CN110514438A - A kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization - Google Patents
A kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization Download PDFInfo
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- CN110514438A CN110514438A CN201910785509.4A CN201910785509A CN110514438A CN 110514438 A CN110514438 A CN 110514438A CN 201910785509 A CN201910785509 A CN 201910785509A CN 110514438 A CN110514438 A CN 110514438A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/028—Acoustic or vibration analysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of step 1 the planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization separates planetary gear mesh vibration using Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter, obtains time-domain signal；Step 2, order resampling is carried out to the time-domain signal that step 1 obtains and obtains order waveform；Step 3, it determines the cosine ascending power window function of different planetary gears, and is multiplied with the order waveform that step 2 obtains, planetary gear original vibration signal is calculatedStep 4, it solvesThe peak value k of envelope signali；min(kiWhen) → 0, parameter is optimal solution, acquires the planetary gear original vibration signal of removal path-modulationRealize the thorough decoupling of mesh vibration；Wherein, i indicates the serial number of planetary gear.Method of the invention can realize the thorough decoupling of mesh vibration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to epicyclic gearbox fault diagnosis technology field, in particular to a kind of planetary gear based on parameter optimization
Mesh vibration decoupling method.
Background technique
Planetary Gear Transmission has many advantages, such as that small in size, compact-sized, bearing capacity is strong, transmission efficiency is high, is answered extensively
Used in heavy industry fields such as wind-power electricity generation, aerospace, ship, hoisting machinery, metallurgy exploitations.However, above-mentioned machinery equipment is logical
It often operates under the harsh operating condition of speed change variable load, the components inside gear-box are easy to appear failure damage.Parts Breakdown is not only
It will cause huge economic losses, will also become great security risk.
Acceleration transducer acquisition vibration signal is installed to carry out key components and parts in gear-box on the outside of gear-box casing
Status monitoring is a kind of most widely used, most mature technological means.There are multiple planetary gears simultaneously and interior in Planetary Gear Transmission
Gear ring, sun gear engagement.When not considering the installation error and foozle of gear, deposited between the vibration that each planetary gear engagement generates
In phase difference, but vibration frequency is identical.Sensor acquisition is multiple planetary gear mesh vibrations and signal.Any one planet
When taking turns appearance distribution abrasion, failure is divided into planetary gear and turns frequency relatively between all causing the meshing frequency two sides on frequency spectrum to occur
Sideband.Therefore, it is impossible to by and the frequency spectrum of signal judge the number for occurring the distributed planetary gear worn in gear-box, also without
Method assesses the degree of wear of single planetary gear.
Continuous lights function synchronizing is averagely one of the most efficient method for separating planetary gear mesh vibration.This method energy will be more
In a planetary gear engages and signal decomposition to each planetary gear.However, existing continuous lights function synchronizing is average isolated
Single planetary gear mesh vibration be still signal that whole planetary gear mesh vibrations are added by certain weight coefficient, i.e. synchronized averaging
What is obtained is not full decoupled planetary gear mesh vibration.
To sum up, a kind of new planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization is needed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization, it is existing to solve
The problem for having the average isolated planetary gear mesh vibration of continuous lights function synchronizing not full decoupled.Method of the invention, can
Realize the thorough decoupling of mesh vibration.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, planetary gear mesh vibration is separated using Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter, obtains time-domain signal；
Step 2, order resampling is carried out to the time-domain signal that step 1 obtains and obtains order waveform；
Step 3, it determines the cosine ascending power window function of N number of planetary gear, and is multiplied with the order waveform that step 2 obtains, calculate
Obtain N number of planetary gear adding window synchronized averaging vibration signal
Step 4, it solves respectively N number ofThe peak value k of envelope signali；min(kiWhen) → 0, parameter is optimal solution, acquires removal
The planetary gear original vibration signal of path-modulationTo realize the full decoupled of N number of planetary gear mesh vibration；
Wherein, i indicates the serial number (i=1,2 ..., N) of planetary gear, and N is planetary gear number.
A kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) the default rank mesh vibration of planetary gear is separated using Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter；
(2) cosine ascending power function is selectedThe window letter added when as synchronized averaging
Number；
Wherein, i indicates the serial number of planetary gear, fcTurn frequency for planet carrier,For the phase between planetary gear mesh vibration
Potential difference, N are planetary gear number；
ChangeValue arrives different window functions, respectively obtains the synchronized averaging signal of N number of planetary gear
(3) there are the symmetric coefficient matrixs of a N × NSo that
For eliminated gear-box path-modulation original planetary gear mesh vibration；M, the n paths with gear-box
The window function added when modulation and synchronized averaging is related；
(4) in matrix expressionOriginal planet can be obtained multiplied by the inverse matrix of coefficient matrix C in two sides
The mesh vibration of wheel
(5) Coefficient m, n meet relationshipCoefficient matrix and existing continuous lights function synchronizing are averagely obtainedIt is multiplied, solvesThe peak value k of envelope signali；When certain groupValue make min (kiWhen) → 0, which is optimal solution；
The planetary gear original vibration signal for eliminating path-modulation is acquired according to step (4)To realize the thorough solution of mesh vibration
Coupling.
Further, in step (1), the reference frequency of filter is the meshing frequency of planetary gear, and pass band width covering is nibbled
The planet carrier of sum of fundamental frequencies rate two sides three times turns frequency sideband.
Further, presetting rank is 1-5 rank.
Further, by taking planetary gear number is equal to 3 as an example, the synchronized averaging result of 3 planetary gearsIt indicates are as follows:
(i=1,2 ..., N) is original planetary gear mesh vibration, and has eliminated the introducing of gear-box path-modulation
Amplitude modulation；M, n are only related to the window function that the path-modulation of gear-box and synchronized averaging add；
It is expressed as matrix form:
Further, in step (4), the matrix two sides in step (3) are obtained multiplied by the inverse matrix of coefficient matrix original
The mesh vibration of planetary gearExpression formula is:
Further, in step (5), setting step-length is 0.001, and coefficient matrix and existing continuous lights function synchronizing are averaged
It obtainsIt is multiplied, solvesThe peak value k of envelope signali。
Further, method of the invention for realizing the gear distribution degree of wear diagnosis.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
Method of the invention, it can be achieved that mesh vibration thorough decoupling.Specifically, the row of the invention based on parameter optimization
Star-wheel mesh vibration decoupling method does not consider the installation error and foozle of gear, it is assumed that one of tooth of planet is strong
Health, or there are a planetary gear, gear teeth health status is better than other two planetary gear；The engagement of the planetary gear of relative healths is shaken
Dynamic amplitude modulation is weaker than other planetary gears, and synchronized averaging eliminates the path-modulation in engagement in addition；Therefore, the planetary gear
The envelope signal peak-to-peak value of practical mesh vibration signal answers the planetary gear distribution lower, realization is decoupled based on planetary gear mesh vibration
Formula wear fault diagnosis.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below to embodiment or existing
Attached drawing needed in technical description does simple introduction；It should be evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description is of the invention
Some embodiments to those skilled in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling flow diagram based on parameter optimization of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the time domain waveform schematic diagram of the mesh vibration of order tracking technique separation in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is in the embodiment of the present invention, angularly the order waveform diagram of the mesh vibration after resampling；
Fig. 4 is the cosine ascending power window function schematic diagram of addition in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is averagely to separate three obtained planetary gear partly decoupled in the embodiment of the present invention for continuous lights function synchronizing
Vibrational waveform schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is three planetary gears in the embodiment of the present inventionRelation schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the mesh vibration schematic diagram of three full decoupled planetary gears in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is three full decoupled planetary gear mesh vibration envelope signals and tooth form comparison diagram in the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram；Wherein, Fig. 8 (a) is No. 1 planetary gear schematic diagram, and Fig. 8 (b) is No. 2 planetary gear schematic diagrames, and Fig. 8 (c) is No. 3 planetary gears
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, implement below with reference to the present invention
Attached drawing in example, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described；Obviously, described embodiment
It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention.Based on embodiment disclosed by the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
Property labour under the premise of other embodiments obtained, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization of the embodiment of the present invention, including
Following steps:
Step 1, planetary gear mesh vibration is separated using Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter, obtains time-domain signal；
Step 2, order resampling is carried out to the time-domain signal that step 1 obtains and obtains order waveform；
Step 3, the cosine ascending power window function of N number of planetary gear is determined respectively, and is multiplied with the order waveform that step 2 obtains,
N number of planetary gear adding window synchronized averaging vibration signal is calculated
Step 4, it solves respectively N number ofThe peak value k of envelope signali；min(kiWhen) → 0, parameter is optimal solution, acquires removal
The planetary gear original vibration signal of path-modulationTo realize the full decoupled of N number of planetary gear mesh vibration；
Wherein, i indicates the serial number (i=1,2 ..., N) of planetary gear, and N is planetary gear number.
Planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization of the invention, it can be achieved that mesh vibration thorough solution
Coupling.
A kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization of the embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) the 1-5 rank mesh vibration of planetary gear is separated using Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter；Filtering
The reference frequency of device is the meshing frequency of planetary gear, and the planet carrier of pass band width covering meshing frequency two sides three times turns frequency side frequency
Band.
(2) the 1-5 rank mesh vibration isolated to order tracking technique is added the mesh vibration as planetary gear, according to acquisition
Rotary speed information angularly resampling is carried out to mesh vibration time-domain signal, obtain order waveform, guarantee that planetary gear rotation is turned around
Sampling number it is identical.
(3) cosine ascending power function is selectedThe window letter added when as synchronized averaging
Number.Wherein: the serial number of i expression planetary gear；fcTurn frequency for planet carrier；For the phase difference between planetary gear mesh vibration,
N is planetary gear number.ChangeValue arrives different window functions, respectively obtains the separation signal of different planetary gears
(4) by taking planetary gear number is 3 as an example, the synchronized averaging result of 3 planetary gearsIt indicates are as follows:
For original planetary gear mesh vibration, and the amplitude modulation of gear-box path-modulation introducing is eliminated.m,n
It is only related to the window function that the path-modulation of gear-box and synchronized averaging add.
Above formula is expressed as matrix form:
(5) mesh vibration of original planetary gear is obtained multiplied by the inverse matrix of coefficient matrix to the matrix two sides in previous step
(6) when the window function of synchronized averaging selects cosine ascending power window, Coefficient m, n meets relationshipChange system
NumberIt is 0.001 that step-length, which is arranged, and coefficient matrix and existing continuous lights function synchronizing are averagely obtainedIt is multiplied,
It solvesThe peak value k of envelope signali.When certain groupValue make min (kiWhen) → 0, which is optimal solution, according to step
(5) the planetary gear original vibration signal for eliminating path-modulation can be obtainedRealize the thorough decoupling of mesh vibration.
In order to verify effectiveness of the invention, the above method is applied into the analysis in planet gear box test table vibration data
In.The structure of epicyclic gearbox is as follows: epicyclic gearbox has 3 each planetary gears, and sun gear is input shaft, and planet carrier is output shaft,
Transmission ratio is 3.There is Shaft misalignment in the output shaft of gear-box and external shaft coupling, cause planet carrier stress eccentric, three
A planetary gear is for a long time by significantly eccentric load in planetary gear, and abrasion is larger, other two planet foot wheel abrasion is smaller.Operation
Operating condition is as follows: motor is rotated by shaft coupling band driven input shaft, is loaded in output shaft by magnetic powder brake, and motor turns frequency and is
200rpm.Acceleration transducer, which is mounted on the outside of gear-box cabinet, acquires vibration signal, and speed probe acquires gear-box input
The rotary speed information of axis.
It please refers in Fig. 2 to Fig. 8, Fig. 2 is using isolated 1-5 times of Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter
Planetary gear mesh vibration and signal.Fig. 3 is to carry out the order that angularly resampling obtains to planetary gear mesh vibration and signal
Waveform.Fig. 4 is the cosine ascending power window function of synchronized averaging addition, phase difference and single planetary gear mesh vibration between window function
Between phase difference it is consistent.Fig. 5 is that continuous lights function synchronizing averagely separates three obtained planetary gear mesh vibration waveform.Due to
There is amplitude modulated phenomenon caused by distributed abrasion in three isolated planetary gear signals in partly decoupled.Step-length is set
It is 0.001, changes from 0 to 1Value obtains correspondingAnd calculate the peak peak of each planetary gear mesh vibration envelope signal
Value ki.Fig. 6 is three planetary gearsRelational graph.When best decoupling coefficientWhen, the envelope letter of No. 1 planetary gear
Number peak-to-peak value minimum.Fig. 7 is the waveform diagram of the full decoupled three planetary gear mesh vibration obtained using best decoupling coefficient.
For further illustrate method validity, by shooting gear teeth lateral profile as judge the degree of wear foundation.
Fig. 8 is every time three gear teeth of shooting, and the wear map arrangement and synchronized averaging according to the engagement order of planetary gear by each gear teeth obtain
To planetary gear mesh vibration signal compared one by one.The envelope amplitude of No. 1 planetary gear varies less, and illustrates its each gear teeth
Health status it is similar, the picture of actual photographed shows that the involute profile of the gear teeth of No. 1 planetary gear is very complete, wheel odontotripsis very
It is small, it is consistent with envelope signal.There is apparent amplitude modulation in the envelope signal of other two planetary gears, illustrates two planets
There is different degrees of abrasion in the gear teeth of wheel.Meanwhile with respect to No. 3 planetary gears of the partial amplitudes of No. 2 planetary gear envelopes are bigger,
It is more serious compared with No. 3 planetary gears that it takes turns odontotripsis.From the tooth of planet of actual photographed as it can be seen that 1~No. 3 gear teeth of No. 2 planetary gears,
12~No. 18 gear teeth have more serious abrasion, by taking No. 17 teeth as an example, from its involute profile as it can be seen that the tooth root of the gear teeth is shaved
Part, it was demonstrated that the gear teeth are misaligned caused eccentric load, gear teeth serious wear for a long time.4~No. 6 wheels of No. 3 planetary gears
Tooth equally has larger abrasion.In conclusion the envelope curve variation of three planetary gear synchronized averaging results and gear wear situation
Substantially it is consistent, the envelope range value for taking turns odontotripsis larger part is larger.Experiments have shown that can be incited somebody to action using decoupling method proposed in this paper
Planetary gear mesh vibration is full decoupled, and realizes the diagnosis to the gear distribution degree of wear.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, although referring to above-described embodiment pair
The present invention is described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art still can to a specific embodiment of the invention into
Row modification perhaps equivalent replacement these without departing from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, applying
Within pending claims of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, planetary gear mesh vibration is separated using Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter, obtains time-domain signal；
Step 2, order resampling is carried out to the time-domain signal that step 1 obtains and obtains order waveform；
Step 3, it determines the cosine ascending power window function of N number of planetary gear, and is multiplied with the order waveform that step 2 obtains, N is calculated
A planetary gear adding window synchronized averaging vibration signal
Step 4, it solves respectively N number ofThe peak value k of envelope signali；min(kiWhen) → 0, parameter is optimal solution, acquires removal path
The planetary gear original vibration signal of modulationTo realize the full decoupled of N number of planetary gear mesh vibration；
Wherein, i indicates the serial number of planetary gear, i=1, and 2 ..., N, N are planetary gear number.
2. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the default rank mesh vibration of planetary gear is separated using Vold-Kalman order tracking technique filter；
(2) cosine ascending power function is selectedThe window function added when as synchronized averaging；
Wherein, i indicates the serial number of planetary gear, fcTurn frequency for planet carrier,For the phase difference between planetary gear mesh vibration,
N is planetary gear number；
ChangeValue arrives different window functions, respectively obtains the synchronized averaging signal of N number of planetary gearI=1,2 ..., N；
(3) there are the symmetric coefficient matrixs of a N × NSo that
For eliminated gear-box path-modulation original planetary gear mesh vibration；M, the n path-modulations with gear-box
And the window function added when synchronized averaging is related；
(4) in matrix expressionTwo sides obtain nibbling for original planetary gear multiplied by the inverse matrix of coefficient matrix C
Close vibration
(5) Coefficient m, n meet relationshipCoefficient matrix and existing continuous lights function synchronizing are averagely obtainedPhase
Multiply, solvesThe peak value k of envelope signali；When certain groupValue make min (kiWhen) → 0, which is optimal solution；According to step
(4) the planetary gear original vibration signal for eliminating path-modulation is acquiredTo realize the thorough decoupling of mesh vibration.
3. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
In step (1), the reference frequency of filter is the meshing frequency of planetary gear, and pass band width covers the row of meshing frequency two sides three times
Carrier turns frequency sideband.
4. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
In step (1), presetting rank is 1-5 rank.
5. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
In step (3), the synchronized averaging result of 3 planetary gearsIt indicates are as follows:
For original planetary gear mesh vibration, and the amplitude modulation of gear-box path-modulation introducing is eliminated；M, n only and
The window function of path-modulation and the synchronized averaging addition of gear-box is related；
It is expressed as matrix form:
6. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
In step (4), the mesh vibration of original planetary gear is obtained multiplied by the inverse matrix of coefficient matrix to the matrix two sides in step (3)Expression formula is:
7. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
In step (5), setting step-length is 0.001, and coefficient matrix and existing continuous lights function synchronizing are averagely obtainedIt is multiplied,
It solvesThe peak value k of envelope signali。
8. a kind of planetary gear mesh vibration decoupling method based on parameter optimization according to any one of claim 2 to 7,
It is characterized in that, for realizing the diagnosis of the gear distribution degree of wear.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113465916A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 西安交通大学 | Gear tooth state evaluation method, device, equipment and medium of planetary gear train |
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