CN110499170B - Coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device - Google Patents
Coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110499170B CN110499170B CN201910916460.1A CN201910916460A CN110499170B CN 110499170 B CN110499170 B CN 110499170B CN 201910916460 A CN201910916460 A CN 201910916460A CN 110499170 B CN110499170 B CN 110499170B
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- steam
- coke oven
- sensible heat
- raw gas
- heat recovery
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
- C10B27/06—Conduit details, e.g. valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
- F22G1/005—Steam superheating characterised by heating method the heat being supplied by steam
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of coking raw gas equipment, in particular to a coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device which is simple to install and higher in heat exchange efficiency. The invention solves the problems of low steam quality, high price, easy coking of heat exchange equipment, difficult installation, high replacement and maintenance cost and the like, effectively recovers the waste heat of the coke oven crude gas on the basis of ensuring the normal operation of the coke oven, and can obviously improve the energy-saving level of the coke oven. The invention is particularly suitable for recovering the sensible heat of the raw gas of the coke oven.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coking raw gas equipment, in particular to a coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device.
Background
In the coking units of iron and steel enterprises and coal chemical enterprises, coke oven coking is the main mode for producing coke. The coke oven coking production is accompanied with the conversion and release of a large amount of heat energy, and in the process, four forms of sensible (residual) heat resources are mainly generated, namely the sensible heat of red coke, the sensible heat of coke oven crude gas, the residual heat of coke oven flue gas and the heat dissipation of a coke oven body. Wherein, the sensible heat of the coke oven crude gas accounts for about 35 percent of the total heat resources discharged in the coke oven production. In the coking process of the coke oven, the temperature of the raw coke oven gas in the ascending pipe of the coke oven is as high as 650-850 ℃, and a large amount of sensible heat is contained. In actual production, in order to ensure the safety of equipment and smooth process, the common method is to cool the medium-high temperature raw gas by adopting an ammonia water spraying and quenching process, namely, circulating ammonia water is sprayed on a bridge pipe and a gas collecting pipe to directly contact with the raw gas, so that the raw gas is rapidly cooled to 80-85 ℃, and the cooled raw gas is indirectly cooled to normal temperature by using cooling water in a primary cooler. The process flow not only wastes a large amount of sensible heat of the raw coke oven gas, but also consumes a large amount of ammonia water and industrial cooling water, thereby causing a large amount of sewage discharge and power consumption. Because the components of the medium-high temperature raw gas discharged by the coke oven are complex, and the flow and the temperature change periodically, if the temperature of the raw gas is reduced to about 450 ℃ or below, a large amount of tar components can be separated out to cause the blockage of a through pipe so as to influence the smooth production, and the sensible heat recovery of the raw gas is an industrial technical problem all the time, so that the sensible heat recovery of the raw gas of the coke oven is one of the research hotspots of energy conservation and emission reduction in the coking industry.
At present, a few domestic coke-oven plants and research units research the sensible heat recovery technology and device of raw coke oven gas, but the technology and device for sensible heat recovery on the outer surface of a barrel of an ascending pipe are generally adopted, namely a jacketed technology and a coil pipe type technology and device, the sensible heat recovery technology and device are of an integral double-wall structure, the bottleneck problem of low heat exchange efficiency exists due to the limitation of two-stage/two-layer heat transfer of the barrel and the pipe shell, and the generated steam quality is not high directly. The two types of devices are large in size and material consumption, the whole ascending pipe with the height of several meters needs to be replaced, the price of the monomer reaches about 15-18 ten thousand per pipe, and the device is high in price and inconvenient to replace. In particular, the jacketed sensible heat recovery device adopts a cavity water storage mode, so that once the cavity is bulged, cracked and leaked, a large amount of water can cause serious potential safety hazards to coke oven equipment.
The patent application with the application number of 201821349087.3 discloses a sensible heat recycling device for crude gas of a coke oven with fins, which is essentially a jacket type integrated structure consisting of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and the heat exchange area is increased by newly adding fins, so that the sensible heat recycling efficiency can be properly improved. However, the device provided by the application still belongs to a jacket type structure, and the problem of cavity cracking and water leakage cannot be solved essentially.
The patent application with the application number of 201420811623.2 and the name of 'sensible heat recovery device of a crude gas riser of a coke oven' proposes to adopt a spiral coil and a molten salt heat-conducting medium so as to solve the problems of equipment water leakage, heat-conducting medium deterioration and the like. The recovery unit that this application provided is owing to adopt spiral coil pipe structure inside the tedge, will increase the resistance that raw coke oven gas flows and easily cause the not smooth problem of air current, leads to raw coke oven gas coking on the spiral coil pipe easily simultaneously, causes the pipeline to corrode and heat exchange efficiency sharply reduces the scheduling problem.
The patent application with the application number of 201410309838.9 and the name of 'method and equipment for guiding out a rising pipe waste heat inserted type temperature control thermal expansion decoking heat pipe', innovatively adopts a built-in single sensible heat recovery mode, and a single sensible heat recovery device is independently arranged in a rising pipe, so that the method and the equipment have the advantages of low replacement and maintenance cost and the like, but the most critical problem is that the steam and water are not separated because the inside of the single sensible heat recovery device is a completely through hollow structure, and only saturated steam with low value can be generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device which is simple to install and higher in heat exchange efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the sensible heat recovery device for the raw coke oven gas comprises a steam heating device shell and a water vapor downcomer arranged in the steam heating device shell, wherein a cavity separating plate is arranged in the steam heating device shell, the cavity separating plate divides the inner cavity of the steam heating device shell into a steam generating area at the upper part and a steam heating area at the lower part, the water vapor downcomer penetrates through the cavity separating plate and communicates the steam generating area with the steam heating area, the steam heating area is communicated with a steam outlet, and the steam generating area is communicated with a water inlet pipe.
Further, a liquid water film distributor is arranged at the outlet end of the water inlet pipe.
Further, the inlet end of the water inlet pipe is arranged in the steam outlet, and the water inlet pipe penetrates through the cavity separating plate to be communicated with the steam generating area.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the water inlet pipe is sleeved with a water inlet pipe protective sleeve.
Furthermore, a splash plate is arranged above the outlet end of the water inlet pipe.
Further, the steam generation device comprises a liquid level adjusting pipe, and the part of the steam descending pipe, which is positioned in the steam generation area, is communicated with the liquid level adjusting pipe.
Further, the outlet end at the bottom of the water vapor downcomer is provided with a diffuser.
Further, a soaking device is arranged at the bottom of the shell of the steam heating device.
Furthermore, the separate cavity plate is connected with the ladder-shaped heat exchange block on the inner wall surface of the shell of the steam heating device.
Furthermore, a lifting lug is arranged at the top of the shell of the steam heating device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the heat exchanger is actually used, the heat exchange working medium firstly enters the steam generation area through the water inlet pipe and firstly forms steam. And then, the formed steam flows from the steam generation area to the steam heating area through a steam downcomer, the steam superheating is realized in the steam heating area, and finally, the steam which realizes the steam superheating is discharged through a steam outlet, so that the superheated steam is provided for the subsequent process. The invention can generate superheated steam with different pressures and temperatures according to requirements, and can control the temperature of the coke oven crude gas outlet to be higher than the tar critical precipitation temperature in an expected temperature region or a temperature point of 450 ℃ at which a large amount of tar is precipitated, thereby greatly avoiding equipment bonding accidents. The invention solves the problems of low steam quality, high price, easy coking of heat exchange equipment, difficult installation, high replacement and maintenance cost and the like, effectively recovers the waste heat of the coke oven crude gas on the basis of ensuring the normal operation of the coke oven, and can obviously improve the energy-saving level of the coke oven. The invention is particularly suitable for recovering the sensible heat of the raw gas of the coke oven.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Labeled as: the device comprises a water vapor downcomer 1, a water inlet pipe 2, a steam generation zone shell 3, a water inlet pipe protective sleeve 4, an ascending pipe 5, a diffuser 6, a soaking device 7, a cavity partition plate 8, a ladder-shaped heat exchange block 9, a liquid level adjusting pipe 10, a liquid water film distributor 11, a splash plate 12, a steam outlet 13, a device shell 14, a steam generation zone A, a steam heating zone B, a water vapor downcomer upper end part L1 and a water vapor downcomer lower end part L2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The sensible heat recovery device of the raw coke oven gas as shown in fig. 1 comprises a device shell 14 and a water vapor downcomer 1 arranged in the device shell 14, wherein a cavity separating plate 8 is arranged in the device shell 14, the cavity separating plate 8 divides the inner cavity of the device shell 14 into a steam generating area A at the upper part and a steam heating area B at the lower part, the water vapor downcomer 1 penetrates through the cavity separating plate 8 and communicates the steam generating area A with the steam heating area B, the steam heating area B is communicated with a steam outlet 13, and the steam generating area A is communicated with a water inlet pipe 2. The method can economically and effectively recover the raw coke oven gas sensible heat with high quality, and has important significance for promoting the energy-saving technical progress of the coking units of iron and steel enterprises and coal chemical enterprises, reducing the carbon emission in the production process and realizing the sensible heat recovery economy.
In terms of specific structure, the cavity partition plate 8 basically functions to partition the device housing 14 into an upper and a lower multi-cavity multi-state regions, the upper region, i.e., the steam generation region a, realizes steam generation, the lower region, i.e., the steam heating region B, realizes steam superheating, and the cavity partition plate 8 also has the function of containing a small amount of liquid water which is not evaporated completely. In consideration of practical requirements, the wall thickness of the whole device housing 14 part of the device is preferably selected in the range of 2mm-8mm, the total length of the device housing 14 is preferably in the range of 2/5-4/5 of the height of the riser 5, and the length ratio of the upper end part L1 of the water vapor downcomer to the lower end part L2 of the water vapor downcomer is preferably 0.4: 1-1.8: 1, the distance between the outer wall of the device shell 14 and the inner wall of the ascending pipe 5 is at least more than 8 mm. It is generally preferred that the cavity plate 8 is connected to a stepped heat exchange block 9 on the inner wall surface of the device housing 14. For convenience of use, it is preferable that the top of the device case 14 is provided with a lifting lug 15. Preferably, the shape of the inner cavity of the shell 3 of the steam generating device is inverted pear shape, inverted cone shape, inverted trapezoid shape or other shapes with approximate big top and small bottom; the bottom most aspect of the device housing 14 is preferably hemispherical, ellipsoidal, or conical.
In order to scatter and uniformly spray or coat the medium-high pressure liquid water in the water inlet pipe 2 onto the inner wall of the steam generation area A, so as to quickly form steam, a liquid water coating device 11 can be optionally arranged at the outlet end of the water inlet pipe 2.
For the convenience of later installation, it is preferable that the inlet end of the water inlet pipe 2 is arranged in the steam outlet 13, and the water inlet pipe 2 passes through the cavity partition plate 8 to communicate with the steam generation area A. As shown in fig. 1, the water inlet pipe 2 and the steam outlet 13 pass through the riser pipe 5, thereby inputting the heat exchange medium outside the riser pipe 5 into the device case 14 and delivering the superheated steam to the outside of the device case 14. Wherein, the heat exchange working medium can be selected from desalted water, deoxygenated water, unsaturated water, saturated steam and the like. In this process, in order to prevent lowering of the superheated steam temperature, such a scheme may be selected: the outer wall of the water inlet pipe 2 is sleeved with a water inlet pipe protective sleeve 4. As shown in fig. 1, the protective sleeve 4 of the water inlet pipe can prevent the heat exchange working medium flowing in the water inlet pipe 2 from reducing the temperature of the superheated steam.
In order to isolate the influence of low-temperature liquid water sprayed by the liquid water film distributor 11 on generated steam in the water supply process, thereby playing a certain steam-water separation role and ensuring the smooth generation of the steam, a splash plate 12 can be arranged above the outlet end of the water inlet pipe 2. The presence of the splash plate 12 allows the steam to be generated more smoothly, and the generated steam can be smoothly transported through the steam downcomer 1.
In order to adjust the feed water quantity when the feed water quantity is relatively high, the following scheme can be selected: the steam generation device comprises a liquid level adjusting pipe 10, wherein the part of the steam downcomer 1, which is positioned in a steam generation area A, is communicated with the liquid level adjusting pipe 10. When the water supply quantity is relatively higher or the raw gas quantity and the temperature are lower, the water supply rate is larger than the evaporation rate, the liquid water flows into the water vapor downcomer 1 through the liquid level adjusting pipe 10 and directly enters the steam heating zone B, and is directly heated and vaporized.
In order to scatter and uniformly supply water into the cavity, thereby improving the efficiency of steam superheating, the following scheme can be selected: the outlet end of the bottom of the water vapor downcomer 1 is provided with a diffuser 6. The diffuser 6 can well diffuse the steam to the steam heating area B, thereby obtaining a better steam superheating effect. Meanwhile, in order to make the efficiency of the steam superheating higher, a soaking device 7 can be arranged at the bottom of the device shell 14 optionally, so that the distribution of heat is optimized, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
The wall layer of the device shell 14 is locally preferably thickened, and the outer wall of the device shell 14 is preferably sprayed with a high-thermal-conductivity anti-bonding material. In addition, a temperature and pressure detection element is preferably further arranged in the inner cavity of the whole device and is related to the water supply quantity, so that the control of the water quantity is realized.
In practical use, a plurality of groups of raw coke oven gas sensible heat recovery devices can be flexibly arranged in parallel or in series in one ascending pipe 5 according to requirements, so that the steam production energy or the steam quality can be improved. The invention can be used in the working environment of the non-coke oven crude gas riser or used for producing saturated steam, or used for producing hot water, or used for heating gas and other liquids.
Examples
Example 1
The device shell 14 of the coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device has the pipe wall thickness of 5mm, the outer wall is sprayed with high heat conduction materials, the uppermost end is of an inverted pear shape, the lowermost end is of a hemispherical shape, a single pipe is placed in an ascending pipe according to the structural form of the coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device, and the temperature of an upper measuring point in the ascending pipe within a period of time is about 825 ℃. Unsaturated water with pressure is used as a heat exchange working medium and is conveyed into the device through the water inlet pipe under a certain pressure condition, the temperature of superheated steam at a steam outlet of the device can reach 211 ℃, the temperature of a measuring point is reduced by about 98 ℃, the output of the superheated steam is realized, and the temperature of raw coke oven gas after heat exchange is ensured to be higher than 460 ℃.
Example 2
Two sets of coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery devices with the same structure and the pipe wall thickness of 3mm are respectively in an inverted cone shape at the uppermost end and in a hemispherical shape at the lowermost end, and are placed in the same ascending pipe in a serial connection mode according to the structural form of the coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device, and a water inlet of one set of the device is connected with a steam outlet of the other set of the device through an adapter. The temperature of an upper measuring point in the ascending pipe within a period of time is about 800 ℃, deoxygenated water is used as a heat exchange working medium, the deoxygenated water sequentially flows through two sets of devices through a water inlet pipe under a certain pressure condition, the temperature of superheated steam at a final steam outlet of the devices can reach 258 ℃, the temperature of the measuring point is reduced by about 196 ℃, the output of the superheated steam is increased, and the temperature of raw coke oven gas after heat exchange is higher than 460 ℃.
The two groups of embodiments clearly show that compared with the traditional heat exchange equipment, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages of obvious technical advantages and wide market popularization prospect.
Claims (5)
1. The coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device is characterized in that: comprises a device shell (14) and a water vapor downcomer (1) arranged in the device shell (14), wherein a cavity separating plate (8) is arranged in the device shell (14), the cavity separating plate (8) divides the inner cavity part of the device shell (14) into a steam generation area (A) positioned at the upper part and a steam heating area (B) positioned at the lower part, the water vapor downcomer (1) penetrates through the cavity separating plate (8) and communicates the steam generation area (A) with the steam heating area (B), the steam heating area (B) is communicated with a steam outlet (13), the steam generation area (A) is communicated with a water inlet pipe (2), a liquid water film distributor (11) is arranged at the outlet end of the water inlet pipe (2), the inlet end of the water inlet pipe (2) is arranged in the steam outlet (13), the water inlet pipe (2) penetrates through the cavity separating plate (8) and communicates with the steam generation area (A), a protective sleeve (4) of the water inlet pipe is sleeved on the outer wall of the water, a splash plate (12) is arranged above the outlet end of the water inlet pipe (2), and a soaking device (7) is arranged at the bottom of the device shell (14).
2. The coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device of claim 1, characterized in that: the steam generation device comprises a liquid level adjusting pipe (10), wherein the part of the steam downcomer (1) located in a steam generation area (A) is communicated with the liquid level adjusting pipe (10).
3. The coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device of claim 1, characterized in that: the outlet end of the bottom of the water vapor downcomer (1) is provided with a scatterer (6).
4. The coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device of claim 1, characterized in that: the cavity separating plate (8) is connected with a ladder-shaped heat exchange block (9) on the inner wall surface of the device shell (14).
5. The coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device of claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the device shell (14) is provided with a lifting lug (15).
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| CN201910916460.1A CN110499170B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device |
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| CN201910916460.1A CN110499170B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Coke oven raw gas sensible heat recovery device |
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| CN110499170B true CN110499170B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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| CN113028375B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-07-29 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Atomizing heat transfer device and system |
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| CN201724194U (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-01-26 | 南京国昌化工科技有限公司 | Horizontal sleeve type high-temperature waste heat recovery device capable of simultaneously generating saturated steam and superheated steam |
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