CN1105160A

CN1105160A - Rotor slip ring assembly for a homopolar generator

Info

Publication number: CN1105160A
Application number: CN94102350.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 安德鲁·R·阿尔康
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-01-04
Filing date: 1994-03-12
Publication date: 1995-07-12
Also published as: WO1995019063A1; IL109694A0; TW295740B; AU5963394A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an improved rotor slip ring design for a homopolar generator which incorporates the concept of channeling the magnetic flux lines and channeling the electric current flow path to separate the flux lines from the current flow path and thereby reduce back emf. The separation is achieved through the principles of an electric current flowing through a path of least electrical resistance and a magnetic field seeking a path of least magnetic reluctance.

Description

Rotor slip ring assembly for a homopolar generator

The present invention is relevant with homopolar generator, and more particularly, the present invention is relevant with the design and the structure of the rotor slip ring assembly that is used for the drum type homopolar generator.

Homopolar generator, be also referred to as the generator of acyclic or single game, it is characterized by and contain a disc or columniform conduction armature, this armature is positioned to respect to a magnetic field and rotates around central axis, (magnetic line of force passes the armature face along the direction of parallel rotation axis in above-mentioned magnetic field), thus a continuous electric current produced.

In traditional one pole disk generator, an electric conductor armor rotates around its central axis, and a magnetic field is positioned to the disk axis extension that is parallel to the opposite face that passes dish.Center that a pair of brush is positioned to respectively and coils and periphery surface engagement provide an electric connection with external load.

In the drum type homopolar generator, rotor can comprise the cylindrical shell of its operation that is become by electric conducting material such as copper as slip ring, and this cylindrical shell adopts pressure sintering or is pressurized to one and made and directly link in driving shaft or power shaft solid on the cylindrical core by ferromagnetic material.The magnetic field excitation system comprises two to maintain static direct solenoid field coil or the cryogenic magnetic field coil that the position is placed on the rotor two axial ends, the same magnetic field polarity that this magnetic field excitation system need be charged and can be passed solid rotor core diaxon end face to produce.

Under with the situation of permanent magnet as magnetic field sources, rotor core is that sheet spare that a ferromagnetic material is made contacts with two permanent magnet pieces and forms by the center, and each permanent magnet pieces has identical polarity of the magnetic field in the center in the face of the ferromagnetic material sheet, permanent magnet pieces also can be linked additional ferromagnetic material sheet, the relative axle head of ferromagnetic material sheet formation lamination armature core that should be additional is served as all laminations of cylindrical rotors core of main rotor body and is directly linked a driving shaft or power shaft.One external power is linked on the driving shaft of rotor, and rotor is rotated around the pivot moving axis, and therefore the axial length along rotor produces a direct current output voltage.

These motors, at each axial end of the rotor that flows through full load current one cover afflux spare is housed, brush spare is in the rotor axial end position that contacts with rotor case, above-mentioned shell is as a slip ring, and spread out of an electromotive force to external circuit by a cover brush, and then feed back on the rotor case by another set of brush.When electric current passes to load, electric current stream and will produce a kind of power that rotor is slowed down along the interaction that the rotor circumference face passes the magnetic line of force magnetic circuit at rotor case center, the decelerative force of rotor are because the typical motor in generator that the home court interaction of conductor field and generator causes reacts produces.

The present invention provides an improved rotor slip ring assembly for a single-stage generator, thereby the present invention combines with magnetic line of force shunting with the notion in electric current stream shunting and the magnetic line of force is separately reduced back electromotive force from the electric current stream.The circuit that flows through minimum resistance according to electric current just can reach above-mentioned separating with the principle that the magnetic circuit of minimum reluctance is worn in magnetic field.

Therefore the purpose of this invention is to provide a homopolar generator with bigger operating efficiency.

A further object of the present invention is for homopolar generator one improved rotor ring design to be set.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an independent magnetic line of force path that separates with current path for the rotor case slip ring assembly.

From the most preferred embodiment of hereinafter narrating in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention, will understand more other purpose of the present invention and advantage, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the end view according to the part section of the acyclic machine of one embodiment of the invention manufacturing;

Fig. 2 is the end view according to the lamination internal rotor assembly of a most preferred embodiment manufacturing of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the end view of a solid internal rotor assembly and magnetic field excitation system;

Fig. 4 is according to a lamination internal rotor and the perspective view that has the slide assemblies of afflux spare of prior art;

Fig. 5 is according to a lamination internal rotor and the perspective view that has the slip ring assembly of afflux spare of most preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the partial cut away side views of the slip-ring rotor shell of most preferred embodiment.

With reference to Fig. 1, drum type homopolar generator of the present invention mainly contains one and has the cylindrical rotor 10 that is suitable for the power shaft 12 that links to each other with prime mover (not shown), power shaft 12 with central axis is contained in the stator component 20 by bearing 16 and 18 and rotates, stator component 20 is provided with one and lays the space 22 of some brush assembly of electric 24 and 26 within it, and tensioning spring 28 is set forces brush assembly of electric 24 and 26 to contact with the shell or the overcoat 14 of rotor 10.

As the shell 14 of the rotor 10 of slip ring be by the material of excellent conductive performance for example copper become, shell 14 has perforate 15 on the side face of rotor 10 axial length midpoint shells 14, this hole can be circle and be evenly spaced from each other and align, the ferromagnetic material sheet 30 of packing in the hole 15, ferromagnetic material sheet 30 pass rotor 10 shell 14 thickness and extend.The rotor core 41(of rotor 10 sees Fig. 2) be contained in the inside of shell 14, be positioned at two permanent magnets 44 of rotor core (41), 46(sees Fig. 2) magnetic field is provided, the magneto resistive ratio that this magnetic field runs into during by ferromagnetic material sheet 30 is little by shell 14, therefore, magnetic field is bifurcated or shunting and pass the thickness of ferromagnetic material sheet 30 and return along the direction of the magnetic line of force 47 shown in Figure 2.The rotation of rotor 10 causes one along the rotor case 14 axial electromotive force that produce, when rotor 10 shells 14 and brush 24, take place between 26 to slide when electrically contacting, by the electric current shown in the arrow of label 36 along rotor case 14 axial flow, and shunting or bifurcated flow to brush assembly of electric 26 and flow out to an external circuit (not shown) by lead 38 between ferromagnetic material sheet 30, and the electric current that returns from external circuit then passes brush assembly of electric 24 by lead 40 and gets back to rotor 10.

With reference to Fig. 2, interior cylindrical rotor core 40 comprises a plurality of parts, two sheet spares 44 wherein, the 46th, to make by permanent magnet, and separated by ferromagnetic material sheet 42, ferromagnetic material sheet 42 is positioned near the mid point of internal rotor core assembly 41 axial lengths, permanent magnet pieces 44 and 46 axially aligns, make identical magnetic pole contact with ferromagnetic material sheet 42, the magnetic line of force 47 is assembled near the axial length mid point of ferromagnetic material sheet 42, and flows out side face 43 and along path flows shown in the dotted line of label 47.Internal rotor core 41 can be provided with sheet spare 48 and 50 at each axial end that is positioned at rotor core assembly 41, and contacts with permanent magnet pieces 44 and 46 or close.Power shaft 12 passes the center of internal rotor sheet spare 42,44,46,48 and 50 vertically and is fastened on above-mentioned these sheet spares with suitable manner.

With reference to Fig. 3, show another alternative preferred embodiment structure of a magnetic field excitation system and internal rotor core 54, wherein internal rotor core 54 is to make with whole ferromagnetic material, and not at

axial end

51,53 are fixed on the resting position of stator component (not shown), but the induction winding 56 and 58 that contacts with rotor core 54 not, the same magnetic field polarity (direction shown in the figure upwards) that this induction winding 56 and 58 energisings are passed two

axial ends

51 and 53 end faces of solid rotor core 54 with generation is shown in dotted line among the figure 59.One power shaft 60 is set and is fastened on the solid rotor core 54 with suitable method.

With reference to Fig. 4, a complete rotor assembly 61 shown in the figure, it and prior art interosculate, wherein, the cylindrical housings 62 that becomes by good conductivity nonferromagnetic material such as copper be pressed into or hot pressing on internal rotor core 64, cylindrical housings 62 is enclosed within hot pressing on the internal rotor core 64 and joins and be performed such, promptly by heating cylindrical housings 62, and Quench internal rotor core 64, again housing 62 glands on internal rotor core 64, then simultaneously they cool to room temperature.The magnetic circuits 65 that produced in the internal rotor core 64 are focused in the mid point of rotor 61 axial lengths and pass cylindrical housings 62, thereby produce a face that passes in the magnetic flux 66(dotted line that evenly runs through of cylindrical housings 62) ring surface.65 of magnetic circuits shown in Figure 4 show a magnetic flux plane, and in fact, magnetic circuit 65 is in comprising all planes of rotor center axis.When driving force passes to power shaft 68, two axial ends of cylindrical housings 62 produce opposite electric charge and are collected by afflux spare 70 and 62, when electric current is drawn by the external circuit (not shown), electric current stream 74 is passed in the magnetic flux path face 66 on the cylindrical shell 62, thereby produces a reaction force (inverse electromotive force) that rotor 61 is slowed down.

With reference to Fig. 5, it shown in the figure rotor case assembly of another alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein have one by having the cylindrical housings 76 that satisfactory electrical conductivity nonferromagnetic material such as copper becomes, this cylindrical housings 76 is straight in the perforate 77 of housing 76 axial length mid points along the housing circle distribution, and this perforate 77 is alignment circle and mutual and equally spaced.Ferromagnetic material sheet 78 is contained in the perforate 77, and extends through the thickness of housing 76.By the described shrink fit method of reference Fig. 4 prior art, can be fastened to cylindrical housings 76 on the internal rotor core 80.The label of rotor core 80 is 81 magnetic circuit with bifurcated or shunting and flows through and pass through ferromagnetic material sheet 78, and turns back to two axial ends 83,85 of rotor 74.When driving force passes to power shaft 82, two axial ends 83 in cylindrical housings 76,85 produce opposite electric charge, and collect by afflux spare 84 and 86, when electric current is drawn by the external circuit (not shown), electric current will bifurcated or is led to or be 88 flow path along label between the ferromagnetic material sheet 78, and this stream is isolated and/or separated with ferromagnetic material sheet 78.Because the design of rotor case 76 makes magnetic circuit 81 and circuit 88 shuntings and separately (or/or isolates mutually), so produces the power that makes the rotor deceleration with regard to having avoided formerly having in the art designs, thereby has improved the gross efficiency of generator widely owing to magnetic circuit and circuit intersect.

With reference to Fig. 6, this illustrates a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, the same parts that is equivalent among Fig. 5 all adds that with same numeral an a of mantissa represents.Rotor core housing 76a adopts the conventional cast method that is suitable for electric conducting material such as copper to make, rotor core shell 76a foundry goods is provided with perforate or hole 77a in its position around the mid point of axial length, and this hole 77a is provided by the space of thickness to provide one ferromagnetic material sheet 78a can be pressed into or be installed in the 77a of hole of rotor case 76a.This ferromagnetic material sheet 78a can or contain the alloy that ferromagnetic material combines with other material by iron or steel and/or the material with low magnetoresistive characteristic is made.The shaped design of perforate 77a and ferromagnetic material sheet 78a makes the magnetic line of force water conservancy diversion maximum by ferromagnetic material sheet 78a.Though ferromagnetic material sheet 78a is not limited to a kind of concrete geometry, but, should be appreciated that, the shape of ferromagnetic material sheet 78a can determine its insertion and be fastened to the method that rotor core housing 76a goes up hole 77a, for the embodiment shown, ferromagnetic material sheet 78a inserts hole 77a's internally.There are many methods to be fastened to ferromagnetic material sheet 78a in the 77a of hole now.

Obviously, concerning this professional those of ordinary skill, the present invention can have various changes under prerequisite without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and can adopt various alloys, preferably has the alloy of low magnetic resistance.

Claims

1, a kind of have a homopolar generator that comprises the rotor core of the device that produces magnetic field, and above-mentioned rotor core is enclosed within the improved slip ring, and above-mentioned improved slip ring and some contacts have and electrically contact, and above-mentioned improved slip ring contains:

One rotor core housing has some perforates around rotor core in magnetic field device passes the zone of above-mentioned housing; With

Some sheet spares that are contained in the above-mentioned perforate, the magnetic resistance value of the above-mentioned housing of magnetic resistance value ratio of this sheet spare is low.

2, homopolar generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned part includes a kind of ferromagnetic material.

3, homopolar generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that plurality of opening is evenly spaced apart around the central authorities of the axial length of above-mentioned housing.

4, homopolar generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned perforate penetrates above-mentioned housing.

5, a kind of method that is used for improving the homopolar generator gross efficiency may further comprise the steps:

Will be by being enclosed within the electric current shunting of the housing on the homopolar generator rotor core;

In the step of above-mentioned shunting electric current, the shunting, magnetic field of the rotor core generation of housing will be passed; With

The current separation in the magnetic field in shunting and shunting is opened, thereby improved the gross efficiency of homopolar generator.

6, a kind of method that is used for improving the homopolar generator gross efficiency comprises:

Make one to have two kinds of rotor core rotations that the device in the magnetic field of passing the axial length central authorities that are enclosed within the rotor core housing is provided;

By the device that comprises the material piece part that some magneto resistive ratio housings are low housing axial length central authorities around with the magnetic field bifurcated;

To flow through the electric current bifurcated of housing by the low housing of above-mentioned part of resistance ratio;

Electric current that flows through housing and the magnetic field of passing housing are kept apart, to reduce back electromotive force.

7, a kind of homopolar generator, contain:

One has two rotor cores that are used for producing the device in magnetic field, and described device is installed on the above-mentioned rotor core;

One passes the power shaft that rotor core makes it to rotate;

One is enclosed within the housing on the rotor core;

One first element that electrically contacts with housing one end and second element that electrically contacts with the housing other end; Thereby make electric current flow through first element, pass housing, flow to second element and flow back into external circuit again from an external circuit;

Have several around housing axial length central authorities and penetrate the housing of the perforate of housing;

Several its magnetic resistance values are less than housing magnetic resistance value and the sheet spare of its resistance value greater than the housing resistance value, make the magnetic flux that provides by magnetic field device can be by above-mentioned part shunting and keep apart with housing, and make the electric current that flows through housing can be between above-mentioned part shunting and separate with above-mentioned part.

8, homopolar generator according to claim 7 is characterized in that above-mentioned part contains ferromagnetic material.

9, homopolar generator according to claim 7 is characterized in that above-mentioned perforate separates equably.