CN110511770B - Raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser and control method thereof - Google Patents
Raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110511770B CN110511770B CN201910916370.2A CN201910916370A CN110511770B CN 110511770 B CN110511770 B CN 110511770B CN 201910916370 A CN201910916370 A CN 201910916370A CN 110511770 B CN110511770 B CN 110511770B
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
- C10B41/08—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for the withdrawal of the distillation gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger ascending pipe and a control method thereof, wherein the ascending pipe comprises a waste heat recovery heat exchanger ascending pipe (1), a heat exchange medium pipe is wound on the pipe wall of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger ascending pipe (1), the heat exchange medium pipe comprises a heat exchange cold medium inlet (2) and a heat exchange cold medium outlet (3), and a heat exchange cold medium inlet balance valve (12) is arranged at the heat exchange cold medium inlet (2). The invention can adapt to the working conditions of raw gas output and flame drop curve change, the flow is controlled to be constant through the pressure difference of the heat exchange medium inlet of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, namely when the raw gas output of the coke oven is large and the heat exchange quantity is large, the pressure difference of the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchange medium is increased, the resistance of the heat exchange medium is reduced and increased, the flow of the rising pipe is caused to have a reduced trend, the balance valve is used for one-way adjustment of the pressure difference, the area of the inlet is increased, the resistance is reduced, and the flow of the rising pipe is stabilized to be constant; and vice versa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser and a control method thereof, which are mainly used for raw gas waste heat recovery of a coke oven and belong to the technical field of heat exchangers.
Background
The waste heat recovery rising pipe of the raw coke oven gas is being popularized or has been widely applied to waste heat recovery of raw coke oven gas. The coke oven is formed by arranging a plurality of carbonization chambers (hearths), each hearth is provided with one or two ascending pipes, raw coke oven gas obtained by carbonization is sent to the bridge pipe, and after rapid cooling, the raw coke oven gas is sent to the gas collecting pipe. The coke oven raw gas waste heat recovery ascending pipe is the ascending pipe filled with the heat insulation material originally, and is replaced by the coke oven raw gas waste heat recovery ascending pipe which is parallel to the furnace top and connected in parallel with the gas collecting pipe. The coke oven production is intermittent production, each oven coke production process needs to be subjected to a plurality of production processes such as coal adding (loading), heating carbonization, coke making, coke pushing and the like, the coke produced by each oven can form a temperature curve with flame falling temperature change in the production processes such as coal adding (loading), heating carbonization, coke making, coke pushing and the like, namely, the raw gas output and the components change in real time in the coal carbonization process, the change of the heat exchange quantity of the rising pipes of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger is also caused, the change of the gasification rate of heat exchange medium in the pipes of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger is further caused, the change of the real-time pressure drop of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipes of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger is further caused, that is, the heat exchange quantity is increased when the raw gas output is large, the heat extraction quantity in the rising pipes of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is increased, the water intake quantity is more favorable for waste heat recovery, the actual condition is the change of the heat exchange medium in the rising pipes of the waste gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger in parallel connection is increased, and the pressure difference of the heat recovery medium in the rising pipes of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced when the pressure of the waste heat recovery medium in the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is increased. Therefore, the bias flow of water (or other heat working media) of the ascending pipe heat exchange medium of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger connected in parallel is caused, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is reduced.
At present, a method of connecting a series-parallel waste heat recovery heat exchanger ascending pipe outlet pipeline into a group according to a production series is adopted, and then connecting the ascending pipe outlet pipeline into an outlet main pipe in parallel; there are also a series-parallel waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser outlet pipeline which is a group of pipelines which are regulated by regulating valves according to the production series; and an orifice plate is additionally arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger to limit the flow, so that the water (or other heat working medium) stabilization effect of the heat exchange medium is formed.
The parallel connection method is adopted according to the production serial sequence, so that the drift problem of water (or other heat working media) of the heat exchange medium is not solved substantially; the scheme of the regulating valve has the actual situation of non-usable on-site unorganized flame, namely the actual working condition does not allow the regulating valve to be added; the adoption of orifice plate flow restriction also does not substantially solve the problem of drift of water (or other hot working medium) of the heat exchange medium.
In addition, the hearth is not allowed to enter water in the life cycle of the coke oven production process, once the hearth enters water, the hearth is damaged, great loss is caused, and hidden danger is brought to safety production.
The current method for controlling the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger to leak water in the hearth adopts a double-layer rising pipe inner wall structure to increase the safety coefficient, and the method can cause high-temperature corrosion damage of jacket metal after the inner cylinder is damaged, so that the method is only a failure delay method in practice, and the fundamental problem is not solved; the method also has a meter control method for monitoring the temperature of the raw gas at the outlet of the rising pipe, and has fatal defects because the actual working condition of the meter line is not allowed on site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe which has balanced flow distribution in the pipe and can cut off water (or other hot working media) in time once water (or other hot working media) leaks and a control method thereof.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the rising pipe of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger comprises a rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, a heat exchange medium pipe (or other devices such as a heat jacket and the like) is wound on the pipe wall of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, the heat exchange medium pipe comprises a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet balance valve is connected and arranged at the position of the heat exchange medium inlet, the heat exchange medium inlet balance valve comprises a balance valve piston type valve core, a balance valve inlet and a balance valve outlet are respectively arranged at two sides of the balance valve piston type valve core, the balance valve outlet is connected with the heat exchange medium inlet, the balance valve inlet is connected with an outer pipe and connected with a heat exchange medium, the lower end of the balance valve piston type valve core is connected with a first piston cavity, a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding nozzle is arranged on the first piston cavity, the upper end of the balance valve piston type valve core is sequentially connected with a third piston cavity and a fourth piston cavity which are connected in series, a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding nozzle is arranged on the third piston cavity, a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle is arranged on the fourth piston cavity, a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding port and a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding port are respectively arranged at positions close to a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, a raw gas outlet pressure guiding port is arranged at a position close to the upper end of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger ascending pipe, a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding pipe is arranged between the heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding port and the heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding nozzle, a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding pipe is arranged between the heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding port and the heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding nozzle, a raw gas outlet pressure guiding pipe is connected between the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port and the raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle.
Furthermore, a second piston cavity is arranged below the first piston cavity in series, a raw gas inlet pressure guiding nozzle is arranged on the second piston cavity, a raw gas inlet pressure guiding opening is arranged at a position close to the lower end of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and a raw gas inlet pressure guiding pipe is connected between the raw gas inlet pressure guiding opening and the raw gas inlet pressure guiding nozzle.
Furthermore, a one-way valve which is installed in the same direction as the heat exchange medium is arranged at the outlet of the heat exchange medium.
Further, a balance spring is arranged in the third piston cavity.
Furthermore, the balance valve piston type valve core is provided with a horn mouth with a large lower part and a small upper part.
A control method of a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser pipe comprises the following steps:
setting initial flow, wherein a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle connected to a first piston cavity by a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading pipe, and the pressure formed in the communicated first piston cavity is P1; the pressure acting on the lower end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P1;
the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle on a third piston cavity by a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading pipe, a balance spring is arranged in the third piston cavity, and the sum of the heat exchange medium outlet pressure and the pressure of the balance spring is P3; the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle connected with a fourth piston cavity which is connected with the third piston cavity in one-way series, and the pressure is P4 in the fourth piston cavity communicated with the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port; the pressure acting on the upper end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P3+P4;
the opening of the piston hole is the same as the set value when p1=p3+p4, namely, the initial flow is set to be a proper proportion value of the water supply flow and the evaporation capacity meeting the heat exchange requirement of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the running of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger can be realized after the opening of the piston type valve core opening of the balance valve is the initial set value;
when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of a heat exchange cold medium inlet and a heat exchange cold medium outlet in pressure cavities at two ends of a piston type valve core of a balance valve is unbalanced, P1 is more than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves upwards at the moment, the opening of a balance valve of a heat exchange medium inlet is increased in a proportional way by upward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of a heat exchange medium is increased, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to maximize heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
on the contrary, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium inlet and the heat exchange cold medium outlet in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is unbalanced, P1 is smaller than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves downwards, the opening of the balance valve of the heat exchange medium inlet is reduced by the downward movement proportion of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of the heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the supply amount of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to be reduced to achieve the maximization of heat taking efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is also achieved.
When the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of a heat exchange cold medium inlet and a heat exchange cold medium outlet in pressure cavities at two ends of a piston type valve core of a balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is more than P3+P4, at the moment, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves upwards, the opening of a balance valve of the heat exchange cold medium inlet is increased proportionally by the upward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of heat exchange medium is increased, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to realize maximum heat exchange efficiency, and optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
on the contrary, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium inlet and the heat exchange cold medium outlet in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is smaller than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves downwards, the opening of the balance valve of the heat exchange cold medium inlet is reduced proportionally due to the downward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to reduce the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to maximize the heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized.
Furthermore, when the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger has internal leakage, the heat exchange medium of raw gas flowing into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is instantaneously vaporized, so that the pressure of P4 is rapidly increased, P1 < P3+P4, the piston valve core of the balance valve rapidly moves downwards to a dead point and cannot be recovered, the balance valve of the inlet of the heat exchange medium is closed, and the inlet of the heat exchange medium in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is cut off; the one-way valve is arranged at the heat exchange medium outlet of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, so that the medium at the heat exchange medium outlet is automatically cut off from reversely flowing into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the control of avoiding a great amount of heat exchange medium from flowing into the coke oven is realized.
A control method of a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser pipe comprises the following steps:
setting initial flow, wherein a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle connected to a first piston cavity by a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading pipe, and the pressure formed in the communicated first piston cavity is P1; the raw gas inlet pressure leading port is connected with a raw gas inlet pressure leading nozzle connected with a second piston cavity which is connected with the first piston cavity in one-way series, and the pressure formed in the communicated second piston cavity is P2; the pressure acting on the lower end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P1+P2;
the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle on a third piston cavity by a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading pipe, a balance spring is arranged in the third piston cavity, and the sum of the heat exchange medium outlet pressure and the pressure of the balance spring is P3; the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle connected with a fourth piston cavity which is connected with the third piston cavity in one-way series, and the pressure is P4 in the fourth piston cavity communicated with the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port; the pressure acting on the upper end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P3+P4;
the opening of the piston hole is the same as the set value when p1+p2=p3+p4, namely, the set of the initial flow is a proper proportion value of the water supply flow and the evaporation capacity meeting the heat exchange requirement of the riser of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the operation of the riser of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger can be realized after the opening of the piston type valve core opening of the balance valve is the initial set value;
when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of a heat exchange cold medium inlet and a heat exchange cold medium outlet in pressure cavities at two ends of a piston type valve core of a balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is more than P3+P4, at the moment, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves upwards, the opening of a balance valve of a heat exchange medium inlet is increased proportionally, the flow of the heat exchange medium is increased, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to maximize heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
on the contrary, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium inlet and the heat exchange cold medium outlet in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is smaller than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves downwards, the opening of the balance valve of the heat exchange medium inlet is reduced proportionally due to the downward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of the heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to reduce the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to realize the maximization of heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized.
Furthermore, when the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger leaks, the heat exchange medium of the raw gas flowing into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is instantaneously vaporized, so that the pressure difference between P2 and P4 is rapidly increased, P1+P2 < P3+P4, the piston valve core of the balance valve rapidly moves downwards to the dead point and cannot be recovered, the balance valve of the heat exchange cold medium inlet is closed, the entry of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is cut off, and the reverse inflow of the medium of the outlet of the heat exchange medium into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is automatically cut off due to the one-way valve arranged at the outlet of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, so that the control of avoiding the large amount of heat exchange medium flowing into the coke oven is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention can adapt to the working conditions of raw gas output and flame drop curve change, and the flow is controlled constantly or in a required way through the pressure difference of the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger in a reverse way, namely when the raw gas output of the coke oven is large and the heat exchange capacity is large, the pressure difference of the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet is increased, the resistance of the heat exchange medium is increased, the flow of the rising pipe is reduced, the balance valve is used for adjusting the pressure difference in a reverse way, increasing the inlet area, reducing the resistance and stabilizing the flow of the rising pipe or increasing the flow adjustment, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; vice versa;
2. in the running process of the rising pipe, once the rising pipe heat exchanger fails to cause internal leakage, the pressure difference of a raw gas channel in the rising pipe is increased (or the pressure at the outlet position of the gas channel in the rising pipe is increased), and the increased pressure difference or pressure can enable the valve to cut off the continuous inflow of heat exchange medium of the rising pipe heat exchanger, stop the rising pipe from running continuously, and play a role in protecting a coke oven.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment 1 of a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser pipe according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 2 of a rising pipe of a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger according to the present invention.
Wherein:
rising pipe 1 of waste heat recovery heat exchanger
Heat exchange medium inlet 2
Heat exchange medium outlet 3
Pressure leading port 4 of heat exchange medium inlet
Pressure guiding pipe 5 of heat exchange medium inlet
Pressure leading port 6 of heat exchange medium outlet
Pressure guiding pipe 7 at outlet of heat exchange medium
Raw gas inlet pressure leading port 8
Raw gas inlet pressure guiding pipe 9
Raw gas outlet pressure leading port 10
Raw gas outlet pressure guiding pipe 11
Heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12
Balance valve inlet 12-1
Balance valve outlet 12-2
Balance valve piston type valve core 12-3
Pressure leading nozzle 12-4 for heat exchange medium inlet
First piston chamber 12-5
Second piston chamber 12-6
Raw gas inlet pressure-introducing nozzle 12-7
Pressure leading nozzle 12-8 of heat exchange medium outlet
Third piston chamber 12-9
Balance spring 12-10
Fourth piston Cavity 12-11
Raw gas outlet pressure-introducing nozzle 12-12
A one-way valve 13.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
Example 1: raw gas inlet and outlet pressure difference cut-off balance valve utilizing rising pipe of waste heat recovery heat exchanger
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe, which comprises a waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe 1, wherein a heat exchange medium pipe (or other devices such as a heat jacket and the like) is wound on the pipe wall of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe 1, the heat exchange medium pipe comprises a heat exchange medium inlet 2 and a heat exchange medium outlet 3, a heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12 is connected at the position of the heat exchange medium inlet 2, the heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12 comprises a balance valve piston type valve core 12-3, a balance valve inlet 12-1 and a balance valve outlet 12-2 are respectively arranged at two sides of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3, the balance valve outlet 12-2 is connected with the heat exchange medium inlet 2, the balance valve inlet 12-1 is connected with an outer pipeline and is connected with a heat exchange medium, the lower end of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is sequentially connected with a first piston cavity 12-5 and a second piston cavity 12-6 which are connected in series, the first piston cavity 12-5 is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-4, the second piston cavity 12-6 is provided with a raw gas inlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-7, the upper end of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is sequentially connected with a third piston cavity 12-9 and a fourth piston cavity 12-11 which are connected in series, a balance spring 12-10 is arranged in the third piston cavity 12-9, the third piston cavity 12-9 is provided with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-8, the fourth piston cavity 12-11 is provided with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-12, the heat exchange medium pipe is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading-in port 4 and a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading-in port 6 at positions close to a heat exchange medium inlet 2 and a heat exchange medium outlet 3 respectively, the waste heat recovery heat exchanger ascending pipe 1 is provided with a raw gas outlet pressure leading-in port 10 and a raw gas inlet pressure leading-in port 8 at positions close to the upper end and the lower end respectively, a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading-in pipe 5 is connected between the heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading-in port 4 and a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading-in nozzle 12-4, a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading-in pipe 7 is connected between the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading-in port 6 and the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading-in nozzle 12-8, a raw gas outlet pressure leading-in pipe 11 is connected between the raw gas outlet pressure leading-in port 10 and the raw gas outlet pressure leading-in nozzle 12-12, and a raw gas inlet pressure leading-in pipe 9 is connected between the raw gas inlet pressure leading-in port 8 and the raw gas inlet pressure leading-in nozzle 12-7;
the heat exchange medium outlet 3 is provided with a one-way valve 13 which is installed in the same direction as the heat exchange medium, so that the heat exchange medium is prevented from reversely flowing into the coke oven when the continuous operation of the ascending pipe is stopped.
The essence of the binary automatic protection of the rising pipe of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger is that the rising pipe is regulated and protected through a heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12, and the regulating and protecting principle is that the heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12 regulates and controls the flow of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipe 1 of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the specific control method is as follows:
setting initial flow, wherein a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading port 4 is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle 12-4 connected to a first piston cavity 12-5 by a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading pipe 5, and the pressure P1 is formed in the communicated first piston cavity 12-5; the raw gas inlet pressure leading-in port 8 adopts a raw gas inlet pressure leading-in pipe 9 to be connected with a raw gas inlet pressure leading-in nozzle 12-7 on a second piston cavity 12-6 which is connected with a first piston cavity 12-5 in one-way series connection, and the pressure P2 is formed in the second piston cavity 12-6 communicated with the raw gas inlet pressure leading-in port; the pressure acting on the lower end face of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is P1+P2;
the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading port 6 is connected with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle 12-8 on a third piston cavity 12-9 by a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading pipe 7, a balance spring 12-10 is arranged in the third piston cavity 12-9, and the sum of the heat exchange medium outlet pressure and the pressure of the balance spring 12-10 is P3; the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port 10 is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding pipe 11 and is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-12 on a fourth piston cavity 12-11 which is connected with a third piston cavity 12-9 in one-way series connection, and the pressure P4 is formed in the fourth piston cavity 12-11 communicated with the raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle (under the normal operation condition, the P4 is usually normal pressure or micro-positive pressure); the pressure acting on the upper end face of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is P3+P4;
the opening of the piston hole when p1+p2=p3+p4 is the same as the set value, that is, the initial flow is set to be a proper ratio value of the water supply flow and the evaporation capacity meeting the heat exchange requirement of the riser 1 of the heat recovery heat exchanger, and the operation of the riser 1 of the heat recovery heat exchanger can be realized after the opening of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve is the initial set value.
When the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium inlet 2 and the heat exchange cold medium outlet 3 in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is more than P3+P4, at the moment, the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve moves upwards, a horn mouth with a lower size is formed on the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve, the opening of the balance valve 12 of the heat exchange medium inlet is increased proportionally, and the flow of the heat exchange medium is increased, at the moment, the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply quantity of the heat exchange medium to realize the maximization of heat exchange efficiency, so that the optimized control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
on the contrary, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount change of the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure imbalance of the heat exchange cold medium inlet 2 and the heat exchange cold medium outlet 3 in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve is caused, P1+P2 < P3+P4, the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve moves downwards, the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve is provided with a horn mouth with a large bottom and a small top, the opening of the balance valve 12 of the balance valve is reduced in proportion by the downward movement of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve, the flow of the heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to reduce the supply of the heat exchange medium to realize the maximization of heat exchange efficiency, and thus the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized.
When the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger has internal leakage, the heat exchange medium of raw gas flowing into the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is instantaneously vaporized, so that the pressure difference between P2 and P4 is rapidly increased, P1+P2 is less than P3+P4, the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve rapidly moves downwards to a dead point and cannot be recovered, the balance valve 12 of the heat exchange medium inlet is closed, and the entry of the heat exchange medium in the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is cut off; the one-way valve 13 arranged at the heat exchange medium outlet 3 of the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger automatically cuts off the reverse flow of the medium at the heat exchange medium outlet 3 into the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, thereby realizing the control of avoiding the heat exchange medium from flowing into the coke oven in a large quantity.
The balance valve is a principle for solving the flow pressure difference change relation by utilizing the balance principle, and can be changed into a single-ended pressure difference regulating type structure, such as a regulating valve type structure.
Example 2: raw gas outlet pressure cut-off balance valve for rising pipe of waste heat recovery heat exchanger
Referring to fig. 2, the invention relates to a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe, which comprises a waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe 1, wherein a heat exchange medium pipe (or other devices such as a heat jacket and the like) is wound on the pipe wall of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe 1, the heat exchange medium pipe comprises a heat exchange medium inlet 2 and a heat exchange medium outlet 3, a heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12 is connected at the position of the heat exchange medium inlet 2, the heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12 comprises a balance valve piston type valve core 12-3, a balance valve inlet 12-1 and a balance valve outlet 12-2 are respectively arranged at two sides of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3, the balance valve outlet 12-2 is connected with the heat exchange medium inlet 2, the balance valve inlet 12-1 is connected with an outer pipe to be connected with a heat exchange medium, the lower end of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is connected with a first piston cavity 12-5, the first piston cavity 12-5 is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle 12-4, the upper end of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is sequentially connected with a third piston cavity 12-9 and a fourth piston cavity 12-11 which are connected in series, a balance spring 12-10 is arranged in the third piston cavity 12-9, the third piston cavity 12-9 is provided with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle 12-8, the fourth piston cavity 12-11 is provided with a raw gas outlet pressure leading nozzle 12-12, the heat exchange medium pipe is respectively provided with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle 4 and a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle 6 at positions close to the heat exchange medium inlet 2 and the heat exchange medium outlet 3, the waste heat recovery heat exchanger rising pipe 1 is provided with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding port 10 near the upper end, a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding pipe 5 is connected between the heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding port 4 and a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-4, a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding pipe 7 is connected between the heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding port 6 and a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-8, and a raw gas outlet pressure guiding pipe 11 is connected between the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port 10 and the raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-12;
the heat exchange medium outlet 3 is provided with a one-way valve 13 which is installed in the same direction as the heat exchange medium, so that the heat exchange medium is prevented from reversely flowing into the coke oven when the continuous operation of the ascending pipe is stopped.
The essence of the binary automatic protection of the rising pipe of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger is that the rising pipe is regulated and protected through a heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12, and the regulating and protecting principle is that the heat exchange medium inlet balance valve 12 regulates and controls the flow of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipe 1 of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the specific control method is as follows:
setting initial flow, wherein a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading port 4 is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle 12-4 connected to a first piston cavity 12-5 by a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading pipe 5, and the pressure P1 is formed in the communicated first piston cavity 12-5; the pressure acting on the lower end face of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is P1;
the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading port 6 is connected with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle 12-8 on a third piston cavity 12-9 by a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading pipe 7, a balance spring 12-10 is arranged in the third piston cavity 12-9, and the sum of the heat exchange medium outlet pressure and the pressure of the balance spring 12-10 is P3; the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port 10 is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding pipe 11 and is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle 12-12 on a fourth piston cavity 12-11 which is connected with a third piston cavity 12-9 in one-way series connection, and the pressure P4 is formed in the fourth piston cavity 12-11 communicated with the raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle (under the normal operation condition, the P4 is usually normal pressure or micro-positive pressure); the pressure acting on the upper end face of the balance valve piston type valve core 12-3 is P3+P4;
the opening of the piston hole when p1=p3+p4 is the same as the set value, that is, the initial flow is set to be a proper ratio value of the water supply flow and the evaporation capacity meeting the heat exchange requirement of the riser 1 of the heat recovery heat exchanger, and the operation of the riser 1 of the heat recovery heat exchanger can be realized after the opening of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve is the initial set value.
When the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium inlet 2 and the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium outlet 3 in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve are unbalanced, P1 is more than P3+P4, the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve moves upwards, a horn mouth with a large bottom and a small top is arranged on the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve, the opening of the balance valve 12 of the heat exchange medium inlet is increased by the upward movement proportion of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve, and the flow of the heat exchange medium is increased, and the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply of the heat exchange medium to realize the maximization of heat exchange efficiency, so that the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
on the contrary, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure imbalance of the heat exchange cold medium inlet 2 and the heat exchange cold medium outlet 3 in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve is caused, P1 is smaller than P3+P4, the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve moves downwards, a horn mouth with a large lower size is formed on the piston valve core 12-3 of the balance valve, the opening of the balance valve 12 of the heat exchange medium inlet is reduced in a proportion mode, the flow of the heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to reduce the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to realize the maximization of heat exchange efficiency, so that the optimized control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized.
When the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger leaks, the heat exchange medium of raw gas flowing into the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is instantaneously vaporized, so that the pressure of P4 is rapidly increased, P1 < P3+P4, the piston type valve core 12-3 of the balance valve rapidly moves downwards to a dead point and cannot be recovered, the balance valve 12 of the inlet of the heat exchange medium is closed, and the entry of the heat exchange medium in the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is cut off; the one-way valve 13 arranged at the heat exchange medium outlet 3 of the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger automatically cuts off the reverse flow of the medium at the heat exchange medium outlet 3 into the rising pipe 1 of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, thereby realizing the control of avoiding the heat exchange medium from flowing into the coke oven in a large quantity.
The balance valve is a principle for solving the flow pressure difference change relation by utilizing the balance principle, and can be changed into a single-ended pressure difference regulating type structure, such as a regulating valve type structure.
The above-mentioned terms are used generally in the above-mentioned terms, and the principle of balancing may be the basic principle of communicating with other diaphragm type regulating valves, such as piston type regulating valves.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger tedge which characterized in that: the heat exchange medium tube comprises a heat recovery heat exchanger ascending tube (1), a heat exchange medium tube is wound on the tube wall of the heat recovery heat exchanger ascending tube (1), the heat exchange medium tube comprises a heat exchange medium inlet (2) and a heat exchange medium outlet (3), a heat exchange medium inlet balance valve (12) is connected and arranged at the position of the heat exchange medium inlet (2), the heat exchange medium inlet balance valve (12) comprises a balance valve piston type valve core (12-3), a balance valve inlet (12-1) and a balance valve outlet (12-2) are respectively arranged at two sides of the balance valve piston type valve core (12-3), the balance valve outlet (12-2) is connected with the heat exchange medium inlet (2), the balance valve inlet (12-1) is connected with an outer tube and connected with a heat exchange medium, the lower end of the balance valve piston type valve core (12-3) is connected with a first piston cavity (12-5), a heat exchange medium inlet pilot pressure (12-4) is arranged on the first piston cavity (12-5), a third piston cavity (12-9) and a fourth piston cavity (12-8) are sequentially connected with the upper end of the balance valve piston type valve core (12-3), the waste heat recovery heat exchanger comprises a fourth piston cavity (12-11), a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle (12-12) is arranged on the fourth piston cavity, a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding opening (4) and a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding opening (6) are respectively arranged at positions close to a heat exchange medium inlet (2) and a heat exchange medium outlet (3), a raw gas outlet pressure guiding opening (10) is arranged at a position close to the upper end of a waste heat recovery heat exchanger ascending pipe (1), a heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding pipe (5) is connected between the heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding opening (4) and the heat exchange medium inlet pressure guiding nozzle (12-4), a heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding pipe (7) is connected between the heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding opening (6) and the heat exchange medium outlet pressure guiding nozzle (12-8), and a raw gas outlet pressure guiding pipe (11) is connected between the raw gas outlet pressure guiding opening (10) and the raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle (12-12);
a second piston cavity (12-6) is arranged below the first piston cavity (12-5) in series, a raw gas inlet pressure guiding nozzle (12-7) is arranged on the second piston cavity (12-6), a raw gas inlet pressure guiding opening (8) is arranged at a position close to the lower end of the rising pipe (1) of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and a raw gas inlet pressure guiding pipe (9) is arranged between the raw gas inlet pressure guiding opening (8) and the raw gas inlet pressure guiding nozzle (12-7) in a connecting manner;
the heat exchange medium outlet (3) is provided with a one-way valve (13) which is installed in the same direction with the heat exchange medium.
2. The raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser of claim 1, wherein: and a balance spring (12-10) is arranged in the third piston cavity (12-9).
3. The raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger riser of claim 1, wherein: the balance valve piston type valve core (12-3) is provided with a horn mouth with a large lower part and a small upper part.
4. A control method for a riser pipe of a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
setting initial flow, wherein a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle connected to a first piston cavity by a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading pipe, and the pressure formed in the communicated first piston cavity is P1; the pressure acting on the lower end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P1;
the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle on a third piston cavity by a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading pipe, a balance spring is arranged in the third piston cavity, and the sum of the heat exchange medium outlet pressure and the pressure of the balance spring is P3; the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle connected with a fourth piston cavity which is connected with the third piston cavity in one-way series, and the pressure is P4 in the fourth piston cavity communicated with the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port; the pressure acting on the upper end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P3+P4;
the opening of the piston hole is the same as the set value when p1=p3+p4, namely, the initial flow is set to be a proper proportion value of the water supply flow and the evaporation capacity meeting the heat exchange requirement of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the running of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger can be realized after the opening of the piston type valve core opening of the balance valve is the initial set value;
when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of a heat exchange cold medium inlet and a heat exchange cold medium outlet in pressure cavities at two ends of a piston type valve core of a balance valve is unbalanced, P1 is more than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves upwards at the moment, the opening of a balance valve of a heat exchange medium inlet is increased in a proportional way by upward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of a heat exchange medium is increased, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to maximize heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
conversely, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of a heat exchange cold medium inlet and a heat exchange cold medium outlet in pressure cavities at two ends of a piston type valve core of the balance valve is unbalanced, P1 is smaller than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves downwards, the opening of a balance valve of a heat exchange medium inlet is reduced by the downward movement proportion of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of the heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the supply amount of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to be reduced to realize the maximization of heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of a heat exchange cold medium inlet and a heat exchange cold medium outlet in pressure cavities at two ends of a piston type valve core of a balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is more than P3+P4, at the moment, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves upwards, the opening of a balance valve of the heat exchange cold medium inlet is increased proportionally by the upward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of heat exchange medium is increased, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to realize maximum heat exchange efficiency, and optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
on the contrary, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium inlet and the heat exchange cold medium outlet in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is smaller than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves downwards, the opening of the balance valve of the heat exchange cold medium inlet is reduced proportionally due to the downward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to reduce the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to maximize the heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized.
5. The control method of the rising pipe of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: when the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger has internal leakage, the heat exchange medium of raw gas flowing into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is instantaneously vaporized, so that the pressure of P4 is rapidly increased, P1 < P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve rapidly moves downwards to a dead point and cannot be recovered, the balance valve of the inlet of the heat exchange medium is closed, and the inlet of the heat exchange medium in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is cut off; the one-way valve is arranged at the heat exchange medium outlet of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, so that the medium at the heat exchange medium outlet is automatically cut off from reversely flowing into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the control of avoiding a great amount of heat exchange medium from flowing into the coke oven is realized.
6. A control method for a riser pipe of a raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
setting initial flow, wherein a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading nozzle connected to a first piston cavity by a heat exchange medium inlet pressure leading pipe, and the pressure formed in the communicated first piston cavity is P1; the raw gas inlet pressure leading port is connected with a raw gas inlet pressure leading nozzle connected with a second piston cavity which is connected with the first piston cavity in one-way series, and the pressure formed in the communicated second piston cavity is P2; the pressure acting on the lower end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P1+P2;
the heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading port is connected with a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading nozzle on a third piston cavity by a heat exchange medium outlet pressure leading pipe, a balance spring is arranged in the third piston cavity, and the sum of the heat exchange medium outlet pressure and the pressure of the balance spring is P3; the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port is connected with a raw gas outlet pressure guiding nozzle connected with a fourth piston cavity which is connected with the third piston cavity in one-way series, and the pressure is P4 in the fourth piston cavity communicated with the raw gas outlet pressure guiding port; the pressure acting on the upper end face of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is P3+P4;
the opening of the piston hole is the same as the set value when p1+p2=p3+p4, namely, the set of the initial flow is a proper proportion value of the water supply flow and the evaporation capacity meeting the heat exchange requirement of the riser of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, and the operation of the riser of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger can be realized after the opening of the piston type valve core opening of the balance valve is the initial set value;
when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger increases based on heat increase in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of a heat exchange cold medium inlet and a heat exchange cold medium outlet in pressure cavities at two ends of a piston type valve core of a balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is more than P3+P4, at the moment, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves upwards, the opening of a balance valve of a heat exchange medium inlet is increased proportionally, the flow of the heat exchange medium is increased, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to increase the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to maximize heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized;
on the contrary, when the raw gas output changes and the heat exchange evaporation amount of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is reduced based on heat reduction in the operation process of the coke oven, the pressure formed in the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger changes, so that the pressure of the heat exchange cold medium inlet and the heat exchange cold medium outlet in the pressure cavities at the two ends of the piston type valve core of the balance valve is unbalanced, P1+P2 is smaller than P3+P4, the piston type valve core of the balance valve moves downwards, the opening of the balance valve of the heat exchange medium inlet is reduced proportionally due to the downward movement of the piston type valve core of the balance valve, the flow of the heat exchange medium is reduced, and at the moment, the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger needs to reduce the supply amount of the heat exchange medium to realize the maximization of heat exchange efficiency, and the optimal control of the flow of the heat exchange medium is realized.
7. The control method of the rising pipe of the raw gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger leaks, the heat exchange medium of raw gas flowing into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is instantaneously vaporized, so that the pressure difference between P2 and P4 is increased rapidly, the P1 and P2 < P3 and P4 are enabled to move downwards rapidly until dead points can not be recovered, the balance valve of the heat exchange cold medium inlet is closed, the entry of the heat exchange medium of the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is cut off, and the reverse inflow of the medium of the heat exchange medium outlet into the rising pipe of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger is automatically cut off due to the one-way valve arranged at the heat exchange medium outlet, so that the control of avoiding the large amount of heat exchange medium flowing into the coke oven is realized.
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