CN110509525B - Gap-adjustable, exhaustible and mixing conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device - Google Patents

Gap-adjustable, exhaustible and mixing conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110509525B
CN110509525B CN201910732958.2A CN201910732958A CN110509525B CN 110509525 B CN110509525 B CN 110509525B CN 201910732958 A CN201910732958 A CN 201910732958A CN 110509525 B CN110509525 B CN 110509525B
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China
Prior art keywords
conical
screw
gap
extrusion
screws
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CN201910732958.2A
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CN110509525A (en
Inventor
史春彦
刘强
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BEIJING HUATENGJIAHE WINTEC, Ltd.
LANGFANG HUATENG JIAHE EXTRUSION MACHINE MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd.
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BEIJING HUATENGJIAHE WINTEC Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/484—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with two shafts provided with screws, e.g. one screw being shorter than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/41—Intermeshing counter-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/52—Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
    • B29C48/525—Conical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/763—Vent constructions, e.g. venting means avoiding melt escape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device with adjustable gap, capability of exhausting and mixing, which comprises a front extrusion device for generating melt fluid, an extrusion pressurizing device, a forming die, a power system and a transmission case, wherein the front extrusion device is used for extruding the melt fluid; the front extrusion device is used for conveying molten fluid to be pressurized into the extrusion pressurizing device, the forming die is arranged at a discharge port at the tail end of the extrusion pressurizing device, and the molten fluid to be pressurized is pressurized and mixed by the extrusion pressurizing device and then is conveyed into the forming die; the power system is used for providing power for the extrusion pressurizing device; two conical screws are arranged in a machine barrel of the extrusion pressurizing device, and the sizes of gaps between the screws and the machine barrel are adjusted according to the characteristic requirements of conveyed raw materials by controlling the relative positions of the conical screws and the machine barrel, so that different requirements of different raw materials on gaps of the extrusion pressurizing device are met; the machine can adapt to various different use conditions through assembly, and has the advantages of low device cost, long service life and convenient maintenance.

Description

Gap-adjustable, exhaustible and mixing conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extrusion forming equipment, in particular to a conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device with adjustable gaps, capability of exhausting and mixing.
Background
The liquid, viscous fluid or melt of the previous process is extruded to produce the required product, and the previous production mode is that a screw of an extrusion device is provided with different functional sections, such as solid material compression, melting, air exhaust, pressurization, mixing extrusion and the like. Because the speed of each functional section on a screw rod is the same, can not satisfy the different operating mode demands of different sections simultaneously, can't fine adjustment when each section mismatch situation appears, cause the unstability of extrusion speed and pressure, influence the quality of product. For example, the fluctuation in extrusion when the single-screw extruder and the twin-screw extruder directly extrude the product causes the longitudinal thickness of the product to fluctuate depending on the fluctuation in extrusion pressure.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an extruder tandem gear pump extrusion molding device in the industry, wherein independent driving devices of a front plasticizing mixing device and a rear gear pump pressurizing device are connected in series, and the stability of extrusion is achieved through pressure feedback control between the front device and the rear device, so that the continuous stability of extrusion molding is realized. With the continuous development of society and technology, new requirements are made on the performance and quality of products, such as the blockage and failure of gear pumps caused by the extrusion molding of long and short glass fibers and carbon fiber reinforced plastics. Therefore, a molding method using a screw pressing system which is less likely to cause clogging has appeared.
In the screw pressurizing system, the length of an extruding screw is divided into two parts according to functional sections, a melting section of a front section and a pressurizing section of a rear section are divided into two extruding systems which are connected in series, the front section is a melting and plasticizing initial extruder, the rear section is a pressurizing extruder device (equivalent to a pressurizing pump) for pressurizing and extruding, and the matching of the extruding amounts of the two extruders is controlled by adjusting and controlling the pressure between the two extruders, so that the effect of stable extruding is achieved.
The extrusion pressurizing device has the disadvantages that the screw and the machine barrel are straight, the screw pressurizing device has the advantage of being not easy to block and clamp compared with a gear pump when extruding fiber reinforced plastics, but the phenomenon that the material is clamped in the gap of equipment easily to increase the gap abrasion of the screw machine barrel to cause poor extrusion effect is still caused, and the device cannot be adjusted and adapted particularly under the working conditions of different proportions and lengths of the filler. The problem to be solved is how to prolong the service life of the pump as long as possible under the condition of the same wear-resistant material.
Different screw to screw, screw to barrel clearances are required for different fillers. The normal use that equipment was prolonged to the clearance that needs to reduce after screw rod barrel wearing and tearing caused the clearance increase, and the clearance of parallel screw rod is difficult to adjust and restores, can only change screw rod or quick-witted barrel and solve, also user's that increases repair cost and the degree of difficulty of reply adjustment.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to adjust and repair the gap between the screw and the cylinder as quickly as possible at an extremely low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a conical twin-screw melt fluid pressurizing device with adjustable gap, air exhaust and mixing functions, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, can realize the fine adjustment of the gap between a screw and a machine barrel on the premise of low cost, meets different requirements of different raw materials on the gap of a pressurizing and extruding device, and can adjust the gap between the screw and the machine barrel by moving the relative positions of the screw and the machine barrel after the gap is increased due to the abrasion of the machine barrel. The screw machine barrel can be continuously used through simple mechanical grinding when the screw machine barrel is abraded unevenly, so that the normal service life of equipment is prolonged, the repairing operation is simple, and the disposal cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device with adjustable gap, capability of exhausting and mixing, which comprises a front extrusion device for generating melt fluid, an extrusion pressurizing device, a forming die, a power system and a transmission case, wherein the front extrusion device is used for extruding the melt fluid; the front extrusion device is used for conveying molten fluid to be pressurized into the extrusion pressurizing device, the forming die is arranged at a discharge port at the tail end of the extrusion pressurizing device, and the molten fluid to be pressurized is conveyed into the forming die after being pressurized and mixed by the extrusion pressurizing device; the power system is used for providing power for the extrusion pressurizing device;
the extrusion pressurizing device comprises a machine barrel and two conical screws longitudinally penetrating through the interior of the machine barrel, wherein the rod body is provided with threads, and the conical screws can be divided into a compression exhaust section, a metering pressurizing section and a mixing section along the material conveying direction; a feeding port, an exhaust port and a pressure sensor A are also arranged on the machine barrel corresponding to the compression exhaust section;
the transmission case is arranged between the power system and the machine barrel, an adjusting gasket group A is arranged between the machine barrel and the end face connected with the transmission case, and the longitudinal displacement of the machine barrel relative to the two conical screws can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting gasket group A, so that the gap between the inner wall of the machine barrel and the two conical screws is adjusted;
a spline connector is arranged in the transmission case, and the two conical screws are respectively connected with a power output shaft of the power system through the spline connector; an adjusting gasket group B is arranged between the two conical screws and the power output shaft opposite to the conical screws, and the longitudinal displacement of the two conical screws relative to the machine barrel is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting gasket group B, so that the gap between the two conical screws and the inner wall of the machine barrel and the gap between the two conical screws are adjusted.
Preferably, the power system comprises a driving box and a torque distribution box, wherein the driving box and the torque distribution box are internally provided with a motor and a gearbox, and a power output shaft connected with the motor is transmitted to another power output shaft by the torque distribution box.
Preferably, the thermal circulation system further comprises an internal thermal oil circulation system of the conical screw, the thermal oil circulation system of the machine barrel and a thermal oil circulation supply device for supplying thermal oil to the thermal oil circulation system, the exterior of the tail end of the driving box and the exterior of the tail end of the torque distribution box are respectively provided with a rotary joint, the two rotary joints are respectively communicated with the internal channels of the two power output shafts, and the thermal oil circulation supply device conveys the thermal oil into the internal thermal oil circulation systems of the two conical screws through the internal channels of the two power output shafts through the rotary joints.
Preferably, the axis of the front extrusion device is perpendicular to the axis of the extrusion pressurizing device, and a pressure sensor B is further arranged at the discharge port of the front extrusion device.
Preferably, a confluence core is further arranged at the outlet of the extrusion pressurizing device, conical threads are arranged on the conical tips of the two conical screws, and the conical threads can scrape the retained materials on the semi-conical cambered surface of the inner wall of the confluence core; the junction of the confluence core and the machine barrel is provided with a sealing gasket, and the thickness of the sealing gasket can be adjusted to adjust the conical tip screw edge of the conical screw and the scraping gap of the confluence core.
Preferably, the screw ridge gap and the screw bottom gap of the conical screw of the compression exhaust section and the mixing and kneading section are larger than those of the conical screw of the metering and pressurizing section, and the screw ridges of the conical screw of the compression exhaust section and the mixing and kneading section are respectively provided with a mixing exhaust groove and a mixing groove.
Preferably, two conical screws are arranged in a horizontal or vertical arrangement in the machine barrel; the number of the thread heads of the two conical screws is single-head threads or double-head threads or triple-head threads; the screw tooth shapes of the two conical screws are symmetrical or asymmetrical trapezoids, and the normal section internal inclination angle (also called a screw ridge tooth shape angle) is 1-25 degrees; the length-diameter ratio of the two conical screws is 5.2-8; the ratio of the rod outer diameters of the two conical screws to the screw bottom diameters ranges from 1.5 to 3, and is preferably 2; the compression ratio of the two conical screws is 1:1 to 1:2, preferably 1:1.1 to 1: 1.5.
Preferably, the adjustment range of the gap between the two conical screws and the inner wall of the machine barrel is 0.1-2.5 mm.
Preferably, the spline connector includes a cylindrical sleeve internal gear sleeve type spline connector, a reducing internal gear sleeve type spline connector, and an internal and external gear sleeve type spline connector.
Preferably, wear-resistant alloy materials are sprayed or embedded on the screw edges of the two conical screws and the inner wall of the machine barrel; and anti-sticking coating materials are coated in the grooves of the two conical screws and on the surface layers of the inner walls of the confluence cores.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device capable of adjusting gaps, exhausting and mixing, provided by the invention, is used for controlling the temperature, exhausting, pressurizing, mixing and extruding the liquid, viscous fluid or melt in the previous process to manufacture a required product. The product can be liquid (such as beverage, etc.), viscous (such as chocolate, glue, etc.), soft or hard solid (such as plastic product, etc.); the article may be a mixture of different materials, such as different additives, different raw materials, different fibrous reinforcing materials, recycled raw materials, and the like. According to the material processing requirement, equipment can be adjusted to set different rotating speeds, different temperatures, different equipment gaps and different pressures for extrusion to obtain appropriate process combination conditions so as to produce a required product; by utilizing the pumping principle of the counter-rotating double screws and the convenient adjustability of the gap between the screw and the machine barrel of the conical counter-rotating double screw device, the size of the gap between the screw and the gap between the screw and the machine barrel can be adjusted according to the characteristic requirements of the conveyed raw materials, and the different requirements of different raw materials on the gap of the pressurizing and extruding device are met. The conical double screw rod can easily realize the adjustment of the gap between the screw rod and the machine barrel through the adjustment of the relative position relationship of the screw rod and the machine barrel; the clearance between the screw and the machine barrel can be conveniently adjusted through the longitudinal movement adjustment of the machine barrel relative to the screw, and the superposition combination of the two adjusting methods enables the conical counter-rotating double-screw device to conveniently realize various clearance adjusting schemes with different requirements; on the premise of low cost, the adjusting problem of the clearance between the screw and the machine barrel is solved, the machine can adapt to various different use working conditions through assembly, and the device cost is greatly reduced.
2. The gap-adjustable, air-dischargeable and mixing conical twin-screw melt fluid pressurizing device provided by the invention adopts a conical counter-rotating twin-screw structure, and after the clearance is increased due to the abrasion of the cylinder, because the extrusion screw is a conical screw, the clearance between the screw and the cylinder can be adjusted by moving the relative positions of the screw and the cylinder, so that the clearance value before abrasion is recovered, the normal service life of equipment is further prolonged, and the cost of the device is reduced.
1. The gap-adjustable, air-dischargeable and mixing conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device provided by the invention adopts a conical counter double-screw structure, and the cantilever strength of the conical counter double-screw is higher than that of a parallel double-screw; the conical counter-rotating twin screws can achieve higher compression ratio and higher strength than the parallel twin screws; the conical counter-rotating double-screw pressurizing device has a strong compression and exhaust function, and the pressure sensor A in front of the exhaust port can perform feedback control to ensure that the fullness of materials in the machine barrel cannot interfere with and block the exhaust port; the conical counter-rotating double-screw pressurizing device can have larger outlet space of the screw cooling runner, greatly improve the temperature control capability of the screw and improve the quality of an extruded material.
2. The invention provides a conical twin-screw melt fluid pressurizing device with adjustable gaps, capability of exhausting and mixing, which has the special design of a compression exhaust section and a mixing and mixing section, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: the overflow port is arranged on the screw ridge, and the screw groove gap (the screw ridge side gap and the screw groove bottom gap) is enlarged, so that the problem that the limiting rotating speed is improved due to overlarge inherent lateral force of the counter-rotating double screws is greatly relieved, and the rotating speed of the screws can be greatly improved.
3. The gap-adjustable, air-dischargeable and mixing conical twin-screw melt fluid pressurizing device provided by the invention adopts conical counter-rotating twin-screws, and the diameter of the conical counter-rotating twin-screws is changed along with the length of a single-fulcrum cantilever, so that the bending deformation resistance of the conical counter-rotating twin-screw melt fluid pressurizing device is greatly enhanced compared with that of parallel twin-screws. The bending degree of the screw rod of the counter-rotating double-screw extruder, which is easily caused by the lateral force, is greatly reduced, so that the mechanical abrasion to the machine barrel is also greatly reduced. Therefore, the depth of the screw groove can be greatly improved, and the extrusion capacity of the screw is enhanced. Can greatly improve the service life and the effect of the screw machine barrel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system layout of an adjustable gap, exhaust, and compounding tapered twin screw melt pressure device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a gap-adjustable, ventable, and millable conical twin-screw melt pressing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a vertical half sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the power output shaft and the conical screw rod connected by a spline connector according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a small gap between a conical screw and a cylinder in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a large gap between a conical screw and a cylinder in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an assembly structure of a confluence core and a cylinder in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of two conical screws of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a front extrusion device, 2-an extrusion pressurizing device, 3-a forming die, 4-a driving box, 5-a torque distribution box, 6-a transmission box, 7-an exhaust port, 8-a pressure sensor A, 9-a rotary joint and 10-a feeding port;
11-a cylinder, 12-a conical screw, 13-an adjusting gasket group A, 14-a spline connector, 15-a power output shaft, 16-an adjusting gasket group B, 17-a pressure sensor B, 18-a cylindrical sleeve internal gear sleeve type spline connector, 19-a reducing internal gear sleeve type spline connector and 20-an internal and external gear sleeve type spline connector;
21-interflow core, 22-conical tip of conical screw, 23-gap between conical tip screw edge of conical screw and interflow core inner wall; 24-a sealing gasket;
31-small gap, 32-large gap;
41-mixed exhaust tank and 42-mixed tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a conical twin-screw melt pressurizing device which is adjustable in gap, capable of exhausting and mixing, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a tapered double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device with adjustable gap, capability of exhausting and mixing, as shown in figures 1 and 2, comprising a front extrusion device 1 for generating melt fluid, an extrusion pressurizing device 2, a forming die 3, a power system and a transmission case 6; the front extrusion device 1 is used for conveying molten fluid to be pressurized into the extrusion pressurizing device 2, the forming die 3 is arranged at a discharge port at the tail end of the extrusion pressurizing device 2, and the molten fluid to be pressurized is conveyed into the forming die 3 by the extrusion pressurizing device 2 after being pressurized and mixed; the power system is used for providing power for the extrusion pressurizing device 2; the power system comprises a driving box 4 and a torque distribution box 5, wherein a motor and a gearbox are arranged in the driving box, and a power output shaft 15 connected with the motor is transmitted to another power output shaft 15 by the torque distribution box 5.
The extrusion pressurizing device 2 comprises a machine barrel 11 and two conical screws 12 longitudinally penetrating through the interior of the machine barrel 11, wherein the rod body is provided with threads, and the conical screws 12 can be divided into a compression exhaust section, a metering pressurizing section and a mixing section along the material conveying direction; the screw ridge gap and the screw bottom gap of the conical screw of the compression exhaust section and the mixing section are larger than those of the conical screw of the metering pressurization section, as shown in fig. 8, the screw ridges of the conical screws of the compression exhaust section and the mixing section are respectively provided with a mixing exhaust groove 41 and a mixing groove 42, the screw ridge grooving of the compression exhaust section is used for exhausting and mixing, and the grooving on the screw ridge of the mixing section is used for mixing and mixing the molten materials. The screw edges of the metering and pressurizing section are not grooved, and the screw edge gaps are small, so that the C-shaped chamber is better in tightness, and higher extrusion pressure can be established; the diameter of the conical screw is reduced, the groove bottom of the compression and exhaust section is deeper, and the overflow port jointly forms and increases the compression ratio of the section, and the compression ratio and the vacuum pump exhaust device jointly act to enable the section to have a good compression and exhaust effect. The compression ratio of the screw is between 1:1 and 1:2, preferably between 1:1.1 and 1: 1.5; in the mixing and kneading section after the metering and pressurizing section, the deepening of the groove bottom and the existence of an overflow port reduce the compression ratio of the section, and the compression ratio of the section relative to the metering and pressurizing section is designed to be about 1:1, namely the section is basically not compressed relative to the metering and pressurizing section. The design that the screw grooves at the two ends of the screw are deep enables the communication of materials at the two sides of the screw in the shape of a Chinese character '8' to be greatly improved, the mixing effect is improved, the problem that the lateral force of the counter-rotating double screws is too large is solved, the abrasion condition of the screw is greatly relieved, and conditions are created for accelerating the speed of the screw of the pressurizing device.
A feeding port 10, an exhaust port 7 and a pressure sensor A8 are also arranged on the machine barrel 11 corresponding to the compression exhaust section; the feeding port 10 is connected with the front-channel extrusion device 1, and a pressure sensor B17 is also arranged at the discharge port of the front-channel extrusion device 1 and used for monitoring the pressure to control the feeding amount of the front-channel extrusion device 1; the raw material is connected with an exhaust port 7 through a vacuum pump, and gas and volatile matters contained in the raw material are extracted; the pressure sensor A8 is used for monitoring the pressure, when the pressure rises, the material position in the machine barrel 11 is close to the vent 7, the feeding amount of the extrusion pressurizing device 2 by the front extrusion device 1 is reduced according to the setting, the material line is moved forward, and the flash blockage of the vent 7 is prevented; when the pressure is too small, the feeding amount of the inlet of the extrusion pressurizing device 2 is insufficient, the feeding amount of the front extrusion device 1 is increased, the material position moves backwards, and automatic matching control is achieved.
The transmission case 6 is arranged between the torque distribution case 5 and the cylinder 11, as shown in fig. 3, an adjusting shim group a13 is arranged between the end surfaces of the cylinder 11 connected with the transmission case 6, and the longitudinal displacement of the cylinder 11 relative to the two conical screws 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting shim group a13, so as to adjust the gap between the inner wall of the cylinder 11 and the two conical screws 12; a spline connector 14 is arranged in the transmission case 6, and the two conical screw rods 12 are respectively connected with a power output shaft 15 of the power system through the spline connector 14; the spline connector 14 includes a cylindrical sleeve internal gear sleeve type spline connector 18, a reducing internal gear sleeve type spline connector 19, and an internal and external gear sleeve type spline connector 20. Wherein, the connecting end of the cylindrical sleeve internal tooth cylindrical spline connector 18 and the power output shaft 15 is the same as the connecting end of the conical screw 12, and the spline connector 14 in fig. 4 is the cylindrical sleeve internal tooth cylindrical spline connector 18; when the diameter of the conical screw 12 is larger, a reducing inner gear sleeve type spline connector 19 with different diameters and different gear numbers at two ends is adopted, and the spline connector 14 in fig. 6 is the reducing inner gear sleeve type spline connector 19; when the required tail diameter of conical screw 12 is great, then the tail that adopts conical screw 12 sets up to the structure of internal spline housing, and spline connector 14 then adopts one end for the spline housing and the other end for the internal and external tooth cover type spline connector 20 of integral key shaft, spline connector 14 in figure 5 is internal and external tooth cover type spline connector 20 promptly, and the hole of conical screw 12 afterbody can be done bigger this moment, and the cooling piping installation of being convenient for can have great business turn over space passageway.
An adjusting shim group B16 is arranged between the two conical screws 12 and the power output shaft 15 opposite to the conical screws, and the longitudinal displacement of the two conical screws 12 relative to the cylinder 11 is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting shim group B16, so that the gap between the two conical screws 12 and the inner wall of the cylinder 11 and the gap between the two conical screws 12 are adjusted.
In the present invention, the clearance between the conical screw 12 and the cylinder 11 is, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the clearance between the outermost edge of the screw flight of the conical screw 12 and the inner wall of the cylinder 11. According to the invention, through the movement adjustment of the conical screw 12 along the axis of the power output shaft 15 and the movement adjustment of the machine barrel 11 along the axis of the whole machine barrel 11, the clearance and the position between the conical screw 12 and the machine barrel 11 can realize various position matching relations; specifically, the gap between the conical screw 12 and the inner wall of the cylinder 11 in the invention is adjusted within the range of 0.1-2.5 mm; during operation, the size of the gaps between the conical screw 12 and the other conical screw 12 and between the conical screw 12 and the machine barrel 11 is adjusted according to the characteristic requirements of the conveyed raw materials, so that different requirements of different raw materials on the gap of the pressurizing and extruding device are met:
scheme one, the minimum clearance. According to the requirement of extruding low-viscosity materials, the fluidity of the materials is good, and a small gap is needed to achieve a good C-shaped chamber sealing effect, a screw barrel with a small gap is selected to be matched to establish the pressure meeting the extrusion requirement, at the moment, the gap between a conical screw and the barrel 11 is reduced as much as possible, and the conical screw 12 is close to the outlet end of the barrel 11 to form a small sealing gap between the screw and the barrel 11 (see figure 5). At this time, fine adjustment of the longitudinal position of the conical screw 12 and the cylinder 11 allows fine adjustment of the screw-cylinder gap. The small gap 31 can be as small as 0.1mm when processing low viscosity materials.
Scheme two, larger gap (see fig. 6). When extruding polymers added with fillers, such as glass fiber or carbon fiber, the design of the gap between the conical screw 12 and the cylinder 11 needs to be enlarged so as to prevent fibrous fillers from being clamped at the gap between the screw and the gap between the screw and the cylinder 11 to influence the normal operation of equipment or prevent the fibers from being cut and crushed by force to reduce the strength effect of filling. The gap is enlarged to meet the working condition of the filling material of the matching belt. In the large gap scheme, the conical screw 12 is moved away from the outlet end of the barrel 11, the gap between the conical screw 12 and another conical screw 12 and the gap between the conical screw 12 and the barrel 11 are increased, and the maximum large gap 32 can reach 2.5 mm. The large gap adjustment is realized by selecting screw barrels with different scheme parameters, and on the basis, the gap of the screw barrels is finely adjusted by adjusting the thicknesses of the shim group A13 and the shim group B16.
In the invention, two conical screws 12 are arranged horizontally or vertically in a machine barrel 11, a pressurizing device with two conical screws 12 arranged side by side is shown in figures 2 and 3, the axis of the upper conical screw 12 and the axis of a gearbox driving the screws are horizontally arranged, the lower conical screw 12 and the axis of the upper conical screw 12 are in the same vertical plane and form an included angle, the included angle is 2.1-8 degrees, the common angle is 4-6 degrees, and the included angle is related to the compression ratio of the screws and the required air displacement.
In the invention, the number of the thread heads of the two conical screws 12 is single-end thread, double-end thread or triple-end thread; the length-diameter ratio of the two conical screws 12 is 5.2-8.
The groove depth of the screws of the conical screw pressurizing device is measured by the groove depth of the middle part of the metering pressurizing section, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the screws of the two conical screws to the bottom diameter of the screws ranges from 1.5 to 3, preferably 2.
In the present invention, the screw teeth of the two conical screws 12 are trapezoidal, and the normal section inclination angle (also referred to as a thread form angle) thereof is 1 to 25 °. When the glass fiber and carbon fiber filling materials are processed, a larger angle is selected as much as possible. When the clearance between the conical screw 12 and the machine barrel 11 needs to be enlarged for processing and filling glass fibers and carbon fibers, the side clearance of the thread is correspondingly increased, the increase amplitude is in direct proportion to the size of the inner inclination angle (also called the thread form angle) of the normal section, and the larger the thread form angle is, the larger the thread form gap is, the larger the thread form angle is, the larger the thread form gap is. The increase in the side gap reduces the situation in which the added fibers are sheared.
The invention also comprises a heat circulation system, the heat circulation system comprises an internal hot oil circulation system of the conical screw 12, a hot oil circulation system of the machine barrel 11 and a hot oil circulation supply device (not shown in the figure) for supplying hot oil to the hot oil circulation system, the outer part of the tail end of the driving box 4 and the outer part of the tail end of the torque distribution box 5 are respectively provided with a rotary joint 9, the two rotary joints 9 are respectively communicated with the internal channels of the two power output shafts 15, and the hot oil circulation supply device conveys the hot oil into the internal hot oil circulation systems of the two conical screws 12 through the internal channels of the two power output shafts 15 through the rotary joints; the conical screw 12 generates large friction heat when pressurizing the molten fluid, and if the molten fluid is discharged in time, the molten fluid is decomposed due to overheating, especially for heat-sensitive materials; hot oil circulating systems are arranged in the conical screw 12 and the machine barrel 11, and the temperature can be accurately controlled by heating and cooling the circulating liquid. For the non-heat-sensitive material, other cooling methods with lower cost such as an electric heating method, cooling coil cooling, air cooling, and the like may be used for the cylinder 11. The mode of installing the rotary joint 9 at the tail end of the whole device is adopted, and then the installation position of the rotary joint does not need to be reserved on the axial surface of the conical screw 12, so that the outer diameter of the root part of the conical screw 12 is enlarged to form a larger space, and the space of a screw cooling channel is ensured. The capacity of the screw for transmitting the torque is greatly improved. The effect and the service life of the rotary joint 9 which can adopt the end head mounting mode are greatly improved compared with the sleeve type rotary joint (for how to arrange a hot oil circulating system in the conical screw 12 and the machine barrel 11, the method is a conventional technical means, and the invention is not described in detail again).
In the invention, the extrusion pressurizing device 2 can receive the melt fluid fed by the front extrusion device 1 by adopting an open free falling body feeding mode, and can also be connected and fed in a closed mode through a pipeline. The sealing mode comprises two modes of feeding the material into the pressurizing device from a feeding port on the upper surface and feeding the material into the pressurizing device from a feeding port on the side surface. In the mode of feeding the pressurizing device from the side, the axis of the front extruding device 1 is vertical to the axis of the extruding pressurizing device 2, the front extruding device 1 and the extruding pressurizing device 2 are vertically arranged, and are butted in the shortest path, so that the thermal decomposition possibility of the material is reduced as much as possible.
As shown in fig. 7, a confluence core 21 is further arranged at the outlet of the extrusion pressurizing device 2, conical threads are arranged on the conical tips 22 of the two conical screws, and can scrape the retained materials on the semi-conical arc surface of the inner wall of the confluence core 21, so as to forcibly push the materials on the conical cylinder wall to move ceaselessly, and prevent the materials from being adhered to the conical wall surface of the confluence core 21, slowing flow and being retained to cause decomposition; a gasket 24 is provided at the joint between the merging core 21 and the cylinder 11, and the size of the scraping gap between the flight of the tapered tip 22 of the conical screw and the merging core 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the gasket 24. During the adjustment of the gap between the conical screw 12 and the cylinder 11, the distance between the confluence core 21 and the cylinder 11 is adjusted correspondingly by the sealing gasket 24 to ensure that a proper gap is maintained at the confluence core 21.
In the invention, wear-resistant alloy materials are sprayed or embedded on the screw edges of the two conical screws 12 and the inner wall of the machine barrel 11, so that the wear-resistant service life of the pressurizing device is prolonged. For the raw material which is easy to stick to the wall, the screw grooves of the two conical screws 12 and the surface layer of the inner wall of the confluence core 21 are coated with a release coating material.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a but toper twin-screw melt fluid pressure device that adjustable gap exhausted can be mixed which characterized in that: comprises a front extrusion device for generating molten fluid, an extrusion pressurizing device, a forming die, a power system and a transmission case; the front extrusion device is used for conveying molten fluid to be pressurized into the extrusion pressurizing device, the forming die is arranged at a discharge port at the tail end of the extrusion pressurizing device, and the molten fluid to be pressurized is conveyed into the forming die after being pressurized and mixed by the extrusion pressurizing device; the power system is used for providing power for the extrusion pressurizing device;
the extrusion pressurizing device comprises a machine barrel and two conical screws longitudinally penetrating through the interior of the machine barrel, threads are arranged on a rod body, and the conical screws can be divided into a compression exhaust section, a metering pressurizing section and a mixing section along the material conveying direction; a feeding port, an exhaust port and a pressure sensor A are also arranged on the machine barrel corresponding to the compression exhaust section;
the transmission case is arranged between the power system and the machine barrel, an adjusting gasket group A is arranged between the machine barrel and the end face connected with the transmission case, and the longitudinal displacement of the machine barrel relative to the two conical screws can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting gasket group A, so that the gap between the inner wall of the machine barrel and the two conical screws is adjusted;
a spline connector is arranged in the transmission case, and the two conical screws are respectively connected with a power output shaft of the power system through the spline connector; an adjusting gasket group B is arranged between the two conical screws and the power output shaft opposite to the conical screws, and the longitudinal displacement of the two conical screws relative to the machine barrel is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting gasket group B, so that the gap between the two conical screws and the inner wall of the machine barrel and the gap between the two conical screws are adjusted;
a confluence core is further arranged at the outlet of the extrusion pressurizing device, conical threads are arranged on the conical tips of the two conical screws, and the conical threads can scrape the retained materials on the semi-conical cambered surface of the inner wall of the confluence core; the joint of the confluence core and the machine barrel is provided with a sealing gasket, and the thickness of the sealing gasket can be adjusted to adjust the screw edge of the conical tip of the conical screw and the scraping gap of the confluence core.
2. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the power system comprises a driving box and a torque distribution box, wherein a motor and a gearbox are arranged in the driving box, and a power output shaft connected with the motor is transmitted to another power output shaft by the torque distribution box.
3. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 2, characterized in that: the torque distribution box is characterized by further comprising a heat circulation system, the heat circulation system comprises an internal hot oil circulation system of the conical screw, the hot oil circulation system of the machine barrel and a hot oil circulation supply device for supplying hot oil to the hot oil circulation system, rotary joints are further arranged outside the tail end of the driving box and outside the tail end of the torque distribution box respectively, the two rotary joints are communicated with internal channels of the two power output shafts respectively, and the hot oil circulation supply device conveys the hot oil into the internal hot oil circulation systems of the two conical screws through the internal channels of the two power output shafts through the rotary joints.
4. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the axial line of the front extrusion device is perpendicular to the axial line of the extrusion pressurizing device, and a pressure sensor B is further arranged at the discharge port of the front extrusion device.
5. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the screw ridge gap and the screw bottom gap of the conical screw of the compression exhaust section and the mixing section are larger than those of the conical screw of the metering pressurization section, and the screw ridges of the conical screw of the compression exhaust section and the mixing section are respectively provided with a mixing exhaust groove and a mixing groove.
6. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the two conical screws are horizontally arranged or vertically arranged in the machine barrel; the number of the thread heads of the two conical screws is single-head threads or double-head threads or triple-head threads; the screw teeth of the two conical screws are symmetrical or asymmetrical trapezoids, and the dip angle of the normal section of each conical screw is 1-25 degrees; the length-diameter ratio of the two conical screws is 5.2-8; the ratio of the rod outer diameters of the two conical screws to the screw bottom diameters ranges from 1.5 to 3; the compression ratio of the two conical screws is 1:1 to 1: 2.
7. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustment range of the gap between the two conical screws and the inner wall of the machine barrel is 0.1-2.5 mm.
8. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the spline connector is a cylindrical sleeve internal gear sleeve type spline connector or a reducing internal gear sleeve type spline connector or an internal and external gear sleeve type spline connector.
9. The gap-adjustable, ventable, millable, conical twin-screw melt pressure apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: wear-resistant alloy materials are sprayed or embedded on the screw edges of the two conical screws and the inner wall of the machine barrel; and anti-sticking coating materials are coated in the grooves of the two conical screws and on the surface layers of the inner walls of the confluence cores.
CN201910732958.2A 2019-08-09 2019-08-09 Gap-adjustable, exhaustible and mixing conical double-screw melt fluid pressurizing device Active CN110509525B (en)

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CN114750394A (en) * 2022-04-30 2022-07-15 汕头市达诚环保精机科技有限公司 Detection and processing method for vacuum material overflow phenomenon of extruder
CN115674486A (en) * 2022-12-08 2023-02-03 广东鑫慧达智能装备有限公司 Artificial stone pouring all-in-one machine and artificial stone preparation method

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US3802670A (en) * 1970-11-05 1974-04-09 Japan Steel Works Ltd Continuous mixer for thermoplastic resin
WO2006042491A2 (en) * 2004-10-15 2006-04-27 Matthias Henke Single-shaft continuously operating mixing and kneading machine with a conical shaft
CN103072252A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-01 新疆通利塑业有限公司 Adjustment method of screw clearance of heterodromous cone double-screw extruder
CN202965167U (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-06-05 郑州金土地能源科技有限公司 Wood-plastic composite forming machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802670A (en) * 1970-11-05 1974-04-09 Japan Steel Works Ltd Continuous mixer for thermoplastic resin
WO2006042491A2 (en) * 2004-10-15 2006-04-27 Matthias Henke Single-shaft continuously operating mixing and kneading machine with a conical shaft
CN202965167U (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-06-05 郑州金土地能源科技有限公司 Wood-plastic composite forming machine
CN103072252A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-01 新疆通利塑业有限公司 Adjustment method of screw clearance of heterodromous cone double-screw extruder

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