CN110501817A - Generate the method for space-time vortex light field and the detection method of space-time vortex light field - Google Patents
Generate the method for space-time vortex light field and the detection method of space-time vortex light field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110501817A CN110501817A CN201910836747.3A CN201910836747A CN110501817A CN 110501817 A CN110501817 A CN 110501817A CN 201910836747 A CN201910836747 A CN 201910836747A CN 110501817 A CN110501817 A CN 110501817A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0944—Diffractive optical elements, e.g. gratings, holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
- G02B27/0966—Cylindrical lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1313—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells specially adapted for a particular application
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for generating space-time vortex light field and the detection methods of space-time vortex light field, by applying vortex phase to chirped ultrashort laser pulses in spatial frequency-frequency surface, to generate vortex light field in time-space face.It can be interfered again with measured space-time vortex light field by reference to ultrafast pulse, the intensity distribution of measurement and recording interference fringe, finally by the interference fringe that the several hundred slices on time dimension are formed, the phase distribution information of space-time vortex light field and the three-dimensional intensity distribution information of empty vortex light field are rebuild.It does not need easily generate the space-time vortex light field with controllable purely lateral optical rail angular momentum using complicated nonlinear effect, luminous energy flows in room and time dimension, the application prospect with novel and unique；The method of the present invention also extends to other spectral regions even other physical fields with wave characteristic, and initiative method is provided for the physical field that there is space-time to be vortexed for research in wider scope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical technology, in particular to a kind of method and space-time vortex light for generating space-time vortex light field
The detection method of field.
Background technique
It is well known that light has the linear momentum along the direction of propagation.In addition, light also has angular momentum.The angular momentum packet of light
Include spin angular momentaum relevant to circular polarization and orbital angular momentum relevant with vortex phase.The spin angular momentaum of light is usually vertical
To.Longitudinal spin angular momentaum of light corresponds to two states of Left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization.In recent years, the lateral spin of light
Angular momentum starts to be found, for example, tightly focused light beam and waveguide evanescent wave.The peculiar property quilt of lateral spin angular momentaum
Gradually it is applied to the new directions such as spin(-)orbit angle momentum coupling, quantum optices communication and optical tweezer.
On the other hand, optical rail angular momentum and the property of optical spin angular momentum are completely different.Optical rail angular momentum
Usually apply helical phase in the cross section of light beam and generate, the phase changing capacity which rotates a circle is usually 2
Integral multiple, this integer is referred to as topological charge.The direction of rotation of helical phase corresponds to the sign of topological charge.Helical phase
Center is a phase singularity, intensity 0, therefore the light distribution of beam cross-section to be annular, such to have vortex phase
The Poynting vector of light field there is cross stream component, the cross stream component of the Poynting vector of different location is surround on cross section
Phase singularity.Only different there are two state from optical spin angular momentum, the number of the state of optical rail angular momentum is infinite, because
Topological charge can take arbitrary integer.It is logical that optical rail angular momentum can be applied to optical tweezer, super-resolution microscope and high-speed light
Letter.
The direction of above-mentioned optical rail angular momentum is longitudinal, and the research of lateral optical orbital angular momentum is also very dilute
It is few.Limited theoretical work shows that lateral optical orbital angular momentum may exist in the form of space-time vortex light field.In high function
In the nonlinear interaction of rate pulse laser and air, sub-fraction energy has in meridional plane internal circulation flow, formation
The space-time vortex light field of lateral optical orbital angular momentum.Above-mentioned experiment needs complicated nonlinear interaction, and only
Sub-fraction energy has lateral optical orbital angular momentum, is not suitable for practical application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the application problem of space-time vortex light field, propose a kind of method for generating space-time vortex light field and
The detection method of space-time vortex light field carries out space-time Fourier transformation using mode locking chirped pulse and liquid crystal light modulator, generates
Space-time vortex light field.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of method for generating space-time vortex light field, by spatial frequency-frequency surface,
Vortex phase is applied to the chirped pulse that femto-second laser issues, to generate vortex light field in time-space face.
It is described in spatial frequency-frequency surface, vortex phase specific method is applied to chirped pulse: firstly, femto-second laser
The chirped pulse of sending successively passes through diffraction grating and cylindrical lens carry out the Fourier transformation of time-frequency domain, is again incident on liquid
Brilliant optical modulator applies vortex phase in spatial frequency-frequency surface.
The vortex phase of the liquid crystal light modulator is controllable, can use arbitrary topological charge, and the position of phase singularity
It may be selected.
The chirped pulse is the chirped pulse that the pulsewidth that mode locking femto-second laser generates is 3ps.
The chirped pulse successively passes through diffraction grating and cylindrical lens carry out the Fourier transformation of time-frequency domain, reenters
It is mapped to liquid crystal light modulator and applies vortex phase in spatial frequency-frequency surface, finally complete space-sky in the propagation of free space
Between frequency Fourier transformation, free-space propagation distance be greater than Rayleigh distance, complete two dimensions of space-time Fourier transformation,
Generate space-time vortex light field.
The detection method for the space-time vortex light field that the method generates, the chirped pulse that mode locking femto-second laser generates pass through
Spectroscope and one group of grating form the reference ultrafast pulse of 90fs, the three-dimensional for space-time vortex light field to Pulse Compression is carried out
Intensity distribution measurement；The position of grating pair is controlled by automatically controlled displacement platform, so that with reference to ultrafast pulse and measured space-time whirlpool
Optically-active field is interfered, and with the intensity distribution of camera measurement and recording interference fringe；Utilize reference ultrafast pulse and space-time whirlpool
The interference fringe that several hundred slice of the optically-active field on time dimension is formed, rebuilds the phase distribution information of space-time vortex light field,
It can also be used to rebuild the three-dimensional intensity distribution information of space-time vortex light field.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention generates the detection of the method and space-time vortex light field of space-time vortex light field
Method does not need easily generate using complicated nonlinear effect with controllable purely lateral optical rail angular momentum
Space-time vortex light field, luminous energy flow in room and time dimension, the application prospect with novel and unique；This generation space-time whirlpool
The method of optically-active field also extends to the even other physical fields with wave characteristic of other spectral regions, in wider scope
The physical field that there is space-time to be vortexed for interior research provides initiative method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration for the method that the present invention generates space-time vortex light field；
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of present invention measurement space-time vortex light field phase distribution and three-dimensional intensity distribution；
Fig. 3 is the reconstruction figure of space-time vortex light field three-dimensional intensity distribution provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the reconstruction figure of two-dimensional phase distribution of the space-time vortex light field provided by the invention in time-space face.
Specific embodiment
A method of space-time vortex light field being generated, by being applied to chirped ultrashort laser pulses in spatial frequency-frequency surface
Add vortex phase, to generate vortex light field in time-space face.It again can be with measured space-time whirlpool by reference to ultrafast pulse
Optically-active field is interfered, the intensity distribution of measurement and recording interference fringe, finally by the several hundred slices on time dimension
The interference fringe of formation rebuilds the phase distribution information of space-time vortex light field and the three-dimensional intensity distribution information of empty vortex light field.
It is a kind of as shown in Figure 1 to utilize mode locking chirped pulse 1 and liquid crystal light modulator 4, space-time Fourier transformation is carried out, is generated
The method of space-time vortex light field 6.Mode locking chirped pulse 1 is carried out by diffraction grating 2 and cylindrical lens 3 in Fu of time-frequency domain
Leaf transformation, liquid crystal light modulator 4 apply vortex phase in spatial frequency-frequency surface.
Preferably, liquid crystal light modulator 4 has 4K resolution ratio, can apply the vortex phase that topological charge is positive or is negative
Position.The singular point of vortex phase is located at the middle position of hot spot on liquid crystal light modulator 4.Diffraction grating 2 is at a distance from cylindrical lens 3
The focal length of cylindrical lens 3.Liquid crystal light modulator 4 is the focal length of cylindrical lens 3 at a distance from cylindrical lens 3.
Preferably, the pulsewidth of incident chirped pulse 1 is wider (3ps), to cover on liquid crystal light modulator 4
Biggish area, to apply accurate vortex phase control in spatial frequency-frequency surface.
Preferably, after spatial frequency-frequency surface applies vortex phase, light wave packet passes through cylindrical lens 3 and diffraction light
Grid 2 carry out the Fourier transformation in time-domain.At the same time, light wave packet is greater than longer distance in free-space propagation and (is greater than
Rayleigh distance) to complete the Fourier transformation on a Spatial Dimension.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, a kind of utilization mode locking chirped pulse 1 and liquid crystal light modulator 4 provided in this embodiment,
Space-time Fourier transformation is carried out, the method for generating space-time vortex light field 6.Mode locking chirped pulse 1 passes through diffraction grating 2 and cylindrical lens
3 carry out the Fourier transformation of time-frequency domain, and liquid crystal light modulator 4 applies vortex phase in spatial frequency-frequency surface.Liquid crystal
Light field on optical modulator 4 can use gR(r) it indicates.After spatial frequency-frequency surface applies vortex phase, light wave packet passes through column
Lens 3 and diffraction grating 2 carry out the Fourier transformation in time-domain.At the same time, light wave packet free-space propagation be greater than compared with
Long distance (being greater than Rayleigh distance) is to complete the Fourier transformation on a Spatial Dimension.The Fourier of two dimensions of space-time
Transformation can be indicated by following formula:
Wherein, (r, θ) is spatial frequency-frequency surface polar coordinates；Indicate Fourier transformation；Wherein JmIt is Bessel function of the first kind；M is the rank of Bessel function
The topological charge that several and space-time is vortexed；(ρ, φ) is time-space face polar coordinates.It can be seen that spatial frequency-frequency surface is applied
The vortex phase added is after two-dimension time-space Fourier transformation, when still having, that is, generating in time-space face
Empty vortex light field 6.
As shown in Figure 2 in the present embodiment, including incident mode locking chirped pulse 1, diffraction grating 2, cylindrical lens 3, liquid crystal light
Modulator 4, reflecting mirror 5, the space-time vortex light field 6 generated, mode-locked laser 7, beam splitter 8, beam splitter 9, reflecting mirror 10, grating
Reflecting mirror 12, camera 13 to 11, automatically controlled displacement.A part of chirped pulse that mode-locked laser 7 generates can pass through 8 He of spectroscope
One group of grating carries out Pulse Compression to 11, forms the reference ultrafast pulse of 90fs, the dimensional strength point for space-time vortex light field 6
Cloth measurement.By the control grating of automatically controlled displacement platform 12 to 11 position, can be vortexed with measured space-time with reference to ultrafast pulse
Light field 6 is interfered, and measures the intensity distribution with recording interference fringe with camera 13.
With reference to the interference fringe that the several hundred slices of ultrafast pulse and space-time vortex light field 6 on time dimension are formed, no
It only can be used to rebuild the phase distribution information of space-time vortex light field, can also be used to the dimensional strength for rebuilding space-time vortex light field
Distributed intelligence, as shown in Figure 3.The display (as shown in Figure 4) of the three-dimensional intensity distribution figure and two-dimensional phase distribution map of reconstruction, vortex light
In space-time face, there are the phase singularities that intensity is 0, it was demonstrated that the light wave packet generated has space-time vortex optical field characteristics.
In the present embodiment, space-time vortex light field 6 has controllable purely lateral optical rail angular momentum, and luminous energy is in room and time
It is flowed in dimension, the application prospect with novel and unique；This method for generating space-time vortex light field also extends to other light
The even other physical fields with wave characteristic of spectral limit mention for the physical field that there is space-time to be vortexed for research in wider scope
Initiative method is supplied.
In addition, the present invention has many advantages, such as principle reliably and is easy to implement, with substantive distinguishing features outstanding and significantly
Progressive can be widely applied to optical field.
It is last it is necessarily pointed out that: the foregoing is merely the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention
Protection scope be not limited thereto, anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention,
Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for generating space-time vortex light field, which is characterized in that by spatial frequency-frequency surface, to femtosecond laser
The chirped pulse that device issues applies vortex phase, to generate vortex light field in time-space face.
2. generating the method for space-time vortex light field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in spatial frequency-frequency
Face applies vortex phase specific method to chirped pulse: firstly, the chirped pulse that femto-second laser issues successively passes through diffraction light
Grid and cylindrical lens carry out the Fourier transformation of time-frequency domain, are again incident on liquid crystal light modulator and apply in spatial frequency-frequency surface
Add vortex phase.
3. generating the method for space-time vortex light field according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the whirlpool of the liquid crystal light modulator
It is controllable to revolve phase, can use arbitrary topological charge, and the position of phase singularity also may be selected.
4. the method according to claim 1 or claim 2 for generating space-time vortex light field, which is characterized in that the chirped pulse is lock
The pulsewidth that mould femto-second laser generates is the chirped pulse of 3ps.
5. generating the method for space-time vortex light field according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the chirped pulse successively passes through
Diffraction grating and cylindrical lens carry out the Fourier transformation of time-frequency domain, are again incident on liquid crystal light modulator in spatial frequency-frequency
Rate face applies vortex phase, finally completes space-spatial frequency Fourier transformation in the propagation of free space, free space passes
It broadcasts distance and is greater than Rayleigh distance, complete the Fourier transformation of two dimensions of space-time, generate space-time vortex light field.
6. the detection method for the space-time vortex light field that method generates according to claim 5, which is characterized in that mode locking femtosecond swashs
The chirped pulse that light device generates, to Pulse Compression is carried out, forms the reference ultrafast pulse of 90fs by spectroscope and one group of grating,
Three-dimensional intensity distribution for space-time vortex light field measures；The position of grating pair is controlled by automatically controlled displacement platform, so that with reference to super
Fast pulse is interfered with measured space-time vortex light field, and with the intensity distribution of camera measurement and recording interference fringe；Benefit
The interference fringe formed with the several hundred slices of reference ultrafast pulse and space-time vortex light field on time dimension, rebuilds space-time whirlpool
The phase distribution information of optically-active field can also be used to the three-dimensional intensity distribution information for rebuilding space-time vortex light field.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN113223744A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-06 | 太原理工大学 | Optical micro-control device and method for ultrafast regulation and control of vector vortex light field |
| CN113534475A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-22 | 上海理工大学 | Method for generating Bessel space-time wave packet and Bessel space-time vortex wave packet |
| CN113805347A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-17 | 上海理工大学 | Method for mapping space phase to space-time light field time-space domain phase |
| CN115047620A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-13 | 上海理工大学 | Method for generating time-space wave packet of quasi-toroidal polarization topological structure under strong focusing condition |
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| CN115047620A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-13 | 上海理工大学 | Method for generating time-space wave packet of quasi-toroidal polarization topological structure under strong focusing condition |
| CN115047620B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2023-06-27 | 上海理工大学 | Method for generating space-time wave packet with quasi-supercircular polarization topological structure under strong focusing condition |
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