CN1104960C - Cyclone separator - Google Patents
Cyclone separator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1104960C CN1104960C CN97197594A CN97197594A CN1104960C CN 1104960 C CN1104960 C CN 1104960C CN 97197594 A CN97197594 A CN 97197594A CN 97197594 A CN97197594 A CN 97197594A CN 1104960 C CN1104960 C CN 1104960C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- gas
- cyclonic separator
- catalyst
- granules
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
- B01J8/0055—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream using cyclones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Cyclone separator (1) comprising a vertical housing (2) open at its lower end (4) provided with a cover (5) at its upper end having a central opening (8), an inlet duct (10) for tangential entry of a mixture of gas and catalyst particles from the outlet of a riser reactor (15) of a fluid-bed catalytic cracking plant, a particles discharge duct (16) communicating with the open lower end (4) of the vertical housing (2), and a gas outlet duct (18) having a vertical section (20) which extends through the central opening (8) in the cover (5), which cyclone separator (1) further comprises an open-ended pipe (23) arranged in the central opening (8) so as to define an annular gas inlet conduit (25) between the vertical section (20) and the open-ended pipe (23), and swirl imparting means (30) arranged in the annular gas inlet conduit (25).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cyclonic separator, this separator is used as an interior separation phase of reaction vessel of the reaction vertical tube (standpipe) that contains fluid-bed catalytic cracking unit.
Background technology
Known fluid-bed catalytic cracking unit comprises: a reaction vessel; A vertical reaction vertical tube, its upper end outlet separator system fluid interior with being arranged in reaction vessel is communicated with; With a regeneration container.When normal running, (hydrocarbon) charging of regenerated catalyst particles and hydrocarbonaceous infeeds from the entrance end of reaction vertical tube, carries out catalytic cracking in vertical tube, becomes the mixture of gaseous product and granules of catalyst.This mixture leaves the reaction vertical tube under high temperature between 500 and 540 ℃ or higher temperature.The mixture of gaseous product and granules of catalyst is sent in the separator system, and gaseous product and granules of catalyst are separated there.Gaseous product is drained from the upper end of reaction vessel, and granules of catalyst then is discharged into the bottom of reaction vessel, and granules of catalyst is by stripping there.Steam stripped granules of catalyst is sent to regeneration container, and the coke that is deposited on the particle during cracking is at high temperature burnt there, draws products of combustion and regenerated catalyzer.Products of combustion is drained from the upper end of regeneration container, and the regenerated catalyzer then is reused.
A kind of like this fluid-bed catalytic cracking unit once illustrated in No. 488549, european patent application communique.Separation known device system has a cyclonic separator and an auxiliary cyclonic separator, so that provide secondary to separate.This cyclonic separator has: a vertical shell, and its lower end is opened wide, and its upper end is provided with a lid, has covered a centre hole; One enters pipe, is used for being fed tangentially from the outlet of vertical tube reactor the mixture of gas and granules of catalyst; A particle vent pipe is communicated with the unlimited lower end of vertical shell; With a gas discharge pipe, this Guan Youyi vertical section extends through the centre hole that covers, and the outside diameter of this vertical section is less than the diameter of centre hole.The outside surface of centre hole and gas discharge pipe forms a cyclic admission port.
This cyclonic separator is disposed in the top of reaction vessel, makes when normal running that the stripping gas physical efficiency is drawn in the cyclonic separator by the pressure difference between reaction vessel interior and cyclonic separator inside by the ring-type admission port in reaction vessel.
US-A-5362379 once disclosed a kind of cyclonic separator, and this separator has a vertical shell, which is provided with one and entered pipe, can be used to be fed tangentially from the vertical tube reactor of fluid-bed catalytic cracking unit the mixture of gas and solid particulate.This separator also has a termination openings pipe in the centre hole that is arranged in lid, so that enter pipe at the vertical section of gas outlet pipe to just forming a ring-type gas between the internal surface of the outside surface of small part and termination openings pipe.According to this part communique, the direction of stripping gas is left and is rich in the solid gas zone in separator.The result can not separate from the air-flow of cyclonic separator as in the present invention effectively at the intravital solid of stripping gas.
DE-A-4136935 discloses a kind of cyclonic separator, and this separator has a vertical shell, which is provided with one and enters pipe, can be used to be fed tangentially the mixture of gas and solid particulate.This cyclone also is provided with some measures, is used for changing when cyclone is operated gas outlet pipe opening neighbouring pressure and flow pattern.These measures are for example for around the air-flow that is directed downwards in the annulus of vertical gas outlet pipe.This annulus can be provided with the vortex applicator.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to improve the lower level of separation efficiency of the efficient of known cyclone separator, particularly cyclonic separator.
For this purpose, comprise according to cyclonic separator of the present invention: a vertical shell, its lower end is opened wide, and its upper end is provided with a lid, has covered a centre hole; One enters pipe, is used for being fed tangentially from the outlet of the vertical tube reactor of fluid-bed catalytic cracking unit the mixture of gas and granules of catalyst; A particle vent pipe, it is communicated with and a gas discharge pipe with the unlimited lower end of vertical shell, and this Guan Youyi vertical section extends through the centre hole that covers; This cyclonic separator also comprises: a pipe that is arranged in the termination openings in the centre hole enters pipe so that form a ring-type gas between the internal surface of the pipe of the outside surface of at least a portion of the vertical section of gas discharge pipe and this termination openings; Be arranged in this ring-type gas enter the pipe in vortex applicator (eddy flow generation device).
Utilize the cyclonic separator of the invention described above can make the rotation of fluidic reach maximum efficiency, thereby improve the overall efficiency of this separator greatly.
Other features of the present invention and superiority can be described by the embodiment that carries out in conjunction with following accompanying drawing and see clearlyer.
Description of drawings
With example the present invention is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings now, this figure roughly illustrates the lengthwise section of a part of cyclonic separator of the present invention.
Embodiment
Cyclonic separator 1 of the present invention has a vertical shell 2, in its lower end 4 relief outlet 3 is arranged, and 6 is provided with a lid 5 in the top, on the lid 5 centre hole 8 is arranged.
Cyclonic separator 1 also has one and enters pipe 10, and this pipe extends to the admission port 14 of cyclonic separator 1 from the upper outlet 12 of vertical tube reactor 15, is used for tangentially the mixture of gas and granules of catalyst is input in the cyclonic separator 1.It also has the particle vent pipe 16 and the gas outlet pipe 18 that are communicated with the relief outlet 3 of the lower end 4 of vertical shell 2.
This cyclonic separator also has a pipe 23 that is fixed on the termination openings in the centre hole 8, wherein forms a cyclic gas between the internal surface of the pipe 23 of the outside surface of the bottom of the vertical section 20 of gas outlet pipe 18 and termination openings and enters pipe 25.The form of arranging is the vortex applicator of volution blade 30 in this ring-type gas enters pipe 25.
Cyclonic separator 1 of the present invention is disposed in the top 23 of reaction vessel.Because this reaction vessel is on record, its top 35 only is shown so will not discuss in detail.Because fluid-bed catalytic cracking unit also is on record, so other parts of this equipment will not illustrate.
When normal running, the mixture of gaseous product and granules of catalyst leaves reaction vertical tube 15 by hole 12.This mixture is sucked into to the entering in the pipe 10 of housing 2 openings, so this mixture just tangentially enters in the upper end 6 of housing 2 of cyclonic separator 1.The result just has a kind of mixture that turns round and round in housing 2, gaseous product just is discharged from housing 2 by gas outlet pipe 18.Granules of catalyst is fallen the lower end 4 of housing 2, and they are discharged from by particle vent pipe 16.The granules of catalyst of discharging is collected in the bottom (not shown) of reaction vessel, adheres to the stripping gas institute stripping that product on the particle is supplied to the reaction vessel bottom there.As a result, stripped vapor and just being flowed upward to by steam stripped mixture of products in the freeboard of fluidized bed on the top of reaction vessel below top 35.
This gaseous mixture also contains the granules of catalyst of being carried under one's arms on a small quantity, and these granules of catalyst must be eliminated from gaseous mixture.For this purpose, gaseous mixture enters pipe by ring-type gas and 25 is sucked in the upper end 6 of housing 2.Form is that the vortex applicator of volution blade 30 will be given eddying motion to gaseous mixture, and the granules of catalyst of being carried under one's arms just carries out initially-separate like this, along with mixture this separation that descends in housing 2 is carried out continuously.
Preferably vortex applicator 30 is disposed such, the sense of rotation that it is produced is identical with the sense of rotation of the mixture of gaseous product that comes autoreaction vertical tube 15 and granules of catalyst, the latter's vortex just can be increased like this, thereby can further improve the overall efficiency of cyclonic separator 1.
The outside diameter of vertical section 20 is preferably in the ratio of centre hole 8 diameters in 0.3 to 0.7 the scope.
37 of the lower ends of gas outlet pipe 18 are under the bottom 39 of admission port 14.But it is so far away that termination openings pipe 23 does not extend in cyclonic separator 1; It just extends to enter the part height of mouth 14.Distance between the top 41 of the lower end 40 of termination openings pipe 23 and admission port 14 is 10% to 60% of admission port 14 height.Do like this is that fluidic rotation in order vortex applicator 30 to be given leave admission port 14 reaches maximum efficiency.
In order to adapt to the difference of the thermal expansion between housing 2 and the gas outlet pipe 18, vortex applicator 30 can be fixed on the internal surface of termination openings pipe 23 or be fixed on the outside surface of vertical section 20 of gas outlet pipe 18, but can not be fixed on simultaneously on these two surfaces.
The number of volution blade 30 is suitably 2 to 8, is preferably 3 to 6.
The upper end of reaction vertical tube 15 can be disposed in the reaction vessel (as shown in the figure), maybe can be set at outside the reaction vessel, enters the sidewall that pipe just must extend through reaction vessel like this.
Claims (8)
1. cyclonic separator, it comprises: a vertical shell, its lower end is opened wide, and its upper end is provided with a lid, has covered a centre hole; One enters pipe, and it is used for being fed tangentially from the outlet of the vertical tube reactor of fluid-bed catalytic cracking unit the mixture of gas and granules of catalyst; A particle vent pipe, it is communicated with the unlimited lower end of vertical shell; With a gas discharge pipe, this Guan Youyi vertical section extends through the centre hole that covers; This cyclonic separator also comprises: a pipe that is arranged in the termination openings in this centre hole enters pipe so that form a ring-type gas between the internal surface of the outside surface of at least a portion of the vertical section of gas outlet pipe and termination openings pipe; Be arranged in this ring-type gas enter the pipe in the vortex applicator.
2. according to the cyclonic separator of claim 1, it is characterized by, the outside diameter of the vertical section of gas outlet pipe to the ratio of the diameter that covers centre hole in 0.3 to 0.7 scope.
3. according to the cyclonic separator of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by, the lower end position of gas outlet pipe is under the bottom that enters pipe of the mixture that is used for being fed tangentially gas and granules of catalyst.
4. according to each cyclonic separator among the claim 1-3, it is characterized by, described termination openings pipe extends to the part height that enters pipe of the mixture that is used for being fed tangentially gas and granules of catalyst.
5. according to the cyclonic separator of claim 4, it is characterized by, in the lower end of termination openings pipe and the distance that is used for being fed tangentially between the top that enters pipe of mixture of gas and granules of catalyst be said 10% to 60% of the pipe height that enters.
6. according to each cyclonic separator among the claim 1-5, it is characterized by, the vortex applicator can be fixed on the internal surface of termination openings pipe, or on the outside surface of the vertical section of gas outlet pipe, but can not be fixed on simultaneously on these two surfaces.
7. according to each cyclonic separator among the claim 1-6, it is characterized by, the vortex applicator is 2 to 8 volution blades.
8. in according to claim 1-7, from the gaseous product that leaves fluidised form catalyzer cracking vertical tube reactor, isolate the method for granules of catalyst in each the cyclonic separator, wherein, cyclonic separator is disposed in the top of reaction vessel, gaseous product tangentially is fed in the cyclone by entering pipe, cause gaseous product to be drained from cyclone by gas discharge pipe, and granules of catalyst is drained from cyclone by the particulate emission pipe, the granules of catalyst of Pai Chuing is collected in the bottom of reaction vessel then, stick to gaseous product on the particle there and be supplied to the stripping gas institute stripping of reaction vessel bottom, cause stripped vapor, upwards flow to by the gaseous mixture of steam stripped product and granules of catalyst in the freeboard of fluidized bed on reaction vessel top, wherein gaseous mixture enters pipe by ring-type gas and is sucked in the cyclone.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96202439A EP0826425A1 (en) | 1996-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Cyclone separator |
| EP96202439.4 | 1996-09-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1228720A CN1228720A (en) | 1999-09-15 |
| CN1104960C true CN1104960C (en) | 2003-04-09 |
Family
ID=8224340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97197594A Expired - Fee Related CN1104960C (en) | 1996-09-02 | 1997-09-01 | Cyclone separator |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002514133A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100492702B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1104960C (en) |
| AR (1) | AR008426A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU730238B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9711985A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2263691A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69717829T2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA977792B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102228872A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-11-02 | 江苏科技大学 | Cyclone water-powder-air separator |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020022488A (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-03-27 | 강순국 | A cyclone particle collector |
| US7736501B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2010-06-15 | Suncor Energy Inc. | System and process for concentrating hydrocarbons in a bitumen feed |
| CA2400258C (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2005-01-11 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Bituminous froth inclined plate separator and hydrocarbon cyclone treatment process |
| CA2455011C (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2011-04-05 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Bituminous froth inline steam injection processing |
| CA2526336C (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2013-09-17 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Method and apparatus for oil sands ore mining |
| CA2567644C (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2014-01-14 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Mobile oil sands mining system |
| US8168071B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2012-05-01 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Process and apparatus for treating a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock |
| CA2689021C (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2015-03-03 | Thomas Charles Hann | Apparatus and method for regulating flow through a pumpbox |
| FR2979255B1 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2016-03-11 | Total Raffinage Marketing | REGENERATOR FOR CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT WITH EXTERNAL CYCLONES. |
| TW201347827A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2013-12-01 | Everinn Internat Co Ltd | Array type flow channel separator |
| CN104858044B (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2017-08-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of catalyst carrier classification |
| CN104971673B (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2017-03-08 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of short contact Cyclonic reactor of the heterogeneous hybrid reaction isolation integral of liquid liquid |
| CN110215765A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-09-10 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of cyclone separator and separation system inhibiting the coking of riser outer wall |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4136935A1 (en) * | 1991-11-11 | 1993-05-13 | Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag | Cyclone filter to selectively separate solid particles from gas - by variation of pressure pattern within cyclone chamber |
| US5362379A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-11-08 | Amoco Corporation | Open-bottomed cyclone with gas inlet tube and method |
-
1997
- 1997-08-29 ZA ZA9707792A patent/ZA977792B/en unknown
- 1997-09-01 CA CA002263691A patent/CA2263691A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-09-01 KR KR10-1999-7001513A patent/KR100492702B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-09-01 CN CN97197594A patent/CN1104960C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-01 JP JP51225898A patent/JP2002514133A/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-01 AU AU43830/97A patent/AU730238B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-01 DE DE69717829T patent/DE69717829T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-01 AR ARP970103976A patent/AR008426A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-09-01 BR BR9711985A patent/BR9711985A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4136935A1 (en) * | 1991-11-11 | 1993-05-13 | Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag | Cyclone filter to selectively separate solid particles from gas - by variation of pressure pattern within cyclone chamber |
| US5362379A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-11-08 | Amoco Corporation | Open-bottomed cyclone with gas inlet tube and method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102228872A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-11-02 | 江苏科技大学 | Cyclone water-powder-air separator |
| CN102228872B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Cyclone water-powder-air separator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20000068337A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
| JP2002514133A (en) | 2002-05-14 |
| DE69717829T2 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
| KR100492702B1 (en) | 2005-06-07 |
| ZA977792B (en) | 1998-03-03 |
| AU730238B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 |
| CN1228720A (en) | 1999-09-15 |
| CA2263691A1 (en) | 1998-03-12 |
| AR008426A1 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
| AU4383097A (en) | 1998-03-26 |
| BR9711985A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
| DE69717829D1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |