CN110500808B - Electric cooling combined supply system - Google Patents
Electric cooling combined supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110500808B CN110500808B CN201810467948.6A CN201810467948A CN110500808B CN 110500808 B CN110500808 B CN 110500808B CN 201810467948 A CN201810467948 A CN 201810467948A CN 110500808 B CN110500808 B CN 110500808B
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- heat exchanger
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Inorganic materials [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/04—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being ammonia evaporated from aqueous solution
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
- Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric cooling combined supply system, which comprises: a raw material supply subsystem, a fuel cell power generation subsystem, a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a rankine cycle power generation subsystem, a refrigeration subsystem, the raw material supply subsystem for supplying raw material to a fuel cell of the fuel cell power generation subsystem and having a raw material heat exchanger group; wherein the fuel gas outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the fuel gas inlet of the combustion chamber; the outlet of the gas turbine is connected with the hot side inlet of the raw material heat exchanger group and the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler, and the hot side outlet of the raw material heat exchanger group is connected with the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler; the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler and the outlet of the steam turbine are respectively connected with the refrigeration subsystem. The electric cooling combined supply system of the invention couples and connects the refrigeration subsystem and the plurality of power generation subsystems, can realize the effective utilization of high, medium and low temperature heat sources, has high fuel utilization rate, and can adjust the cold-electricity ratio by adjusting the exhaust gas quantity of two branches of the gas turbine exhaust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy utilization, and particularly relates to an electric and cold combined supply system.
Background
A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is a high-efficiency clean power generation device, belonging to a high-temperature fuel cell. The power generation efficiency is high, common fuel gases such as pipeline natural gas, city gas and the like can be adopted as input fuel, the fuel can be combined and used in a modularized mode according to the size of the requirement, the heat rejection temperature is high, and the waste heat utilization value is high, so that the fuel has great utilization potential in the field of distributed energy supply.
As the exhaust temperature of the SOFC can reach more than 800 ℃, the SOFC has stronger working capacity, and therefore, the maximum utilization of the energy value of the SOFC is difficult to realize if the SOFC is directly used for heat recovery. In addition, the exhaust gas contains fuel gas which is not completely combusted, so that the SOFC exhaust gas is fully combusted by the combustion chamber and then sent to a micro Gas Turbine (GT) for functional recovery (i.e. sofc+gt cycle) so as to improve the power generation efficiency of the whole system.
The micro gas turbine exhaust can reach 300 ℃, is a sensible heat source, is directly used for refrigeration in the related technology, has low utilization rate, cannot adjust the ratio of refrigeration capacity to power generation, and has room for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the electric cooling combined supply system, which has high fuel utilization rate and can adjust the cooling-electricity ratio.
According to an embodiment of the invention, an electric cooling combined supply system comprises: a raw material supply subsystem, a fuel cell power generation subsystem, a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a rankine cycle power generation subsystem, a refrigeration subsystem, the raw material supply subsystem for supplying raw material to a fuel cell of the fuel cell power generation subsystem and having a raw material heat exchanger bank; the gas turbine power generation subsystem comprises a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a first generator which are connected; the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem comprises a waste heat boiler, a steam ventilation device and a second power generator which are connected; wherein the fuel gas outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the inlet of the combustion chamber; the outlet of the gas turbine is connected with the hot side inlet of the raw material heat exchanger group and the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler, and the hot side outlet of the raw material heat exchanger group is connected with the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler; and the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler and the outlet of the steam turbine are respectively connected with the refrigeration subsystem.
The electric cooling combined supply system of the invention couples and connects the refrigeration subsystem and the plurality of power generation subsystems, can realize the effective utilization of high, medium and low temperature heat sources, has high fuel utilization rate, and can adjust the cold-electricity ratio by adjusting the exhaust gas quantity of two branches of the gas turbine exhaust.
According to the electric cooling combined supply system, the gas turbine power generation subsystem further comprises a flue gas diverter, an inlet of the flue gas diverter is connected with an outlet of the gas turbine, a first outlet of the flue gas diverter is connected with a hot side inlet of the raw material heat exchanger group, and a second outlet of the flue gas diverter is connected with a hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the raw material heat exchanger set comprises: a fuel inlet of the reformer is used for introducing fuel, and a fuel outlet of the reformer is connected with an anode inlet of the fuel cell; the cold side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is used for introducing oxidizing gas, and the cold side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is connected with the cathode inlet of the fuel cell; the cold side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger is used for introducing water, and the cold side outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of the reformer; the flue gas inlet of the reformer is connected with the outlet of the gas turbine, the flue gas outlet of the reformer is connected with the hot side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger, the hot side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is connected with the hot side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger, and the hot side outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the raw material supply subsystem comprises: a fuel compressor, an outlet of the fuel compressor being connected to a fuel inlet of the reformer; the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the cold side inlet of the air-air heat exchanger; and the outlet of the water pump is connected with the cold side inlet of the air-water heat exchanger.
According to the electric cooling combined supply system of the embodiment of the invention, the cold side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is connected with the oxidant inlet of the combustion chamber, and the outlet of the fuel compressor is connected with the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the electric cooling combined supply system further comprises: and a desulfurizer connected between the outlet of the fuel compressor and the fuel inlet of the reformer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the inlet of the gas turbine and to the hot side inlet of the feed heat exchanger bank.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the electric cooling combined supply system further comprises: the inlet of the steam diverter is connected with the cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler, the first outlet of the steam diverter is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine, and the second outlet of the steam diverter is connected with the outlet of the steam turbine.
According to the electric cooling combined supply system, a steam valve is arranged between the second outlet of the steam diverter and the outlet of the steam turbine.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the refrigeration subsystem comprises: reboiler, low-pressure solution pump, solution heat exchanger, rectifying tower, second condenser, subcooler, ammonia throttle valve, evaporator, absorber and solution throttle valve; the hot side outlet of the reboiler is connected with the outlet of the steam turbine, the hot side outlet of the reboiler is connected with the hot side inlet of a first condenser of the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, the hot side outlet of the first condenser is connected with the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler through a high pressure solution pump of the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, the cold side outlet of the reboiler is connected with the hot side inlet of the solution heat exchanger, the hot side outlet of the solution heat exchanger is connected with the hot side inlet of the absorber through the solution throttle valve, the hot side outlet of the absorber is connected with the cold side inlet of the solution heat exchanger through the low pressure solution pump, the cold side outlet of the solution heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the rectifying tower, the steam outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the hot side inlet of the second condenser, the hot side outlet of the second condenser is connected with the hot side inlet of the supercooling device, the hot side outlet of the supercooling device is connected with the cold side inlet of the supercooling device through the supercooling device, and the hot side outlet of the supercooling device is connected with the cold side inlet of the cold side of the supercooling device.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
A fuel compressor 1, a desulfurizer 2, a reformer 3, a water pump 4, a gas-water heat exchanger 5, an air compressor 6 and a gas-gas heat exchanger 7;
A fuel cell 8, an inverter 9;
A combustion chamber 10, a gas turbine 11, a first generator 12, a flue gas splitter 13;
a waste heat boiler 14, a steam splitter 15, a steam turbine 16 and a second generator 17;
The system comprises a steam valve 18, a reboiler 19, a first condenser 20, a high-pressure solution pump 21, a low-pressure solution pump 22, a solution heat exchanger 23, a rectifying tower 24, a second condenser 25, a subcooler 26, an ammonia throttle valve 27, an evaporator 28, an absorber 29 and a solution throttle valve 30.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
An electric cooling co-supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric cooling combined supply system includes: a raw material supply subsystem, a fuel cell power generation subsystem, a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a rankine cycle power generation subsystem, and a refrigeration subsystem.
The raw material supply subsystem is used for supplying raw materials to the fuel cells 8 of the fuel cell power generation subsystem, for example, when the fuel cells 8 are solid oxide fuel cells, the raw materials can comprise common fuels such as pipeline natural gas, city gas and the like, water, oxidants and the like, the oxidants can be air, the raw material supply subsystem is provided with a raw material heat exchanger group, and the raw material heat exchanger group can comprise a plurality of sub heat exchangers, and the raw material heat exchanger group is used for heating the raw materials.
The fuel cell power generation subsystem may include a fuel cell 8 and an inverter 9, the raw materials provided by the raw material supply subsystem undergo electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell 8 to generate electric energy, the fuel cell 8 may be a solid oxide fuel cell, and the solid oxide fuel cell is a power generation device with high efficiency and cleanliness, belongs to one of high-temperature fuel cells, and has high power generation efficiency.
The gas turbine power generation subsystem comprises a combustion chamber 10, a gas turbine 11 and a first power generator 12, a gas outlet of the fuel cell 8 is connected with an inlet of the combustion chamber 10, flue gas discharged by the fuel cell 8 can enter the combustion chamber 10 for further combustion, an outlet of the combustion chamber 10 is connected with an inlet of the gas turbine 11, the gas turbine 11 is in power coupling connection with the first power generator 12, and the gas turbine 11 can drive the first power generator 12 to generate power.
The outlet of the gas turbine 11 is connected to the hot side inlet of the feed heat exchanger package, and a portion of the flue gas exiting the gas turbine 11 is used to heat the feed through the feed heat exchanger package.
The Rankine cycle power generation subsystem comprises a waste heat boiler 14, a steam turbine 16 and a second generator 17, wherein an outlet of the gas turbine 11 is connected with a hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14, a hot side outlet of a raw material heat exchanger group is connected with the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14, waste gas can be discharged from the hot side outlet of the waste heat boiler 14, a cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler 14 is connected with an inlet of the steam turbine 16, steam output from the cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler 14 can drive the steam turbine 16 to move, the steam turbine 16 is connected with the second generator 17 in a power coupling manner, and the steam turbine 16 can drive the second generator 12 to generate power. Steam exiting steam turbine 16 may be recycled back to the cold side inlet of waste heat boiler 14.
That is, the outlet of the gas turbine 11 is connected to the hot side inlet of the raw material heat exchanger group and the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14, in other words, the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 11 is divided into two branches, the flue gas in one branch exchanges heat with the raw material gas before entering the waste heat boiler 14, and the flue gas in the other branch directly enters the waste heat boiler 14, so that not only can the hot side of the waste heat boiler 14 be ensured to have a sufficient heat source, but also the raw material can be heated by the high-temperature flue gas exhausted by the gas turbine 11, and then the medium-low-temperature flue gas exhausted by the raw material heat exchanger group is utilized by the waste heat boiler 14, so that the exhaust heat of the gas turbine 11 can be utilized in a graded and efficient manner.
In some embodiments, the gas turbine power generation subsystem further comprises a flue gas splitter 13, an inlet of the flue gas splitter 13 being connected to an outlet of the gas turbine 11, a first outlet of the flue gas splitter 13 being connected to a hot side inlet of the feedstock heat exchanger bank, and a second outlet of the flue gas splitter 13 being connected to a hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14. The flue gas splitter 13 can adjust the proportion of flue gas output to the raw material heat exchanger group and the waste heat boiler 14.
The cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14 and the outlet of the steam turbine are respectively connected with the refrigeration subsystem, in other words, the steam discharged from the outlet of the steam turbine is used as a low-level heat source to drive the refrigeration subsystem to refrigerate, so that the high, medium and low-temperature heat sources are effectively utilized.
According to the electric cooling combined supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the refrigerating subsystem is coupled with the plurality of power generation subsystems, so that the effective utilization of high, medium and low temperature heat sources can be realized, the utilization rate of fuel is high, and the cooling-electricity ratio can be adjusted by adjusting the exhaust gas quantity of the two branches of the gas turbine 11 exhaust.
In some embodiments, the feedstock supply subsystem comprises: the device comprises a raw material heat exchanger group, a desulfurizer 2, a fuel compressor 1, an air compressor 6 and a water pump 4, wherein the raw material heat exchanger group comprises a reformer 3, a gas-gas heat exchanger 7 and a gas-water heat exchanger 5.
The fuel inlet of the reformer 3 is for introducing fuel, for example, the outlet of the fuel compressor 1 is connected to the fuel inlet of the reformer 3, the fuel outlet of the reformer 3 is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell 8, and the desulfurizer 2 may be connected between the outlet of the fuel compressor 1 and the fuel inlet of the reformer 3.
The cold side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is used for introducing oxidizing gas, and the oxidizing gas can be air or oxygen, for example, the outlet of the air compressor 6 is connected with the cold side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7, the inlet of the air compressor 6 sucks air, the cold side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is connected with the cathode inlet of the fuel cell 8, and the cold side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is connected with the oxidant inlet of the combustion chamber 10.
The cold side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is used for introducing water, and the cold side outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is connected with the water inlet of the reformer 3, for example, the outlet of the water pump 4 is connected with the cold side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 5.
The flue gas inlet of the reformer 3 is connected with the outlet of the gas turbine 11, the flue gas outlet of the reformer 3 is connected with the hot side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7, the hot side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is connected with the hot side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 5, and the hot side outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 is connected with the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14. In other words, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the gas turbine 11 heats the reformed gas, air, and water in order, so that the temperature of the reformed gas can be provided, and the operation energy efficiency of the fuel cell 8 is high.
The cold side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 is connected to the oxidant inlet of the combustion chamber 10, the outlet of the fuel compressor 1 is connected to the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber 10, and specifically, the outlet of the desulfurizer 2 is connected to the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber 10. That is, the fuel supplied from the fuel compressor 1 is burned in addition to the flue gas discharged from the fuel cell 8 in the combustion chamber 10, so that the intake air temperature of the gas turbine 11 is high, the intake air amount is large, and the power generation of the first generator 12 is high.
The outlet of the combustion chamber 10 is connected to the inlet of the gas turbine 11 and to the hot side inlet of the raw material heat exchanger package, i.e. the outlet of the combustion chamber 10 is connected to the inlet of the gas turbine 11 and the outlet of the combustion chamber 10 is connected to the first outlet of the flue gas splitter 13. In other words, a part of the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber 10 directly drives the gas turbine 11 to rotate, a part of the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber 10 enters the raw material heat exchanger group to heat the raw material gas, and the power of the first generator 12 and the temperature of the raw material can be adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber 10 in two branches, so that the optimal temperature of the raw material entering the fuel cell 8 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the rankine cycle power generation subsystem further includes: the hot side outlet of the first condenser 20 is connected with the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14 through the high pressure solution pump 21, the inlet of the steam splitter 15 is connected with the cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler 14, the first outlet of the steam splitter 15 is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine 16, the second outlet of the steam splitter 15 is connected with the outlet of the steam turbine 16, and a steam valve 18 is arranged between the second outlet of the steam splitter 15 and the outlet of the steam turbine 16. By adjusting the distribution ratio of the steam discharged from the waste heat boiler 14, the ratio of the power generation amount of the second generator to the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem can be adjusted.
The refrigeration subsystem includes: reboiler 19, first condenser 20 solution heat exchanger 23, rectifying column 24, second condenser 25, subcooler 26, ammonia throttle valve 27, evaporator 28, absorber 29, and solution throttle valve 30; wherein the hot side inlet of reboiler 19 is connected to the outlet of steam turbine 16, the hot side outlet of reboiler 19 is connected to the hot side inlet of first condenser 20, the cold side outlet of reboiler 19 is connected to the hot side inlet of solution heat exchanger 23, the hot side outlet of solution heat exchanger 23 is connected to the hot side inlet of absorber 29 through solution throttle valve 30, the hot side outlet of absorber 29 is connected to the cold side inlet of solution heat exchanger 23 through low pressure solution pump 22, the cold side outlet of solution heat exchanger 23 is connected to the inlet of rectifying column 24, the steam outlet of rectifying column 24 is connected to the hot side inlet of second condenser 25, the hot side outlet of second condenser 25 is connected to the hot side inlet of subcooler 26, the hot side outlet of subcooler 26 is connected to the cold side inlet of evaporator 28 through ammonia throttle valve 27, the cold side outlet of evaporator 28 is connected to the cold side inlet of subcooler 26, and the cold side outlet of subcooler 26 is connected to the hot side inlet of absorber 29. The refrigerating subsystem can be ammonia water, and has simple structure and high refrigerating efficiency.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the combined electric and cooling system comprises a raw material supply subsystem, a fuel cell power generation subsystem, a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a Rankine cycle power generation subsystem and a refrigeration subsystem.
The raw material supply subsystem comprises a fuel compressor 1, a desulfurizer 2, a reformer 3, a water pump 4, a gas-water heat exchanger 5, an air compressor 6 and a gas-gas heat exchanger 7, the fuel cell power generation subsystem comprises a fuel cell 8 and an inverter 9, the gas turbine power generation subsystem comprises a combustion chamber 10, a gas turbine 11, a first generator 12 and a flue gas splitter 13, the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem comprises a waste heat boiler 14, a steam splitter 15, a steam turbine 16, a second generator 17, a first condenser 20 and a high-pressure solution pump 21, and the refrigeration subsystem comprises a steam valve 18, a reboiler 19, a low-pressure solution pump 22, a solution heat exchanger 23, a rectifying tower 24, a second condenser 25, a supercooler 26, an ammonia throttle valve 27, an evaporator 28, an absorber 29 and a solution throttle valve 30.
Wherein: the raw material supply subsystem is connected with the fuel cell power generation subsystem, the fuel cell power generation subsystem is connected with the gas turbine power generation subsystem, the gas turbine power generation subsystem is respectively connected with the heat exchanger in the raw material supply subsystem and the waste heat boiler in the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, and the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem is connected with the refrigeration subsystem.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the fuel compressor 1 and the air compressor 6 are gas compression devices for compressing fuel gas and air, respectively, wherein an outlet of the fuel compressor 1 is connected with an inlet of the desulfurizer 2, and an outlet of the air compressor 6 is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchanger 7.
In the above-described embodiment, the water pump 4 is a pressurizing device for the reforming water for pressurizing the water entering the reformer, and its outlet is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 5.
In the above-described embodiment, the desulfurizer 2 is a gas treatment apparatus for removing sulfur components from fuel gas, and its outlets are connected to the fuel inlet of the reformer 3 and the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber 10, respectively.
In the above-described embodiment, the reformer 3 is a fuel reforming apparatus for converting fuel gas into reformed gas suitable for use in a fuel cell, the fuel inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the desulfurizer 2, the water inlet is connected to the cold side outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 5, the flue gas inlet is connected to the first outlet of the flue gas splitter 13, and the flue gas outlet is connected to the hot side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger 7.
In the above scheme, the gas-water heat exchanger 5, the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 and the waste heat boiler 14 are fluid heat exchange devices, and are all used for recovering the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine 11. The hot side inlet and outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 5 are respectively connected with the flue gas outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 7 and the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 14, the hot side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger 7 is connected with the flue gas outlet of the reformer 3, the hot side inlet and outlet of the waste heat boiler 14 is respectively connected with the second outlet of the flue gas diverter 13 and the atmosphere, and the cold side inlet and outlet are respectively connected with the outlet of the high-pressure solution pump 21 and the inlet of the steam diverter 15.
In the above-described embodiment, the fuel cell 8 is an energy conversion device for converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy by electrochemical reaction of fuel gas and air, and has an anode outlet connected to a fuel inlet of the combustion chamber 10 and a cathode outlet connected to an air inlet of the combustion chamber 10.
In the above-described embodiment, the inverter 9 is a dc/ac conversion device for converting dc power generated by the fuel cell 8 into ac power and outputting the ac power.
In the above-described embodiment, the combustion chamber 10 is a fuel combustion device for fully combusting fuel gas which is not fully reflected in the anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell 8 and fuel gas which is post-combusted, and its fuel inlet is connected to the fuel cell fuel outlet and the desulfurizer outlet, and its air inlet is connected to the fuel cell air outlet and the gas heat exchanger 7 outlet, and its outlet is connected to the gas turbine 11 inlet and the flue gas splitter first outlet.
In the above scheme, the gas turbine 11 and the steam turbine 16 are heat power conversion devices respectively used for realizing expansion work of a flue gas working medium and an ammonia water steam mixed working medium, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the gas turbine 11 are respectively connected with a flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 10 and a hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14. The inlet and outlet of the steam turbine 16 are respectively connected with the first outlet of the steam splitter 15 and the hot side inlet of the reboiler 19.
In the above-described solution, the flue gas splitter 13 and the steam splitter 15 are fluid splitting devices for splitting flue gas and steam, respectively.
In the above-described scheme, the high-pressure solution pump 21 and the low-pressure solution pump 22 are liquid pressurizing devices for pressurizing the aqueous ammonia solution in the rankine cycle and the aqueous ammonia solution in the refrigeration cycle, respectively. Wherein the inlet and outlet of the high-pressure solution pump 21 are respectively connected with the hot side outlet of the first condenser 20 and the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler 14. The inlet and outlet of the low pressure solution pump 22 are connected to the hot side outlet of the absorber 29 and the cold side inlet of the solution heat exchanger 23, respectively.
In the above scheme, the first condenser 20 and the second condenser 25 are vapor condensing devices, and are respectively used for condensing the vapor of the ammonia vapor-liquid mixture and the pure ammonia vapor. Wherein the hot side inlet and outlet of the first condenser 20 are respectively connected with the hot side outlet of the reboiler 19 and the inlet of the high-pressure solution pump 21, and the cold side is an environmental hot trap. The hot side inlet and outlet of the second condenser 25 are respectively connected with the steam outlet at the top of the rectifying tower 24 and the hot side inlet of the subcooler 26, and the cold side is an environmental heat sink.
In the above scheme, the rectifying tower 24 and the tower kettle reboiler 19 are used for rectifying and separating ammonia and water. The top of the column is connected to the hot side inlet of the second condenser 25. The hot side inlet of the tower kettle reboiler 19 is connected with the outlet of the steam turbine 16 and the outlet of the steam valve 18, and the dilute ammonia water solution outlet of the tower kettle reboiler 19 is connected with the hot side inlet of the solution heat exchanger 23.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the solution heat exchanger 23 and the subcooler 26 are fluid heat exchange devices, wherein the solution heat exchanger 23 preheats an ammonia solution at normal temperature by using a hot fluid from the reboiler 19, and its hot side inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the cold side outlet of the reboiler 19 and the inlet of the solution throttle valve 30, and the cold side inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the outlet of the low-pressure solution pump 22 and the inlet of the rectifying tower 24. The subcooler 26 cools the liquid ammonia from the second condenser 25 by using the low-temperature refrigerant from the evaporator 28, and its hot side inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the hot side outlet of the second condenser 25 and the inlet of the ammonia throttle valve 27, and its cold side inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the cold side outlet of the evaporator 28 and the hot side gas inlet of the absorber 29.
In the above-described embodiment, the ammonia throttle valve 27 and the solution throttle valve 30 are throttle pressure reducing devices. Wherein the inlet and outlet of the ammonia throttle valve 27 are respectively connected with the hot side outlet of the subcooler 26 and the cold side inlet of the evaporator 28. The inlet and outlet of the solution throttle valve 30 are respectively connected with the hot side outlet of the solution heat exchanger 23 and the hot side liquid inlet of the absorber 29.
In the above scheme, the evaporator 28 is used for absorbing heat and evaporating the refrigerant therein to realize cold output. The cold side inlet and outlet are respectively connected with the outlet of the ammonia throttle valve 27 and the cold side inlet of the subcooler 26, and the hot side is a cold carrying medium.
In the above-described embodiment, the absorber 29 is a gas-liquid mixing absorption device for achieving mixing absorption of a dilute solution and pure ammonia vapor. The hot side contains pure ammonia vapor and dilute ammonia solution, so that the two inlets of the hot side are respectively connected with the outlet of the cold side of the subcooler 26 and the outlet of the solution throttle valve 30, the outlet of the hot side is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure solution pump 22, and the cold side is an environmental heat sink.
In the above-described embodiments, the first generator 12 and the second generator 17 are power generation devices for converting mechanical work of the rotors of the gas turbine 11 and the steam turbine 16, respectively, into electric energy. The gas turbine 11 is coaxially connected to the first generator 12, and the steam turbine 16 is coaxially connected to the second generator 17.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the steam valve 18 is a steam control device for performing steam split control in cooperation with the steam splitter 15. The inlet and the outlet of the steam splitter 15 are respectively connected with the first outlet of the steam splitter 15 and the hot side inlet of the reboiler 19.
In the scheme, the electric cooling combined supply system is provided with three sets of power generation equipment and one set of refrigeration equipment, the power generation mechanism of the high-temperature part is electrochemical reaction of a fuel cell and gas brayton cycle, the medium-temperature part is ammonia water working medium Rankine power generation cycle, and the low-temperature part is absorption refrigeration cycle of the ammonia water working medium. Part of the medium-temperature exhaust heat of the gas Brayton cycle is used for heating fuel gas, air and water, the other part of the medium-temperature exhaust heat is used for heating ammonia water solution in the waste heat boiler 14 to generate ammonia water mixed steam, the steam turbine 16 is driven to do work, and the steam turbine 16 exhaust steam also has higher temperature and can be used as a heat source of the refrigeration cycle reboiler 19. Through setting up flue gas shunt 13 and steam shunt 15, can realize the regulation of heat utilization mode, and then realize the regulation to the final product electricity cold.
As shown in fig. 1, S1 to S43 represent various working media in the system, including fuel gas, air, water, flue gas, an ammonia-water mixture, pure ammonia, and the like. The main equipment comprises a fuel compressor 1, a desulfurizer 2, a reformer 3, a water pump 4, a gas-water heat exchanger 5, an air compressor 6, a gas-gas heat exchanger 7, a fuel cell 8, an inverter 9, a combustion chamber 10, a gas turbine 11, a first generator 12, a flue gas splitter 13, a waste heat boiler 14, a steam splitter 15, a steam turbine 16, a second generator 17, a steam valve 18, a reboiler 19, a first condenser 20, a high-pressure solution pump 21, a low-pressure solution pump 22, a solution heat exchanger 23, a rectifying tower 24, a second condenser 25, a subcooler 26, an ammonia throttle valve 27, an evaporator 28, an absorber 29 and a solution throttle valve 30.
The fuel compressor 1 is sequentially connected with the desulfurizer 2, the reformer 3 and the fuel cell 8, the air compressor 6 is sequentially connected with the gas-gas heat exchanger 7 and the fuel cell 8, and the water pump 4 is sequentially connected with the gas-water heat exchanger 5 and the reformer 3. The anode and cathode outlets of the fuel cell 8 are connected with the combustion chamber 10, the combustion chamber 10 is sequentially connected with the gas turbine 11 and the flue gas splitter 13, the first outlet of the flue gas splitter 13 is sequentially connected with the reformer 3, the gas-gas heat exchanger 7, the gas-water heat exchanger 6 and the waste heat boiler 14, and the second outlet is directly connected with the waste heat boiler 14.
The first condenser 20 is connected with the high-pressure solution pump 21, the waste heat boiler 14 and the steam splitter 15 in sequence, a first outlet of the steam splitter 15 is connected with the steam turbine 16 and the reboiler 19 in sequence, and a second outlet of the steam splitter 15 is connected with the steam valve 18 and the reboiler 19 in sequence. The absorber 29 is connected with the low-pressure solution pump 22, the solution heat exchanger 23 and the rectifying tower 24 in sequence, the outlet of the top of the rectifying tower is connected with the second condenser 25, the subcooler 26, the ammonia throttle valve 27, the evaporator 28, the subcooler 26 and the absorber 29 in sequence, and the outlet of the reboiler 19 at the bottom of the rectifying tower is connected with the solution heat exchanger 23, the solution throttle valve 30 and the absorber 29 in sequence. In the three power generation facilities, the fuel cell 8 is connected to the inverter 9, and the gas turbine 11 and the steam turbine 12 are connected to the first generator 12 and the second generator 17, respectively.
The specific flow is as follows: the fuel gas S1 is compressed by the fuel compressor 1 and desulfurized by the desulfurizer 2, and can be divided into two parts which are proportionally adjustable according to the requirements, one part S4 enters a combustion chamber to be used as the afterburner gas, the other part S3 enters the reformer 3 to be mixed with water vapor S8 which is generated after being pressurized by the water pump 4 and heated by the gas-water heat exchanger 5, the mixture is reformed under the heating of the gas turbine exhaust S18, and the reformed gas S5 enters the anode of the fuel cell 8.
The air S9 can be divided into two parts after being compressed by the air compressor 6 and preheated by the air-air heat exchanger 7, one part S12 enters the combustion chamber, and the other part S11 enters the cathode of the fuel cell 8.
The fuel reformed gas S5 and the air S11 are subjected to electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell 8, anode exhaust gas S13 and cathode exhaust gas S14 enter the combustion chamber 10 for combustion, the generated high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas can be divided into two parts, and one part S15 expands in the gas turbine 11 to do work so as to drive the first generator 12 to generate electricity.
The gas turbine exhaust S17 is divided into two parts, one part S18 is used as a heat source for reforming fuel gas, heating air and heating water in sequence, and the other part S22 is used as a heat source for the waste heat boiler 14 for heating the working medium of the ammonia rankine cycle.
Another portion of the high temperature flue gas S16 generated by combustor 10 may be directly mixed with gas turbine exhaust S18 as desired to meet subsequent heating requirements.
In the ammonia rankine cycle, the ammonia solution S25 from the high-pressure solution pump 21 is heated and evaporated by the waste heat boiler 14 to form ammonia mixed steam S26, and the splitter 15 can be adjusted according to the electric cooling demand ratio, so as to adjust the steam amount for the steam turbine 16 to do work.
The steam turbine exhaust S28 enters the reboiler 19, uses the high temperature portion of the heat of condensation for reboiler heating, and then discharges the low temperature heat of condensation to the environment in the first condenser 20.
In the ammonia refrigeration cycle, the concentrated solution S32 from the absorber 29 is pressurized by the low-pressure solution pump 22, preheated by the solution heat exchanger 23, and then enters the rectifying tower 24, pure ammonia vapor S35 generated at the top of the rectifying tower is condensed by the second condenser 25, supercooled by the supercooler 26, throttled and depressurized by the ammonia throttle valve 27, and then enters the evaporator 28 for evaporation refrigeration, and the ammonia vapor S39 enters the absorber 29 after being recovered with cold energy in the supercooler 26. The dilute solution S41 at the bottom outlet of the reboiler 19 is subjected to heat recovery through the solution heat exchanger 23, throttled and depressurized through the solution throttle valve 30, then enters the absorber 29, and the ammonia vapor S40 is absorbed to reform the concentrated solution S32, so that one cycle is completed.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention also provides a thermodynamic cycle method based on electric and cold combined supply of the high-temperature fuel cell, which realizes cascade utilization of chemical energy of fuel gas by organically combining electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell, gas Brayton cycle, ammonia working medium Rankine cycle and absorption refrigeration cycle, wherein part of chemical energy is directly converted into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, other chemical energy generates high-temperature flue gas through combustion, a medium-high grade part of flue gas heat is used for driving the gas Brayton cycle to do work and generate electricity, medium-grade energy is used for driving the ammonia Rankine cycle to do work and generate electricity, and low-grade energy is used for driving refrigeration cycle refrigeration. The exhaust heat of the gas turbine is transferred to the ammonia water mixed working medium through the waste heat boiler; the heat discharged by the steam turbine is transferred to the absorption refrigeration working medium through the reboiler. The energy input of the whole system is chemical energy of fuel, and the energy output is electric energy and cold energy.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1) The electric cooling combined supply system provided by the invention takes the chemical energy of fuel gas as driving energy, and can improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of fuel through the coupling of electrochemical reaction, the fuel gas Brayton cycle, the ammonia Rankine cycle, the ammonia absorption refrigeration cycle and other energy conversion modes;
2) The electric cooling combined supply system provided by the invention can realize the diversification of products, meet different requirements, expand the application field of fuel cells, and can be used for industries with requirements on electric energy and low-temperature cold energy simultaneously, such as supermarkets, refrigeration houses, coastal seafood processing enterprises, petrochemical enterprises and the like;
3) Compared with the existing fuel cell-GT cycle, the electric cooling combined supply system provided by the invention can improve the utilization efficiency of low-temperature waste heat, convert low-temperature heat which is not easy to be converted into electric energy into cold energy output, realize electric cooling combined production and improve the overall efficiency;
4) Compared with the existing fuel cell-combined heat and power generation, the electric cooling combined supply system provided by the invention can improve the recovery utilization rate of the working capacity of the heat extraction of the fuel cell, thereby improving the power generation efficiency;
5) Compared with the existing fuel cell-lithium bromide absorption refrigeration, the electric cooling combined supply system and method provided by the invention can improve the recovery and utilization rate of the working capacity of the heat extraction of the fuel cell, further improve the power generation efficiency, realize wider and low-temperature cold energy output than lithium bromide through the mixed working medium which is ammonia water and is suitable for low-temperature cold energy recovery, and improve the adjustability of electric cooling proportion by adjusting the participation degree of the ammonia water Rankine cycle;
6) In the electric cooling combined supply system provided by the invention, the required equipment technology is mature, and the industrial production can be realized.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. An electric refrigeration cogeneration system, comprising: a raw material supply subsystem, a fuel cell power generation subsystem, a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a rankine cycle power generation subsystem, a refrigeration subsystem, the raw material supply subsystem for supplying raw material to a fuel cell of the fuel cell power generation subsystem and having a raw material heat exchanger bank; the gas turbine power generation subsystem comprises a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a first generator which are connected; the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem comprises a waste heat boiler, a steam ventilation device and a second power generator which are connected; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The fuel gas outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the inlet of the combustion chamber; the outlet of the gas turbine is connected with the hot side inlet of the raw material heat exchanger group and the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler, and the hot side outlet of the raw material heat exchanger group is connected with the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler; the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler and the outlet of the steam turbine are respectively connected with the refrigeration subsystem;
the gas turbine power generation subsystem further comprises a flue gas diverter, wherein an inlet of the flue gas diverter is connected with an outlet of the gas turbine, a first outlet of the flue gas diverter is connected with a hot side inlet of the raw material heat exchanger group, and a second outlet of the flue gas diverter is connected with a hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler;
the flue gas splitter is used for adjusting the flue gas proportion output to the raw material heat exchanger group and the waste heat boiler;
The rankine cycle power generation subsystem further includes: the inlet of the steam diverter is connected with the cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler, the first outlet of the steam diverter is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine, and the second outlet of the steam diverter is connected with the outlet of the steam turbine;
The steam diverter is used for adjusting the distribution proportion of the steam discharged by the waste heat boiler so as to adjust the proportion of the generated energy of the second generator to the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating subsystem;
The raw material heat exchanger group includes:
a fuel inlet of the reformer is used for introducing fuel, and a fuel outlet of the reformer is connected with an anode inlet of the fuel cell;
The cold side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is used for introducing oxidizing gas, and the cold side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is connected with the cathode inlet of the fuel cell;
The cold side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger is used for introducing water, and the cold side outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet of the reformer; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The flue gas inlet of the reformer is connected with the outlet of the gas turbine, the flue gas outlet of the reformer is connected with the hot side inlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger, the hot side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is connected with the hot side inlet of the gas-water heat exchanger, and the hot side outlet of the gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler.
2. The electric refrigeration cogeneration system of claim 1, wherein said raw material supply subsystem comprises:
a fuel compressor, an outlet of the fuel compressor being connected to a fuel inlet of the reformer;
the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the cold side inlet of the air-air heat exchanger;
And the outlet of the water pump is connected with the cold side inlet of the air-water heat exchanger.
3. The electric cooling combined supply system according to claim 2, wherein the cold side outlet of the gas-gas heat exchanger is connected to the oxidant inlet of the combustion chamber, and the outlet of the fuel compressor is connected to the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber.
4. The electric refrigeration cogeneration system of claim 2, wherein said raw material supply subsystem further comprises: and a desulfurizer connected between the outlet of the fuel compressor and the fuel inlet of the reformer.
5. The electric cooling cogeneration system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the inlet of the gas turbine and to the hot side inlet of the feed heat exchanger bank.
6. The electric chiller system of claim 1 wherein a steam valve is disposed between the second outlet of the steam splitter and the outlet of the steam turbine.
7. The electric refrigeration cogeneration system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the refrigeration subsystem comprises: reboiler, low-pressure solution pump, solution heat exchanger, rectifying tower, second condenser, subcooler, ammonia throttle valve, evaporator, absorber and solution throttle valve; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The hot side outlet of the reboiler is connected with the outlet of the steam turbine, the hot side outlet of the reboiler is connected with the hot side inlet of a first condenser of the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, the hot side outlet of the first condenser is connected with the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler through a high pressure solution pump of the Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, the cold side outlet of the reboiler is connected with the hot side inlet of the solution heat exchanger, the hot side outlet of the solution heat exchanger is connected with the hot side inlet of the absorber through the solution throttle valve, the hot side outlet of the absorber is connected with the cold side inlet of the solution heat exchanger through the low pressure solution pump, the cold side outlet of the solution heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the rectifying tower, the steam outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the hot side inlet of the second condenser, the hot side outlet of the second condenser is connected with the hot side inlet of the subcooler, the hot side outlet of the subcooler is connected with the cold side inlet of the subcooler through the ammonia throttle valve, and the cold side outlet of the subcooler is connected with the cold side inlet of the absorber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN112786917B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-10-13 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | Hydrogen fuel cell system based on waste heat of low-pressure economizer of power plant |
| CN112909310A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 青岛科技大学 | Coal-fired composite power generation system integrated with solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN113046134A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-29 | 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 | Combined cooling, heating and power generation system and method based on dual fluidized bed gasification and fuel cell |
| CN113540541B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-06-09 | 西安交通大学 | SOFC (solid oxide Fuel cell) using ammonia water as fuel, and cascade power generation system and operation method thereof |
| CN114335635B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-02-13 | 哈电发电设备国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Adjustable proton exchange membrane fuel cell heat, electricity and cold co-production system |
| CN114352367B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-07-28 | 北京石油化工学院 | Composite combined supply system based on natural gas reforming hydrogen production and fuel cell |
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| CN102456897A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2012-05-16 | 上海新奥能源科技有限公司 | Combined electricity-heat-cold supply system based on fuel cell |
| CN108005742A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 山东大学 | The solid oxide fuel cell driving cooling heating and power generation system that partially recycled can be utilized |
| CN208475729U (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-02-05 | 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 | Electric cold supply system |
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| CN102456897A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2012-05-16 | 上海新奥能源科技有限公司 | Combined electricity-heat-cold supply system based on fuel cell |
| CN108005742A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 山东大学 | The solid oxide fuel cell driving cooling heating and power generation system that partially recycled can be utilized |
| CN208475729U (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-02-05 | 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 | Electric cold supply system |
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