CN110501737B - Absorption type spectral line target source selection method - Google Patents
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- CN110501737B CN110501737B CN201910596474.XA CN201910596474A CN110501737B CN 110501737 B CN110501737 B CN 110501737B CN 201910596474 A CN201910596474 A CN 201910596474A CN 110501737 B CN110501737 B CN 110501737B
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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Abstract
The invention discloses an absorption type spectral line target source selection method, which starts with navigation target source space distribution according to the requirement of deep space exploration implementation tasks and closely combines the characteristics of an astronomical speed measurement scheme, completes index analysis and decomposition related to target source parameters, screens and compares alternative body radiation flux selection, alternative body characteristic spectral line bandwidth selection, alternative body characteristic spectral line width selection, alternative body characteristic spectral line center frequency point selection, alternative body characteristic spectral line absorption depth selection, alternative body characteristic spectral line isolation degree selection, alternative body characteristic spectral line stability selection and the like, and finally determines an alternative body with the highest index requirement and scheme matching degree as a navigation reference. The invention can be used for the design and development of a novel asymmetric space heterodyne type astronomical interference speed measurement navigation speed meter and a navigation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace navigation, and particularly relates to an absorption type spectral line target source selection method.
Background
The research and acquisition of the navigation reference are the first links for developing astronomical autonomous speed measurement navigation by using the star radiation spectrum and ensuring the navigation precision.
In fact, whether it is astronomical navigation, GPS navigation or ground navigation, accurate authentication and control of navigation sources are prerequisites for developing navigation positioning. The accurate ephemeris of the celestial body can be obtained through a ground and space-based observation means, the radiation characteristics, the quality, the volume and other physical parameters of the ephemeris can also be obtained through a direct observation and inversion mode, and the information is a physical basis for developing astronomical navigation.
The specification provides an absorption spectrum line target source selection method aiming at asymmetric spatial heterodyne interference speed measurement, which is a method for acquiring and processing a navigation target source radiation signal on the basis of a spatial heterodyne interference method under an asymmetric condition, extracting the movement amount of a radiation spectrum under the action of relative movement on the basis of the acquired signal, calculating the relative movement speed and providing observed quantity for an astronomical speed measurement navigation method. The absorption type spectral line navigation target source is combined with a speed measurement scheme to provide requirements for relevant performance indexes, and a selection criterion of the absorption type spectral line navigation target source under the method is formed.
In order to confirm the mechanism and method of error generation, transmission, compensation and inhibition in the whole process of astronomical velocity measurement autonomous navigation, and to achieve and meet the velocity measurement navigation precision to guide engineering design and development, the characteristics and requirements of a navigation target source head need to be analyzed and researched. Starting from the principle of the asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement method, source end factors influencing velocity measurement precision facing an absorption type spectral line navigation target source are combed, various influencing factor indexes of the source end are reasonably distributed according to index requirements, and finally a selection criterion of the absorption type spectral line navigation target source is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical requirements, the present invention provides an absorption spectrum line target source selection method aiming at asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement, which is suitable for deep space and near-earth spacecraft design using an asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement navigation method.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an absorption type spectral line target source selection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing requirement analysis of an astronomical navigation task under the background of a deep space exploration task, and completing error index distribution aiming at a navigation target source under an asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement method system by combining navigation index requirements;
s2, consulting a reference star library, roughly selecting partial absorption type candidate bodies, and selecting according to the azimuth distribution of the sky area, the radiation flux of the candidate bodies, the characteristic spectral line bandwidth of the candidate bodies, the characteristic spectral line width of the candidate bodies, the line center frequency point of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies, the absorption depth of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies, the isolation of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies and the stability of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies;
and S3, after the measurement and statistics of each index are completed, giving a comprehensive index selection conclusion, comparing the comprehensive index with the precision distribution index of the asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement method, determining the navigation target source as an available navigation target source if the comprehensive index is met, and replacing the target source celestial body to select a new round if the comprehensive index is not met.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, based on the step 1, observing more than three spatial alternatives at the same time according to the target source observation conditions and characteristics of the speed measurement and navigation system, and solving the state according to the observation equation; the azimuth vectors of the three candidates under the reference coordinate system of the spacecraft body are orthogonal in pairs;
s22, analyzing the radiation flux of the selected candidate from the energy perception angle to match the signal-to-noise ratio requirement corresponding to the speed measurement precision index;
s23, considering the characteristics of the alternative radiation signal, mainly considering the requirement of the signal-to-noise ratio index of the system on the input signal, considering the limitation of the signal quality of the interference system on the incident bandwidth, completing the selection of the radiation signal bandwidth, and matching the speed measurement precision index of the system;
s24, analyzing and comparing the influence of the absorption spectral line profile on the quality of the interference fringes based on the asymmetric space heterodyne interference speed measurement principle; for the requirement of spectral line width, narrow line width under the same condition is adopted as a preferred condition to obtain a better coherence length and improve the speed measurement precision;
s25, selecting a specific position according to the relation between the Doppler phase shift quantity loaded by the interference image and the frequency point of the characteristic absorption spectrum line of the candidate body; higher wave numbers (reciprocal of frequency point wavelength) will correspond to higher speed measurement accuracy.
S26, examining the absorption depth of the characteristic absorption spectral line of the candidate body; the higher the absorption depth is, the more obvious the absorption spectral line profile characteristics are, and the longer the corresponding interference fringe coherence length is, the more favorable the speed measurement precision is;
s27, considering signal-to-noise ratio and interference image quality, and inspecting the condition of multiple absorption lines in the line width range of the candidate body; the larger the isolation degree (wave number interval) between spectral lines is, the more obvious the characteristics are, and the longer the corresponding interference fringe coherence length is, the more favorable the improvement of the speed measurement precision is.
And S28, screening and analyzing the absorption type candidate body spectral line physical characteristics. In combination with the background of engineering applications, the temporal stability of the instrument is strictly defined. The stability performance of the parameters involved in the 6 steps is an important factor for selecting and finally determining the asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocimetry absorption type navigation target source and the characteristic spectral line thereof.
The method for selecting the absorption spectrum target source by taking asymmetric spatial heterodyne interference speed measurement as the target fully follows the objectivity of existence and operation of natural celestial bodies, takes actual engineering tasks as traction, and selects the best according to the minimum error thought within a range capable of being selected. The method can be used as the primary component of the error control of the whole process of the asymmetric space heterodyne interference speed measurement navigation system.
The invention has clear principle and definite process, is an important component of the novel astronomical autonomous navigation method of the spacecraft with the deep space exploration task as the background, is closely combined with the engineering application requirement and the realization process, enhances the feasibility and the guidance for developing the design of the asymmetric space heterodyne type interference speed measurement navigation system, avoids the subversion of the system design and has wide and important practical significance.
Compared with the selection requirements of other astronomical autonomous navigation methods aiming at the target source, the method has the following characteristics and advantages: based on the Doppler effect of light waves, the relative speed between the spacecraft and the navigation target source is obtained by calculating through measuring the spectral line movement amount caused by the relative movement between the spacecraft and the navigation target source, and the method is a basic premise for implementing the speed measurement and navigation method. Meanwhile, the invention closely combines the actual radiation characteristic of the celestial body, and provides direct reference for the engineering implementation of the astronomical velocity measurement autonomous navigation method in the face of the universality of the characteristic spectral line of the alternative body as the absorption line.
The invention provides a new speed measurement navigation method which can effectively promote the experimental research and the engineering development of the novel speed measurement navigation method taking the absorption target source spectral line as the measurement object, is the necessary process and the requirement for developing the deep space exploration navigation work, and fills the technical blank in the implementation process of the astronomical speed measurement navigation scheme in the world and the country.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for selecting an absorption spectrum target source with an asymmetric spatial heterodyne interference velocity measurement as an objective, including the following steps:
s1, performing requirement analysis of an astronomical navigation task under the background of a deep space exploration task, and completing error index distribution aiming at a navigation target source under an asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement method system by combining navigation index requirements.
S2, consulting a reference star library, roughly selecting partial absorption type candidate bodies, and selecting according to the azimuth distribution of the sky area, the radiation flux of the candidate bodies, the characteristic spectral line bandwidth of the candidate bodies, the characteristic spectral line width of the candidate bodies, the line center frequency point of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies, the absorption depth of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies, the isolation of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies and the stability of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies.
And S3, after the measurement and statistics of each index are completed, giving a comprehensive index selection conclusion, comparing the comprehensive index with the precision distribution index of the asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement method, determining the navigation target source as an available navigation target source if the comprehensive index is met, and replacing the target source celestial body to select a new round if the comprehensive index is not met.
The selection principle for the physical characteristics of the target source celestial body in step S2 is as follows:
1) the azimuth distribution of the sky area: under the condition that measurement errors exist in the speed measurement precision of the relative movement speed, in order to solve through an observation equation to obtain the spacecraft operation speed error, the control is lowest, and the three navigation targets are derived from the azimuth vectors under the spacecraft body reference coordinate system and are orthogonal in pairs;
2) alternative body radiant flux: as the asymmetric space heterodyne interference speed measurement method belongs to an energy detection method, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is used as an important index for control. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the observation time and the system updating rate, the radiation flux of the candidate body should take the high value as the selection requirement;
3) candidate volume characteristic spectral line bandwidth:
due to the ubiquitous star absorption spectrum, the objective reality that the emission spectrum is difficult to obtain is realized, and the analysis of the line type of the absorption spectrum and the main parameters thereof needs to be enhanced. Under the condition that the radiation flux of the candidate body is constant, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system can be effectively improved by properly increasing the bandwidth of the spectral line, but the broadband causes the coherent length of the interference image to be degraded, so that the balance is needed. Within the threshold range of the signal-to-noise ratio, the bandwidth should not be too high.
4) Line width of the candidate body characteristic spectral line:
according to the sidereal radiation spectrum generation mechanism and the spectral line broadening mechanism, the absorption spectral line type in the continuous spectrum is ubiquitous and the Gaussian line type accounts for the most part. Therefore, the relationship between the high linear function and the line width and the line center frequency point needs to be studied under the normalized condition. Under the condition of not considering other physical parameters for the moment, the analysis shows that the narrow line width is more beneficial to the interference image quality than the wide line width.
5) Line center frequency points of the candidate body characteristic spectral lines:
according to the asymmetric spatial heterodyne interference speed measurement method, the relation between the line center frequency point position and the speed measurement precision, under the condition that the Gaussian line type is used as the line type characteristic and other physical parameters are not considered temporarily, the method can be known to be more beneficial to the quality of an interference image when the line center frequency point wave number is higher.
6) The absorption depth of the candidate body characteristic spectral line;
according to the asymmetric spatial heterodyne interferometric velocity measurement method, under the condition that a Gaussian line type is used as a line type characteristic and other physical parameters are not considered temporarily, the deeper absorption depth is more favorable for the quality of an interferometric image, and meanwhile, the influence of the increase of the absorption depth on energy weakening needs to be considered for response compensation adjustment.
7) The isolation of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate body;
spectral line isolation is based on the presence of multiple absorption spectral lines within a certain bandwidth. When a gaussian line is used as a line characteristic and other physical parameters are not considered, it is known that the higher the frequency isolation of the spectral lines is, the more advantageous the quality of the interference image is.
8) And (3) stability of characteristic spectral line of the candidate body: as a measuring instrument, the time-varying characteristics and stability of internal and external parameters of the system need to be controlled within a certain range to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of relative speed measurement. The selection of the candidate body puts forward specific requirements from the engineering perspective, and a characteristic spectral line which is more stable in performance is preferably selected as a selected object.
The method visually realizes the absorption type target source selection method taking asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement as a target, can provide reference and input for final determination of system parameters and guarantee of velocity measurement precision in the process of system demonstration, and meets the requirements of front-end and back-end parameter matching and on-orbit adaptability required by system design.
The embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An absorption type spectral line target source selection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing requirement analysis of an astronomical navigation task under the background of a deep space exploration task, and completing error index distribution aiming at a navigation target source under an asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement method system by combining navigation index requirements;
s2, consulting a reference star library, roughly selecting partial absorption type candidate bodies, and selecting according to the azimuth distribution of the sky area, the radiation flux of the candidate bodies, the characteristic spectral line bandwidth of the candidate bodies, the characteristic spectral line width of the candidate bodies, the line center frequency point of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies, the absorption depth of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies, the isolation of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies and the stability of the characteristic spectral line of the candidate bodies;
s3, after the measurement and statistics of each index are completed, giving a comprehensive index selection conclusion, comparing the comprehensive index with the precision distribution index of the asymmetric space heterodyne interference velocity measurement method, if the comprehensive index is met, determining the navigation target source as an available navigation target source, and if the comprehensive index is not met, replacing the target source celestial body to perform a new round of selection;
for the candidate volume characteristic spectral line bandwidth: the method is used for carrying out balance between the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio and the coherence length of the interference image under the condition that the radiation flux of the candidate body is certain;
for the candidate volume characteristic line absorption depth: the method is used for responding and compensating the quality of the relevant interference image and the influence on energy attenuation;
for the candidate volume characteristic spectral line isolation: for the quality of the relevant interference image.
2. The absorption spectrum line target source selection method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the steps of:
s21, based on the step 1, observing more than three spatial alternatives at the same time according to the target source observation conditions and characteristics of the speed measurement and navigation system, and solving the state according to the observation equation; the azimuth vectors of the three candidates under the reference coordinate system of the spacecraft body are orthogonal in pairs;
s22, analyzing the radiation flux of the selected candidate from the energy perception angle to match the signal-to-noise ratio requirement corresponding to the speed measurement precision index;
s23, considering the characteristics of the alternative radiation signal, mainly considering the requirement of the signal-to-noise ratio index of the system on the input signal, considering the limitation of the signal quality of the interference system on the incident bandwidth, completing the selection of the radiation signal bandwidth, and matching the speed measurement precision index of the system;
s24, analyzing and comparing the influence of the absorption spectral line profile on the quality of the interference fringes based on the asymmetric space heterodyne interference speed measurement principle; for the requirement of spectral line width, narrow line width under the same condition is adopted as a preferred condition to obtain a better coherence length and improve the speed measurement precision;
s25, selecting a specific position according to the relation between the Doppler phase shift quantity loaded by the interference image and the frequency point of the characteristic absorption spectrum line of the candidate body;
s26, examining the absorption depth of the characteristic absorption spectral line of the candidate body;
s27, considering signal-to-noise ratio and interference image quality, and inspecting the condition of multiple absorption lines in the line width range of the candidate body;
and S28, screening and analyzing the absorption type candidate body spectral line physical characteristics.
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