mechanism dynamic adjustment node listening periods
Process.
Fig. 7 shows overall communication flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific implementation
The present invention is described in further detail for example.
Fig. 1 shows general frame figure, and the LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load includes based on sudden strain of a muscle
The low power loss communication that frequency sequence wakes up, dual threshold flow decision mechanism dynamic adjustment node listening periods mechanism.Based on sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence
The low power loss communication that column wake up includes concentrator communication process and node communication process.Dual threshold flow decision mechanism dynamic adjusts
Node listening periods mechanism is optimized to based on the low power loss communication for dodging frequency sequence wake-up, and reducing network load, there are the times
Uneven feature bring energy loss and network delay spatially.
Fig. 2 shows concentrator communication flow diagrams.Steps are as follows:
Concentrator constructs a node communication schedule, for recording the call duration time of concentrator Yu node last time.
Concentrator finds out concentrator and node nearest one before sending data to a node in node communication schedule
Secondary call duration time calculates the maximum time Tmax for needing to send to node and dodging frequency sequence by last time call duration time, thus
Calculate maximum SP transmission times N.
SP transmission times SP_TX_NUM is reset.
Rule of judgment: whether concentrator SP transmission times SP_TX_NUM is less than maximum SP transmission times N, if condition is set up,
The message SP of building one data containing short lead code, containing node address and communication mode, sends SP, and condition is invalid, this
Taking turns to node data transmission terminates.
Whether concentrator SP transmission times SP_TX_NUM is less than maximum SP transmission times N, after having sent SP message, concentrates
Device is switched to the response that reception state waits node in a time slot, and node acknowledgement frame only includes node address.Message SP's
Sending time is Tsp, and waiting node response time-out time is Tack.The sending time Tsp of message SP can be calculated by following formula
Out: Tsp=Tprem+Taddr, wherein Tprem is lead code sending time, and Taddr is the sending time of node address data,
Tsp an order of magnitude smaller than listening periods.
Concentrator waits node response, if concentrator waits node response time-out, carries out next round SP transmission, then
Node reverts back is continued waiting for, until SP transmission times is greater than maximum times N, stopping sends SP.
Concentrator has received the response of node, verifies to response node address, and node address is correct, concentrator switching
To the state of transmission, start to send the data that be sent to node.
After the completion of data communication, concentrator more new node communication schedule.
Fig. 3 shows the maximum SP transmission times calculation flow chart in concentrator communication.Steps are as follows:
Search the node time table information of communication node.
Calculate current time node last communication time interval T.
T < U*Ck/2 then dodges frequency sequence maximum sending time Ck/2.
T>U* (Ck/2+Ck/2+1+..+Ci) dodges frequency sequence maximum sending time Ci, wherein k/2<i≤k.
Calculate maximum SP transmission times N.
Fig. 4 shows node communication flow diagram, and steps are as follows:
Node is in low-power sleep state.
Node sleep wakeup time reaches, and is switched to CAD mode after sleep state wake-up, carries out a CAD first and detects
It listens.
If listening to lead code, be switched to reception state, received data packet, and analyze data field whether this node
Location.
If being destined for this section point, the communication mode after waking up is recorded, the former data of transmission state transmission is switched to and is answered
It answers, if it is not, carrying out short time sleep.Wherein short sleeping time is Tss, and short sleeping time is greater than concentrator and waits node response
Time-out time excludes the progress CAD in concentrator waiting node response and listens to the case where leading to miss concentrator lead code.
After short time sleep, second of CAD for then carrying out epicycle is listened to.
It is switched to reception state after node response, waits data receiver, starts data processing, data after data receiver success
After having handled, if communication mode is single communication, adjustment listening periods enter sleep state, if continuous communiction, continue to keep connecing
Receipts state updates the time for not receiving data, if the time for not receiving data is greater than the time that maximum does not receive data,
Adjustment listening periods enter sleep state.
The listening periods state that Fig. 5 shows the method for dual threshold flow decision mechanism dynamic adjustment node listening periods turns
Change figure.If node has 2 threshold values U and D, carry out dynamic decision node present flow rate according to the two threshold values.If node is continuous
U period is not received by data, then concludes that current network flow is smaller, needs to reduce channel sense frequency and extends and listens to week
Phase.If node all receives data in the continuous D period, conclude that network flow is larger, needs to increase channel sense frequency
Shorten listening periods.In addition having K grades of listening periods is respectively C1, C2 ... Ck, and have C1 < C2 < ... < Ck.If node exists
Listening periods after listening to for the t times are c (t) ∈ { C1, C2 ... Ck }, it listens to letter after node is listened at the t times
The number of road continuous busy or continuous free time is n (t) (- D < n (t) < U).N (t)=- 2 indicates that node listens to twice in succession
Channel be all it is busy, n (t)=2 indicate node listen to twice in succession channel for free time.
Fig. 6 shows the listening periods adjustment stream of the method for dual threshold flow decision mechanism dynamic adjustment node listening periods
Journey.Steps are as follows:
Two threshold values of U and D, the smallest listening periods C1 of default choice are initialized first.
After listening periods reach, there are the data for being sent to this node by listener discovery, whether first determine whether listening periods Ci
Greater than Ck/2, if more than directly Ck/2 is set by listening periods.If being less than, n (t) is subtracted certainly, if n (t) after subtracting certainly
<-D, and listening periods Ci is not equal to minimum listening periods C1, and Ci is equal to Ci-1, and otherwise Ci keeps C1.
After listening periods reach, the data for being sent to this node are not listened to, by n (t) from increasing, from after increasing if n (t) > U,
And listening periods Ci is not equal to maximum listening periods Ck, and Ci is equal to Ci+1, and otherwise Ci keeps Ck.
Listening periods update terminates, and waits listening periods arrival next time.
Fig. 7 shows overall communication flow diagram, and process is as follows:
Concentrator and receiving node, other nodes 1 and other nodes 2 form LoRa Star Network.
Concentrator prepares to send data, receiving node, other nodes 1 and other detecing at oneself of node 2 to receiving node
It listens and is slept, waken up and listened under the period.
Concentrator starts the 1st message SP for sending short lead code, node address and communication mode, and receiving node is also at this time
In sleep state, receiving node cannot find the SP message of concentrator.Other nodes 1 have sent first time message in concentrator
It during SP, is waken up from sleep state, carries out first time CAD and listen to, but concentrator is in waiting response status, other nodes at this time
1 also detects the SP message that cannot find concentrator, other nodes 1 then enter short sleep state, prepares second of CAD and listens to.Its
Also in sleep state as receiving node, other nodes 2 cannot find the SP message of concentrator for his node 2.
Concentrator starts the 2nd message SP for sending short lead code, node address and communication mode, and receiving node is also at this time
It is in sleep state, receiving node cannot find the SP message of concentrator.Other nodes 1 have carried out this node wake-up period second
Secondary CAD is listened to, and at this moment other nodes 1 have listened to lead code, are switched to reception pattern, is divided after receiving data data
Analysis, discovery message data information and this nodal information are inconsistent, and more new node listening periods immediately enter dormant state, wait
Next time wakes up.Other nodes 2 wake up from sleep state, carry out this node wake-up period and listen to for the first time, and node 2 listens to signal,
It is switched to reception pattern, data are analyzed after receiving data, discovery message data information and this nodal information are inconsistent,
More new node listening periods immediately enter dormant state, wait wake up next time.
Concentrator starts the 3rd message SP for sending short lead code and node address, and receiving node wakes up, and carries out this node
After wake-up period first time CAD is listened to, the lead code of concentrator is listened to, reception pattern is switched to, it is right after data to receive
Data are analyzed, and discovery message data information is consistent with this nodal information, and are single communication mode, save communication mode
Afterwards, it is switched to transmission state, an ACK response is sent to concentrator, then switches to reception state.Concentrator is turned by ACK
For data transmission modes, start to send data to node.Node receives data, due to having handled data for single communication mode
More new node listening periods at once afterwards wait wake up next time into sleep state.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load, it is characterised in that: in LoRa Star Network
Concentrator and node, which are used, wakes up progress low power loss communication based on sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence, before dodging the length that frequency sequence wakes up change tradition wake-up
Long preambles code is become the sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence containing communication mode after lead code, node address and wake-up by leading code mode, specifically:
(1) for concentrator in communication, concentrator sends a kind of sudden strain of a muscle containing communication mode after short lead code, node address and wake-up
Frequency sequence, and sent every time sequence it is shorter when gap between wait node response;If concentrator sends sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence
Between be greater than it is maximum dodge frequency sequence sending cycle and do not receive response, then stop sending;
(2) in communication, node carries out most 2 minor ticks by secondary sleep CAD passive listening after waking up every time and is greater than node
The CAD of the time slot to be answered such as concentrator is listened to, if listening to short lead code, node switches the section in reception state reception sequence
Point information, if nodal information is this node, node replys a response to concentrator, indicates that concentrator needs to send data
Waking up nodes success, the data to be received such as node, concentrator start receive data, if nodal information is not this node,
Node immediately enters sleep state.
2. a kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load according to claim 1, feature exist
In: specific step is as follows for concentrator communication:
Step 1, it according to node communication schedule, calculates the maximum data message SP containing short lead code and containing nodal information and sends
Times N;
Step 2, it sends one and contains short lead code and the data message SP containing nodal information;
Step 3, concentrator is switched to the response that reception state waits node in a time slot;
Step 4, concentrator waits node response time-out, carries out next round data message SP and sends, and then proceedes to that node is waited to return
Multiple, until data message SP transmission times is greater than maximum times N, stopping sends datagram SP;
Step 5, concentrator has received the response of node, and concentrator is switched to transmission state, starts to send the number that be sent to node
According to.
3. a kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load according to claim 1, feature exist
In: specific step is as follows for node communication:
The each wake-up period initial time of step 1, node is switched to CAD mode, carries out a CAD first and listens to;
If step 2 listens to short lead code, it is switched to reception state, received data packet, and analyzes whether data field is this section
Point information;
If step 3, this nodal information, communication mode is saved, is immediately switched to transmission state and sends former data to carry out response,
If it is not, carrying out short time sleep, second of CAD for then carrying out this wake-up is listened to, and is concentrated wherein short sleeping time is greater than
Device waits node response time-out time;
It is switched to reception state after step 4, node response, waits data receiver, starts data processing after data receiver success, number
After having handled, if single communication mode, adjusts listening periods and enter sleep state, if continuous communiction mode, continue to keep
Reception state waits time-out to adjust listening periods again and enters sleep state.
4. a kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication side of self-adapting load according to any one of claim 1 to 3
Method, it is characterised in that: for the uneven feature of LoRa Star Network load over time and space, call out based on sudden strain of a muscle frequency sequence
Progress low power loss communication of waking up optimizes, and changes fixed listening periods, is listened to by the decision mechanism dynamic adjustment of dual threshold flow
Period.
5. a kind of LoRa Star Network low power loss communication method of self-adapting load according to claim 4,
Be characterized in that: the dual threshold flow decision mechanism dynamic adjustment node listening periods are specifically:
Step 1, two threshold values of U and D are initialized, K grades of listening periods of setting are respectively C1, C2 ... Ck, and have C1 < C2 < ... <
Ck, the smallest listening periods C1 of default choice;
Step 2, after listening periods reach, there are the data for being sent to this node by listener discovery, first determine whether that listening periods Ci is
It is no to be greater than Ck/2, if more than directly Ck/2 is set by listening periods;If being less than, n (t) is subtracted certainly, if n after subtracting certainly
(t) <-D, and listening periods Ci is not equal to minimum listening periods C1, Ci from subtracting 1, and otherwise Ci keeps C1, and wherein n (t) is section
Its number for listening to the channel continuous busy or continuous free time after o'clock being listened at the t times;
Step 3, after listening periods reach, the data for being sent to this node are not listened to, by n (t) from increasing, from after increasing if n (t) >
U, and listening periods Ci is not equal to maximum listening periods Ck, Ci from adding 1, and otherwise Ci keeps Ck;
Step 4, listening periods update terminates, and waits listening periods arrival next time.
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