CN110500156B - Valve driving device, internal combustion engine and vehicle - Google Patents
Valve driving device, internal combustion engine and vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110500156B CN110500156B CN201910807921.1A CN201910807921A CN110500156B CN 110500156 B CN110500156 B CN 110500156B CN 201910807921 A CN201910807921 A CN 201910807921A CN 110500156 B CN110500156 B CN 110500156B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- F01L9/11—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column
- F01L9/12—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column with a liquid chamber between a piston actuated by a cam and a piston acting on a valve stem
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a valve driving device, an internal combustion engine and a vehicle. According to the valve driving device, the main piston is pushed to compress hydraulic oil in the second cavity through the extending movement of the telescopic part, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the second cavity pushes the upper piston to move in the direction of the lower piston; before the upper piston moves to the gap adjusting hole, redundant hydraulic oil in the third cavity flows out of the third cavity from the gap adjusting hole, and the lower piston does not move in the process; the upper piston continues to move to cover the gap adjusting hole, at this time, the third cavity is a sealed cavity, the movement of the upper piston compresses hydraulic oil in the third cavity, the compressed hydraulic oil in the third cavity pushes the lower piston to move in a direction away from the third cavity, and the movement of the lower piston pushes the valve to open and close. The invention can be adjusted according to the working conditions of different rotation speeds of the internal combustion engine, has high temperature resistance and stepless adjustable stroke, and can obtain ideal air intake and exhaust efficiency at high and low rotation speeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of passport classification, in particular to a valve driving device, an internal combustion engine and a vehicle.
Background
The valve timing mechanism of the internal combustion engine is used for providing fresh air necessary for the working of gasoline combustion for the cylinders and exhausting the burnt waste gas, and the main function of the valve timing mechanism is to open and close the inlet valve and the outlet valve of each cylinder according to a certain time limit, so that the whole process of ventilation and replenishment of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is realized. The same theory is applied to the internal combustion engine, so that the concept of valve lift and timing is generated, the valve lift is like the angle of opening of a valve, the valve timing is like the time of opening of the valve, the problem is solved from the perspective of three-dimensional thinking, and the angle and the time are the size of a space, and the air intake and exhaust amounts in unit time are determined.
The valve of the internal combustion engine is usually driven by a cam shaft, and for a common internal combustion engine without variable valve timing technology, the opening and closing time of intake and exhaust is fixed, but the fixed valve timing is difficult to consider the requirements of the internal combustion engine under different rotating speeds and working conditions, and the fixed breathing rhythm prevents the efficiency of the internal combustion engine from being improved.
When the internal combustion engine is in a high rotation speed interval, one working stroke of the four-stroke internal combustion engine only needs a few thousandths of seconds, so that the short time often causes insufficient air intake and incomplete air exhaust of the internal combustion engine, and the efficiency of the internal combustion engine is influenced, so that the defects of insufficient air intake and incomplete air exhaust are required to be overcome through early opening and late closing of the valve, under the condition, the moment that an intake valve and an exhaust valve are simultaneously opened is inevitably generated, and the valve timing is called as a valve overlap angle. The angle of valve overlap tends to have a large impact on engine performance, and is what is appropriate? It is known that the higher the engine speed, the shorter the absolute time that is left to intake and exhaust for each cylinder in one cycle, and therefore the longer the intake and exhaust times of the engine are required to achieve higher charge efficiency. Obviously, the higher the rotational speed, the greater the valve overlap angle required.
When the internal combustion engine is in a low-rotation-speed working condition, excessive valve overlap angle can enable excessive exhaust gas to flow into an air inlet end, the air suction amount can be reduced instead, the air flow in the cylinder can be disturbed, and at the moment, an ECU (electronic control unit, also called a driving computer) can be difficult to accurately control the air-fuel ratio, so that unstable idle speed and low-speed torque are caused. In contrast, if the valve train is optimized for low rotational speed conditions only, the internal combustion engine cannot reach higher peak power at high rotational speeds. So the current internal combustion engine design will choose a compromise and it is not possible to achieve optimum conditions under two distinct conditions.
Therefore, it is important to develop a valve driving device which can be adjusted according to different working conditions of the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine and can obtain ideal air intake and exhaust efficiency at high and low rotation speeds.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a valve driving device and an internal combustion engine vehicle, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the valve driving device cannot be adjusted under the working conditions of different rotation speeds of the internal combustion engine, and ideal intake and exhaust efficiency cannot be obtained under high and low rotation speeds.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a valve drive apparatus including: the hydraulic system comprises a first hydraulic cylinder, a shell, a telescopic part, a main piston, an upper piston, a lower piston, an oil storage part and a controller;
the main piston, the upper piston and the lower piston are movably arranged in the first hydraulic cylinder;
a first cavity is formed between the shell and the first hydraulic cylinder;
A second cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the main piston and the first hydraulic cylinder as well as between the main piston and the upper piston;
A third cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the first hydraulic cylinder and the upper piston and between the first hydraulic cylinder and the lower piston;
The telescopic component is positioned in the first cavity, and two ends of the telescopic component are respectively connected with the shell and one side, far away from the second cavity, of the main piston so as to drive the main piston to do linear motion;
a gap adjusting hole is formed in the side wall of the first hydraulic cylinder;
the oil storage component is communicated with the third cavity through the clearance adjusting hole, so that the volume of hydraulic oil in the third cavity is always the same;
The controller is electrically connected with the telescopic component and used for controlling the telescopic component to do telescopic motion.
In one embodiment, the area of contact of the master piston with hydraulic oil is greater than the area of contact of the upper piston with hydraulic oil and greater than the area of contact of the lower piston with hydraulic oil.
In one embodiment, the valve driving device further comprises a hydraulic connecting pipe and a second hydraulic cylinder;
two ends of the hydraulic connecting pipe are respectively communicated with the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder;
and a third cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed among the upper piston, the first hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic connecting pipe, the second hydraulic cylinder and the lower piston.
In one embodiment, the valve driving device further includes a support block connected to a side of the lower piston remote from the third chamber.
In one embodiment, the controller is located within the housing for reducing the connection lines.
In one embodiment, the telescoping member comprises a piezoelectric actuator.
In one embodiment, the number of piezoelectric actuators is at least two, and all of the piezoelectric actuators are arranged in parallel.
In one embodiment, the number of piezoelectric actuators is at least two;
The piezoelectric actuators are arranged in series for increasing the distance of linear motion of the master piston.
In one embodiment, the valve driving device further comprises a power supply, a boost control circuit, a half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit and a pulse slope control circuit;
The half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit comprises an upper half-bridge circuit and a lower half-bridge circuit;
the input end of the boost control circuit is connected with the power supply, and the output end of the boost control circuit is electrically connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube of the upper half-bridge circuit so as to be used for voltage conversion;
The input end of the pulse slope control circuit is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube of the upper half-bridge circuit and the source electrode of the MOS tube of the lower half-bridge circuit, and the output end of the pulse slope control circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric actuator for controlling the speed of opening or closing the valve of the valve driving device;
the drain electrode of the MOS tube of the lower half-bridge circuit is grounded;
The controller is electrically connected with the boost control circuit and the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit and is used for controlling the boost control circuit and the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit to work.
In a second aspect, the invention also proposes an internal combustion engine comprising a valve drive device according to any one of the first aspects.
In one embodiment, the upper piston is located above the lower piston when the valve actuation device is in operation.
In a third aspect, the present invention also proposes an engine comprising the valve drive apparatus according to any one of the first aspect, or the internal combustion engine according to the second aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention also proposes a vehicle comprising a valve drive device according to any one of the first aspect, or an internal combustion engine according to the second aspect, or an engine according to the third aspect.
In summary, according to the valve driving device of the present invention, the main piston is pushed to compress the hydraulic oil in the second cavity through the extending movement of the telescopic member, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the second cavity will push the upper piston to move in the direction of the lower piston due to the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil; before the upper piston moves to the gap adjusting hole, redundant hydraulic oil in the third cavity flows out of the third cavity from the gap adjusting hole, and the lower piston does not move in the process; the upper piston continues to move to cover the gap adjusting hole, at this time, the third cavity is a sealed cavity, the movement of the upper piston compresses hydraulic oil in the third cavity, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the third cavity pushes the lower piston to move away from the third cavity due to incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, and the movement of the lower piston pushes the opening and closing of the valve. The volume of hydraulic oil in the third cavity is always the same through the adjustment of the clearance adjustment holes, so that the consistency of the travel from the movement of the telescopic part to the movement of the lower piston, which is influenced by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic oil, is avoided, and the consistency of the operation of the valve driving device is improved; the controller controls the telescopic component, so that continuous adjustment is realized while the response speed is ensured. Therefore, the invention can be adjusted according to the working conditions of different rotation speeds of the internal combustion engine, has high temperature resistance and stepless and adjustable stroke, and can obtain ideal air intake and exhaust efficiency at high and low rotation speeds.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a valve actuator assembly according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the valve driving apparatus of FIG. 1 from another perspective;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the valve driving apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a valve actuation device according to one embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a half-bridge pre-drive and protection circuit of a valve drive device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, there is provided a valve driving apparatus including: a first hydraulic cylinder 20, a housing 11, a telescopic part 12, a main piston 21, an upper piston 22, a lower piston 23, an oil storage part and a controller;
the main piston 21, the upper piston 22 and the lower piston 23 are movably arranged in the first hydraulic cylinder 20;
A first cavity 81 is formed between the housing 11 and the first hydraulic cylinder 20;
a second cavity 82 for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the main piston 21 and the first hydraulic cylinder 20 and between the main piston 21 and the upper piston 22;
a third cavity 83 for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the first hydraulic cylinder 20 and the upper piston 22 and between the first hydraulic cylinder and the lower piston 23;
the telescopic component 12 is located in the first cavity 81, and two ends of the telescopic component 12 are respectively connected with the housing 11 and one side of the main piston 21 away from the second cavity 82, so as to drive the main piston 21 to do linear motion;
a gap adjusting hole 201 is formed in the side wall of the first hydraulic cylinder 20;
The oil reservoir communicates with the third chamber 83 through the gap adjusting hole 201 for ensuring that the volume of hydraulic oil in the third chamber 83 is always the same;
wherein, the controller is electrically connected with the telescopic component 12 for controlling the telescopic component 12 to do telescopic motion.
In the valve driving device of the present embodiment, the main piston 21 is pushed to compress the hydraulic oil in the second cavity 82 by the extending movement of the extension member 12, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the second cavity 82 will push the upper piston 22 to move in the direction of the lower piston 23 due to the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil; before the upper piston 22 moves to the lash adjustment hole 201, excess hydraulic oil in the third chamber 83 will flow out of the third chamber 83 from the lash adjustment hole 201, during which the lower piston 23 does not move; the upper piston 22 continues to move to cover the gap adjusting hole 201, at this time, the third chamber 83 is a sealed chamber, and the movement of the upper piston 22 compresses the hydraulic oil in the third chamber 83, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the third chamber 83 pushes the lower piston 23 to move in a direction away from the third chamber 83 due to incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, and the movement of the lower piston 23 pushes the opening and closing of the valve 90. The volume of the hydraulic oil in the third cavity 83 is always the same by adjusting the clearance adjusting holes 201, so that the consistency of the travel from the movement of the telescopic part 12 to the movement of the lower piston 23, which is influenced by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic oil, is avoided, and the consistency of the operation of the valve driving device is improved; by the control of the controller on the telescopic member 12, the telescopic member 12 pushes the opening and closing of the valve 90 by the movement of the hydraulic oil converted into the lower piston 23, and continuous adjustment is achieved while ensuring the response speed. Therefore, the valve driving device of the embodiment can be adjusted according to the working conditions of different rotating speeds of the internal combustion engine, has high temperature resistance and stepless and adjustable stroke, and can obtain ideal air intake and exhaust efficiency at high and low rotating speeds.
The controller may employ a PLC (programmable logic controller ) and/or an FPGA (field programmable gate array, field Programmable GATE ARRAY) and/or a PC (computer), by way of example and not limitation.
The shape of the housing 11 includes a column shape, such as a cylinder, a rectangular column, and is not particularly limited herein by way of example.
One end of the telescopic member 12 is fixed to the housing 11 by a bolt, and the other end of the housing 11 is in interference fit with the first hydraulic cylinder 20 by internal threads and external threads, which are not specifically limited herein.
In one embodiment, the housing 11 is provided with a vent 111, and the first cavity 81 is communicated with the outside through the vent 111, so that the first cavity 81 is a non-closed cavity, the first cavity 81 is prevented from generating negative pressure by the shrinkage motion of the telescopic component 12, and the stability of the operation of the valve driving device is improved.
The first hydraulic cylinder 20 is provided with a hydraulic oil injection hole 202 on a side wall of the second chamber 82, and is threaded in the hydraulic oil injection hole 202 by a screw for sealing the second chamber 82.
The shape of the first hydraulic cylinder 20 may be determined by the installation position of the valve drive device integrated in the vehicle, and is not particularly limited herein.
In one embodiment, at least one seal 84 is mounted on the edge of the master piston 21; at least one sealing ring 84 is mounted on the edge of the upper piston 22; at least one sealing ring 84 is mounted on the edge of the lower piston 23. Oil leakage in the second cavity 82 and the third cavity 83 is avoided through the sealing ring 84, so that the working stability of the valve driving device is further improved, and pollution to the installation environment of the valve driving device is avoided.
The seal 84 may be made of a wear-resistant material such as rubber, which is not particularly limited herein, as long as the seal 84 is made of a wear-resistant material.
In one embodiment, the contact area of the main piston 21 with the hydraulic oil is larger than the contact area of the upper piston 22 with the hydraulic oil and larger than the contact area of the lower piston 23 with the hydraulic oil, thereby converting a small stroke of the main piston 21 into a large stroke of the upper piston 22 and the lower piston 23, and increasing the height of the valve driving device for opening the valve 90 while reducing the size of the valve driving device.
It will be appreciated that the size relationship among the main piston 21, the upper piston 22, and the lower piston 23 may be set according to the application scenario of the valve driving device, and the example is not specifically limited herein.
In one embodiment, the valve driving device further comprises a hydraulic connecting pipe and a second hydraulic cylinder;
two ends of the hydraulic connecting pipe are respectively communicated with the first hydraulic cylinder 20 and the second hydraulic cylinder;
the third chamber 83 for containing hydraulic oil is formed among the upper piston 22, the first hydraulic cylinder 20, the hydraulic connection pipe, the second hydraulic cylinder, and the lower piston 23. The lower piston 23 is separated from the first hydraulic cylinder 20 by the hydraulic connecting pipe, and the first hydraulic cylinder 20 and the housing 11 are installed separately from the lower piston 23, which is advantageous for installation of the valve driving device in a vehicle.
The hydraulic connection pipe may be a soft pipe or a hard pipe, and is not particularly limited in this example.
The shape of the second hydraulic cylinder may be determined by the mounting position of the valve drive device integrated in the vehicle, and is not particularly limited here.
In one embodiment, the valve driving device further includes a support block 85, and the support block 85 is connected to a side of the lower piston 23 remote from the third chamber 83. By providing the support block 85, the valve driving device can control the opening and closing of the plurality of valves 90 at the same time, reducing the cost.
In one embodiment, the controller is located within the housing 11 for reducing the number of connecting wires. The controller is arranged in the first cavity 81 formed between the housing 11 and the first hydraulic cylinder 20, so that connecting wires between the controller and the telescopic part 12 are reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The oil storage part may be an oilcan, a lubrication oil passage, and is not particularly limited herein by way of example.
In one embodiment, the telescoping member 12 comprises a piezoelectric actuator. The piezoelectric actuator has high control precision, so that stepless adjustment of the stroke of the valve 90 opened and closed by the valve driving device is realized. It will be appreciated that the telescopic member 12 further comprises a motor, a cylinder for telescopic movement, and the examples are not particularly limited.
The piezoelectric actuator is capable of realizing expansion and contraction based on a piezoelectric effect, and can be selected from the prior art, and is not particularly limited herein. The piezoelectric effect, when some dielectrics are deformed by the action of external force along a certain direction, the polarization phenomenon is generated in the dielectrics, meanwhile, opposite charges are generated on the two opposite surfaces of the dielectrics, and when the external force is removed, the dielectrics are restored to an uncharged state, and the phenomenon is called positive piezoelectric effect; when the direction of the force changes, the polarity of the charge changes. Conversely, when an electric field is applied to the dielectric materials in the polarization direction, the dielectric materials are deformed, and when the electric field is removed, the deformation of the dielectric materials disappears, which is called an inverse piezoelectric effect, the coefficients of the positive piezoelectric effect and the inverse piezoelectric effect are equal, and the material having the positive piezoelectric effect inevitably has the inverse piezoelectric effect.
Because the extension distance of the piezoelectric actuator is proportional to the driving voltage, the purpose of changing the lift of the valve 90 can be realized by changing the voltage value of the driving voltage; because the piezoelectric actuator has high control precision, the electronic throttle valve 90 in the prior art can be omitted; because the response speed of the piezoelectric actuator is very high, the opening and closing time of the valve 90 can be precisely controlled, and even the opening mode of the valve 90 can be realized for a plurality of times in one stroke, so that the valve has higher combustion efficiency under the idle speed and low load working conditions.
The compression ratio and the expansion ratio of the traditional otto cycle internal combustion engine are the same, and after the valve driving device is used, the air inlet valve 90 is delayed to close after the air inlet stroke is finished, the piston moves upwards under the drive of the crankshaft, and part of mixed gas sucked into the cylinder is spit back to the air inlet manifold; when the intake valve 90 is closed, the compressed mixture is already less than the mixture sucked in during the intake stroke, the compression ratio is reduced variably, and the expansion ratio is kept unchanged; it is understood that the operation in which the expansion ratio is larger than the compression ratio can also be achieved by controlling the amount of air-fuel mixture sucked into the cylinder by controlling the time and lift of opening the intake valve 90; thereby simply realizing the otto cycle to the miller cycle mode.
In one embodiment, the number of the piezoelectric actuating elements is one, and the piezoelectric actuating element has a simple structure and low cost.
In one embodiment, the number of piezoelectric actuators is at least two, and all of the piezoelectric actuators are arranged in parallel. The support force to the main piston 21 is increased by arranging a plurality of piezoelectric actuators in parallel, and backup can be performed, thereby ensuring the reliability of the operation of the valve driving device.
In one embodiment, the number of piezoelectric actuators is at least two;
The piezoelectric actuators are arranged in series for increasing the distance of linear movement of the main piston 21. The stroke of the main piston 21 is increased by the serial arrangement of the piezoelectric actuators, so that the valve drive device can be applied to a use scenario in which the long telescopic member 12 and the smaller first hydraulic cylinder 20 are used due to insufficient space.
In one embodiment, the series of piezoelectric actuators may be divided into two series, three series, four series, etc., as examples and are not particularly limited. Each group comprises at least one piezoelectric actuator, the travel of the master piston 21 is twice that of the master piston 21 when not in series, three times that of the master piston 21 when not in series, and four times that of the master piston 21 when not in series.
In another embodiment, the piezoelectric actuator further comprises at least one connecting sheet, wherein the connecting sheet is positioned between two adjacent groups of piezoelectric actuators, so that the stability of the piezoelectric actuators when the piezoelectric actuators are arranged in series is improved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in one embodiment, the valve driving device further includes a power supply, a boost control circuit, a half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit, and a pulse slope control circuit;
The half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit comprises an upper half-bridge circuit and a lower half-bridge circuit;
the input end of the boost control circuit is connected with the power supply, and the output end of the boost control circuit is electrically connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube of the upper half-bridge circuit so as to be used for voltage conversion;
The input end of the pulse slope control circuit is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube of the upper half-bridge circuit and the source electrode of the MOS tube of the lower half-bridge circuit, and the output end of the pulse slope control circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric actuator for controlling the speed of opening or closing the valve 90 of the valve driving device;
the drain electrode of the MOS tube of the lower half-bridge circuit is grounded;
the controller is electrically connected with the boost control circuit and the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit and is used for controlling the boost control circuit and the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit to work. Thereby realizing the separate control of the lift of the valve 90 and the timing of the valve 90, and having simple control and high control precision.
The boost control circuit may select an integrated circuit from the prior art, which may steplessly convert an input voltage and output the same, for example, converting an input 12V into an output of 100V or 105V or 200V, which is not particularly limited herein.
The pulse slope control circuit may select an integrated circuit capable of controlling the discharge speed of the piezoelectric actuator from the prior art, which is not described herein. The pulse slope control circuit reduces the impact of the valve 90 and the valve 90 of the valve driving device when the valve 90 is opened and closed, reduces noise and prolongs the service life of the valve driving device.
The lift of the valve 90 can be changed by changing the output voltage of the boost control circuit, and the pulse time of the upper half-bridge circuit of the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit is the opening time of the valve 90, and the pulse time of the lower half-bridge circuit of the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit is the closing time of the valve 90. By changing the pulse slope of the pulse slope control circuit, the speed of opening and closing of the valve 90 can be controlled.
Fig. 5 shows the principle of the half-bridge pre-drive and protection circuit, and the example is not limited in detail.
In one embodiment, the valve driving device further comprises a voltage feedback circuit, an input end of the voltage feedback circuit is electrically connected with an output end of the boost control circuit, and the controller is electrically connected with the voltage feedback circuit for receiving the output voltage of the boost control circuit fed back by the voltage feedback circuit. The controller calculates the stroke of the valve 90 according to the output voltage of the boost control circuit fed back by the voltage feedback circuit, and by monitoring the stroke of the valve 90 in real time, the control precision is improved, the stepless adjustment of the stroke is further ensured, and the working stability of the valve driving device is improved.
In one embodiment, the valve driving device further includes a displacement sensor mounted on the lower piston 23 for measuring the stroke of the lower piston 23. By monitoring the stroke of the lower piston 23 in real time, the stroke of the valve 90 can be obtained in real time, the control precision is improved, stepless adjustment of the stroke is further ensured, and the working stability of the valve driving device is improved.
The voltage feedback circuit may be an integrated circuit that may be selected from the prior art to implement a corresponding function, which is not described herein.
In one embodiment, an internal combustion engine is provided that includes a valve drive apparatus as described in any one of the above.
In the valve driving device of the internal combustion engine of the present embodiment, the main piston 21 is pushed to compress the hydraulic oil in the second cavity 82 by the extending movement of the extension member 12, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the second cavity 82 will push the upper piston 22 to move in the direction of the lower piston 23 due to the incompressibility of the hydraulic oil; before the upper piston 22 moves to the lash adjustment hole 201, excess hydraulic oil in the third chamber 83 will flow out of the third chamber 83 from the lash adjustment hole 201, during which the lower piston 23 does not move; the upper piston 22 continues to move to cover the gap adjusting hole 201, at this time, the third chamber 83 is a sealed chamber, and the movement of the upper piston 22 compresses the hydraulic oil in the third chamber 83, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the third chamber 83 pushes the lower piston 23 to move in a direction away from the third chamber 83 due to incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, and the movement of the lower piston 23 pushes the opening and closing of the valve 90. The volume of the hydraulic oil in the third cavity 83 is always the same by adjusting the clearance adjusting holes 201, so that the consistency of the travel from the movement of the telescopic part 12 to the movement of the lower piston 23, which is influenced by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic oil, is avoided, and the consistency of the operation of the valve driving device is improved; by the control of the telescopic member 12 by the controller, continuous adjustment is achieved while ensuring the response speed. Therefore, the valve driving device of the internal combustion engine can be adjusted according to the working conditions of different rotation speeds of the internal combustion engine, has high temperature resistance and stepless and adjustable stroke, and can obtain ideal air intake and exhaust efficiency at high and low rotation speeds.
It is understood that the same valve actuation device controls the intake valve 90 or the exhaust valve 90 of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine separately, e.g. one valve actuation device controls at least one intake valve 90 of the same cylinder of the internal combustion engine, or one valve actuation device controls at least one exhaust valve 90 of the same cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
In one embodiment, the upper piston 22 is located above the lower piston 23 when the valve drive device is in operation. Thereby controlling the overall height of the engine head.
In one embodiment, an engine is provided comprising a valve drive apparatus as described in any one of the above, or an internal combustion engine as described above.
In one embodiment, a vehicle is provided comprising a valve actuation device as described in any one of the preceding claims, or an internal combustion engine as described above, or an engine as described above.
Such vehicles include automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, trains, watercraft, and the like, and are not particularly limited by the examples herein.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A valve drive apparatus characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the hydraulic system comprises a first hydraulic cylinder, a shell, a telescopic part, a main piston, an upper piston, a lower piston, an oil storage part and a controller;
the main piston, the upper piston and the lower piston are movably arranged in the first hydraulic cylinder;
a first cavity is formed between the shell and the first hydraulic cylinder;
A second cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the main piston and the first hydraulic cylinder as well as between the main piston and the upper piston;
A third cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed between the first hydraulic cylinder and the upper piston and between the first hydraulic cylinder and the lower piston;
The telescopic component is positioned in the first cavity, and two ends of the telescopic component are respectively connected with the shell and one side, far away from the second cavity, of the main piston so as to drive the main piston to do linear motion;
a gap adjusting hole is formed in the side wall of the first hydraulic cylinder;
the oil storage component is communicated with the third cavity through the clearance adjusting hole, so that the volume of hydraulic oil in the third cavity is always the same;
the controller is electrically connected with the telescopic component and used for controlling the telescopic component to do telescopic motion;
The contact area of the main piston and the hydraulic oil is larger than that of the upper piston and the hydraulic oil, and is larger than that of the lower piston and the hydraulic oil;
the valve driving device further comprises a hydraulic connecting pipe and a second hydraulic cylinder;
two ends of the hydraulic connecting pipe are respectively communicated with the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder;
the third cavity for containing hydraulic oil is formed among the upper piston, the first hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic connecting pipe, the second hydraulic cylinder and the lower piston;
The main piston is pushed to compress the hydraulic oil in the second cavity through the extending movement of the telescopic part, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the second cavity pushes the upper piston to move towards the lower piston due to incompressibility of the hydraulic oil; before the upper piston moves to the gap adjusting hole, redundant hydraulic oil in the third cavity flows out of the third cavity from the gap adjusting hole, and the lower piston does not move in the process; the upper piston continues to move to cover the gap adjusting hole, at this time, the third cavity is a sealed cavity, the movement of the upper piston compresses hydraulic oil in the third cavity, and the compressed hydraulic oil in the third cavity pushes the lower piston to move away from the third cavity due to incompressibility of the hydraulic oil, and the movement of the lower piston pushes the valve to open and close; the volume of hydraulic oil in the third cavity is always the same through adjustment of the clearance adjustment holes.
2. A valve drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the valve driving device further comprises a supporting block, and the supporting block is connected with one side, far away from the third cavity, of the lower piston.
3. A valve drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the controller is located within the housing for reducing the number of connecting wires.
4. A valve drive apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the telescoping member includes a piezoelectric actuator.
5. A valve drive apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: the number of the piezoelectric actuating elements is at least two, and all the piezoelectric actuating elements are arranged in parallel.
6. A valve drive apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: the number of the piezoelectric actuating elements is at least two;
The piezoelectric actuators are arranged in series for increasing the distance of linear motion of the master piston.
7. A valve drive apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: the valve driving device further comprises a power supply, a boost control circuit, a half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit and a pulse slope control circuit;
The half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit comprises an upper half-bridge circuit and a lower half-bridge circuit;
the input end of the boost control circuit is connected with the power supply, and the output end of the boost control circuit is electrically connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube of the upper half-bridge circuit so as to be used for voltage conversion;
The input end of the pulse slope control circuit is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube of the upper half-bridge circuit and the source electrode of the MOS tube of the lower half-bridge circuit, and the output end of the pulse slope control circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric actuator for controlling the speed of opening or closing the valve of the valve driving device;
the drain electrode of the MOS tube of the lower half-bridge circuit is grounded;
The controller is electrically connected with the boost control circuit and the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit and is used for controlling the boost control circuit and the half-bridge pre-driving and protecting circuit to work.
8. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that: comprising a valve drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8 wherein: when the valve driving device works, the upper piston is positioned above the lower piston.
10. A vehicle, characterized by: a valve drive apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, or an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 8 or 9.
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| CN201910807921.1A CN110500156B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Valve driving device, internal combustion engine and vehicle |
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| CN210714802U (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-06-09 | 上海联芊电子科技有限公司 | Valve driving device, internal combustion engine and vehicle |
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| JP2527268Y2 (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1997-02-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Valve train for internal combustion engine |
| US5456223A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1995-10-10 | Ford Motor Company | Electric actuator for spool valve control of electrohydraulic valvetrain |
| CN2225540Y (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1996-04-24 | 张宇坤 | Eccentric wheel (Cam) hydraulic valve mechanism |
| KR100689076B1 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2007-03-09 | 디이젤 엔진 리타더스, 인코포레이티드 | Engine valve actuator with valve seating control |
| US7464678B2 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-12-16 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Hydraulic lash adjuster |
| CN102032012A (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-04-27 | 天津蹊径动力技术有限公司 | Radial permanent magnet linear motor type electromagnetic valve driving system |
| TR201615225T1 (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2017-08-21 | Ford Otomotiv Sanayi As | VALVE TIMING SYSTEM |
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