CN110518365B - Medium loading antenna and parabolic antenna based on 3D printing technology - Google Patents
Medium loading antenna and parabolic antenna based on 3D printing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110518365B CN110518365B CN201910763261.1A CN201910763261A CN110518365B CN 110518365 B CN110518365 B CN 110518365B CN 201910763261 A CN201910763261 A CN 201910763261A CN 110518365 B CN110518365 B CN 110518365B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/09—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens wherein the primary active element is coated with or embedded in a dielectric or magnetic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
Abstract
The invention discloses a medium loading antenna based on a 3D printing technology, which comprises: the device comprises a waveguide generator and a medium loading unit, wherein the medium loading unit adopts a three-dimensional photocuring molding 3D printing technology and is integrally molded by using liquid resin, the waveguide generator adopts a selective laser melting 3D printing technology and is integrally molded by using metal powder and used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals, and the medium loading unit and the waveguide generator jointly act to regulate and control the mouth surface field of the medium loading antenna. The dielectric loaded antenna of the embodiment of the invention completely meets the conditions of practical application, only has one main lobe in the E surface and the H surface at an angle of-90 degrees to 90 degrees, has no side lobe level, ensures the gain of the antenna, improves the utilization rate of the antenna aperture surface field, and ensures that the whole dielectric loaded antenna is convenient to manufacture and has lower cost due to the advantages of the 3D printing technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a medium loading antenna and a parabolic antenna based on a 3D printing technology.
Background
With the technical innovation and market demand, the demand for miniaturization of antennas is becoming more widespread, but the performance of antennas is largely determined by the size, and there are many problems in consideration of the polarization of antennas, the stability of in-band patterns, the stability of gain, and the characteristics of satisfying a wide band while the antennas are miniaturized.
In the miniaturization technology of the antenna, the method which is widely applied and effective is loading, antenna loading, namely, a load is added to a proper position of the antenna as the name suggests, the current distribution on the antenna can be changed by the antenna loading, so that the input impedance of the antenna can be distributed according to a rule, the size of the antenna can be shortened by the antenna loading, the resonant frequency of the antenna is effectively reduced, the working bandwidth of the antenna is widened, and the method is an essential method for antenna miniaturization.
However, the existing antennas adopting antenna loading mode miniaturization all have various problems, for example: the problems of uneven energy distribution of the antenna aperture surface, low aperture surface utilization rate, high side lobe level and the like cannot well meet the use requirement of the antenna, and the current antenna adopting an antenna loading mode for miniaturization has a complex manufacturing process and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a media loading antenna based on 3D printing technology, which solves the above problems.
The embodiment of the invention provides a medium loading antenna based on a 3D printing technology, which comprises: a waveguide generator and a medium loading unit;
the medium loading unit adopts a three-dimensional photocuring molding 3D printing technology and is integrally molded by using liquid resin;
the waveguide generator adopts a selective laser melting 3D printing technology, is integrally formed by metal powder and is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals, and the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator jointly act to regulate and control the surface field of the dielectric loading antenna;
the medium loading unit includes: the device comprises a pyramid, a first cuboid, a first trapezoid and a medium load;
the first cuboid is perpendicular to the pyramid and disposed on a rectangular surface of the pyramid;
the first trapezoid body is perpendicular to the first rectangular body, and the upper surface of the first trapezoid body is attached to the other rectangular surface of the first rectangular body;
the medium loading is perpendicular to the first trapezoid body and arranged on the lower surface of the first trapezoid body;
the waveguide generator includes: square flange, rectangular waveguide, prismoid waveguide and expanded waveguide;
the rectangular waveguide is hollow, perpendicular to the square flange and arranged on the upper surface of the square flange;
a square groove is arranged on the square flange corresponding to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, the size of the square groove is equal to that of the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, and the square groove and the rectangular waveguide are used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals;
the frustum waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the rectangular waveguide, is communicated with the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide and is used for impedance matching;
the extended waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the frustum-shaped waveguide, is communicated with the hollow part of the frustum-shaped waveguide, and is used for jointly acting with the medium loading to regulate and control the aperture surface field of the medium loading antenna;
wherein, the hollow part in the waveguide generator is used for air cooling and heat dissipation.
Optionally, the sum of the volumes of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is no greater than the sum of the volumes of the square flange and the rectangular waveguide hollow portion;
the medium loading unit is inserted into the square flange and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide through the pyramid and the first rectangular body, so that the medium loading unit is fixed with the waveguide generator.
Optionally, the top surface of the dielectric loading is flush with the top surface of the expansion waveguide, the top surface of the dielectric loading is the top surface of one end of the expansion waveguide far from the lower surface of the first trapezoid, and the top surface of the expansion waveguide is the top surface of one end of the expansion waveguide far from the square flange.
Optionally, the sum of the lengths of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is less than the sum of the lengths of the square flange and the rectangular waveguide hollow portion.
Optionally, the first trapezoid is used for clamping the position relation between the medium loading unit and the waveguide generator.
Optionally, the dielectric loading is a second trapezoid, a lower surface of the second trapezoid is attached to a lower surface of the first trapezoid, and the second trapezoid cooperates with the extension waveguide to regulate and control an aperture surface field of the dielectric loading antenna.
Optionally, the pyramid and the frustum-shaped waveguide are used for impedance matching.
Optionally, the extension waveguide is a second rectangular body, a volume of a hollow portion of the extension waveguide is larger than a volume of the dielectric loading, and the extension waveguide and the dielectric loading act together to regulate and control an aperture field of the dielectric loaded antenna.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a parabolic antenna, including: the feed source and the paraboloid are arranged, and the feed source consists of any one of the medium loaded antennas;
wherein the feed alone acts as an antenna without a paraboloid.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides another parabolic antenna, where the parabolic antenna includes: the feed source array consists of at least more than two medium loaded antennas; wherein the feed array is used solely as an antenna array without a paraboloid.
The invention provides a 3D printing technology-based medium loading antenna, a medium loading unit adopts a three-dimensional photocuring forming 3D printing technology, liquid resin is integrally formed, a waveguide generator adopts a selective laser melting 3D printing technology, metal powder is integrally formed, the medium loading unit is tightly fixed with the waveguide generator through a pyramid, a first cuboid and a first trapezoid, medium loading and an extension waveguide are matched and jointly act, the purpose of regulating and controlling an aperture surface field of the medium loading antenna is achieved, and a radiation pattern without sidelobe level is obtained by combining the characteristics of the extension waveguide. The medium loading antenna based on the 3D printing technology improves the utilization rate of an antenna aperture surface field while ensuring the gain of the antenna, obtains a radiation directional diagram without a side lobe level, and has convenient manufacture and lower cost.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a model diagram of a media loading antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(a) is a model diagram of a media loading unit of a media loading antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(b) is a model diagram of a waveguide generator of a dielectric loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(c) is a model diagram of the connection between a square flange and a rectangular waveguide in a waveguide generator of a dielectric loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a table of parametric dimensions for a media loading unit and a waveguide generator in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a model of a medium loading unit inserted into a square flange and a hollow portion of a rectangular waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5(a) is a main polarization radiation pattern of an angle of-90 ° to 90 ° on the E-plane when the thickness of the extension waveguide of the dielectric loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is changed;
fig. 5(b) is a main polarization radiation pattern of an angle of-90 ° to 90 ° on the H-plane when the width of the extension waveguide of the dielectric loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is changed;
fig. 6(a) is a s11 parameter graph of # 1 dielectric loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6(b) is a gain curve diagram of # 1 dielectric loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6(c) is the radiation pattern of the angle of-90 to 90 on the E-plane at 20GHz for the No. 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6(d) is the radiation pattern of the angle of-90 to 90 on the H plane at 20GHz for the No. 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6(e) is the electric field distribution diagram of the # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna at 20GHz in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7(a) is a graph of the s11 parameter of a dielectrically-loaded antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7(b) is a gain curve diagram of a dielectrically-loaded antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7(c) is the radiation pattern at an angle of-90 to 90 on the E-plane at 20GHz for a dielectrically-loaded antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7(d) is the radiation pattern at an angle of-90 to 90 on the H-plane at 20GHz for a dielectrically-loaded antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7(e) is the electric field distribution diagram of the dielectrically-loaded antenna according to the embodiment of the invention at 20 GHz.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention, but do not limit the invention to only some, but not all embodiments.
The inventor finds that the existing antenna which is miniaturized by adopting an antenna loading mode has uneven energy distribution on the mouth surface, lower mouth surface utilization rate and higher side lobe level, can not well meet the use requirement of the antenna, and the manufacturing process of the antenna is more complex and has higher cost.
Aiming at the problems, the inventor conducts diligent research, combines a large amount of calculation and actual measurement, creatively combines a 3D printing technology, realizes a medium loading antenna adopting the 3D printing technology, ensures the gain of the antenna, realizes high utilization rate of an antenna aperture surface field, and obtains a radiation directional diagram without side lobe level. The embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, a model diagram of a media-loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the media-loaded antenna includes: a medium loading unit 1 and a waveguide generator 2; the medium loading unit 1 adopts a three-dimensional photocuring molding 3D printing technology and is integrally molded by using liquid resin; the waveguide generator 2 adopts a selective laser melting 3D printing technology and is integrally formed by metal powder.
As shown in fig. 2(a), a model diagram of a media loading unit of a media loading antenna based on 3D printing technology is shown, where the media loading unit 1 includes: a pyramid 11, a first cuboid 12, a first trapezoid 13 and a media load 14.
Wherein the first rectangular body 12 is perpendicular to the pyramid 11 and is disposed on the rectangular surface of the pyramid 11; the first trapezoid body 13 is perpendicular to the first rectangular body 12, and the upper surface of the first trapezoid body 13 is attached to another rectangular surface of the first rectangular body 12, which is opposite to the rectangular surface attached to the first rectangular body 12 and the pyramid 11; the medium loading 14 is perpendicular to the first trapezoid body 13 and is arranged on the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13; the medium charge 14 is also shaped as a trapezoid (i.e., a second trapezoid), the lower surface of which is attached to the lower surface of the first trapezoid 13, and the upper surface of which is suspended.
Referring to fig. 2(b), which shows a model diagram of a waveguide generator of a dielectric loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention, the waveguide generator 2 includes: square flange 21, rectangular waveguide 22, truncated pyramid waveguide 23, and extension waveguide 24.
The rectangular waveguide 22 is hollow, perpendicular to the square flange 21, arranged on the upper surface of the square flange 21 and located in the center of the upper surface, a square groove is arranged on the square flange 21 corresponding to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide 22, the size of the square groove is equal to that of the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide 22, and the square groove and the rectangular waveguide 22 are used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals; the frustum-shaped waveguide 23 is hollow, is vertically connected to the rectangular waveguide 22, and is communicated with the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide 22, and the frustum-shaped waveguide 23 is used for impedance matching; the extension waveguide 24 is hollow, is vertically connected to the frustum-shaped waveguide 23 and is communicated with the hollow part of the frustum-shaped waveguide 23, and the extension waveguide 24 and the dielectric loading 14 act together to regulate and control the aperture surface field of the dielectric loading antenna; the extension waveguide 24 is a rectangular body (i.e., a second rectangular body), one surface of which is connected to the lower surface of the frustum-shaped waveguide 23, and the other surface is suspended, the hollow portion in the whole waveguide generator is used for air cooling and heat dissipation, and the frustum-shaped waveguide 23 and the extension waveguide 24 are also used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals.
Referring to fig. 2(c), which is a schematic diagram showing a connection between a square flange and a rectangular waveguide in a waveguide generator of a dielectric loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2(b), a hollow portion of an upper surface of a frustum-shaped waveguide 23 of the waveguide generator 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention has the same shape as that of the rectangular waveguide 22, and one end of the rectangular waveguide 22 away from the square flange 21 has a portion extending into the frustum-shaped waveguide 23, as can be seen from the size indicators in fig. 2(b) and 2(c) and the parameter size table of the dielectric loaded unit and the waveguide generator shown in fig. 3, where l5 is the length of rectangular waveguide 22, which is a value of 26.1 millimeters (mm), l3 is the distance from the upper surface of the frustum-shaped waveguide 23 to the square flange 21, which is a value of 15.2mm, i.e. the end of the rectangular waveguide 22 remote from the square flange 21 has a 10.9mm hollow portion extending into the truncated pyramid shaped waveguide 23.
As shown in fig. 3, the table of the parameter sizes of the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator, in combination with fig. 2(a), 2(b), and 2(c), includes the following parameters:
a 1: the width of the first rectangular body 12 is 10.6 mm;
a 2: the width of the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13 is 13.5 mm;
a 3: the width of the upper surface of the media load 14, which is 7.6mm in size;
a 4: the width of expansion waveguide 24, which is 26.8mm in size;
b 1: the thickness of the first rectangular body 12 is 4.3 mm;
b 2: the thickness of the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13 is 8.7 mm;
b 3: the thickness of the upper surface of the media load 14, which is 3.1mm in size;
b 4: the thickness of the extension waveguide 24, which is 29.1mm in size;
l 1: the length of the first rectangular body 12 is 9 mm;
l 2: a length of media load 14, which is 52.2mm in size;
l 3: the distance from the upper surface of the frustum-shaped waveguide 23 to the square flange 21 is 15.2 mm;
l 4: the length of expansion waveguide 24, which is 38.5mm in size;
l 5: the length of rectangular waveguide 22, which is 26.1mm in size;
s 1: the length of the lateral edges of the pyramid 11, which is 10.7 mm;
s 2: the length of the side of the first trapezoid body 13 is 4 mm;
s 3: the length of the side edge of the waveguide 23 is 17.5 mm.
Here, the cross-sectional size of the lower surface of the medium loader 14 is the same as the cross-sectional size of the rectangular surface of the first rectangular body 12.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic model of a medium loading unit inserted into the hollow part of the square flange and the rectangular waveguide, wherein the sum of the volumes of the pyramid 11 and the first rectangular body 12 is not larger than the sum of the volumes of the hollow parts of the square flange 21 and the rectangular waveguide 22; the medium loading unit 1 is inserted into the hollow parts of the square flange 21 and the rectangular waveguide 22 through the pyramid 11 and the first rectangular body 12 (not shown in the figure after insertion), so that the medium loading unit 1 and a part of the waveguide generator 2 are fixed in this way, and the first trapezoidal body 13 can be used for clamping the position relation between the medium loading unit 1 and the waveguide generator 2 due to its own characteristics, and meanwhile, the medium loading unit 1 and the waveguide generator 2 can be fixed more tightly. It should be noted that the structure formed by inserting the dielectric loading unit into the square flange and the hollow portion of the rectangular waveguide as shown in fig. 4 is also a dielectric loading antenna (hereinafter, this dielectric loading antenna is referred to as # 1 dielectric loading antenna in the whole text).
After the dielectric loading unit 1 is inserted into the hollow portions of the square flange 21 and the rectangular waveguide 22 through the pyramid 11 and the first rectangular body 12, the dielectric loading antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is formed, as shown in fig. 1, after the dielectric loading antenna is formed, both the pyramid 11 and the frustum-shaped waveguide 23 are used for impedance matching, and the dielectric loading 14 and the extension waveguide 24 work together to regulate and control the aperture field distribution of the dielectric loading antenna.
According to the working principle and relevant characteristics of the antenna, when the 1# dielectric loaded antenna works, the formed waveguide radiates on five surfaces of the dielectric loading 14, so that the phase center is unstable, and the level of the generated side lobe is higher than-10 dB, which causes that the 1# dielectric loaded antenna has no practical application value basically.
In order to solve the above problems, the distribution of the aperture field of the dielectric loaded antenna is regulated and controlled to obtain an ideal side lobe level, the inventor adds the frustum waveguide 23 and the extension waveguide 24 on the basis of the square flange 21 and the rectangular waveguide 22 through a large number of experiments and tests, and extends the structure of the whole dielectric loaded antenna, so that the top surface of the dielectric load 14 in the dielectric loading unit 1 is flush with the top surface of the extension waveguide 24, and the top surface of the dielectric load 14 is the top surface of one end of the dielectric load, which is far away from the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13, namely, the upper surface of the dielectric load 14; the top surface of the extension waveguide 24 is the opposite of the rectangular surface where the extension waveguide 24 is connected with the lower surface of the frustum-shaped waveguide 23, and the top surface of the extension waveguide 24 is the opening surface of the whole dielectric loaded antenna. By the design, the radiation from the four surfaces of the dielectric loading 14 is completely inhibited, the radiation pattern of the dielectric loading antenna has only one main lobe in the-90-degree direction, and the phase center of the radiation pattern is stably positioned on the physical port surface of the dielectric loading antenna. Meanwhile, the aperture field distribution of the dielectric loaded antenna formed after the waveguide extension can also be analyzed by applying a limit boundary condition to the aperture field of the original antenna, that is, the width and the thickness of the extension waveguide 24 are adjusted to obtain different limit boundaries, so that the aperture field distribution of the dielectric loaded antenna is regulated and controlled, and the purpose of obtaining a radiation pattern without a side lobe level is achieved.
Referring to fig. 5(a), a main polarized radiation pattern of an angle of-90 ° to 90 ° on an E-plane when a thickness of an extension waveguide of the dielectric loaded antenna changes in the embodiment of the present invention is shown, where theta (degree) indicates a beam width, and radiationpattern (db) indicates a radiation direction; in fig. 5(a), the width of the extension waveguide of the dielectric loaded antenna is kept constant at 26.8mm, and the radiation direction curves for different extension waveguide thicknesses are tested, and the meaning of each curve is as follows:
the dotted line consisting of short transverse lines is a radiation direction curve when the thickness of the extended waveguide is 23.1 mm; the dotted line consisting of points is a radiation direction curve when the thickness of the extended waveguide is 35.1 mm; the curve composed of the solid line is a radiation direction curve when the thickness of the extended waveguide is 29.1 mm; as reflected in the figure, the side lobe level was almost completely suppressed when the thickness of the extension waveguide was 29.1 mm.
Referring to fig. 5(b), a main polarized Radiation pattern of an angle of-90 ° to 90 ° on an H-plane when the width of an extension waveguide of the dielectric loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is changed is shown, where phi (degree) indicates a beam width, and Radiation pattern (dB) indicates a Radiation direction; in fig. 5(b), the thickness of the extension waveguide of the dielectric loaded antenna is kept constant at 29.1mm, and the radiation direction curves for different extension waveguide widths are tested, and the meaning of each curve is as follows:
the dotted line consisting of short transverse lines is a radiation direction curve when the width of the extended waveguide is 20.8 mm; the dotted line consisting of points is a radiation direction curve when the width of the extended waveguide is 32.8 mm; the curve composed of the solid line is a radiation direction curve when the width of the extended waveguide is 26.8 mm; as reflected in the figure, when the thickness of the extension waveguide is 29.1mm and the width of the extension waveguide is 26.8mm, the suppression effect on the side lobe level is the best.
The following simulation tests and actual measurements are performed on the performance of the dielectric loaded antenna,
referring to fig. 6(a), a plot of the s11 parameter for # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna is shown; fig. 6(b) shows a gain profile of # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna; FIG. 6(c) shows the radiation pattern of the E plane at an angle of-90 DEG to 90 DEG at 20GHz for the # 1 dielectrically loaded antenna; FIG. 6(d) shows the radiation pattern of the-90 DEG angle on the H plane of the 1# dielectrically loaded antenna at 20 GHz; FIG. 6(e) shows the electric field distribution at 20GHz for the # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna; wherein, Frequency refers to the antenna working Frequency, Gain refers to Gain, theta (degree), phi (degree) refers to the beam width, Radiation pattern (dB) refers to the Radiation direction, and V _ per _ m refers to the electric field intensity.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 6(a) is as follows:
the dashed line formed by the short transverse lines is an s11 parameter actual measurement curve of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; the curve formed by the solid line is an s11 parameter simulation curve of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; as reflected by the figure, the 1# dielectric loaded antenna has the s11 parameter less than-10 dB in the range of 18-27 GHz, and meets the practical use requirement.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 6(b) is as follows:
the dashed line formed by the short transverse lines is a gain actual measurement curve of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; the curve formed by the solid line is a gain simulation curve of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; as reflected in the figure, the 1# dielectric loaded antenna has the maximum gain in the range of 18-27 GHz, which is actually measured at 21.1GHz and has the value of 12.44dBi, and the 3-dB gain bandwidth is generated under the condition of 18-24 GHz. It can be seen from the figure that the gain measured above 22GHz drops suddenly due to the dimensional tolerance during the manufacturing of the # 1 dielectrically loaded antenna, which can solve this problem by leaving a certain dimensional tolerance during the manufacturing process.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 6(c) is as follows:
the dotted line consisting of short transverse lines is a main polarization radiation direction actual measurement curve on the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; a dotted line formed by adding points to a short transverse line is an actually measured curve of the crossed polarization radiation direction on the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; the curve formed by the solid line is a main polarization radiation direction simulation curve on the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; a curve formed by two points is a cross polarization radiation direction simulation curve on the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; as reflected in the figure, since the # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna radiates on five surfaces of the dielectrically-loaded 14, plus being affected by the waveguide aperture discontinuity, side lobe levels above-10 dB are produced on the E-plane of the # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 6(d) is as follows:
the dotted line consisting of short transverse lines is a main polarization radiation direction actual measurement curve on the H surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; a dotted line formed by adding points to a short transverse line is an actually measured curve of the cross polarization radiation direction on the H surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; a curve formed by a solid line is a main polarization radiation direction simulation curve on the H surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; a curve formed by two points is a cross polarization radiation direction simulation curve on the H surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; as reflected in the figure, side lobe levels above-10 dB are produced on the H-plane of the # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna due to the radiation of the # 1 dielectrically-loaded antenna on the five surfaces of the dielectric loading 14, plus the influence of the waveguide aperture discontinuity.
From the electric field distribution diagram shown in fig. 6(E), it can also be seen that the # 1 dielectrically loaded antenna has side lobe levels higher than-10 dB on both the E-plane and the H-plane, so that the # 1 dielectrically loaded antenna has no practical value.
Referring to fig. 7(a), a plot of the s11 parameter for a dielectrically-loaded antenna according to an embodiment of the invention is shown; FIG. 7(b) shows a gain profile for a dielectrically-loaded antenna; FIG. 7(c) shows the radiation pattern at an angle of-90 to 90 on the E-plane for a dielectrically-loaded antenna at 20 GHz; FIG. 7(d) shows the radiation pattern at an angle of-90 to 90 in the H plane for a dielectrically loaded antenna at 20 GHz; FIG. 7(e) shows the electric field profile for a dielectrically-loaded antenna at 20 GHz; wherein, Frequency refers to the antenna working Frequency, Gain refers to Gain, theta (degree), phi (degree) refers to the beam width, Radiation pattern (dB) refers to the Radiation direction, and V _ per _ m refers to the electric field intensity.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 7(a) is as follows:
the dashed line formed by the short transverse lines is an s11 parameter actual measurement curve of the dielectric loaded antenna; the curve composed of the solid line is an s11 parameter simulation curve of the dielectric loaded antenna; as reflected by the figure, the s11 parameter of the dielectric loaded antenna is less than-10 dB in the range of 18-27 GHz, and the practical use requirement is met.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 7(b) is as follows:
the broken line formed by the short transverse lines is a gain actual measurement curve of the medium loading antenna; the curve formed by the solid line is a gain simulation curve of the medium loading antenna; as reflected in the figure, the dielectrically loaded antenna has a maximum gain found at 19GHz in the range of 18-27 GHz, which is 11.8dBi, yielding a 3-dB gain bandwidth at 18-25 GHz.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 7(c) is as follows:
the dotted line formed by the short transverse lines is a main polarization radiation direction actual measurement curve on the E surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; a dotted line formed by adding points to a short transverse line is an actually measured curve of the crossed polarization radiation direction on the E surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; the curve formed by the solid line is a simulation curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the E surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; a curve formed by two points is a cross polarization radiation direction simulation curve on the E surface of the medium loaded antenna; the figure shows that the radiation from the four surfaces of the dielectric loading 14 is completely inhibited by the dielectric loading antenna, so that the radiation pattern of the dielectric loading antenna has only one main lobe in the direction of-90 degrees to 90 degrees of the E surface, and the radiation pattern without sidelobe level is obtained.
The meaning of each curve in fig. 7(d) is as follows:
the dotted line consisting of short transverse lines is a main polarization radiation direction actual measurement curve on the H surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; a dotted line formed by adding points to a short transverse line is an actually measured curve of the cross polarization radiation direction on the H surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; the curve formed by the solid line is a main polarization radiation direction simulation curve on the H surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; a curve formed by two points is a cross polarization radiation direction simulation curve on the H surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; the figure shows that the radiation from the four surfaces of the dielectric loading 14 is completely inhibited by the dielectric loading antenna, so that the radiation pattern of the dielectric loading antenna has only one main lobe in the direction of-90 degrees to 90 degrees of the H surface, and the radiation pattern without sidelobe level is obtained.
It can also be seen from the electric field distribution pattern shown in fig. 7(E) that there are no side lobe levels on both the E-plane and the H-plane.
In summary, the dielectric loaded antenna of the embodiment of the invention completely meets the conditions of practical application, and only one main lobe is arranged in the directions of-90 to 90 degrees of the E surface and the H surface, and no side lobe level exists, so that the utilization rate of the antenna aperture surface field is improved while the antenna gain is ensured, and the whole dielectric loaded antenna is convenient to manufacture and low in cost due to the advantages of the 3D printing technology.
In addition, due to the advantages of the dielectric loading antenna, the dielectric loading antenna can be used as a feed source of the parabolic antenna, and the selection of the parabolic antenna feed source is greatly enriched. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a parabolic antenna, including: the feed source of the parabolic antenna consists of any one of the medium loaded antennas;
wherein, the feed source can be used as an antenna without a paraboloid.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides another parabolic antenna, including: the feed source array of the parabolic antenna consists of at least more than two medium loaded antennas; wherein the feed array is used solely as an antenna array without a paraboloid.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or article that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or article.
The above describes in detail a media loading antenna based on 3D printing technology, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in detail by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A media-loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology, the media-loaded antenna comprising: a waveguide generator and a medium loading unit;
the medium loading unit adopts a three-dimensional photocuring molding 3D printing technology and is integrally molded by using liquid resin;
the waveguide generator adopts a selective laser melting 3D printing technology, is integrally formed by metal powder and is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals, and the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator jointly act to regulate and control the surface field of the dielectric loading antenna;
the medium loading unit includes: the device comprises a pyramid, a first cuboid, a first trapezoid and a medium load;
the first cuboid is perpendicular to the pyramid and disposed on a rectangular surface of the pyramid;
the first trapezoid body is perpendicular to the first rectangular body, and the upper surface of the first trapezoid body is attached to the other rectangular surface of the first rectangular body;
the medium loading is perpendicular to the first trapezoid body and arranged on the lower surface of the first trapezoid body;
the waveguide generator includes: square flange, rectangular waveguide, prismoid waveguide and expanded waveguide;
the rectangular waveguide is hollow, perpendicular to the square flange and arranged on the upper surface of the square flange;
a square groove is arranged on the square flange corresponding to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, the size of the square groove is equal to that of the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, and the square groove and the rectangular waveguide are used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals;
the frustum waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the rectangular waveguide, is communicated with the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide and is used for impedance matching;
the extended waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the frustum-shaped waveguide, is communicated with the hollow part of the frustum-shaped waveguide, and is used for jointly acting with the medium loading to regulate and control the aperture surface field of the medium loading antenna;
the top surface of the dielectric loading is flush with the top surface of the expansion waveguide, the top surface of the dielectric loading is the top surface of one end, far away from the lower surface of the first trapezoid body, of the dielectric loading, and the top surface of the expansion waveguide is the top surface of one end, far away from the square flange, of the expansion waveguide;
the medium loading unit is inserted into the square flange and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide through the pyramid and the first rectangular body, so that the medium loading unit is fixed with the waveguide generator;
the extension waveguide obtains a preset limit boundary by adjusting the size of the extension waveguide, and the preset limit boundary is used for inhibiting a side lobe level of the medium loading antenna;
the hollow part in the waveguide generator is used for air cooling and heat dissipation.
2. The dielectrically-loaded antenna according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the volumes of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is no greater than the sum of the volumes of the square flange and the rectangular waveguide hollow portion.
3. The dielectrically loaded antenna according to claim 2, wherein the sum of the lengths of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is less than the sum of the lengths of the square flange and the hollow portion of the rectangular waveguide.
4. The dielectrically-loaded antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first trapezoid is configured to clamp a positional relationship of the dielectrically-loaded element and the waveguide generator.
5. The dielectrically-loaded antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric loading is a second trapezoid, the lower surface of which abuts the lower surface of the first trapezoid and cooperates with the extension waveguide to regulate the aperture surface field of the dielectrically-loaded antenna.
6. The dielectrically-loaded antenna according to claim 1, wherein the pyramid and the frustum-shaped waveguide are for impedance matching.
7. The dielectrically-loaded antenna according to claim 1, wherein the extension waveguide is a second rectangular body, the volume of the hollow part of the extension waveguide is larger than the volume of the dielectric loading, and the extension waveguide and the dielectric loading act together to regulate the aperture surface field of the dielectrically-loaded antenna.
8. A parabolic aerial, characterized in that it comprises: a feed and a parabolic surface, the feed consisting of a dielectrically-loaded antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A parabolic aerial, characterized in that it comprises: a feed array and a paraboloid, the feed array consisting of at least two dielectrically-loaded antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 7; wherein the feed array is used solely as an antenna array without a paraboloid.
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| CN104466415A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-gain ultra-wideband corrugated double-ridge horn antenna with loaded lens |
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| EP0280379A3 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1990-04-25 | Yoshihiko Sugio | Dielectric or magnetic medium loaded antenna |
| US8264417B2 (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2012-09-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Aperture antenna with shaped dielectric loading |
| JP4862883B2 (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2012-01-25 | 株式会社デンソー | Dielectric loaded antenna |
| CN102110889A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-29 | 北京理工大学 | 8mm wave dielectric loaded moment circle transition horn antenna |
| CN103022705A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 北京理工大学 | Dielectric loaded wideband miniature dual circularly polarized antenna |
| CN106099374A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | 电子科技大学 | The SIW pyramid electromagnetic horn of a kind of coated by dielectric and method for designing thereof |
| CN109037943B (en) * | 2018-08-12 | 2022-03-01 | 四川大学 | Medium metal mixed three-dimensional printing hyperbolic lens antenna |
| CN109167173A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-08 | 四川大学 | A kind of double ridge fold horn feed antennas of metal 3 D-printing |
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| CN104466415A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-gain ultra-wideband corrugated double-ridge horn antenna with loaded lens |
| CN104600435A (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-05-06 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Fractal media resonant antenna used as paraboloidal feed source |
| CN109755750A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of bipolar feed source that broadband adds ridge ortho mode transducer to feed |
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