CN110491269B - CRD method model test device - Google Patents
CRD method model test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110491269B CN110491269B CN201910787653.1A CN201910787653A CN110491269B CN 110491269 B CN110491269 B CN 110491269B CN 201910787653 A CN201910787653 A CN 201910787653A CN 110491269 B CN110491269 B CN 110491269B
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- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of CRD construction model tests, and discloses a CRD method model test device, which solves the problems that the actual construction process of the CRD method cannot be really simulated at present, the excavation speed and the footage cannot be controlled quantitatively and accurately, and the deformation and the damage of a supporting structure and the influence of different rigidity cannot be researched simultaneously; excavation speed can be accurately controlled by selecting the same motor rotating speed, and excavation footage can be controlled by observing scale marks on the threaded rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of CRD construction model tests, and particularly relates to a CRD method model test device.
Background
With the rapid development of transportation industry, China has become a genuine big tunnel country, a series of tunnel construction methods suitable for different conditions are formed, and when the section of a tunnel is large, a CRD method is generally adopted for construction. The CRD method is a tunnel construction method suitable for weak surrounding rocks, and the whole tunnel section is divided into four small sections during construction, so that the deformation of the surrounding rocks can be controlled.
Because tunnel engineering's complexity and uncertainty, can arouse the deformation of country rock and supporting construction even destruction when adopting CRD method construction unavoidably, consequently, adopt model test research CRD method construction to have important theoretical and realistic meaning to the influence of country rock and supporting construction, current model test device adopts full section method excavation mostly, has following several problems: 1. the influence of the length of the unsupported section of the tunnel and the longitudinal distance of each excavated part cannot be simulated, and the method is inconsistent with the actual construction process; 2. the tunnel excavation is simulated by manually extracting a tunnel model, and the excavation speed and the footage cannot be quantitatively and accurately controlled; 3. most of research objects are surrounding rocks, the tunnel supporting structure is a rigid metal plate, and the deformation and the damage of the supporting structure and the influence of different rigidity cannot be researched simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation and overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a CRD method model test device which effectively solves the problems that the actual construction process of the CRD method cannot be really simulated, the excavation speed and the footage cannot be quantitatively and accurately controlled, and the deformation and the damage of a supporting structure and the influence of different rigidity cannot be simultaneously researched at present.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a CRD method model test device comprises a model box, wherein a glass plate is movably connected to the middle of one end of the model box, a connecting hole is formed in the middle of the glass plate, a tunnel excavation mechanism is inserted into the connecting hole and comprises a supporting circular tube, a cross middle partition wall, excavation block grooves, a first excavation block, a second excavation block, a third excavation block, a fourth excavation block, a threaded rod and scale marks, the cross middle partition wall is connected to the inside of the right side of the supporting circular tube, four excavation block grooves with different lengths are formed outside the cross middle partition wall, the insides of the four excavation block grooves are respectively connected with the first excavation block, the second excavation block, the third excavation block and the fourth excavation block in a sliding mode, one ends of the first excavation block, the second excavation block, the third excavation block and the fourth excavation block are connected with the threaded rod, the scale marks are formed in the upper end of the threaded rod, one side of, the adjustable support comprises a bottom plate, a first rectangular pipe, a second rectangular pipe, a positioning block, a bearing, a screw rod, a driven bevel gear, a driving bevel gear, a connecting shaft and a handle, wherein the upper end of the bottom plate is connected with the first rectangular pipe, the second rectangular pipe is connected inside the upper end of the first rectangular pipe in a sliding manner, the inner wall of the lower end of the second rectangular pipe is fixedly connected with the positioning block, the middle part of the upper end of the positioning block is embedded with the bearing, the upper end of the bearing is connected with the screw rod, the screw rod is rotatably connected with the bottom plate, the lower part of the screw rod is connected with the driven bevel gear, one side of the upper end of the driven bevel gear is engaged and connected with the driving bevel gear, one end of the driving bevel gear is connected with the connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the handle, the upper end of the adjustable support is connected with a rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism comprises a shell, a motor, a straight gear, a rotating circular pipe and a rack ring, the motor is installed on one side inside the shell, the output end of the motor is connected with a straight gear, the upper side of the straight gear is rotatably connected with a rotating circular pipe relative to the inner wall of the shell, one side of the outer end of the rotating circular pipe is connected with a rack ring, and the rack ring is in meshing transmission with the straight gear.
Preferably, the model box is a box body which is formed by gluing five pieces of toughened glass and is provided with an opening at the top, and the middle part of the left side of the model box is provided with a clamping groove matched with the glass plate.
Preferably, the glass plate is fixedly connected with the two side ends of the clamping groove through bolts, and the glass plate is of a detachable structure.
Preferably, the first excavation block, the second excavation block, the third excavation block and the fourth excavation block are all hollow metal cylindrical blocks.
Preferably, lubricating oil is smeared on the contact end surfaces of the first excavation block, the second excavation block, the third excavation block and the fourth excavation block and the supporting circular tube.
Preferably, the screw rod is rotatably connected with the bottom plate through a bearing seat.
Preferably, the inner wall of the rotating circular tube is provided with an internal thread matched with the threaded rod.
Preferably, the upper end of the screw rod is connected with a limiting block for limiting the second rectangular pipe to lift.
Preferably, through holes are formed in the two sides of the inner wall of the shell and opposite to the two ends of the rotating circular tube, and bearings are embedded in the through holes.
Preferably, the lower end of the motor is connected with a supporting block which is convenient for playing a supporting role.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the length of the right end of each excavation block exceeding the right end of the supporting circular tube is adjusted to simulate the length of an unsupported section through the arrangement of a tunnel excavation mechanism, if the right end of each excavation block is flush with the right end of the supporting circular tube, the condition of immediate supporting after tunnel excavation is simulated, and the longitudinal distance of each excavation part is simulated through the difference of the longitudinal lengths of four parts on the right side of the supporting circular tube, so that the actual construction process of a CRD method can be simulated;
(2) the excavation speed can be accurately controlled by arranging the scale marks on the threaded rod and selecting the same motor rotating speed, and the excavation footage can be controlled by observing the scale marks on the threaded rod;
(3) the influence of different supporting structure rigidity can be simulated by changing the material of the tunnel supporting circular tube, and the influence of different tunnel sizes can be simulated by manufacturing tunnel supporting circular tubes, the first excavation block, the second excavation block, the third excavation block and the fourth excavation block with different sizes;
(4) through the setting of adjustable support, the twist grip drives initiative bevel gear and driven bevel gear meshing transmission for the lead screw rotates, and then makes the locating piece drive second rectangular pipe up-and-down motion under the effect of bearing and adjusts rotary mechanism's height, adjusts convenient quick.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the mold box of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the round supporting tube of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first excavation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a threaded rod of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the rotary mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an adjustable support according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rotary mechanism of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a model box; 2. a glass plate; 3. connecting holes; 4. a tunnel excavation mechanism; 5. supporting a circular pipe; 6. a cross middle partition wall; 7. excavating block grooves; 8. a first excavation block; 9. a second excavation block; 10. a third excavating block; 11. a fourth digging block; 12. a threaded rod; 13. scale marks are marked; 14. an adjustable support; 15. a base plate; 16. a first rectangular tube; 17. a second rectangular tube; 18. positioning blocks; 19. a bearing; 20. a screw rod; 21. a driven bevel gear; 22. a drive bevel gear; 23. a connecting shaft; 24. a handle; 25. a rotation mechanism; 26. a housing; 27. a motor; 28. a spur gear; 29. rotating the circular tube; 30. a rack ring; 31. a bearing seat; 32. a limiting block; 33. a through hole; 34. and (7) a supporting block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 8, the model case 1 is provided for facilitating filling of surrounding rock materials for simulation tests, a glass plate 2 is movably connected to the middle of one end of the model case 1 for facilitating disassembly and cleaning of the inside of the model case 1, a connecting hole 3 is formed in the middle of the glass plate 2 for facilitating connection with a tunnel excavation mechanism 4, the tunnel excavation mechanism 4 is inserted into the connecting hole 3, the tunnel excavation mechanism 4 comprises a supporting circular tube 5, a cross middle partition wall 6, an excavation block groove 7, a first excavation block 8, a second excavation block 9, a third excavation block 10, a fourth excavation block 11, a threaded rod 12 and a scale mark 13, the cross middle partition wall 6 is connected to the inside of the right side of the circular tube 5, four excavation block grooves 7 with different lengths are formed outside the cross middle partition wall 6, and the first excavation block 8, the second excavation block, the third excavation block 10, the fourth excavation block 11, the partition wall and the scale mark 13 are respectively connected to the inside of the supporting circular tube 5, The longitudinal distance of each excavation part is simulated through the difference of the longitudinal length of four parts on the right side of the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11, the inner parts of the first excavation block 8, the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11 are all connected with a threaded rod 12, the upper end of the threaded rod 12 is provided with a scale mark 13, the tunneling size is convenient to visually check, one side of the model box 1 is connected with an adjustable support 14, the adjustable support 14 comprises a bottom plate 15, a first rectangular pipe 16, a second rectangular pipe 17, a positioning block 18, a bearing 19, a lead screw 20, a driven bevel gear 21, a driving bevel gear 22, a connecting shaft 23 and a handle 24, the upper end of the bottom plate 15 is connected with the first rectangular pipe 16, the inner part of the upper end of the first rectangular pipe 16 is connected with the second rectangular pipe 17 in a sliding manner, the inner wall of the lower end of the second rectangular, the upper end of the bearing 19 is connected with a screw rod 20, the screw rod 20 is rotatably connected with the bottom plate 15, the lower part of the screw rod 20 is connected with a driven bevel gear 21, one side of the upper end of the driven bevel gear 21 is connected with a driving bevel gear 22 in a meshing manner, one end of the driving bevel gear 22 is connected with a connecting shaft 23, one end of the connecting shaft 23 is connected with a handle 24, the driving bevel gear 22 is driven to be in meshing transmission with the driven bevel gear 21 through the rotating handle 24, the screw rod 20 is rotated, a positioning block 18 is driven to drive a second rectangular pipe 17 to move up and down under the action of the bearing 19 to adjust the height of a rotating mechanism 25, so that a rotating circular pipe 29 and a threaded rod 12 are at the same level, the upper end of an adjustable support 14 is connected with the rotating mechanism 25, the rotating mechanism 25 comprises a shell 26, a motor 27, a straight gear 28, the rotating circular pipe 29 and a rack ring 30, one side inside the shell 26 is provided with the motor 27, and the output end of the motor 27 is connected with the straight gear 28, the upper side of the straight gear 28 is rotatably connected with a rotating circular tube 29 relative to the inner wall of the shell 26, one side of the outer end of the rotating circular tube 29 is connected with a rack ring 30, the rack ring 30 is in meshed transmission with the straight gear 28, the threaded rod 12 penetrates through the rotating circular tube 29, under the action of the motor 27, the straight gear 28 is in meshed transmission with the rack ring 30 to drive the rotating circular tube 29 to rotate, and then the threaded rod 12 transversely moves in the rotating circular tube 29, so that the actual construction process of a CRD method is simulated.
In the second embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the model box 1 is a box body which is formed by gluing five pieces of toughened glass and is provided with an opening at the top, and the middle part of the toughened glass at the left side of the model box 1 is provided with a clamping groove matched with the glass plate 2.
Third, on second embodiment's basis, bolt fixed connection is passed through to glass board 2 and draw-in groove both sides end, and glass board 2 is detachable construction, through detachable construction's glass board 2 setting for can dismantle fast after the device uses and clear up inside country rock material.
In the fourth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the first excavation block 8, the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11 are hollow metal cylindrical blocks, and threaded rods 12 are connected to the insides of the hollow metal cylindrical blocks.
In the fifth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, lubricating oil is coated on the contact end surfaces of the first excavation block 8, the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11 and the supporting circular tube 5, so that friction between the first excavation block 8, the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11 and the supporting circular tube 5 is reduced when the first excavation block, the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11 move.
Sixth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the screw rod 20 is rotatably connected with the bottom plate 15 through the bearing seat 31, so that the screw rod 20 can rotate under the action of the bearing seat 31.
In the seventh embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the inner wall of the rotating circular tube 29 is provided with an internal thread matched with the threaded rod 12.
Eighth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the upper end of the screw rod 20 is connected with a limiting block 32 for limiting the second rectangular tube 17 to lift.
Ninth, on the basis of the first embodiment, through holes 33 are formed in two sides of the inner wall of the shell 26, opposite to two ends of the rotating circular tube 29, and bearings 19 are embedded in the through holes 33, so that the rotating circular tube 29 is placed in the through holes 33 to rotate conveniently.
In the tenth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the lower end of the motor 27 is connected with a supporting block 34 which is convenient for supporting.
In this embodiment, the motor 27 is a 50KTYZ motor.
The working principle is as follows: when in use, a first excavation block 8, a second excavation block 9, a third excavation block 10 and a fourth excavation block 11 are inserted into corresponding excavation block grooves 7 in a supporting circular tube 5 in sequence, a tunnel excavation mechanism 4 is assembled, then a connecting hole 3 reserved on the left side wall of a model box 1 at the right end of the tunnel excavation mechanism 4 is horizontally placed into the model box 1, surrounding rock materials are filled in the model box 1 to a specified buried depth, the length of an unsupported section is simulated by adjusting the length of the right end of each excavation block exceeding the right end of the supporting circular tube 5, if the right end of each excavation block is flush with the right end of the supporting circular tube 5, the condition of immediate supporting after tunnel excavation is simulated, the longitudinal distance of each excavation part is simulated by the difference of the longitudinal lengths of four parts on the right side of the supporting circular tube 5, the height of a rotating mechanism 25 is adjusted by an adjustable support 14 until a rotating circular tube 29 in the middle of the rotating mechanism 25 and a threaded rod 12 of the first excavation block 8 are positioned on the same horizontal line, the threaded rod 12 penetrates through the rotary circular tube 29, the rotating speed of the rotary circular tube 29 is selected as required, then the motor 27 is started to drive the rotary circular tube 29 to drive the first excavation block 8 to move leftwards, then the rotary mechanism 25 is utilized to sequentially drive the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11 to move leftwards so as to simulate the actual construction process of the CRD method, the excavation speed can be accurately controlled by selecting the same rotating speed each time, meanwhile, the excavation footage can be controlled by observing the scale marks 13 on the threaded rod 12, in addition, the invention can simulate the influence of different supporting structure rigidity by changing the material of the tunnel supporting circular tube 5, can simulate the influence of different tunnel sizes by manufacturing tunnel supporting circular tubes 5, the first excavation block 8, the second excavation block 9, the third excavation block 10 and the fourth excavation block 11 with different sizes, and can install sensors in the surrounding rock and at the designated positions on the circular tube 5, the test data of the surrounding rock and the supporting structure can be collected and analyzed by combining a video measuring system and an image processing technology, and after the test is finished, the glass plate 2 in the middle of the left side wall of the model box 1 is detached, so that the surrounding rock materials in the model box 1 can be quickly cleaned.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a CRD method model test device, includes mold box (1), its characterized in that: mold box (1) one end middle part swing joint has glass board (2), connecting hole (3) have been seted up at glass board (2) middle part, connecting hole (3) inside grafting has tunnel excavation mechanism (4), tunnel excavation mechanism (4) are including strutting pipe (5), cross well bulkhead (6), excavation piece groove (7), first excavation piece (8), second excavation piece (9), third excavation piece (10), fourth excavation piece (11), threaded rod (12) and scale mark (13), it has cross well bulkhead (6) to strut pipe (5) right side internal connection, cross well bulkhead (6) outside is formed with excavation piece groove (7) of four different length, inside difference sliding connection of four excavation piece grooves (7) has first excavation piece (8), second excavation piece (9), third excavation piece (10) and fourth excavation piece (11), first excavation piece (8), One end of each of the second excavation block (9), the third excavation block (10) and the fourth excavation block (11) is connected with a threaded rod (12), the upper end of the threaded rod (12) is provided with scale marks (13), one side of the model box (1) is connected with an adjustable support (14), the adjustable support (14) comprises a bottom plate (15), a first rectangular pipe (16), a second rectangular pipe (17), a positioning block (18), a bearing (19), a screw rod (20), a driven bevel gear (21), a driving bevel gear (22), a connecting shaft (23) and a handle (24), the upper end of the bottom plate (15) is connected with the first rectangular pipe (16), the inner part of the upper end of the first rectangular pipe (16) is connected with the second rectangular pipe (17) in a sliding mode, the inner wall of the lower end of the second rectangular pipe (17) is fixedly connected with the positioning block (18), the middle part of the upper end of the positioning block (18) is embedded with the bearing (19), the upper end of the bearing (19) is connected with the screw rod (20), the screw rod (20) is rotationally connected with the bottom plate (15), the lower part of the screw rod (20) is connected with a driven bevel gear (21), one side of the upper end of the driven bevel gear (21) is connected with a driving bevel gear (22) in a meshing way, one end of the driving bevel gear (22) is connected with a connecting shaft (23), one end of the connecting shaft (23) is connected with a handle (24), the upper end of the adjustable support (14) is connected with a rotating mechanism (25), the rotating mechanism (25) comprises a shell (26), a motor (27), a straight gear (28), a rotating circular tube (29) and a rack ring (30), the motor (27) is installed on one side inside the shell (26), the output end of the motor (27) is connected with the straight gear (28), the upper side of the straight gear (28) is rotatably connected with the rotating circular tube (29) relative to the inner wall of the shell (26), one side of the outer end of the rotating circular tube (29) is connected with the rack ring (30), and the rack ring (30) is in meshing transmission with the straight gear (28).
2. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: the model box (1) is a box body which is formed by gluing five pieces of toughened glass and is provided with an opening at the top, and the middle part of the left side of the model box (1) of the toughened glass is provided with a clamping groove matched with the glass plate (2).
3. The CRD model test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the glass plate (2) is fixedly connected with the two side ends of the clamping groove through bolts, and the glass plate (2) is of a detachable structure.
4. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: the first excavation block (8), the second excavation block (9), the third excavation block (10) and the fourth excavation block (11) are all hollow metal cylindrical blocks.
5. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: lubricating oil is coated on the contact end surfaces of the first excavation block (8), the second excavation block (9), the third excavation block (10) and the fourth excavation block (11) and the supporting circular tube (5).
6. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: the screw rod (20) is rotatably connected with the bottom plate (15) through a bearing seat (31).
7. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the rotating circular tube (29) is provided with an internal thread matched with the threaded rod (12).
8. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: and the upper end of the screw rod (20) is connected with a limiting block (32) for limiting the second rectangular pipe (17) to lift.
9. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: through-holes (33) have all been seted up for rotating pipe (29) both ends in casing (26) inner wall both sides, through-hole (33) embedded bearing (19) that are equipped with.
10. The CRD model test device of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the motor (27) is connected with a supporting block (34) which is convenient to play a supporting role.
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