CN110500201B - Head structure of inclined groove type pintle injector - Google Patents
Head structure of inclined groove type pintle injector Download PDFInfo
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- CN110500201B CN110500201B CN201910702701.2A CN201910702701A CN110500201B CN 110500201 B CN110500201 B CN 110500201B CN 201910702701 A CN201910702701 A CN 201910702701A CN 110500201 B CN110500201 B CN 110500201B
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- pintle
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- injector
- central rod
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/52—Injectors
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A head structure of an inclined groove type pintle injector relates to the field of pintle variable thrust engine design; the injector comprises a pintle nozzle, a central rod, a sealing structure, an outer ring cover plate, an injector shell, n radial nozzle joints and an axial nozzle joint; wherein, the injector shell is a columnar structure; the pintle nozzle is axially and vertically fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower end of the injector shell; the central rod is axially and vertically fixedly arranged at the top end of the pintle nozzle; the sealing structure is arranged at the joint of the pintle nozzle and the central rod to realize sealing; the outer ring cover plate is of an annular structure; the outer ring cover plate is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the injector shell; the n radial nozzle joints are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the injector shell along the axial direction; the n radial nozzle joints are communicated with the inner cavity of the injector shell; the axial nozzle joint is vertically and fixedly arranged at the top end of the central rod; the invention reduces the matching difficulty of the structural parameters of the pintle injector, and improves the working reliability of the pintle and the convenience of ground cold-hot state experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of design of pintle variable-thrust engines, in particular to a head structure of an inclined-groove pintle injector.
Background
The variable thrust liquid rocket engine technology can be suitable for the recycling of the propulsion device; the overload control of the astronaut in the manned space active flight segment is adapted; the method is suitable for rendezvous and docking of the space spacecraft and optimal orbit control; the method is suitable for the control of a missile multiple variable-push-division-guide power system; is suitable for the soft landing of extraterrestrial bodies such as moon, mars and the like. Compared with a common centrifugal or straight-flow nozzle, the pintle injector has the outstanding advantage that injection parameters can be deeply adjusted, the pintle injector is applied to American multi-type engines and China lunar engines, and the reusable engine in the future has certain requirements on thrust depth adjustment. The pintle engine is the most common form of the variable thrust liquid rocket engine, the pintle injector is a core component of the pintle variable thrust engine, and the structural design of the head of the pintle injector has important influence on the atomization and combustion performance of the engine.
At present, the orifice configuration of a common pintle injector is a straight groove or special-shaped groove structure, and when the injector is designed, the relevance of various design parameters such as propellant flow, lower leakage rate, orifice distance, pintle adjusting stroke, pintle head structural strength and the like is strong, and the design difficulty of the injector is high; the head of the common pintle injector has complex structure, the matching surface of the pintle head and the shielding plate has leakage risk, the process requirement is high, and the injector has high processing difficulty. When basic research such as atomization combustion is carried out, a pintle injector ground test piece often adopts a pintle injector with a fixed spray hole size, so that the operating characteristics of the injector are different from those of an actual adjustable pintle injector product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the inclined groove type pintle injector head structure, so that the matching difficulty of the structural parameters of the pintle injector is reduced, and the working reliability of the pintle and the convenience of ground cold and hot state experiments are improved.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a head structure of an inclined groove type pintle injector comprises a pintle nozzle, a central rod, a sealing structure, an outer ring cover plate, an injector shell, n radial nozzle joints and axial nozzle joints; wherein, the injector shell is a columnar structure; the pintle nozzle is axially and vertically fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower end of the injector shell; the central rod is axially and vertically fixedly arranged at the top end of the pintle nozzle; the sealing structure is arranged at the joint of the pintle nozzle and the central rod to realize sealing; the outer ring cover plate is of an annular structure; the outer ring cover plate is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the injector shell; the n radial nozzle joints are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the injector shell along the axial direction; the n radial nozzle joints are communicated with the inner cavity of the injector shell; the axial nozzle joint is vertically and fixedly arranged at the top end of the central rod; n is a positive integer.
In the head structure of the oblique-groove type pintle injector, m slits are arranged on the side wall of the axial bottom end of the pintle nozzle; the m slits are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pintle nozzle; m is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 100; n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4.
In the head structure of the chute type pintle injector, the slit is a rectangular through hole structure; the length of the short side of the slit is 0.5-3mm, and the length of the long side is 1-6 mm.
In the above mentioned one of the slotted pintle injector head structures, the m slits are parallel to each other; the included angle between the slit and the vertical axis of the pintle nozzle is 0-90 degrees.
In the above-mentioned head structure of the chute type pintle injector, the operation process of the chute type pintle injector is as follows:
one of the external propellants enters from the longitudinal joint, enters the pintle nozzle through the inner cavity of the central rod, and then is sprayed out from m slits on the side wall of the pintle nozzle;
another external propellant enters from the n radial nozzle joints, passes through the inner cavity of the injector shell to the upper end of the outer ring cover plate and is sprayed out from an annular nozzle formed by the outer wall of the pintle nozzle and the outer ring cover plate; the two external propellants impact outside the injector to realize atomization and mixing.
In the head structure of the inclined groove type pintle injector, the axial bottom end of the central rod is provided with the slot shielding plate, and the slot shielding plate is attached to the inner wall surface of the pintle nozzle; the coaxiality of the slot shielding plate and the inner wall surface of the pintle nozzle is not more than 0.05mm, the outer wall of the slot shielding plate and the inner wall of the pintle nozzle are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance is less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
In the head structure of the inclined groove type pintle injector, the pintle nozzle is adjusted to move along the axial direction of the central rod in the vertical direction; the slot shielding plate shields the slit; the shielding rate of the slot shielding plate to the slit is 0-100%.
In the head structure of the oblique groove type pintle injector, the diameter of the outer wall of the pintle nozzle is 20-60 mm; when the annular nozzle sprays external liquid propellant, the width of the annular seam of the annular nozzle is 0.3-1 mm; when the annular nozzle is used for injecting external gas propellant, the annular seam width of the annular nozzle is 2-20 mm.
In the above-described one of the structures of the head of the oblique-slot type pintle injector, when the external propellant is a liquid propellant, the final atomized particle size is not more than 200 μm; when the external propellant is a propellant gas, the final atomized particle size is not greater than 100 μm.
In one of the above described slotted pintle head constructions, the pintle injector is adapted for use with an external liquid propellant having a viscosity of no greater than 10 mpa.s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the inclined groove type pintle injector head structure, a slit inclination angle parameter is introduced, so that a design dimension is added to the pintle injector head, and the matching difficulty of the design parameter is reduced;
(2) the invention provides an inner shielding groove scheme, which has lower propellant leakage rate than an outer shielding groove scheme under the same injection pressure drop and structural process conditions;
(3) the height of the shielding groove is accurately controlled through screw thread precession, and the size of the axial nozzle is changed by replacing the outer annular cover plate, so that the experimental convenience is better; meanwhile, the requirement on the size of the structure is not high, and the size of the injector can be designed according to the use requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the canted pintle injector of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
the invention provides a head structure of an inclined groove type pintle injector, wherein one type of injection medium enters an axial nozzle through an axial nozzle joint 7, and the other type of injection medium enters a pintle nozzle 1 through a radial nozzle joint 6; finally, atomizing and impacting are formed outside the pintle nozzle 1; the matching difficulty of the structural parameters of the pintle injector can be reduced, and the working reliability of the pintle and the convenience of ground cold and hot state experiments are improved.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a cross-sectional view of a chute type pintle injector, it can be seen that a chute type pintle injector head structure comprises a pintle nozzle head 1, a central rod 2, a sealing structure 3, an outer annular cover plate 4, an injector housing 5, n radial nozzle joints 6 and an axial nozzle joint 7; wherein, the injector shell 5 is a columnar structure; the pintle nozzle 1 is axially and vertically fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower end of the injector shell 5; the central rod 2 is axially and vertically fixedly arranged at the top end of the pintle nozzle 1; the sealing structure 3 is arranged at the joint of the pintle nozzle 1 and the central rod 2 to realize sealing; the outer ring cover plate 4 is of a ring structure; the outer ring cover plate 4 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the injector shell 5; the n radial nozzle joints 6 are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the injector shell 5 along the axial direction; the n radial nozzle joints 6 are communicated with the inner cavity of the injector shell 5; the axial nozzle joint 7 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the top end of the central rod 2; n is a positive integer.
M slits 8 are arranged on the side wall of the axial bottom end of the pintle nozzle 1; the m slits 8 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pintle nozzle 1; m is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 100; n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4. The slit 8 is a rectangular through hole structure; the short side of the slit 8 is 0.5-3mm in length, and the long side is 1-6mm in length. The m slits 8 are parallel to each other; the angle between the slit 8 and the vertical axis of the pintle nozzle 1 is 0-90 deg.
The working process of the inclined groove type pintle injector is as follows:
one of the external propellants enters from the longitudinal joint 7, enters the pintle nozzle 1 through the inner cavity of the central rod 2, and then is ejected from the m slits 8 on the side wall of the pintle nozzle 1;
another external propellant enters from the n radial nozzle joints 6, passes through the inner cavity of the injector shell 5 to the upper end of the outer ring cover plate 4 and is sprayed out from an annular nozzle 12 formed by the outer wall of the pintle nozzle 1 and the outer ring cover plate 4; the two external propellants impact outside the injector to realize atomization and mixing.
The axial bottom end of the central rod 2 is provided with a slot shielding plate 21, and the slot shielding plate 21 is attached to the inner wall surface of the pintle nozzle 1; the coaxiality of the slot shielding plate 21 and the inner wall surface of the pintle nozzle 1 is not more than 0.05mm, the outer wall of the slot shielding plate 21 and the inner wall of the pintle nozzle are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance is less than or equal to 0.05 mm. The pintle nozzle 1 moves and is adjusted along the axial vertical direction of the central rod 2; the slot shielding plate 21 shields the slit 8; the shielding rate of the slot shielding plate 21 to the slit 8 is 0-100%.
The diameter of the outer wall of the pintle nozzle 1 is 20-60 mm; when the annular nozzle 12 sprays external liquid propellant, the annular seam width of the annular nozzle 12 is 0.3-1 mm; the annular nozzle 12 has an annular gap width of 2-20mm when the annular nozzle 12 is injecting an external gas propellant.
When the external propellant is a liquid propellant, the final atomized particle size is not more than 200 μm; when the external propellant is a propellant gas, the final atomized particle size is not greater than 100 μm. The pintle injector is adapted for use with an external liquid propellant having a viscosity of no greater than 10 mpa.s.
The pintle shower nozzle 1 is connected with the central rod 2 through a threaded structure and is isolated from the channel through the sealing structure 3, the pintle shower nozzle 1 and the outer annular cover plate 4 form an annular nozzle 12, the outer annular cover plate 4 is fixed on the injector shell 5 through screws, and the injector shell 5 is respectively provided with an axial nozzle joint 6 and a radial nozzle joint 7. The injection medium enters the axial nozzle through the axial nozzle connection 6 and the pintle head through the radial nozzle connection 7, respectively.
According to the head structure of the inclined groove type pintle injector, the pintle nozzle is provided with the slits 8 with the inclined angles as the spray holes, the slits 8 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pintle nozzle, and the inclined angles of the slits 8 are designed in a matching mode according to the parameters of the number of the spray holes, the lower leakage rate, the adjusting stroke, the injection flow and the like.
According to the head structure of the inclined groove type pintle injector, the injector adopts an inner shielding groove scheme, the end part of a central rod is provided with a shielding groove plate 21, and the shielding groove plate 21 is positioned inside the pintle nozzle 1.
According to the inclined groove type pintle injector head structure applicable to the invention, the central rod 2 and the pintle injector 1 are provided with the radial sealing structures 3, so that the external propellant medium is prevented from being communicated with the cavity.
According to the head structure of the inclined groove type pintle injector, which is suitable for the invention, the pintle nozzle 1 and the central rod 2 are connected by threads, and the height of the slot shielding plate 21 can be accurately controlled by adjusting the screwing depth of the threads.
According to the inclined groove type pintle injector head structure applicable to the invention, the outer ring cover plate 4 is of a detachable structure, the outer ring cover plate 4 and the pintle nozzle 1 are combined to form the annular nozzle 12, and the size of the annular nozzle 12 can be changed by adjusting the size and the profile of the outer ring cover plate 4.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A chute-type pintle injector head structure, characterized in that: the injector comprises a pintle nozzle (1), a central rod (2), a sealing structure (3), an outer ring cover plate (4), an injector shell (5), n radial nozzle joints (6) and an axial nozzle joint (7); wherein, the injector shell (5) is a columnar structure; the pintle nozzle (1) is axially and vertically fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower end of the injector shell (5); the central rod (2) is axially and vertically fixedly arranged at the top end of the pintle nozzle (1); the sealing structure (3) is arranged at the joint of the pintle nozzle (1) and the central rod (2) to realize sealing; the outer ring cover plate (4) is of an annular structure; the outer ring cover plate (4) is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the injector shell (5); the n radial nozzle joints (6) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the injector shell (5) along the axial direction; the n radial nozzle joints (6) are communicated with the inner cavity of the injector shell (5); the axial nozzle joint (7) is vertically and fixedly arranged at the top end of the central rod (2); n is a positive integer;
m slits (8) are arranged on the side wall of the axial bottom end of the pintle nozzle (1); the m slits (8) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pintle nozzle (1); m is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 100; n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4;
the slit (8) is of a rectangular through hole structure; the length of the short side of the slit (8) is 0.5-3mm, and the length of the long side is 1-6 mm;
the m slits (8) are parallel to each other; the included angle between the slit (8) and the vertical axis of the pintle nozzle (1) is 0-90 degrees.
2. A slotted pintle injector head construction according to claim 1, wherein: the working process of the inclined groove type pintle injector is as follows:
wherein an external propellant enters from the longitudinal joint (7) and enters the pintle nozzle (1) through the inner cavity of the central rod (2), and then the external propellant is sprayed out from m slits (8) on the side wall of the pintle nozzle (1);
another external propellant enters from the n radial nozzle joints (6), passes through the inner cavity of the injector shell (5) to the upper end of the outer ring cover plate (4), and is sprayed out from an annular nozzle (12) formed by the outer wall of the pintle nozzle (1) and the outer ring cover plate (4); the two external propellants impact outside the injector to realize atomization and mixing.
3. A slotted pintle injector head construction according to claim 2, wherein: a groove shielding plate (21) is arranged at the axial bottom end of the central rod (2), and the groove shielding plate (21) is attached to the inner wall surface of the pintle nozzle (1); the coaxiality of the slot shielding plate (21) and the inner wall surface of the pintle nozzle (1) is not more than 0.05mm, the outer wall of the slot shielding plate (21) and the inner wall of the pintle nozzle are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance is not more than 0.05 mm.
4. A slotted pintle injector head construction according to claim 3, wherein: the pintle nozzle (1) is adjusted to move along the axial vertical direction of the central rod (2); the slot shielding plate (21) shields the slit (8); the shielding rate of the slot shielding plate (21) to the slit (8) is 0-100%.
5. A slotted pintle injector head construction according to claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the outer wall of the pintle nozzle (1) is 20-60 mm; when the annular nozzle (12) sprays external liquid propellant, the annular seam width of the annular nozzle (12) is 0.3-1 mm; when the annular nozzle (12) injects external gas propellant, the annular seam width of the annular nozzle (12) is 2-20 mm.
6. A slotted pintle injector head construction according to claim 5, wherein: when the external propellant is a liquid propellant, the final atomized particle size is not more than 200 μm; when the external propellant is a propellant gas, the final atomized particle size is not greater than 100 μm.
7. A slotted pintle injector head construction according to claim 6, wherein: the pintle injector is adapted for use with an external liquid propellant having a viscosity of no greater than 10 mpa.s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910702701.2A CN110500201B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Head structure of inclined groove type pintle injector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910702701.2A CN110500201B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Head structure of inclined groove type pintle injector |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110500201A CN110500201A (en) | 2019-11-26 |
| CN110500201B true CN110500201B (en) | 2021-01-12 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111502860B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-06-28 | 南京理工大学 | Pressure swirl injector with modular design |
| CN111520255B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-11-09 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Pintle injector with sweating and cooling functions |
| CN112502855B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-12-31 | 西北工业大学 | Variable-thrust normal-temperature liquid propellant rocket engine based on hydraulic double-regulation system |
| CN112324589B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-09-24 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Pintle injector and liquid rocket engine with same |
| CN112796907B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-12-14 | 南京理工大学 | Magnesium gel carbon dioxide engine |
| CN112780444B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-11-02 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Shutdown processing method for normal-temperature propellant pin-bolt type engine anti-cavity-crossing |
| CN113294265B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-15 | 北京星际荣耀空间科技股份有限公司 | Pintle injector for liquid rocket engine |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003243875B2 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2006-07-06 | Tecpharma Licensing Ag | Needle-free injection device |
| CN104196651B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-09-07 | 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 | A kind of adjustable coaxial double fluting hydrant ejector fillers |
| CN104234870B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-05-18 | 中国航天科技集团公司第六研究院第十一研究所 | The coaxial pintle formula ejector filler thrust chamber of a kind of fluting |
| CN105020050B (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2019-07-09 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Using the online adjustable gas-combustion generator of jets collision combustion system |
| CN108286478B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-07-12 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of pre- rotating pintle ejector filler applied to double elements liquid-propellant rocket engine |
| CN109630318B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-12-27 | 陕西蓝箭航天技术有限公司 | Injector for liquid engine and liquid engine |
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