CN110492482B - Energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of power distribution equipment - Google Patents
Energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of power distribution equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of distribution equipment, which comprises the following steps: establishing an energy storage economic operation mathematical model, establishing network constraint and energy storage system power and electricity constraint, designing an energy storage economic dispatching control strategy, establishing an evaluation index and analyzing an energy storage operation effect. By comprehensively analyzing various load conditions in the power distribution network, the energy storage action mode and the method are correspondingly determined. The invention has obvious effects on peak clipping and valley filling of the power distribution network and delay of upgrading of power distribution equipment, deals with different load conditions, adopts an energy storage action mode in a targeted manner, saves energy and is economical, can solve the problems of preventing overload, power reverse transmission and the like of a transformer, and ensures safe and stable operation of the power distribution network and an energy storage system. Has the advantages of scientific and reasonable method, strong applicability, good effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of distributed energy storage, and particularly relates to an energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of power distribution equipment, in particular to a method for reducing load peak-valley difference of a power distribution network by utilizing distributed energy storage so as to meet the upgrading and reconstruction requirements of the power distribution equipment.
Background
With the gradual depletion of fossil energy, the power demand and environmental problems are increasingly prominent. Electric Vehicles (EV) and Distributed power supplies (DG) have been developed greatly by virtue of their advantages of low energy consumption and no pollution. The charging behavior of large-scale EV causes the load peak to be greatly lifted, the charging requirement of large-scale access of EV is not considered in the traditional power distribution network planning, the capacity of the existing configured transformer is limited, and the phenomenon of transformer overload is easy to occur. Aiming at the problem of transformer overload, the traditional measure is to increase the capacity of distribution equipment, but the problems of low utilization rate of newly added equipment and low investment yield exist. The DG can effectively relieve the power supply pressure of the power distribution network caused by EV access, but due to intermittent property, when the output power of the DG is too large, the situation that the power is sent to an upper-level power grid reversely can occur, the power sent reversely enables the power distribution network to generate overvoltage locally, the corresponding transmission power loss is greatly improved, and a relay protection device of the upper-level power grid also needs to be adjusted greatly. In order to reduce the adverse effect of the DG on the power grid, the conventional measure is to reduce the DG output, but the utilization rate of the DG is reduced, and further the investment benefit of the DG is reduced. In order to solve the problems of transformer overload and power back-off of the power distribution network, the distributed energy storage is a feasible method. Therefore, how to reasonably design the economic dispatching method of the energy storage system becomes a key for solving the problems of overload and power reverse transmission of the transformer of the power distribution network and delaying upgrading and reconstruction of power distribution equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying the upgrading and reconstruction of distribution equipment, which is scientific and reasonable, has strong applicability and good effect, and aims to reduce the peak-valley difference of a distribution network, relieve the overload of a transformer and reduce the power reverse transmission of the distribution network to a main network by shifting the peak and valley of electric quantity through energy storage. The method comprehensively analyzes various load conditions in the power distribution network, correspondingly determines an energy storage action mode and a method, and comprehensively controls the peak load shifting and the valley load filling of the power distribution network.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of distribution equipment is characterized by comprising the steps of establishing an energy storage economic operation mathematical model, comprehensively considering a network structure, energy storage system power and electric quantity to establish constraint conditions, designing an energy storage economic dispatching control strategy, establishing technical and economic indexes, and evaluating the dispatching strategy, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) establishing energy storage economic operation mathematical model
The optimization aims to realize that the daily operating benefit of energy storage reaches the optimum on the basis of the safe operation of energy storage without overload of the transformer, and the specific objective function is as follows:
maxF＝FLOSS+FA (1)
in the formula, F is the daily operating benefit of energy storage; fLOSSThe benefits brought by network loss cost are reduced in the day after the energy storage is accessed to the power distribution network; fAFor peak clipping, valley filling and profit sharing income in the energy storage day, the calculation formula of each component is as follows:
benefits FA
Defining arbitrage as difference value of electricity selling income obtained by energy storage and discharge and electricity purchasing cost paid by charging
FA＝Fsale-Fbuy (2)
In the formula, FsaleThe electricity selling income brought by releasing the electric energy during the load peak period for storing the energy; actual cost of electricity purchase of stored energy FbuyFor purchase of electricity from a superordinate grid, Pess,l,c(t) is the charging power value of the first stored energy at time t, Pess,l,dis(t) is the discharge power value of the first stored energy at the time t, the charging is negative, and the discharging is positive; n is the total amount of stored energy;
net loss income FLOSS
Defining network loss profit as system network loss charge F before energy storage accessLOSS1And the network loss after access FLOSS2Difference of (2)
FLOSS＝FLOSS1-FLOSS2 (5)
Wherein M (t) is the time-of-use electricity price for purchasing electricity from the main grid at the time t; p isloss,n(t) before the energy storage is accessed, the active line loss and P of the nth branch at the moment of tloss-ESS,n(t) the active line loss of the nth branch at the moment t after the energy storage access; n is a radical ofLThe total number of the branch circuits of the power distribution network is;
2) establishing network constraints, energy storage system power and electric quantity constraints
Network constraint:
(a) flow equation constraints
In the formula, Pi(t) active Power, Q, injected into node i at time ti(t) injecting reactive power into the node i at time t; u shapei(t) is the voltage amplitude of node i at time t, Uj(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node j at time t; gijIs the real part of the ith row and j column elements in the node admittance matrix, BijAn imaginary part of an ith row and j column element in the node admittance matrix; deltaij(t) is the phase angle difference of the nodes i and j at the time t, and K is the total number of the nodes;
(b) power constraint of main network power supply load
The mains supply load must be less than the rated capacity of the transformer, and no power back-off is allowed,
wherein alpha is the maximum load factor of the transformer,
energy storage constraint:
(a) ESS state of charge constraints
Considering the service life of energy storage, preventing overcharge and overdischarge, ensuring the state of charge of the energy storage not to exceed the upper and lower limits,
SOCmin≤SOC(t)≤SOCmax (10)
in the formula, SOCminTo store an energy lower limit of state of charge, SOCmaxIs the upper limit of the energy storage charge state,
(b) ESS charge and discharge power constraints
-PESS,N≤PESS(t)≤PESS,N (11)
In the formula, PESS,NRated power for energy storage;
3) design of energy storage economic dispatching control method
The specific control flow is as follows:
(a) inputting typical daily load, EV and DG data and energy storage parameters, performing load flow calculation to obtain a main network power supply load Ps, calculating the network loss cost Floss1 before energy storage access, and adjusting the electric quantity E of the energy storagead＝EESS(SOCmax-SOCmin) Setting the initial value of the clipping line Pf to be PSmaxSetting the initial value of Pg of valley filling line to be PSminSetting the iteration number h as 1;
(b) when the main network power supply load power is larger than the peak clipping line value Ps (t) > Pf, the energy storage is discharged, the energy storage discharge power is pdc (t) ═ (Ps (t) -Pf)/d, and the energy storage daily discharge capacity Edc ═ Σ pdc (t) Δ t is calculated;
(c) when the main network power supply load power is smaller than a valley filling line value Ps (t) < Pg, energy storage charging, wherein the energy storage charging power is Pc (t) ═ Ps (t) — Pg) c, and the energy storage daily charging amount Ec is calculated as Pc (t) (-);
(d) judging whether the charge and discharge quantities are equal according to the charge and discharge quantity balance principle in the typical day of energy storage, namely whether the condition 0 is met<Ec-Edc<If the conditions are satisfied, the corresponding energy storage sequence is outputOutput PESS(h) Otherwise, shifting the valley filling line upwards (Pg + delta P), and turning to the step (c) for calculation until an iteration condition is met;
(e) output energy storage time sequence output PESS(h) Calculating the energy storage electricity selling income Fsale according to the formula (3), and distributing the energy storage time sequence output to each energy storage according to the capacity
Carrying out load flow calculation, and calculating the network loss fee F after the energy storage access according to the formula (7)LOSS2Calculating the energy storage electricity purchase cost Fbuy according to the formula (4), and calculating the comprehensive income F (h) corresponding to the energy storage output according to the formula (1);
(f) judging whether the energy storage charging amount exceeds the energy storage adjustable electric quantity, namely Ec is greater than Ead, if the condition is met, outputting the energy storage operation income corresponding to each iteration, otherwise, moving the peak clipping line down by Pf (h +1) ═ Pf (h +1) - [ delta ] P, and moving the iteration number h ═ h +1 to the step (b) for calculation until the condition is met, and stopping the iteration;
(g) determining that the clipping line Pf (i) is less than the rated active capacity PT of the transformer, i.e. Pf (i)<Running profit set omega corresponding to PTiDetermining the maximum operating profit Fm max (omega) by { Fi, Fi +1, …, Fm, …, Fh }i) And outputting the energy storage time sequence output P corresponding to the optimal operation income FmESS(m)；
4) Establishing an evaluation index
(iii) hours of annual DG utilization hDG
Defining the number of DG annual hours of use hDGFor DG annual actual power generation EDGRated installed capacity P of DGDGNThe ratio of the amount of the water to the amount of the water,
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is day j tjThe actual force output value at the moment DG,
is day j tjThe DG output value which is discarded at any moment;
equivalent annual investment cost Ceq-inv
Defining equivalent annual investment cost as equipment annual investment cost CinvAnnual operating income FyThe ratio of the difference to the useful life y of the device,
Fy＝FLOSS，y+FT，y (15)
in the formula, Cinv is the equipment investment cost; fy is the operating benefit obtained by the equipment in service life; fLOSS,yFor annual loss, FT,yFor arbitrage benefit, y is the service life of the equipment;
annual utilization rate eta of transformer equipmentT
To reflect the equipment utilization rate of the transformer, the equipment utilization rate eta of the transformer is definedTThe ratio of the annual actual power supply of the transformer to the annual theoretical maximum power supply of the transformer equipment,
in the formula, PT(t) actual value of power supply for transformer, EGFor commissioning the annual actual supply of the transformer, ETIn order to put the transformer into operation with the maximum annual power supply, T is 8760 h; sNFor setting up rated apparent capacity, P, of transformerNRated active capacity,
Is the power factor.
The invention relates to an energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of distribution equipment, which comprises the following steps: establishing an energy storage economic operation mathematical model, establishing network constraint and energy storage system power and electricity constraint, designing an energy storage economic dispatching control strategy, establishing an evaluation index and analyzing an energy storage operation effect. By comprehensively analyzing various load conditions in the power distribution network, the energy storage action mode and the method are correspondingly determined. The invention has obvious effects on peak clipping and valley filling of the power distribution network and delay of upgrading of power distribution equipment, deals with different load conditions, adopts an energy storage action mode in a targeted manner, saves energy and is economical, can solve the problems of preventing overload, power reverse transmission and the like of a transformer, and ensures safe and stable operation of the power distribution network and an energy storage system. Has the advantages of scientific and reasonable method, strong applicability, good effect and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an energy storage economic dispatch method for postponing upgrading and rebuilding of power distribution equipment;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the change in mode-main network power supply load;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the daily characteristics of the power supply load of a primary network in a mode;
FIG. 4 is a graph of energy storage output for a different scenario of mode;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the change in revenue from a day-of-operation of a model;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the variation of the power supply load of the mode two main network;
FIG. 7 is a graph of daily power supply load characteristics of the mode two main network;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the energy storage output in the two different modes;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the change in revenue from the two day mode operation.
Detailed Description
The energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying the upgrading and the reconstruction of the distribution equipment is further described by using the attached drawings and the embodiment.
The invention relates to an energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of distribution equipment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
The optimization aims to realize that the daily operation benefit of energy storage reaches the optimum on the basis of the safe operation of energy storage without overload of the transformer, and the specific objective function is as follows:
maxF＝FLOSS+FA (1)
in the formula, F is the daily operating benefit of energy storage; fLOSSThe benefits brought by network loss cost are reduced in the day after the energy storage is accessed to the power distribution network; fAThe profit is built for peak clipping and valley filling in the energy storage day. The respective component calculation formulas are as follows:
(1) earnings of arbitrage FA
The arbitrage benefit is defined as the difference between the electricity selling benefit obtained by energy storage and discharge and the electricity purchasing cost paid by charging.
FA＝Fsale-Fbuy (2)
In the formula, FsaleThe electricity selling income brought by releasing the electric energy during the load peak period for storing the energy; actual cost of electricity purchase of stored energy FbuyThe cost of purchasing electricity from the upper-level power grid. Pess,l,c(t)、Pess,l,dis(t) is the charging and discharging power of the first stored energy at the time t (charging is negative, discharging is positive); and N is the energy storage number.
(2) Loss gain FLOSS
And defining the network loss profit as the difference between the network loss cost of the system before the energy storage access and the network loss cost after the access.
FLOSS＝FLOSS1-FLOSS2 (5)
Wherein M (t) is the time-of-use electricity price for purchasing electricity from the main grid at the time t; ploss,n(t)、Ploss-ESS,n(t) the active line loss of the nth branch before and after energy storage access at the moment t respectively; n is a radical ofLThe total number of the branch circuits of the power distribution network.
And 2, establishing network constraint, energy storage system power and electric quantity constraint.
(1) Network constraint:
(a) flow equation constraints
In the formula, Pi(t)、Qi(t) injecting active and reactive power of the node i at the moment t; u shapei(t)、Uj(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node i and j at the time t; gij、BijReal parts and imaginary parts of j columns and elements in the ith row in the node admittance matrix are shown; delta. for the preparation of a coatingijAnd (t) is the phase angle difference of the nodes i and j at the time t, and N is the total number of the nodes.
(b) Power constraint of main network power supply load
The mains supply load must be less than the rated capacity of the transformer and no power back-off is allowed to occur.
In the formula, alpha is the maximum load factor of the transformer.
(2) Energy storage restraint:
(a) ESS state of charge constraint
The service life of the stored energy is considered, the overcharge and the overdischarge are prevented, and the state of charge of the stored energy does not exceed the upper limit and the lower limit.
SOCmin≤SOC(t)≤SOCmax (10)
In the formula, SOCmin、SOCmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of the energy storage charge state.
(b) ESS charge and discharge power constraints
-PESS,N≤PESS(t)≤PESS,N (11)
In the formula, PESS,NThe rated power capacity is stored.
And 3, designing an energy storage economic dispatching control method.
(a) Typical daily load, EV, DG data, energy storage parameters and the like are input. The main network power supply load Ps is obtained through load flow calculation, the network loss cost Floss1 before energy storage access and the energy storage adjustable electric quantity E are calculatedad＝EESS(SOCmax-SOCmin). Setting the initial value of the crest factor Pf to be PSmaxSetting the initial value of Pg of valley filling line to be PSminThe iteration number h is set to 1.
(b) When the main grid power supply load power is greater than the peak clipping line value ps (t) > Pf, the stored energy is discharged, the stored energy discharge power is pdc (t) ═ (ps (t) — Pf)/d, and the stored energy daily internal discharge amount Edc ═ Σ pdc (t) × t.
(c) And when the main network power supply load power is less than the valley filling line value Ps (t) < Pg, the energy storage is charged, the energy storage charging power is Pc (t) ═ Ps (t) — Pg) × c, and the energy storage daily charging amount Ec ═ Pc (t) ([ delta ] t) is calculated.
(d) Judging whether the charge and discharge quantities are equal according to the charge and discharge quantity balance principle in the typical day of energy storage, namely whether the condition 0 is met<Ec-Edc<If the condition is satisfied, the corresponding energy storage time sequence output force P is outputESS(h) Otherwise, moving the valley filling line upwards (Pg ═ Pg +. DELTA.P), and moving to the step 3 for calculation until the iteration condition is met.
(e) Output energy storage time sequence output PESS(h) Calculating the energy storage electricity selling income Fsell according to the formula 3-3, and distributing the energy storage time sequence output to each energy storage according to the capacity
Performing load flow calculation, calculating the network loss cost Floss2 according to the formula 3-7, calculating the energy storage electricity purchasing cost Fbuy according to the formula 3-4, and calculating the corresponding energy storage according to the formula 3-1The combined yield of output F (h).
(f) And judging whether the energy storage charging amount exceeds the energy storage adjustable electric quantity, namely Ec is greater than Ead, if the condition is met, outputting the energy storage operation income corresponding to each iteration, otherwise, moving the peak clipping line downwards by Pf (h +1) ═ Pf (h +1) - [ delta ] P, and moving the iteration number h ═ h +1 to the step 2 for calculation until the condition is met and stopping the iteration.
(g) Determining that the clipping line Pf (i) is less than the rated active capacity PT of the transformer, i.e. Pf (i)<Running profit set omega corresponding to PTiDetermining the maximum operating profit Fm max (omega) by { Fi, Fi +1, …, Fm, …, Fh }i) And outputting the energy storage time sequence output P corresponding to the optimal operation income FmESS(m)。
And 4, establishing an evaluation index.
(1) DG annual hours of use hDG
Defining the number of DG annual hours of use hDGFor DG annual actual power generation EDGRated installed capacity P of DGDGNThe ratio of.
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is day j tjAnd (4) the actual DG output and the discarded DG output at the moment.
(2) Equivalent annual investment cost Ceq-inv
Defining equivalent annual investment cost as equipment annual investment cost CinvAnnual operating income FyThe ratio of the difference to the age y of the device.
Fy＝FLOSS，y+FT，y (15)
In the formula, Cinv is the equipment investment cost; fy is the operating benefit obtained by the equipment in service life; fLOSS,yAnd FT,yRespectively representing annual network loss and profit for arbitrage; and y is the service life of the equipment.
(3) Annual utilization rate eta of transformer equipmentT
To reflect the equipment utilization rate of the transformer, the equipment utilization rate eta of the transformer is definedTThe ratio of the annual actual power supply of the transformer to the annual theoretical maximum power supply of the transformer equipment is obtained.
In the formula, PT(t) actual power supply power of the transformer is obtained; eGActual annual power supply for the transformer is built; eTThe annual maximum power supply amount of the transformer is built; t is 8760 h; s. theN、PN、
The rated apparent capacity, the rated active capacity and the power factor of the transformer are respectively put into operation.
And 5, analyzing the energy storage operation effect.
In the example, an IEEE33 node example system is selected, and example conditions are given:
the system has reference capacity SB10MVA, 10.5kV of voltage class, 3500kVA of rated capacity of transformer,
the rated power PT is 2976 kW.
Wind power, photovoltaic, electric vehicles, energy storage access nodes and installed capacity are shown in table 1, and table 1 is a distribution and energy storage parameter table of each device.
TABLE 1 distribution of devices and energy storage parameters
Thirdly, the node 1 is a balance node and is connected with a superior power grid, the total active load of the system in the maximum operation mode is 3715kW,
table 2 shows the load of each node in the maximum operation mode.
TABLE 2 load of each node under maximum operation mode
Aiming at two typical operation modes of the energy storage of the power distribution network, two schemes are adopted to compare the economy respectively on the premise of the same energy storage capacity.
(1) Scheme 1: a constant power method. And (4) charging and discharging with constant power at the peak-valley time according to the main network power supply load curve without considering the power economy scheduling requirement.
(2) Scheme 2: an economic dispatching method. By adopting the control method provided by the invention, the power economy scheduling requirement is considered, the energy storage operation economy is considered, and the energy storage is charged and discharged at the optimal power.
In the change of the power supply load of the mode one main network shown in fig. 2, when the DG is in the full power generation state on a typical day, the DG outputs a large power, and the power supply of the upper grid is reduced. However, due to the time-space difference characteristic between the DG and the load, the power is reversed in the distribution network in some periods, and the DG needs to be reduced in output power or the discarded part of electric energy is stored by using the stored energy in consideration of the safe operation of the system. In the mode, the DG output in a typical day is large, the power distribution network has a reverse transmission phenomenon at about 5:30-9:00 and 11:45-16:45, and a transient overload situation occurs at about 21:00 of the transformer, if the capacity of the transformer is expanded in a transformer expansion mode, the idle capacity of the transformer is shown as a shaded part in a main network power supply load day characteristic curve in fig. 3, the newly-built transformer is not utilized in the typical day, and the DG output must be reduced to reduce the power of the DG output to the main network, so that the utilization rate of the DG is reduced. If the energy storage is used for peak clipping and valley filling of the main network power supply load, the typical daily output of the energy storage is shown in fig. 4, the profit of the economic dispatching method according to the scheme 2 is shown in the change of the daily operation profit of fig. 5, and the energy storage operation profit is continuously increased along with the downward shifting of the peak clipping line until the profit is the maximum when the typical daily energy storage charge and discharge capacity reaches the upper limit. The reason is that on the one hand, the stored energy stores the electric energy during the power is rewound, and the electricity purchasing cost is 0, reduces and rewound to the main network power and then has reduced the network loss, and on the other hand, the profit set that the energy of releasing was obtained and the network loss profit can be more and more when the load peak.
In the change of the power supply load of the mode secondary network shown in fig. 6, when the typical daily DG output is small, the transformer is overloaded, the stored energy stores the electric energy in the load valley, and releases the electric energy in the load peak to reduce the load rate of the transformer, thereby playing the effect of delaying the upgrading and reconstruction of the distribution equipment. If the reverse power is larger than the overload power, part of the DG is discarded. And conversely, when the reverse power supply quantity is insufficient, the difference quantity is obtained from the main network for purchasing power, and a certain power purchase cost is paid. In the mode, the DG output in a typical day is small, the transformer is in an overload state at about 19:30-21:30, if a transformer capacity expansion mode is adopted, for example, a shaded part in a main network power supply load day characteristic curve in FIG. 7 is a transformer capacity expansion part, although the utilization rate of transformer equipment is improved, a large amount of capacity of the expanded transformer is still in an idle state. If the main network power supply load is subjected to peak clipping and valley filling by using the energy storage, the typical energy storage daily output is shown as an energy storage output curve in different schemes in fig. 8, the income of the economic dispatching method according to the scheme 2 is shown as the change of the operation income in the day in fig. 9, the total income is in a fluctuating rise, and the maximum value exists in the limited range.
In order to prove that the scheduling method has good economy, the economy of the expansion of the transformer and the economy of different energy storage scheduling schemes are respectively compared, and the specific comparison between the expansion of the transformer and the installation of the energy storage is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of Transformer Capacity expansion and installation energy storage
Based on the situation, the method is adopted to access the distributed energy storage system to the power distribution network system and configure the control method. The main network power supply load is subjected to peak clipping and valley filling by utilizing energy storage, the aim of delaying the upgrading and the transformation of the power distribution equipment is achieved by discharging in the peak load state so as to reduce the load rate of the transformer, the electric energy which is sent back is absorbed as far as possible by charging in the valley load state, the power which is sent back to the main network is reduced, and the supply and the consumption of energy are balanced locally. The economical efficiency of energy storage system scheduling is effectively improved, the table 1 shows the economical efficiency comparison of different energy storage scheduling schemes, and the results show that the economical scheduling method considers the energy storage economical scheduling requirements, so that the maximum target of the comprehensive profit of arbitrage and network loss is achieved, and the energy storage operation profit is greatly improved. Therefore, the control method is real and effective, the peak shifting and valley filling of the power distribution network can be realized by configuring the control method of the distributed energy storage system, the peak-valley difference of the power distribution network is reduced, and the requirement of upgrading and modifying power distribution equipment is met.
The terms, figures, tables, and the like in the embodiments of the present invention are used for further description, are not exhaustive, and do not limit the scope of the claims, and those skilled in the art can conceive other substantially equivalent alternatives without inventive step in light of the teachings of the embodiments of the present invention, and all such alternatives are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An energy storage economic dispatching method for delaying upgrading and reconstruction of distribution equipment is characterized by comprising the steps of establishing an energy storage economic operation mathematical model, comprehensively considering a network structure, energy storage system power and electric quantity to establish constraint conditions, designing an energy storage economic dispatching control strategy, establishing technical and economic indexes, and evaluating the dispatching strategy, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) establishing energy storage economic operation mathematical model
The optimization aims to realize that the daily operating benefit of energy storage reaches the optimum on the basis of the safe operation of energy storage without overload of the transformer, and the specific objective function is as follows:
maxF＝FLOSS+FA (1)
wherein F isThe benefits can be achieved daily; fLOSSThe benefits brought by network loss cost are reduced in the day after the energy storage is accessed to the power distribution network; fAFor peak clipping, valley filling and profit sharing income in the energy storage day, the calculation formula of each component is as follows:
benefits FA
Defining arbitrage as difference value of electricity selling income obtained by energy storage and discharge and electricity purchasing cost paid by charging
FA＝Fsale-Fbuy (2)
In the formula, FsaleThe electricity selling income brought by releasing the electric energy during the load peak period for storing the energy; actual cost of electricity purchase of stored energy FbuyFor purchase of electricity from a superordinate grid, Pess,l,c(t) is the charging power value of the first stored energy at time t, Pess,l,dis(t) is the discharge power value of the first stored energy at the time t, the charging is negative, and the discharging is positive; n is the total amount of stored energy;
net loss gain FLOSS
Defining network loss profit as system network loss fee F before energy storage accessLOSS1And the cost of network loss after access FLOSS2Difference of (2)
FLOSS＝FLOSS1-FLOSS2 (5)
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,m (t) is the time-of-use electricity price of purchasing electricity from the main grid at the moment t; ploss,n(t) active line loss and P of nth branch at t moment before energy storage accessloss-ESS,n(t) the active line loss of the nth branch at the moment t after the energy storage access; n is a radical ofLThe total number of the branch circuits of the power distribution network is;
2) establishing network constraints, energy storage system power and electric quantity constraints
Network constraint:
(a) flow equation constraints
In the formula, Pi(t) active Power, Q, injected into node i at time ti(t) injecting reactive power into the node i at time t; u shapei(t) is the voltage amplitude of node i at time t, Uj(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node j at time t; gijIs the real part of the ith row and j column elements, B, in the node admittance matrixijAn imaginary part of j column elements of an ith row in the node admittance matrix; deltaij(t) is the phase angle difference of the nodes i and j at the time t, and K is the total number of the nodes;
(b) power constraint of main network power supply load
The mains supply load must be less than the rated capacity of the transformer, and no power back-off is allowed,
wherein alpha is the maximum load factor of the transformer,
energy storage constraint:
(a) ESS state of charge constraint
Considering the service life of energy storage, preventing overcharge and overdischarge, ensuring the state of charge of the energy storage not to exceed the upper and lower limits,
SOCmin≤SOC(t)≤SOCmax (10)
in the formula, SOCminTo store an energy lower limit of state of charge, SOCmaxIs the upper limit of the energy storage charge state,
(b) ESS charge and discharge power constraints
-PESS,N≤PESS(t)≤PESS,N (11)
In the formula, PESS,NRated power for energy storage;
3) design of energy storage economic dispatching control method
The specific control flow is as follows:
(a) inputting typical daily load, EV and DG data and energy storage parameters, carrying out load flow calculation to obtain a main network power supply load Ps, calculating the network loss cost Floss1 before energy storage access and the energy storage adjustable electric quantity Ead＝EESS(SOCmax-SOCmin) Setting the initial value of the crest factor Pf to be PSmaxSetting the initial value of Pg of valley filling line to be PSminSetting the iteration number h as 1;
(b) when the main network power supply load power is larger than the peak clipping line value Ps (t) > Pf, the stored energy is discharged, the stored energy discharge power is pdc (t) ═ (Ps (t) — Pf)/d, and the stored energy daily discharge capacity Edc ═ Σ pdc (t) ([ delta ] t is calculated;
(c) when the main network power supply load power is smaller than a valley filling line value Ps (t) < Pg, energy storage charging, wherein the energy storage charging power is Pc (t) ═ Ps (t) — Pg) c, and the energy storage daily charging amount Ec is calculated as Pc (t) (-);
(d) judging whether the charge and discharge quantities are equal according to the charge and discharge quantity balance principle in the typical day of energy storage, namely whether the condition 0 is met<Ec-Edc<If the conditions are satisfied, the corresponding energy storage time sequence output force P is outputESS(h) Otherwise, shifting the valley filling line upwards by Pg (Pg +. DELTA.P), and calculating in the step (c) until an iteration condition is met;
(e) output energy storage time sequence output PESS(h) Calculating the energy storage electricity selling income Fsale according to the formula (3), and distributing the energy storage time sequence output to each energy storage according to the capacity
Carrying out load flow calculation, and calculating the network loss fee F after the energy storage access according to the formula (7)LOSS2Calculating the energy storage electricity purchasing cost Fbuy according to the formula (4), and calculating the comprehensive income F (h) corresponding to the energy storage output according to the formula (1);
(f) judging whether the energy storage charging amount exceeds the energy storage adjustable electric quantity, namely Ec is greater than Ead, if the condition is met, outputting the energy storage operation income corresponding to each iteration, otherwise, moving the peak clipping line down by Pf (h +1) ═ Pf (h +1) - [ delta ] P, and moving the iteration number h ═ h +1 to the step (b) for calculation until the condition is met, and stopping the iteration;
(g) determining that the clipping line Pf (i) is less than the rated active capacity PT of the transformer, i.e. Pf (i)<Running profit set omega corresponding to PTiDetermining the maximum operating profit Fm max (omega) by { Fi, Fi +1, …, Fm, …, Fh }i) And outputting the energy storage time sequence output P corresponding to the optimal operation income FmESS(m)；
4) Establishing an evaluation index
(iii) hours of annual DG utilization hDG
Defining the number of DG annual hours of use hDGFor DG annual actual power generation EDGRated installed capacity P of DGDGNThe ratio of the amount of the water to the amount of the water,
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is day j tjThe actual force output value at the moment DG,
is day j tjThe DG output value which is discarded at any moment;
equivalent annual investment cost Ceq-inv
Defining equivalent annual investment cost as equipment annual investment cost CinvAnnual operating income FyThe ratio of the difference to the equipment life y,
Fy＝FLOSS，y+FT，y (15)
in the formula, Cinv is the equipment investment cost; fy is the operating benefit obtained by the equipment in service life; fLOSS,yFor annual loss, FT,yFor arbitrage benefit, y is the service life of the equipment;
third annual utilization rate eta of transformer equipmentT
To reflect the equipment utilization rate of the transformer, the equipment utilization rate eta of the transformer is definedTThe ratio of the annual actual power supply of the transformer to the annual theoretical maximum power supply of the transformer equipment,
in the formula, PT(t) actual value of power supply for transformer, EGFor commissioning the annual actual supply of the transformer, ETIn order to put the transformer into operation with the maximum annual power supply, T is 8760 h; sNFor setting up rated apparent capacity, P, of transformerNRated active capacity,
Is the power factor.
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