CN110507452A

CN110507452A - A kind of anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN110507452A
Application number: CN201910887823.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李晖; 刘国春
Original assignee: Beijing Mai Di Zayin Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Mai Di Zayin Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-19
Filing date: 2019-09-19
Publication date: 2019-11-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis, including acetabular component, anti-femoral head prosthesis, neck of femur prosthese and type femoral bone end prosthesis, anti- femoral head prosthesis one end is fixedly connected with acetabular component, the other end is flexibly connected with neck of femur prosthese, the end for the anti-femoral head prosthesis being flexibly connected with neck of femur prosthese is arranged to convex spherical structure, corresponding neck of femur dummy ends are arranged to concave spherical surface structure, concave spherical surface structure does Spherical Joint Motion in convex spherical structure, and the other end of neck of femur prosthese is fixedly connected with type femoral bone end prosthesis.The present invention expands the scope of activities of neck of femur prosthese by the setting structure of anti-spherical surface, due also to the volume of anti-femoral head prosthesis is larger, has substantially taken up all dislocation spaces, so the puzzlement that neck of femur can be overcome to dislocate.Also by the way that capillary pipe structure is arranged on concave spherical surface, it is able to achieve by the negative-pressure adsorption effect of capillary and neck of femur prosthese is adsorbed on anti-femoral head prosthesis, effectively prevent phenomenon of dislocating.

Description

A kind of anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of medical instrument technology, more particularly to a kind of anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis.

Background technique

Replacement of Hip Joint is the current critical treatment side for solving mankind's hip joint disease and animal hip joint disease Method occupies very important status in physianthropy history and animal medicine history.Up to now, people devise Various artificial hip prosthesis, but existing structure substantially includes: acetabular component, femoral head prosthesis and femoral stem Prosthese is the forms of motion that ball bowl is motionless, ball is dynamic according to the design of the anatomic form of hip joint.Although this artificial prosthesis exists Also good effect is achieved in clinic, but still has many problems, as the scope of activities of femoral head prosthesis is limited, femur Head prosthesis is easy to deviate from from acetabular bone or acetabular bone liner and the implacable contradictory problems of the two.These problems as above, In What youngster's class patient and animal patient embodied with it becomes apparent.

It can be seen that above-mentioned existing artificial hip prosthesis are upper in structure, method and use, it is clear that there are still have inconvenience With defect, and need to be further improved.A kind of new artificial hip prosthesis' structure type how is founded, its not shadow is made The scope of activities of hip joint is rung, and thoroughly solves the technical problem that femoral head is easy abjection, becomes what current industry needed to improve Target.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis, it is made not influence hip joint Scope of activities, and thoroughly solve femoral head be easy abjection technical problem, to overcome existing artificial hip prosthesis' It is insufficient.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis, including it is acetabular component, anti- Femoral head prosthesis, neck of femur prosthese and type femoral bone end prosthesis.

Described anti-femoral head prosthesis one end is fixedly connected with the acetabular component, the other end and neck of femur prosthese activity Connection, the end for the anti-femoral head prosthesis being flexibly connected with the neck of femur prosthese are arranged to convex spherical structure, accordingly The neck of femur dummy ends are arranged to the concave spherical surface structure being in contact with the convex spherical structure, and the concave spherical surface structure is in institute It states and does Spherical Joint Motion in convex spherical structure, the other end end of the neck of femur prosthese is fixedly connected with the type femoral bone end prosthesis.

It is further improved, the convex spherical structure is identical as the spherical diameter of the concave spherical surface structure, rotation center is overlapped.

It is further improved, is connected between the acetabular component and the anti-femoral head prosthesis by barb padlock connection type Or taper locking connection type connection, and the maximum outside diameter of the anti-femoral head prosthesis is greater than outside the maximum of the acetabular component Diameter.

It is further improved, the anti-femoral head prosthesis is integrally in mushroom-shaped structure, the shank of the mushroom-shaped structure It is provided with that 1 to 3 row is continuous or discrete barb on excircle side wall, is provided on the opening inner wall of the acetabular component 1 to 3 row is continuous or discrete groove, the barb are mutually fastened with groove.

It is further improved, is provided with one or more capillaries on the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical surface structure.

It is further improved, using taper locking connection type connection between the neck of femur prosthese and type femoral bone end prosthesis.

It is further improved, the connecting pin that the neck of femur prosthese is connect with the type femoral bone end prosthesis is provided with taper hole, accordingly The type femoral bone end prosthesis end be arranged to and the matched conehead of the taper hole.

It is further improved, the taper hole of one or more capillaries and the neck of femur prosthese other end on the concave spherical surface It communicates.

It is further improved, the lateral surface of the acetabular component is using spraying method or sintering processing or 3D printing method system At rough surface；Alternatively, the lateral surface of the acetabular component is arranged to trabecular bone structure using 3D printing method.

Be further improved, the acetabular component and anti-femoral head prosthesis be using one solid made of ceramic material at Type structure；

And/or the neck of femur prosthese and type femoral bone end prosthesis are an integral molding structure；

And/or the neck of femur prosthese is made of ceramic material, the anti-femoral head prosthesis uses ceramic material or height Molecular material is made；Or, the neck of femur prosthese is made of vitallium material, the anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 uses cobalt Chrome molybdenum material or high molecular material are made.

By adopting such a design, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

1. the anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis of the present invention have the anti-femoral head prosthesis of convex spherical structure by setting, and The neck of femur prosthese with concave spherical surface structure to match with its convex spherical structure, and by concave spherical surface structure in convex spherical structure On Spherical Joint Motion, expand the scope of activities of neck of femur prosthese and type femoral bone end prosthesis, due also to anti-femoral head prosthesis volume is larger, The dislocation space having at hip joint has been substantially taken up, the dislocation of neck of femur prosthese is avoided, has thoroughly been solved existing artificial The puzzlement of hip prosthesis dislocation.

2. being acted on, being able to achieve stock by the negative-pressure adsorption of capillary also by the way that capillary pipe structure is arranged on concave spherical surface Bone neck prosthese is adsorbed on anti-femoral head prosthesis, even if occurring of short duration neck of femur prosthese under certain external force and disengaging, when After external force disappears, neck of femur prosthese can be matched with the formation of anti-femoral head prosthesis again automatically, can effectively prevent dislocation phenomenon hair It is raw.

3. the solid integrated molding also by the way that acetabular component and anti-femoral head prosthesis to be arranged to be made of ceramic materials A possibility that structure greatly improves its intensity, no broken in its life cycle, service life greatly prolongs.Also pass through Acetabular component outer surface is made to coarse surface, the technical effect that there is induction bone tissue to grow into is set conducive to artificial hip joint Change the success of art.

Detailed description of the invention

The above is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, below In conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Referring to shown in attached drawing 1, the anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis of the present embodiment, including acetabular component 1, anti-femoral head prosthesis 2, neck of femur prosthese 3 and type femoral bone end prosthesis 4.One end of the acetabular component 1 for being fixedly connected with human body acetabular bone, the other end with One end of anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 is flexibly connected with neck of femur prosthese 3, the stock The other end end of bone neck prosthese 3 is fixedly connected with type femoral bone end prosthesis 4.

Specifically, the acetabular component 1 uses traditional acetabular bone cup configuration, outer surface 11 uses spraying method or sintering Mode or 3D printing method form a coarse bonding plane.The coarse bonding plane forms a fixed connection with human body acetabular bone, Have the effect of that bone tissue is induced to grow into.The coarse bonding plane can be made by the way of coating, such as use plasma spray Painting mode sprays titanium valve, and then spray attachment hydroxyapatite (HA) is made again on surface.Alternatively, can also be by the way of sintering at it Sintered titanium pearl forms coarse bonding plane for outer surface.Alternatively, acetabular cup outer surface can be arranged to by the way of 3D printing Trabecular bone structure.

Anti- 2 overall structure of femoral head prosthesis of this in the present embodiment is in mushroom-shaped structure, is somebody's turn to do the shank of mushroom-shaped structure It is fixedly connected with the opening of acetabular component 1, specific connection type can be barb padlock connection type, or taper lock Surely the connection type connected.When using barb padlock connection type, anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 should be made of high molecular material, Such as polythene material, PEEK material, and acetabular component 1 should be made of metal material or ceramic material, metal material such as titanium Alloy material or vitallium material or high-grade stainless steel material；Ceramic material such as zirconia ceramics, aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconium Aluminium composite ceramics.This is because padlock mode needs material deformation that could lock.When using taper locking connection type, instead Femoral head prosthesis 2 should be made of ceramic material, and such as zirconia ceramics, aluminium oxide ceramics or zirconium aluminium composite ceramics, and acetabular bone is false Body 2 should be made of metal material, such as titanium alloy material or vitallium material or high-grade stainless steel material.High score as above Sub- material or metal material can be formed by the way of conventional machine tooling, and ceramic material needs use compacting → The multi-step process mode such as sintering → grinding forms.Taper locking is conventional can to use Morse's taper, can also use traditional design In the tapers such as 12/14,10/12,11/13 lock and.Conehead part can be set on anti-femoral head prosthesis 2, also can be set On acetabular component 1, corresponding is exactly that taper hole is arranged on acetabular component 1 or anti-femoral head prosthesis 2.

Meanwhile in order to reach the filling to dislocation space, the maximum outside diameter of anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 is greater than hip in the present embodiment The maximum outside diameter of mortar prosthese 1.The anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 preferably uses selection principle from big to small during actual operation, but It is it should be noted that large-sized anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 may interfere with the musculature and ligament tissue of surrounding, so also can not It is excessive.And when undersized, especially than the size also hour of acetabular component 1, the dislocation risk of neck of femur prosthese 3 is just and traditional The not essential difference of artificial hip prosthesis.

It is connected in the present embodiment using the connection type of barb padlock, as shown in Fig. 1, is somebody's turn to do the shank of mushroom-shaped structure It is provided with 2 row's barbs 22 on excircle side wall, 2 row's grooves 12 are provided on the opening inner wall of the acetabular component 1, the barb 22 It is mutually fastened with groove 12 and realizes being fixedly connected for acetabular component 1 and anti-femoral head prosthesis 2.

The setting of the barb 22 and groove 12 can be continuous or discrete 1 row, or continuous or non-company Continuous is multiple rows of, but is no more than 3 rows as far as possible, otherwise be easy to cause the difficult to install of acetabular component 1 and anti-femoral head prosthesis 2.

The mushroom head outer surface of the mushroom-shaped structure of the anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 is in convex spherical structure 21, accordingly therewith The end for the neck of femur prosthese 3 being flexibly connected is arranged to the concave spherical surface structure 31 being in contact with the convex spherical structure 21, this is recessed Spherical structure 31 can do Spherical Joint Motion in the convex spherical structure 21.Preferred embodiment is the convex spherical structure 21 and the recessed ball The spherical diameter of face structure 31 is identical, rotation center is overlapped, and is able to achieve the tight of convex spherical structure 21 and concave spherical surface structure 31 in this way Closely connected conjunction.

The combination setting of the convex spherical structure and concave spherical surface structure is to breach traditional hip joint design concept, using anti- To the mode of thinking, the completely new anti-spherical design theory of one kind of proposition, the anti-spherical design theory adheres to the rotation center of flexural pivot It is constant, by traditional ball bowl it is motionless+the dynamic forms of motion of ball changes into the dynamic forms of motion of stone-dead+ball bowl, and due to anti- The convex spherical of femoral head prosthesis 2 is larger, almost occupies the dislocation space having at hip joint, so femur can be prevented well The generation of neck prothesis dislocation phenomenon.

In addition, the connection type of conehead and taper hole is used in the present embodiment between the neck of femur prosthese 3 and type femoral bone end prosthesis 4 Connection.The connecting pin that such as the neck of femur prosthese 3 is connect with type femoral bone end prosthesis 4 is provided with taper hole 33, the corresponding type femoral bone end prosthesis 4 End is arranged to and the matched conehead 41 of the taper hole 33.The conehead 41 and 33 taper of taper hole are same or similar, can use Mohs Taper, can also using in traditional design the lock of the tapers such as 12/14,10/12,11/13 and.It is of course also possible to be taper hole setting In type femoral bone end prosthesis 4, corresponding conehead is arranged on neck of femur prosthese 3, same to realize stock by cone connection type The connection of bone neck prosthese 3 and type femoral bone end prosthesis 4.In addition, the type femoral bone end prosthesis is also possible to neck of femur prosthese using same Integrated molding structure made of material.

More excellent embodiment is that one or more capillaries 32 are provided on the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical surface structure 31.This one A or multiple capillaries 32 can be communicated with the taper hole 33 of 3 other end of neck of femur prosthese.In this way in neck of femur prosthese 3 and femoral stem After prosthese 4 is locked by taper, capillary 32 will form blind hole, and under capillary phenomenon effect, which can be full of tissue Liquid or blood, after the convex spherical of anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 is connected with the concave spherical surface of neck of femur prosthese 3, by shape on the ball contact surface At negative pressure, so that neck of femur prosthese 3 and anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 are attached together by active, further prevent neck of femur false Body 3 is detached from anti-femoral head prosthesis 2.Even if occurring of short duration neck of femur prosthese under certain external force and disengaging, when external force disappears Afterwards, neck of femur prosthese 3 can be matched with the formation of anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 again automatically, without generating phenomenon of dislocating.

In the present embodiment, the effect of capillary 32 further includes unloading the effect of air pressure.It is encased in type femoral bone end prosthesis 4 When in neck of femur prosthese 3, when not having capillary 32, the inner air of taper hole 33 is compressed lasting, to form anti-make Firmly, which has the tendency that separating type femoral bone end prosthesis 4 and neck of femur prosthese 3, has unfavorable shadow to whole stable structure It rings.The capillary 32 designed in the present embodiment compressed air can exactly be discharged, to make type femoral bone end prosthesis 4 and femur The lock of neck prosthese 3 and stronger.

The acetabular component 1 can be used titanium alloy material and be made in the present embodiment, which uses polyethylene material Material is made, and can form the anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 and connect with the barb padlock of acetabular component 1.Certainly, the anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 Ceramic material can be used to be made, the acetabular component 1 and anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 are all made of ceramic material and solid one are made at this time Molding structure, can greatly improve the intensity of the prosthese, and intensity is super than traditional ceramic head and ceramic-lined combined strength Many times out, in the life cycle of the hip prosthesis, it is absolutely not any broken a possibility that, greatly improve safety and Service life.

Ceramic material can be used in the neck of femur prosthese 3 or vitallium material is made, which can be used titanium Alloy, stainless steel, vitallium or ceramic material are made.Preferably, when neck of femur prosthese 3 is made of ceramic material, Anti- femoral head prosthesis 2 can be made of ceramic material or high molecular material；When neck of femur prosthese 3 uses vitallium material When being made, anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 can be made of vitallium material or high molecular material.

The present invention uses opposition thinking mode, proposes anti-spherical surface brand-new design theory, by traditional ball bowl it is motionless+ball moves Forms of motion change into the dynamic forms of motion of stone-dead+ball bowl, and by the capillary effect of capillary, by convex spherical with it is recessed Spherical surface securely adsorbs, and further effectively prevents from, and creative thoroughly solves artificial hip joint in traditional design theory The historic problem that prosthese motion range is limited and dislocation cannot be considered in terms of, provides reliably for the mankind or animal body hip joint disease Effective treatment means.

The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, this Field technical staff makes a little simple modification, equivalent variations or modification using the technology contents of the disclosure above, all falls within this hair In bright protection scope.

Claims

1. a kind of anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis, which is characterized in that false including acetabular component, anti-femoral head prosthesis, neck of femur Body and type femoral bone end prosthesis,

Described anti-femoral head prosthesis one end is fixedly connected with the acetabular component, and the other end and the neck of femur prosthese activity connect It connects, the end for the anti-femoral head prosthesis being flexibly connected with the neck of femur prosthese is arranged to convex spherical structure, corresponding institute It states neck of femur dummy ends and is arranged to the concave spherical surface structure being in contact with the convex spherical structure, the concave spherical surface structure is described Spherical Joint Motion is done in convex spherical structure, the other end end of the neck of femur prosthese is fixedly connected with the type femoral bone end prosthesis.

2. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the convex spherical structure with it is described The spherical diameter of concave spherical surface structure is identical, rotation center is overlapped.

3. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acetabular component and described anti- Connection type connection is locked by the connection of barb padlock connection type or taper between femoral head prosthesis, and the anti-femoral head is false The maximum outside diameter of body is greater than the maximum outside diameter of the acetabular component.

4. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the anti-femoral head prosthesis is whole It is continuous or discrete that 1 to 3 row is provided in mushroom-shaped structure, on the shank excircle side wall of the mushroom-shaped structure Barb, is provided with that 1 to 3 row is continuous or discrete groove, the barb and ditch on the opening inner wall of the acetabular component Slot mutually fastens.

5. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the concave spherical surface One or more capillaries are provided on the concave spherical surface of structure.

6. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the neck of femur prosthese and femur Using taper locking connection type connection between handle prosthese.

7. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the neck of femur prosthese with it is described The connecting pin of type femoral bone end prosthesis connection is provided with taper hole, and the corresponding type femoral bone end prosthesis end is arranged to match with the taper hole Conehead.

8. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 7, which is characterized in that one on the concave spherical surface or Multiple capillaries are communicated with the taper hole of the neck of femur prosthese other end.

9. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lateral surface of the acetabular component For using rough surface made of spraying method or sintering processing；Alternatively, the lateral surface of the acetabular component uses 3D printing side Formula is arranged to trabecular bone structure.

10. anti-spherical surface artificial hip prosthesis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acetabular component and anti-stock Bone prosthese is using integrated formed structure solid made of ceramic material；

And/or the neck of femur prosthese is made of ceramic material, the anti-femoral head prosthesis uses ceramic material or macromolecule Material is made；Or, the neck of femur prosthese is made of vitallium material, the anti-femoral head prosthesis 2 uses cobalt chrome molybdenum Alloy material or high molecular material are made.