CN110502854B - Preparation method of concrete for replacing resources - Google Patents
Preparation method of concrete for replacing resources Download PDFInfo
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- CN110502854B CN110502854B CN201910800207.XA CN201910800207A CN110502854B CN 110502854 B CN110502854 B CN 110502854B CN 201910800207 A CN201910800207 A CN 201910800207A CN 110502854 B CN110502854 B CN 110502854B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of concrete for replacing resources, which is characterized in that materials are selected and material mixing ratios are designed, so that the prepared concrete slurry has preset average slurry thickness, and the rheological property and mechanical property of the concrete are controlled by regulating the average slurry thickness; wherein the average slurry thickness is the quotient of the slurry volume divided by the aggregate total surface area; in calculating the aggregate total surface area S AG When calculated according to the following formula:
W n representing the mass of the corresponding aggregate; beta i Representing the specific particle size of the corresponding aggregate; the specific particle size refers to the sum of products of the fractional screen remainder of each size fraction and the specific surface area of the size fraction of the corresponding aggregate. The invention uses the specific granularity to represent the specific surface area of the aggregate, establishes the functional relation between the thickness of the slurry and the specific granularity of the aggregate, and guides the selection of raw materials and designs the mixing ratio of the raw materials, thereby realizing the adjustment of the thickness of the slurry and achieving the effect of regulating and controlling the rheological property and the mechanical property which are met by the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to a preparation method of resource-replacing concrete.
Background
In recent years, due to the reduction of natural resources of concrete raw materials and the increase of environmental control, alternative resources (such as machine-made sand, tailing sand, limestone powder, metallurgical waste residues and the like) are increasingly applied to concrete. The materials produced by artificial processing replace natural raw materials on the surface, but key technical indexes in the concrete mixing proportion, such as the quantity of powder particles, specific surface area and the like, are changed in practice. The method has great influence on the mixing ratio of concrete preparation, and the thought and key technical indexes of the method are different from those of the conventional material for preparing concrete.
Concrete scientific research institutions and production enterprises often encounter phenomena, for example, concrete with the same aggregate variety but different particle sizes and the same mixing proportion, and the prepared compressive strengths are completely different; for another example, the cement (cement) usage amount of the C40 concrete and the cement usage amount of the C35 concrete are greatly different, but the compressive strength difference is not obvious, and even the C40 concrete is sometimes lower than the C35 concrete; for another example, the fineness of sand used in the production of ready-mixed concrete generally fluctuates in a certain range, but the standard deviation of compressive strength of concrete in the same proportion is often large, and the like. In the actual production process of ready-mixed concrete, the quality of materials such as cementing materials, additives and the like is relatively stable, and the grain composition or fineness of sand relatively fluctuates most frequently, whether the change of the fineness of sand causes the change of certain parameters such as the slurry-bone ratio or the water-powder ratio, thereby influencing the strength of the concrete. These common and easily neglected problems are in need of further research by concrete technicians to guide the preparation of concrete.
Concrete can be regarded as a dispersion of coarse and fine aggregate particles dispersed in a slurry phase, and is often analyzed by a two-dimensional structure, i.e., mortar coats coarse aggregate particles and fills voids between coarse aggregate particles, cement slurry coats fine aggregate particles and fills voids between fine aggregate particles, and water is adsorbed by fine powder particles such as cement to form a water film and fills voids between fine powder particles. The thickness of the coating layers (such as a mortar layer, a clean mortar layer and a water film) directly influences the rheological property, the water retention property and the cohesiveness of the fresh concrete, and also influences the mechanical property and the durability of the hardened concrete.
Slurry thickness (APT), the average thickness of the slurry coating aggregate particles. From the prior data, the current research on the influence of slurry thickness on the concrete performance is insufficient, for example, the influence of fine particles in machine-made sand, especially stone powder content, on the slurry volume is not considered only in a narrow range of water-cement, and the like, and some results are only researched on one side of an extremum due to test design, and the like, which result in great limitation of related conclusion, and further detailed research is needed to guide the application of the engineering at the present stage, especially the application of alternative resources in ready-mixed concrete by using the theories.
For understanding and calculating the thickness of the slurry, at present, students at home and abroad have not formed unified consensus. European researchers believe that particles below 0.08mm can be used as a slurry to encapsulate larger particles. Some scholars believe that the fine aggregate particles should have a size of 0.315mm or less contained in the slurry and a size of 0.315mm or more contained as a part of the aggregate. Some students directly perform simplification processing according to the definition of coarse and fine aggregates (namely, coarse aggregates with the size of more than 4.75 mm) and consider corresponding correction coefficients, and study the coarse aggregates according to the volume fraction of the coarse aggregates as parameters. Nevertheless, the thickness of the slurry is only a relative quantity concept, and it is important to ascertain the physical meaning and the rule of influence on the concrete performance, and the accuracy and the magnitude of the absolute value do not influence the application of the slurry in engineering. Of course, in analyzing the related research results, attention should be paid to a specific calculation method of the slurry thickness corresponding to the conclusion.
The existing data show that the thickness of the slurry has a great influence on the compressive strength of the concrete, and the concrete with the same raw material and different water cement ratios has the optimal thickness of the slurry in the mechanical property, and the strength of the concrete can be reduced due to the fact that the thickness of the slurry is too small or too large. In the course of the study, the slurry thickness was defined as the quotient of the slurry volume (containing particles below 0.08 mm) divided by the aggregate total surface area. The slurry contains particles with the particle size of less than 0.08mm, such as stone powder, which provides a new technical guide and application way for scientifically and reasonably using artificial sand or other industrial waste residues with higher stone powder content. It can be said that the slurry (average) thickness directly affects the rheological and mechanical properties of concrete, and is one of the important parameters for the design of alternative resource concrete mix ratio.
From the theory of water film thickness and the theory of interaction between particles, the water consumption (or slurry content) and the total surface area of the aggregate directly determine a plurality of properties of the concrete mixture. Engineering technicians typically use "fineness modulus" to express the fineness of the sand and design and adjust the concrete mix accordingly. Although the specific surface area of the aggregate has larger influence on the performance of the concrete than the fineness modulus, the fineness modulus and the specific surface area have no direct correlation, and even if the fineness modulus of the sand is the same, the grain size distribution of the sand can be different, and the specific surface area can be more different; the specific surface areas of the sand with different fineness modulus are likely to be similar. Especially, under the condition of deficient natural aggregate resources at present, the scientific and reasonable use of artificial sand, tailing sand, desert sand, fine sand and other alternative resources becomes a trend, and if the selection and proportioning design of the sand is still guided by the fineness modulus, the prepared concrete has a higher possibility of deviating from the expected effect.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of concrete for replacing resources, which uses new parameters representing the specific surface area of aggregate to replace fineness modulus so as to guide the selection of raw materials and design the mixing ratio of the raw materials, thereby realizing the adjustment of the thickness of slurry (average) and ensuring that the prepared concrete meets preset rheological property and mechanical property.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the concrete as a substitute resource comprises the steps of selecting materials and designing a material mixing ratio to ensure that the prepared concrete slurry has a preset average slurry thickness, and controlling the rheological property and the mechanical property of the concrete by regulating the average slurry thickness; wherein the average slurry thickness is the quotient of the slurry volume divided by the aggregate total surface area;
in calculating the aggregate total surface area, the following formula is used:
aggregate total surface area
W n Indicating the mass of the corresponding aggregate, kg; beta i Represents the specific particle size, m, of the corresponding aggregate 2 /kg；
The specific particle size refers to the sum of products of the fractional screen remainder of each size fraction and the specific surface area of the size fraction of the corresponding aggregate.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the average thickness H of the slurry satisfies the following formula:
wherein V is J Represents the volume of the slurry, m 3 。
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific granularity β calculation method is:
in the formula, beta-specific particle size, m 2 /kg；
A i -graded screen residue of the i-th grade particle size,%;
S i specific surface area of the ith particle size, m 2 /kg。
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concrete slurry is composed of water, a cementing material, an additive, air and artificial sand instead of powder particles with a size of less than 0.08mm contained in the resource material, and the volume V of the slurry J The calculation is carried out according to the following formula:
W w 、W c 、W K 、W F 、W A 、W CD the weight of water, cement, mineral powder, fly ash, additive and stone powder are sequentially expressed, and kg is obtained;
ρ w 、ρ c 、ρ K 、ρ F 、ρ A 、ρ CD the density of water, cement, mineral powder, fly ash, additive and stone powder are expressed in turn, kg/m 3 ；
Alpha represents the air content in the mixture, m 3 。
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aggregate includes at least coarse aggregate and fine aggregate;
s is then AG ＝W S ×β S +W G ×β G
Wherein W is G 、W S Respectively representing the mass of coarse aggregate and the mass of fine aggregate, and kg;
β G 、β S respectively represents the specific particle size, m of coarse and fine aggregates 2 /kg。
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fine aggregate is sand with continuous grading below 5mm, and the specific granularity calculating method comprises the following steps:
β S ＝A 5.0 ×S 5.0 +A 2.5 ×S 2.5 +A 1.25 ×S 1.25 +A 0.63 ×S 0.63 +A 0.315 ×S 0.315 +A 0.160 ×S 0.160 +A 0.08 ×S 0.08 。
preferably, the coarse aggregate is 5-25 mm continuous graded stone, and the specific particle size calculation method comprises the following steps:
β G ＝A 31.5 ×S 31.5 +A 25.0 ×S 25.0 +A 20 ×S 20 +A 16 ×S 16 +A 10 ×S 10 +A 5.0 ×S 5.0 +A 2.5 ×S 2.5 。
according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coarse aggregate or the fine aggregate is one or more selected from the group consisting of artificial sand, tailing sand, desert sand and fine sand; or one or more of machine-made sand, tailing sand, limestone powder, metallurgical waste residues and other alternative resources.
In the invention, in the actual production process, the average slurry thickness model is established, and particles smaller than 0.08mm in aggregate are taken as components of the slurry in the calculation of the slurry thickness.
Preferably, in the actual production process, the influence of the overall void ratio of the aggregate on the average slurry thickness is considered, so that the process parameters applicable to the actual production process can be determined by small-scale adjustment and test based on the calculated value after calculation according to the theoretical model of the invention.
(III) beneficial effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the concrete preparation method of the invention uses the parameter of specific granularity to represent the specific surface area of aggregate, and establishes the functional relation (model) of slurry thickness and aggregate specific granularity, thereby guiding the selection of raw materials and designing the mixing ratio of the raw materials, realizing the adjustment of slurry thickness, and achieving the effect of regulating and controlling the rheological property (such as slump, expansion degree, emptying time of a pouring barrel and the like) and mechanical property (such as compressive strength) which are met by concrete.
Compared with the existing method for designing and adjusting the concrete mixing ratio according to the fineness modulus, the method can avoid deviation in design (the prepared concrete deviates from the expected effect); meanwhile, the method of the invention is more suitable for being applied to the method for preparing concrete by using various alternative resources such as artificial sand, tailing sand, desert sand, fine sand, machine-made sand, limestone powder, metallurgical waste residues and the like.
The aggregate properties can be described more accurately by adopting the concept of specific granularity, and the concrete mix proportion design can be guided better by combining the calculation of the thickness of the slurry.
The invention provides a slurry average thickness model, which is also an important model besides a cement water model, a cement slurry strength model and a bonding strength model in a concrete compressive strength prediction model, and is applied to the preparation process of concrete for determining raw material specifications and mixing ratios, thereby being beneficial to obtaining concrete with preset performance indexes.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments for better understanding of the invention.
The invention has the following overall conception: the specific surface area of aggregate is represented by using the parameter of specific granularity to replace fineness modulus, a model of slurry thickness and specific granularity is established, and the model is used for guiding the selection of raw materials and the design of raw material mixing ratio, so that the adjustment of slurry thickness is realized. The thickness of the slurry is related to the rheological property and mechanical property of the concrete, and the impact on the compressive strength of the concrete consolidation body is also larger (more than 10%). Therefore, the final purpose of the invention is to guide the preparation of concrete through a model of slurry thickness and specific granularity, in particular to prepare concrete by using non-natural aggregate and other alternative resources (such as artificial sand, machine-made sand, tailing sand, limestone powder, metallurgical waste residues and the like) so as to obtain the concrete meeting the expected performance requirements.
Since the average slurry thickness is equal to the quotient of the slurry volume divided by the aggregate total surface area.
Namely: the average thickness H of the slurry satisfies the following formula:
wherein V is J Represents the volume of the slurry, m 3 。
In the present invention, the aggregate total surface area is calculated using the product of the "specific particle size" of each respective aggregate and its mass followed by characterization.
Specifically, aggregate total surface area
W n Indicating the mass of the corresponding aggregate, kg; beta i Represents the specific particle size, m, of the corresponding aggregate 2 /kg；
The specific particle size refers to the sum of products of the fractional screen remainder of each size fraction and the specific surface area of the size fraction of the corresponding aggregate.
Specifically, the specific granularity beta calculation method comprises the following steps:
in the formula, beta-specific particle size, m 2 /kg；
A i -graded screen residue of the i-th grade particle size,%;
S i specific surface area of the ith particle size, m 2 /kg。
Wherein the aggregate comprises coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, and is prepared according to the formula I and the formula III;
S AG ＝W S ×β S +W G ×β G
wherein W is G 、W S Respectively representing the mass of coarse aggregate and the mass of fine aggregate, and kg;
β G 、β S respectively represents the specific particle size, m of coarse and fine aggregates 2 /kg。
Further, the fine aggregate is sand with continuous grading below 5mm, and the specific granularity calculating method comprises the following steps:
β S ＝A 5.0 ×S 5.0 +A 2.5 ×S 2.5 +A 1.25 ×S 1.25 +A 0.63 ×S 0.63 +A 0.315 ×S 0.315 +A 0.160 ×S 0.160 +A 0.08 ×S 0.08 。
further, the coarse aggregate is 5-25 mm continuous graded stone, and the specific particle size calculation method comprises the following steps:
β G ＝A 31.5 ×S 31.5 +A 25.0 ×S 25.0 +A 20 ×S 20 +A 16 ×S 16 +A 10 ×S 10 +A 5.0 ×S 5.0 +A 2.5 ×S 2.5 。
in the application, the specific granularity is a new expression method of the fineness of the aggregate, and meanwhile, the total surface area of the aggregate can be accurately reflected. The physical meaning of specific particle size is the total specific surface area of aggregate in the statistical particle size range.
The calculation shows that the square with the same material and 1 side length has the volume of 1 and the surface area of 6; after cutting into 8 small cubes, the side length of the small cubes is 1/2, the total volume of the 8 small cubes is unchanged, and the surface area is 12 (2 times that before cutting). If there is an internal ball within the cube, the total surface area of the ball will also be this law of variation after cutting in the manner described above. The rule is obtained by the method, the material and apparent density of the two aggregates A and B are the same as those of the production process, and if the particle size of the aggregate A is 1/n of that of the aggregate B, the specific surface area of the aggregate A is n times of that of the aggregate B.
Comprehensively considering the influence of sand sources and processing modes on the particle shape of the sand, and comparing and analyzing the sand with the basic particle shape of actual statistics, the difference between a calculated value obtained by calculating the specific surface area according to a cube model and an actual value is smaller. The specific particle size of each particle size particle can be seen in table 1 assuming that the particles are all approximately square.
TABLE 1 Fine particle ratio particle size data sheet
| Particle size/mm | 5～2.5 | 2.5～1.25 | 1.25～0.63 | 0.63～0.315 | 0.315～0.16 | 0.160～0.080 |
| Specific particle size value beta | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 32 |
The specific particle size of the common particle size particles can be directly applied to actual production. The specific granularity of some aggregates which are needed to be used can be made into a database, and the aggregates can be directly called out and applied in production practice.
Volume V of slurry J (m 3 ) If the concrete slurry is composed of water, cementing material, additive, air and artificial sand instead of powder particles with the size of less than 0.08mm contained in the resource material, the volume V of the slurry J The calculation is carried out according to the following formula:
W w 、W c 、W K 、W F 、W A 、W CD the weight of water, cement, mineral powder, fly ash, additive and stone powder are sequentially expressed, and kg is obtained;
ρ w 、ρ c 、ρ K 、ρ F 、ρ A 、ρ CD the density of water, cement, mineral powder, fly ash, additive and stone powder are expressed in turn, kg/m 3 ；
Alpha represents the air content in the mixture, m 3 。
In order that the features and technical effects of the solution of the invention may be further understood, the following will exemplify engineering cases in which the solution of the invention is applied.
Engineering case 1: the CBD core area Z15 land engineering (china honor) of the downtown of beijing is located in the central axis of the central business area of the downtown of beijing, east to gold and east to the road, south to the planned greenfield, west to gold and road, north to the Guanghua road. The total building area is about 43.7 ten thousand m 2 The building height is 528m, the ground is 108 layers, the ground is 7 layers, wherein the ground building area is 35 ten thousand m2, and the ground is about 8.7 ten thousand m 2 。
Engineering case 2: multifunctional land engineering No. IV-05 of the Tongzhou canal core area is located on the west shore of the Tongzhou canal core area, the land block is from east to north Guangzhongzhu, the land block is from west to Xinhua east, the south to Yongshun east street, and the north to Luzhuang south street. The total building area of the project is 117312m 2 Wherein the total building area on the ground is 84498m 2 . The main functions are business office and business, and the total underground building area is 32814m 2 The main content of the project is business office buildings and business houses. The property of the project land is F3 other multi-functional land.
According to the method of the invention, the mixing proportion of cementing materials, machine-made sand, stones, fly ash, mineral powder, additives, water and the like in the preparation of concrete is calculated, and the mixing proportion of the prepared concrete and the performance of the concrete are shown in the following table: wherein the emptying time, slump and the like are used for representing the rheological property of the concrete; the 28d compressive strength is used for representing the mechanical property of the concrete consolidated body.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the concrete replacing resources is characterized in that materials are selected and the material mixing ratio is designed, so that the prepared concrete slurry has a preset average slurry thickness, and the rheological property and mechanical property of the concrete are controlled by regulating the average slurry thickness; wherein the average slurry thickness is the quotient of the slurry volume divided by the aggregate total surface area;
in calculating the aggregate total surface area, the following formula is used:
aggregate total surface area
W n Indicating the mass of the corresponding aggregate, kg; beta i Represents the specific particle size, m, of the corresponding aggregate 2 /kg；
The specific granularity refers to the sum of products of the grading screen residue of each size fraction and the specific surface area of the size fraction of the corresponding aggregate;
the average thickness H of the slurry satisfies the following formula:
wherein V is J Represents the volume of the slurry, m 3 ；
The specific granularity beta calculation method comprises the following steps:
in the formula, beta-specific particle size, m 2 /kg；
A i -graded screen residue of the i-th grade particle size,%;
S i specific surface area of the ith particle size, m 2 /kg；
The concrete slurry consists of water, cementing material, additive, air and artificial sand which replace powder particles with the size of less than 0.08mm and are contained in resource materials, and the volume V of the slurry J The calculation is carried out according to the following formula:
W w 、W c 、W K 、W F 、W A 、W CD the weight of water, cement, mineral powder, fly ash, additive and stone powder are sequentially expressed, and kg is obtained;
ρ w 、ρ c 、ρ K 、ρ F 、ρ A 、ρ CD the density of water, cement, mineral powder, fly ash, additive and stone powder are expressed in turn, kg/m 3 ；
Alpha represents the air content in the mixture, m 3 。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate comprises at least a coarse aggregate and a fine aggregate;
s is then AG ＝W S ×β S +W G ×β G
Wherein W is G 、W S Respectively representing the mass of coarse aggregate and the mass of fine aggregate, and kg;
β G 、β S respectively represents the specific particle size, m of coarse and fine aggregates 2 /kg。
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fine aggregate is sand having a continuous gradation of 5mm or less, and the specific particle size is calculated by:
β S ＝A 5.0 ×S 5.0 +A 2.5 ×S 2.5 +A 1.25 ×S 1.25 +A 0.63 ×S 0.63 +A 0.315 ×S 0.315 +A 0.160 ×S 0.160 +A 0.08 ×S 0.08 ；
the coarse aggregate is 5-25 mm continuous graded cobble, and the specific particle size calculation method comprises the following steps:
β G ＝A 31.5 ×S 31.5 +A 25.0 ×S 25.0 +A 20 ×S 20 +A 16 ×S 16 +A 10 ×S 10 +A 5.0 ×S 5.0 +A 2.5 ×S 2.5 。
4. the method according to claim 2, wherein the coarse aggregate or the fine aggregate is one or more selected from the group consisting of artificial sand, tailing sand, desert sand and fine sand.
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