CN110487958A - The measuring and calculating of proximate region atmospheric volatile organic compounds mean relative concentrations and comparative approach in city - Google Patents
The measuring and calculating of proximate region atmospheric volatile organic compounds mean relative concentrations and comparative approach in city Download PDFInfo
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- CN110487958A CN110487958A CN201810456996.5A CN201810456996A CN110487958A CN 110487958 A CN110487958 A CN 110487958A CN 201810456996 A CN201810456996 A CN 201810456996A CN 110487958 A CN110487958 A CN 110487958A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—Specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0047—Specially adapted to detect a particular component for organic compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0062—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method, e.g. intermittent, or the display, e.g. digital
- G01N33/0067—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method, e.g. intermittent, or the display, e.g. digital by measuring the rate of variation of the concentration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention discloses the measuring and calculating of proximate region atmospheric volatile organic compounds mean relative concentrations and comparative approach in a kind of city, it the steps include: the ozone O to measurement region X3Concentration and nitrogen dioxide NO2Mean concentration carry out continuous real-time measurement；In the control zone VOCs, the mean concentration [VOCs] of a period or a period VOCs in measurement region X are calculatedx；Calculate the mean concentration [VOCs] with same period VOCs in other regions similar in measurement region Xy；By [VOCs]xWith [VOCs]yIt is compared, due to the rate constants k that ozone generates in the control zone VOCs of proximate regionVIt is close or equal, judge the pollution level of same period VOCs in proximate region；By the variation of comparison and wind direction to period VOCs mean relative concentrations same in proximate region, the direction in the source VOCs is judged.The method of the invention is easier to the measuring and calculating process of VOCs mean relative concentrations, more meets actual state, as a result more acurrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protections, atmosphere polluting controling technology field, and in particular to proximate region is big in a kind of city
The measuring and calculating of gas volatile organic matter concentration and comparative approach.
Background technique
Volatile organic matter VOCs is to form one of primary raw material of PM2.5 in atmosphere, and the type of VOCs is a lot of.In atmosphere
In photochemical reaction, the activity of VOCs is not quite similar when DIFFERENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS and pollutional condition.This is measured and calculated in atmosphere
The concentration of VOCs brings difficulty, also brings barrier to the formation mechenism and determining main pollution source of PM2.5 in research atmosphere
Hinder.
The method of existing measurement VOCs has spectrophotometry, biosensor, fluorescence and sensor method, gas chromatography
And solid phase adsorption-thermal desorption/gas chromatography-mass spectrography etc., these methods only examine certain or certain certain class VOCs
It surveys, is not capable of measuring the total amount of VOCs in atmosphere.These detection methods can be used for monitoring vehicle in the discharge and highway of industrial VOC
Discharge.Up to the present, the detection method for the VOCs that International Organization for standardization (ISO) is recommended is still based on thermal desorption principle
Gas chromatography (GC).
In the prior art, VOCs mean relative concentrations in atmosphere can be calculated almost without method, in addition to patent
CN105866347A reports the mean relative concentrations of volatile organic matter and active detection method in a kind of atmosphere, but the party
Method calculates cumbersome, restricted application, and not accurate enough.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of measuring and calculating of atmosphere VOCs mean relative concentrations in proximate region in city compared with
Method, to judge the degree and main source of VOCs pollution.
Realizing the object of the invention technical solution is: proximate region atmospheric volatile organic compounds are average relatively dense in a kind of city
The measuring and calculating of degree and comparative approach, comprising the following steps:
(1) to the ozone (O of measurement region X3) concentration and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) mean concentration continuous survey in real time
Amount；
(2) in the control zone VOCs, the mean concentration of a period or a period VOCs in measurement region X are calculated by following formula
[VOCs]x,
[VOCs]x=kV[O3]x[NO2]x
Wherein, kVThe rate constant generated for a period in measurement region or a period VOCs control zone ozone；[NO2]xIt is same
Nitrogen dioxide mean concentration, [O in atmosphere in one period or contemporaneity measurement region X3]xIt is surveyed for same period or contemporaneity
Determine Ozone in Atmosphere mean concentration in the X of region；
(3) it calculates according to above-mentioned formula and measures same period or contemporaneity VOCs in other regions similar in the X of region
Mean concentration [VOCs]y, wherein [VOCs]yIn y represent with measurement region X similar in other zone numbers；
(4) by [VOCs]xWith [VOCs]yIt is compared, due to the rate that ozone generates in the control zone VOCs of proximate region
Constant kVIt is close or equal, judge the pollution level of same period or contemporaneity VOCs in proximate region；
(5) pass through the variation of comparison and wind direction to period VOCs mean relative concentrations same in proximate region, judgement
The direction in the source VOCs.
Further, in step (1), the time interval of real-time measurement is once every hour.
Further, in step (2), a period or a period indicate a certain hour, certain a few houres, certain 1 day or certain 1 month.
It further, is region of the how in 30 kilometers with other regions similar in measurement region X in step (3).
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that it is easier to the measuring method of VOCs mean relative concentrations, more
Meet actual state, it is as a result more acurrate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the monthly variation of the four monitoring station VOCs mean relative concentrations in certain city in 2017 in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Method described herein can calculate VOCs mean relative concentrations in the regional atmospheric of urban district, and can be near
VOCs mean relative concentrations are compared in atmosphere, to judge degree and the source of VOCs pollution.
The measuring and calculating of proximate region atmospheric volatile organic compounds mean relative concentrations and comparative approach in a kind of city, including with
Lower step:
(1) in monitoring station A, continuous real-time measurement Ozone in Atmosphere O3With nitrogen dioxide NO2Mean concentration, respectively
It is denoted as [O3] and [NO2], record is primary per hour, keeps lasting measurement in 24 hours；
(2) in the control zone VOCs, due to O3Concentration and VOCs concentration are proportional, and approximate with NOx concentration is in inversely prroportional relationship,
Following formula (1) is obtained,
(3) it converts to obtain formula (2) through formula (1),
[VOCs]=kv[O3][NO2] (2)
Wherein, kVFor the rate constant that the control zone VOCs ozone generates, size and meteorological condition (such as temperature, air pressure, phase
To humidity, luminous intensity etc.), the type of environmental condition and VOCs etc. it is related.[VOCs] is that volatile organic matter is flat in a period atmosphere
Equal concentration, [NO2] it is nitrogen dioxide mean concentration in atmosphere, [O3] it is Ozone in Atmosphere mean concentration；
(4) by the mean concentration of a period VOCs in formula (2) measuring and calculating monitoring station A, it is denoted as [VOCs]A；
[VOCs]A=kV1[O3]A[NO2]A (3)
Wherein, kV1For the rate constant that the control zone VOCs ozone in monitoring station A generates, [NO2]AFor the period monitoring station a
Nitrogen dioxide mean concentration in point A atmosphere, [O3]AFor a period monitoring station A Ozone in Atmosphere mean concentration；
(5) other monitoring station B, C, D near monitoring station A are obtained according to above-mentioned formula respectively to be equal in a period atmosphere
Volatile organic matter mean concentration [VOCs]B、[VOCs]C、[VOCs]DDeng；
(6) by [VOCs]AWith [VOCs]B、[VOCs]C、[VOCs]DEtc. being compared, judge other near monitoring station A
The pollution level of the VOCs such as monitoring station B, C, D, at this point, the rate constants k that the control zone VOCs ozone generates in monitoring station AV1
The rate constants k generated with the control zone the VOCs ozone of adjacent sitesVIt is close or equal；
(7) by the comparison of close monitoring station VOCs mean relative concentrations and the variation of wind direction, judge the source VOCs
Direction；
(8) to the comparison of close monitoring station VOCs mean relative concentrations, it can be the comparison of numerical value per hour, it can also be with
It is the comparison of every day average.It can be the continuous comparison of numerical value per hour in 24 hours, be also possible to number monthly in 1 year
Value compares.Compared by these, can determine the changing rule of VOCs, judges the difference of close website day and night VOCs concentration
Not, the difference of Various Seasonal and different month VOCs, this has important base to the source for judging VOCs and to the contribution of PM2.5
Plinth and supporting role.
Embodiment 1
By taking the 4 monthly variations of monitoring station VOCs mean relative concentrations in 2017 of certain urban district as an example.
1) to NO2And O3Implement lasting measurement in 24 hours, records an average value per hour；
2) each website NO is calculated2And O3Monthly average concentration value, is shown in Table 1；
3) the VOCs mean relative concentrations of each website monthly are calculated by formula (2), is shown in Table 1；
4) the monthly variation figure for drawing VOCs mean relative concentrations, is shown in Fig. 1.
By table 1 and Fig. 1 as it can be seen that VOCs concentration highest near monitoring station C, especially in Jan-Sept, monitoring station B is attached
Close VOCs concentration is minimum.This matches with the actual conditions discharged of VOCs near each website in the city.
Before the application, those skilled in the art will not calculate the concentration of VOCs, the i.e. control zone VOC with following rule, increase
Add VOCs concentration, O3It can rise, increase NO2Concentration, O3It can decline.Because without a large amount of on-line measurement data (2013 before 1.
Before year)；There are many type of 2.VOCs, and people are accustomed to measuring one or more VOCs with instrument and equipment.
1 2017 years four, certain city monitoring station NO of table2、O3With the monthly variation of VOCs concentration
Note: NO in table2And O3Respective concentration is represented, unit: μ g/m3.VOCs represents the mean relative concentrations of VOCs.
Researcher of the present invention controls the data of environmental monitoring website since 2013 to the state in cities multiple in Jiangsu Province
Analyze and calculated, certain cities have been carried out to continue nearly research and analysis in 6 years.By to each website VOCs in urban district
The measuring and calculating of mean relative concentrations and compare, can accurately judge the pollution level of each website VOCs, determine that VOCs daily 24 is small
When and the rule of year every monthly variation the source side of VOCs can determine whether by the variation of comparison and wind direction between monitoring station
To.These results of study and the actual discharge of urban district VOCs, the flow direction of VOCs, O3The variation of concentration and the concentration of PM2.5
There is the higher goodness of fit, the main enterprises of VOCs discharge can be found out with this.It is combined with other ways and means, it can be with
Judge the main source of urban district PM2.5.
Claims (4)
1. the measuring and calculating of proximate region atmospheric volatile organic compounds mean relative concentrations and comparative approach, feature exist in a kind of city
In, comprising the following steps:
(1) to the ozone O of measurement region X3Concentration and nitrogen dioxide NO2Mean concentration carry out continuous real-time measurement；
(2) in the control zone VOCs, the mean concentration of a period or a period VOCs in measurement region X are calculated by following formula
[VOCs]x,
[VOCs]x=kV[O3]x[NO2]x
Wherein, kVThe rate constant generated for a period in measurement region or a period VOCs control zone ozone；[NO2]xFor same a period of time
Nitrogen dioxide mean concentration, [O in atmosphere in section or contemporaneity measurement region X3]xFor same period or contemporaneity measurement region
Ozone in Atmosphere mean concentration in the X of domain；
(3) it calculates according to above-mentioned formula and measures similar in the X of region the flat of same period in other regions or contemporaneity VOCs
Equal concentration [VOCs]y, wherein [VOCs]yIn y represent with measurement region X similar in other zone numbers；
(4) by [VOCs]xWith [VOCs]yIt is compared, due to the rate constant that ozone generates in the control zone VOCs of proximate region
kVIt is close or equal, judge the pollution level of same period or contemporaneity VOCs in proximate region；
(5) by the variation of comparison and wind direction to period VOCs mean relative concentrations same in proximate region, judge that VOCs comes
The direction in source.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the time interval of real-time measurement is per hour one
It is secondary.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), a period or a period indicate a certain hour, certain
A few houres, certain 1 day or certain 1 month.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), be with other regions similar in measurement region X
Region of the how in 30 kilometers.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111504865A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 湖南建工集团有限公司 | Construction and stockpiling site raise dust emission standard exceeding judging method and system |
| CN111855602A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 北京大学 | System for measuring ozone generation rate in field environment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111504865A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 湖南建工集团有限公司 | Construction and stockpiling site raise dust emission standard exceeding judging method and system |
| CN111855602A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 北京大学 | System for measuring ozone generation rate in field environment |
| CN111855602B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-04-25 | 北京大学 | System for measuring ozone generation rate in field environment |
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Application publication date: 20191122 |
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