CN110509786B - Electric automobile charging method, charging system and electric automobile - Google Patents
Electric automobile charging method, charging system and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110509786B CN110509786B CN201910757817.6A CN201910757817A CN110509786B CN 110509786 B CN110509786 B CN 110509786B CN 201910757817 A CN201910757817 A CN 201910757817A CN 110509786 B CN110509786 B CN 110509786B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field related to thermal management of battery systems of pure electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a charging method and a charging system of an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle. The charging method comprises a slow charging strategy, and is characterized in that the slow charging strategy comprises the following steps: when the first low-temperature condition is met, the first battery pack of the battery pack assembly is charged, and then the second battery pack of the battery pack assembly is charged. In the technical scheme, the first battery pack is charged firstly, and the heat released by the first battery pack in the charging process can be used for heating the second battery pack, so that the use environment and the use condition of the second battery pack are optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field related to thermal management of battery systems of pure electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a charging method and a charging system of an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle.
Background
The pure electric vehicle is powered by the battery pack assembly, the battery pack assembly has good charging performance in a normal temperature environment, and the daily requirements of users of the pure electric vehicle can be normally met; however, in a low-temperature environment, the charging capability of the battery pack assembly system is limited by the charging capability of a single battery cell, and the charging capability of the battery cell is reduced due to the reduction of the internal temperature of the battery pack, and the battery cell is not allowed to be charged in a limit condition, so that a user cannot normally use the vehicle.
The invention patent application with application publication number CN108032753A and application publication date 2018, 5 month and 15 days discloses a preheating and charging method for an electric automobile. Before the battery pack is charged, the temperature of the battery is raised to a proper temperature, and the battery pack is charged by the optimized current. The use limitation of the charging device under the low-temperature condition is solved, and the charging efficiency is improved.
Application publication number CN103683439A, application publication date 2014 3 month 26 day of the invention patent application discloses a lithium battery pack charging control system and method, the system includes: the system comprises a charging control unit, a detection circuit and n charging controllers, wherein each charger can independently charge one battery; the detection circuit detects the voltage and current of each battery and feeds back a detection signal to the charging control unit, and the charging control unit independently adjusts the charging voltage or charging current of each charging controller according to the detection signal of each battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric vehicle charging method, a charging system and an electric vehicle, which can shorten the charging time and improve the charging efficiency based on the background technology.
A method of charging an electric vehicle comprising a slow charging strategy, wherein the slow charging strategy comprises:
when the first low-temperature condition is met, the first battery pack of the battery pack assembly is charged, and then the second battery pack of the battery pack assembly is charged.
In the technical scheme, the first battery pack is charged firstly, and the heat released by the first battery pack in the charging process can be used for heating the second battery pack, so that the use environment and the use condition of the second battery pack are optimized.
Further, the slow charging strategy further comprises: when the second low-temperature condition is met, starting a battery preheating device to preheat the first battery pack, then charging the first battery pack, and finally charging the second battery pack; the second low temperature condition is lower than the conditioned temperature of the first low temperature condition. The battery preheating device preheats the first battery pack in the low-temperature environment that the first battery pack cannot be started, so that the preheating time is shortened, the charging time is shortened, and the charging efficiency is improved.
A charging system of an electric automobile comprises a battery pack assembly and a battery management system, wherein the battery pack assembly comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack; the battery management system is used for controlling a slow charging process of the battery pack assembly according to a slow charging strategy; the method is characterized in that: the slow charging strategy comprises the steps of charging the first battery pack and then charging the second battery pack when a first low temperature condition is met.
In the technical scheme, the first battery pack is charged firstly, and the heat released by the first battery pack in the charging process can be used for heating the second battery pack, so that the use environment and the use condition of the second battery pack are optimized.
Preferably, the battery pack assembly further comprises a battery preheating device, the first battery pack being closer to the preheating device than the second battery pack; the slow charging strategy also comprises the steps of starting the preheating device to preheat the first battery pack when a second low-temperature condition is met, then charging the first battery pack, and finally charging the second battery pack; the second low temperature condition is lower than the conditioned temperature of the first low temperature condition.
Preferably, the first battery pack is arranged around the battery preheating device, and the second battery pack is arranged around the first battery pack.
Preferably, the battery preheating device is arranged around the first battery pack, and the first battery pack is arranged around the second battery pack.
Preferably, the battery pack assembly further includes a thermally conductive silicone gel disposed between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.
The utility model provides an electric automobile's charging system which characterized in that: and carrying out slow charging by adopting the charging method of any one of the above.
The utility model provides an electric automobile's charging system which characterized in that: adopt the charging system of any one of the above-mentioned.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the battery pack assembly is divided into the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and heat released by charging of one part of battery packs is used for heating the other part of battery packs, so that the charging time is saved, and the charging efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a battery charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that the conventional terms should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the relevant art and this disclosure. The present disclosure is to be considered as an example of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments.
A charging system of an electric vehicle comprises a battery pack assembly and a battery management system. The battery pack assembly comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack, and each battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells. The first battery pack and the second battery pack may be the same type of battery or two different types of batteries, but it is necessary to ensure that the types of batteries in the respective battery packs are the same. For example, the first battery pack and the second battery pack may respectively adopt batteries with different minimum operating temperatures or different ideal operating temperature ranges, the minimum charging temperature t1 of the first battery pack is lower than the minimum charging temperature t2 of the second battery pack, or the lowest value Tl1 of the ideal charging temperature range of the first battery pack is lower than the lowest value Tl2 of the ideal charging temperature range of the second battery pack, so that the first battery pack can operate at lower ambient temperatures.
The battery management system can acquire the ambient temperature and the state parameters of each battery pack in the battery assembly, and when the battery is charged slowly, the battery management system controls the slow charging process of the battery pack assembly according to a slow charging strategy. The slow charge strategy includes charging the first battery pack prior to charging the second battery pack when a first low temperature condition is met. The first low temperature condition means: the ambient temperature of the battery assembly is lower than the lowest charging temperature t2 of the second battery pack or the lowest value Tl2 of the ideal charging temperature range of the second battery pack, and the battery assembly operating ambient temperature is higher than the lowest charging temperature t1 of the first battery pack or the lowest value Tl1 of the ideal charging temperature range of the first battery pack. Thus, when the second battery pack cannot be charged or the charging condition is not good, the battery management system can control to charge only the first battery pack which is still in the ideal charging temperature range or can still be charged. Preferably, the arrangement and the placement of the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be reasonably arranged so as to transfer heat released in the charging process of the first battery pack to the second battery pack. For example, for a battery assembly with a small size and a small number of battery packs, a first battery pack with a small number may be disposed inside the whole battery assembly near the center, a second battery pack with a large number may be disposed around the first battery pack, and a conductive silica gel may be disposed between the first battery pack and the adjacent second battery pack, through which heat released by charging the first battery pack is conducted to the second battery pack. For the battery pack assembly with large volume and small battery pack quantity, the second battery packs with more quantity can be arranged at the position close to the center inside the whole battery pack assembly, the second battery packs with less quantity are distributed around the first battery pack, conductive silica gel is arranged between the first battery pack and the adjacent second battery pack, and heat released by charging of the first battery pack is conducted to the second battery pack through the conductive silica gel. Therefore, the whole battery pack assembly can have better working performance under low temperature conditions by sequentially charging the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and even a preheating device is not needed. The time difference between the time when the first battery pack and the second battery pack start to be charged can be a system preset value, and can also be determined by the battery management system according to the detected ambient temperature value of the second battery pack. For example, charging of the second battery pack is initiated when the battery management system detects that the ambient temperature of the second battery pack is greater than the lowest charging temperature of the second battery pack or the lowest value of the ideal charging temperature range.
In another embodiment, the battery pack assembly of the electric vehicle charging system further comprises a battery preheating device, and the first battery pack is closer to the battery preheating device than the second battery pack. For the battery pack assembly with small volume and small battery pack quantity, the battery preheating device can be arranged at the position close to the center inside the whole battery pack assembly, the first battery pack with small quantity is distributed around the preheating device, the second battery pack with large quantity is distributed around the first battery pack, conductive silica gel is arranged between the first battery pack and the adjacent second battery pack, and heat released by charging of the first battery pack is conducted to the second battery pack through the conductive silica gel. For the battery pack assembly with large volume and small battery pack quantity, the second battery packs with large quantity can be arranged at the position close to the center in the whole battery pack assembly, the first battery packs with small quantity are distributed around the second battery packs, the preheating device is arranged outside the first battery packs, conductive silica gel is arranged between the first battery packs and the adjacent second battery packs, and heat released by charging of the first battery packs is conducted to the second battery packs through the conductive silica gel. The battery preheating device can be a PTC heating device, and the hot air is guided to the first battery pack through devices such as a fan blowing towards the first battery pack, and the battery preheating device can also be a heating device such as a thermal resistor, and conductive silica gel can be arranged between the thermal resistor and the first battery pack for heat conduction. Correspondingly, the slow charging strategy also comprises the steps of starting the battery preheating device to preheat the first battery pack when the second low-temperature condition is met, then charging the first battery pack, and finally charging the second battery pack. The temperature in the second low temperature condition should be lower than the temperature in the first low temperature condition, specifically: the ambient temperature of the battery pack assembly is lower than the lowest charging temperature t1 of the first battery pack or the lowest value Tl of the ideal charging temperature range of the first battery pack. Therefore, when the first battery pack cannot be charged or the charging condition is not good, the battery management system can control the battery preheating device to preheat the first battery pack which is still in a non-ideal charging temperature range or cannot be charged. Charging of the first battery pack is started when the system is warmed up for a specified time or a specified condition is reached (for example, the specified condition may be that the battery management system detects that the ambient temperature of the first battery pack is higher than the lowest charging temperature of the first battery pack or the lowest value of an ideal charging temperature range), and charging of the second battery pack is started as the first battery pack is charged for the specified time or the specified condition is reached (for example, the specified condition may be that the battery management system detects that the ambient temperature of the second battery pack is higher than the lowest charging temperature of the second battery pack or the lowest value of the ideal charging temperature range). Thus, after the first battery packs are heated by the battery preheating device, the first battery packs are charged, and then the second battery packs are charged. The second battery pack is heated by utilizing the heat generated in the charging process of the first battery pack, so that the preheating time of the battery preheating device can be saved, and the charging efficiency and the heat utilization rate are improved. So that the entire battery pack assembly can have a better operation performance under a low temperature condition.
The circuit diagram of the electric vehicle charging system is shown in fig. 1, a first battery pack and a second battery pack are connected in parallel, a relay K1 is arranged on a branch circuit where the first battery pack is located, a relay K2 is arranged on a branch circuit where the second battery pack is located, and the battery management system controls the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be charged by controlling the relay K1 and the relay K2. The peripheral circuitry of the battery pack assembly and the electrical connections to the battery preheating device may be implemented using conventional prior art designs in fig. 1.
On the premise of meeting the slow charging condition of the electric automobile, the battery management system firstly requests the vehicle-mounted charger to heat, the output power of the additional request vehicle-mounted charger is the rated power of the battery preheating device, when the output voltage fed back by the vehicle-mounted charger is close to the rated voltage of the battery preheating device, the battery management system controls the attraction heating loop, namely the relay K3 and the relay K4, to form a high-voltage loop of the battery preheating device so as to start the battery preheating device to provide heat for a battery pack assembly (mainly a first battery pack closest to the battery preheating device), so that the battery cell works in the normal charging condition. The specific operation process of preheating the battery preheating device comprises the following steps:
1. the electric automobile is inserted into the slow charging gun under the non-KL 15 power mode
(1) After the slow charging gun is detected to be inserted, the battery management system is awakened, the vehicle-mounted charger is awakened when CC and CP are detected to be effective, the vehicle-mounted charger is requested to be heated, the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger is additionally requested to be the rated power of the battery preheating device, for example, the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is requested to be the rated voltage of the battery preheating device (for example, the rated voltage 352V of a PTC heater), and the output current of the vehicle-mounted charger is requested to be 8A (the maximum current required by the starting of the PTC heater) so as to guarantee the normal output of the vehicle-mounted charger.
(2) And when the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger reaches 352V +/-2V, the vehicle controller is awakened.
(3) The vehicle control unit issues a high-voltage instruction, and after the battery management system executes the pre-charging operation of the main-negative-off condition, the relay K4 is attracted.
(4) The vehicle-mounted charger outputs the battery to be preheated normally.
2. Under the KL15 power mode of electric automobile, insert and fill rifle slowly
(1) And after the slow charging gun is detected to be inserted, all relays are disconnected when the battery management system detects CC and the CP is effective.
(2) The method includes the steps of waking up the vehicle-mounted charger, requesting the vehicle-mounted charger to heat, additionally requesting the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger to be the rated power of the battery preheating device, for example, requesting the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger to be the rated voltage of the battery preheating device (for example, the rated voltage 352V of a PTC heater), and requesting the output current of the vehicle-mounted charger to be 8A (the maximum current required by the starting of the PTC heater) to ensure the normal output of the vehicle-mounted charger.
(3) And when the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger reaches 352V +/-2V, normally responding to a high-voltage instruction.
(4) And the vehicle control unit sends a high-voltage instruction, and the battery management system actuates a relay K4 after performing the pre-charging operation of the main-negative-off condition.
(5) And (4) normally outputting by the vehicle-mounted charger, and starting heating by the battery preheating device.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described, various changes or modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A charging system of an electric automobile comprises a battery pack assembly and a battery management system, wherein the battery pack assembly comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack; the battery management system is used for controlling a slow charging process of the battery pack assembly according to a slow charging strategy; the method is characterized in that:
the slow charging strategy comprises the steps of firstly charging the first battery pack and then charging the second battery pack when a first low-temperature condition is met;
the battery pack assembly further comprises a battery preheating device, and the first battery pack is closer to the battery preheating device than the second battery pack;
the slow charging strategy also comprises the steps of starting the battery preheating device to preheat the first battery pack when a second low-temperature condition is met, then charging the first battery pack, and finally charging the second battery pack;
the second cryogenic condition is lower than the conditioned temperature of the first cryogenic condition;
the battery preheating device is arranged around the first battery pack, and the first battery pack is arranged around the second battery pack; the battery management system firstly requests the vehicle-mounted charger to heat, additionally requests the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger to be the rated power of the battery preheating device, and when the output voltage fed back by the vehicle-mounted charger is close to the rated voltage of the battery preheating device, the battery management system controls the attraction heating loop to form a high-voltage loop of the battery preheating device so as to start the battery preheating device to provide heat for the battery pack assembly, so that the battery cell works in a normal charging condition.
2. The charging system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein:
the battery pack assembly further comprises heat-conducting silica gel arranged between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.
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| CN201910757817.6A CN110509786B (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Electric automobile charging method, charging system and electric automobile |
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| CN201910757817.6A CN110509786B (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Electric automobile charging method, charging system and electric automobile |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102473982A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2012-05-23 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Lithium-ion secondary battery system and battery pack |
| CN107453008A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-08 | 汽-大众汽车有限公司 | A kind of pure electric vehicle battery bag heating system and its control method |
| DE112017003320T5 (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2019-03-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Accumulator cooling control device and accumulator cooling control method |
| CN110021794A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2019-07-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Electric vehicle and its battery pack system, the method to charge to battery pack system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11043823B2 (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2021-06-22 | Tesla, Inc. | System and method for facilitating conditioning and testing of rechargeable battery cells |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102473982A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2012-05-23 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Lithium-ion secondary battery system and battery pack |
| DE112017003320T5 (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2019-03-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Accumulator cooling control device and accumulator cooling control method |
| CN107453008A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-08 | 汽-大众汽车有限公司 | A kind of pure electric vehicle battery bag heating system and its control method |
| CN110021794A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2019-07-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Electric vehicle and its battery pack system, the method to charge to battery pack system |
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