CN110486929B - Phase change water heater and control method thereof - Google Patents
Phase change water heater and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110486929B CN110486929B CN201910928040.5A CN201910928040A CN110486929B CN 110486929 B CN110486929 B CN 110486929B CN 201910928040 A CN201910928040 A CN 201910928040A CN 110486929 B CN110486929 B CN 110486929B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a phase-change water heater and a control method. Wherein, this phase transition water heater includes: the device comprises a cold water joint, a hot water joint, a thermostatic valve and a phase-change energy storage unit, wherein the cold water joint is communicated with an external water source, the hot water joint is used for providing hot water, the thermostatic valve is used for heating water through heat exchange, the water inlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit is communicated with the cold water joint, and the two water inlet ends of the thermostatic valve are respectively communicated with the cold water joint and the water outlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit; the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device is communicated with the output end of the thermostatic valve; the control circuit board is electrically connected with the instant heating type electric heating device, and is used for determining the temperature T2 according to the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device, the flow V of the instant heating type electric heating device and the hot water temperature T3 of the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device, wherein the temperature T2 is the constant temperature of the constant temperature valve. The invention has lower power and thus good applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating, in particular to a phase-change water heater and a control method thereof.
Background
In terms of instant electric water heater, it has many different structures and implementation modes, and each has advantages and disadvantages, so that it is used in different use environments. Whether the electric heating rod, the electric heating tube or the electric heating wire is used for directly heating water or the electromagnetic induction heating mode is used for heating water, the electric heating rod, the electric heating tube or the electric heating wire must have higher power (such as 6-8KW or even higher) to meet the use requirements of people in shower. However, the existing household electric wires are often 4 square cables, even 1.5 square cables are used in old houses, and the high-power instant electric water heater cannot be used, so that the high-power instant electric water heater is often limited by the use environment and cannot be widely used.
As phase change energy storage materials are developed and are continually being improved, phase change water heaters are developed. The phase-change water heater is characterized in that a phase-change energy storage material is heated to store heat, a heat exchanger is arranged in the phase-change energy storage material, and when hot water needs to be heated, cold water flows through the heat exchanger so that the heat stored in the phase-change energy storage material in advance is transferred to the cold water, and the cold water is heated. However, since the phase change energy storage material has a limited energy storage capacity, hot water of a sufficient temperature cannot be provided for a long time, and thus it is difficult to satisfy the user's time use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the phase-change water heater and the control method thereof, which not only enable the phase-change energy storage unit to have longer service time, but also enable the instant heating type electric heating device to work with lower heating power, and have lower power so as to have good applicability.
The invention discloses a phase-change water heater, which comprises a cold water joint, a hot water joint, a thermostatic valve and a phase-change energy storage unit, wherein the cold water joint is communicated with an external water source, the hot water joint is used for providing hot water, the phase-change energy storage unit is used for heating water through heat exchange, the water inlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit is communicated with the cold water joint, and the two water inlet ends of the thermostatic valve are respectively communicated with the cold water joint and the water outlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit; the instant heating type electric heating device is used for heating water, and the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device is communicated with the output end of the thermostatic valve; the control circuit board is electrically connected with the instant heating type electric heating device, and is used for determining the temperature T2 according to the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device, the flow V of the instant heating type electric heating device and the hot water temperature T3 of the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device, wherein the temperature T2 is the constant temperature of the constant temperature valve.
In one embodiment, the phase change energy storage unit comprises a heat preservation shell, a phase change energy storage material filled in the heat preservation shell, a heat exchange tube inserted in the phase change energy storage material and a heating element, one end of the heat exchange tube is communicated with a cold water joint, and the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected with one water inlet end of the thermostatic valve.
In one embodiment, the insulation shell may be formed of an inner shell and an outer shell with a gap therebetween, the gap being a vacuum, or/and the gap being filled with insulation wool.
In one embodiment, the heating element is an electrothermal tube, an electrothermal wire, or an electrothermal film.
In one embodiment, the instant heating type electric heating device comprises a heating tube, an insulating tube coaxially sleeved on the outer side surface of the heating tube and an electromagnetic coil wound on the outer side surface of the insulating tube, wherein a heating cavity formed by a gap is arranged between the heating tube and the insulating tube, and two ends of the heating cavity are respectively a water inlet end and a water outlet end of an electromagnetic induction heating body; and the IGBT power module is electrically connected with the control circuit board and is used for providing alternating current for the electromagnetic coil.
In one embodiment, the heating element and the circuit module are electrically connected to the power supply through a selector switch.
In one embodiment, the selection switch is a three-gear change-over switch, and the three-gear change-over switch includes a first gear, a second gear and a third gear, wherein the first gear is suspended, the second gear is electrically connected with the heating element, and the third gear is electrically connected with the circuit module.
In one embodiment, the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device is provided with a flow valve, the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device is provided with a temperature sensor, and the flow valve and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with the control circuit board.
The invention also discloses a control method of the phase-change water heater, which comprises the following steps:
determining a temperature T2 by the control circuit board according to the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device, the flow V of the instant heating type electric heating device and the hot water temperature T3 of the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device;
setting the constant temperature of the constant temperature valve 4 to be the temperature T2;
the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is started, cold water with the temperature T1 flows in through the cold water joint 1, and hot water with the temperature T3 flows out from the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device 5.
In one embodiment, before the step of determining the temperature T2, the steps further comprise: the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is determined according to the power born by the power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the phase-change energy storage unit is connected with the instant heating type electric heating device in series, the phase-change energy storage unit is firstly utilized to heat water once and then utilized to heat the instant heating type electric heating device for the second time, so that hot water with required temperature is obtained, the advantages of the phase-change energy storage unit and the instant heating type electric heating device are considered, the advantages of the phase-change energy storage unit and the instant heating type electric heating device are taken into consideration, the heat energy consumption of the phase-change energy storage unit in the using process can be obviously reduced, the using time of the phase-change energy storage unit is prolonged, the instant heating type electric heating device only needs to work at lower heating power for the second time, and the whole power is lower, so that the phase-change energy storage unit is convenient to use in a conventional commercial power circuit environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a phase change water heater.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a phase change energy storage unit in one embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic induction heating element.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an internal structure of an embodiment of an electromagnetic induction heating element.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a control circuit of the phase change water heater.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the preset purpose, the following detailed description refers to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a phase change water heater, comprising a cold water joint 1 for communicating with an external water source, a hot water joint 2 for providing hot water, a phase change energy storage unit 3 for heating water by heat exchange, a thermostatic valve 4, an instant heating type electric heating device 5 and a control circuit board 6; the water inlet end of the phase change energy storage unit 3 is communicated with the cold water joint 1, the two water inlet ends of the thermostatic valve 4 are respectively communicated with the cold water joint 1 and the water outlet end of the phase change energy storage unit 3, the output end of the thermostatic valve 4 is communicated with the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device 5, and the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is communicated with the hot water joint 2; the control circuit board 6 determines the constant temperature of the constant temperature valve 4 according to the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device 5, and controls the operation of the instant heating type electric heating device 5.
As shown in connection with fig. 2, in one embodiment, the phase change energy storage unit 3 includes a heat-retaining shell, a phase change energy storage material filled in the heat-retaining shell, a heat exchange tube 33 interposed in the phase change energy storage material, and a heating element 34. Wherein, the heat preservation shell can be formed by an inner shell 31 and an outer shell 32, and a gap is arranged between the inner shell 31 and the outer shell 32, and the gap is vacuum or/and is filled with heat preservation cotton. Wherein one end of the heat exchange tube 33 is communicated with the cold water joint 1, and the other end of the heat exchange tube 33 is connected with one of the water inlet ends of the thermostatic valve 4. When the cold water enters the heat exchange tube 33 from the cold water joint 1, the heat stored by the phase change energy storage material is absorbed by the heat exchange tube 33 to heat the cold water. When the phase change energy storage material stores heat energy for consumption, the phase change energy storage material can be heated by the heating element 34, for example, the heating element 34 is an electrothermal tube, an electrothermal wire or an electrothermal film.
The instant heating type electric heating device 5 may be a conventional instant heating type electric water heater, or may be an electromagnetic induction heating device, which is not limited herein. The instant heating type electric heating device 5 is shown in combination with fig. 3 and 4 by using an electromagnetic induction heating device. The electromagnetic induction heating device comprises a heating tube 51, an insulating tube 52 coaxially sleeved on the outer side surface of the heating tube 51 and an electromagnetic coil 53 wound on the outer side surface of the insulating tube 52, wherein a heating cavity 54 formed by a gap is arranged between the heating tube 51 and the insulating tube 52, and two ends of the heating cavity 54 are respectively provided with a water inlet end 55 and a water outlet end 56 of the instant heating type electric heating device 5.
In addition, as well known to those skilled in the art, the electromagnetic induction heating device further includes an IGBT power module that cooperates with the electromagnetic coil 53, and the control circuit board outputs a switch control signal to the IGBT power module to enable the IGBT power module to provide alternating current to the electromagnetic coil 53, so that the electromagnetic coil 53 generates an orthogonal magnetic field, the heating tube 51 generates eddy current in the alternating magnetic field to generate heat, when water enters the heating cavity 54, cold water flowing through the heating cavity 54 exchanges heat with the heating tube 51 to be heated into hot water or boiled water, and finally the hot water inlet and outlet end 56 flows out through the hot water connector 2. Of course, the electromagnetic induction heating device may also be an embodiment of other structures, such as CN 201721311626X, CN 2018212150501, CN2018106038208 or CN2018106038369.
In addition, in order to reduce the power consumption of the phase-change water heater, so that the phase-change water heater can be applied to a vast majority of commercial power environments, it is preferable that the power supply source respectively heats the element 34 and the instant electric heating device 5 through the selection switch, so that the heating element 34 and the instant electric heating device 5 cannot operate simultaneously, the instant electric heating device 5 cannot operate when the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is supplemented with heat energy through the heating element 34, and the instant electric heating device 5 cannot supplement heat energy through the heating element 34 when the instant electric heating device 5 is operated. I.e. both heating hot water and supplementing heat energy cannot be performed simultaneously, thereby reducing the overall operating power. For example, the selection switch is a three-gear change-over switch, and the power supply is electrically connected with the heating element 34 of the phase change energy storage unit 3 and the circuit module of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 through a three-gear change-over switch, and the three-gear change-over switch comprises a first gear, a second gear and a third gear. The first gear is suspended, and when the first gear is selected, the power is cut off to stop working; the second gear is electrically connected with the heating element 34 of the phase-change energy storage unit 3, so that the heating element 34 heats the phase-change energy storage material in the phase-change energy storage unit 3 to supplement heat energy when the second gear is selected; the third gear is electrically connected with the circuit module of the instant heating type electric heating device 5, and when the third gear is selected, the instant heating type electric heating device 5 starts to work, so the third gear is the starting switch of the phase change water heater.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the control process of the phase change water heater disclosed by the invention is as follows:
step S1, determining the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 according to the power born by the power supply.
Specifically, the preset maximum heating power P is determined according to the maximum power that can be borne by the power supply cable connected to the mains under the installation and use environment of the thermoelectric device 5. According to the wire load current value specified in national standard GB4706.1-1992/1998, for example, when a copper core wire is adopted as a power supply cable for 2.5 square millimeters, the maximum load current value which can be born is 16A-25A, and the maximum power can theoretically bear about 5500W, and considering that a refrigerator and an air conditioner can be connected to a power supply for simultaneous use, the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 can be determined to be 3000W or even 2500W. It is already possible to adapt the maximum heating power P of the instant heating electric heating device 5 to most existing mains environments when it does not exceed 3000W.
In step S2, the control circuit board 6 determines the temperature T2 according to the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device 5, the preset outlet water temperature T3, and the flow V of water entering the instant heating type electric heating device 5.
According to the heat capacity ratio calculation formula of water:
E=CM△t；
P’t=CρV△t；
P’= CρV△t/t；
P’=PK；
but Δt=outlet temperature T3-constant temperature T2;
i.e., pk=cρv (T3-T2)/T to obtain: t2=t3-PtK/cρv.
Wherein E represents thermal energy, in units of: J. p' represents the theoretical power. M represents the mass of water. Δt represents the temperature difference. C is the heat capacity ratio of water 4.2 x 103 joules per kilogram-degree celsius. ρ represents the density of water. K represents the heating efficiency of the instant heating type electric heating device 5, for example, K is 0.8-0.9, and 80% -90% of the heating efficiency is represented. V represents the flow rate of water entering the instant heating type electric heating device 5, and preferably the maximum flow rate determined when the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is manufactured, or a flow valve may be provided at the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device 5, and the flow rate V of water entering the instant heating type electric heating device 5 may be detected by the flow valve and supplied to the control circuit board 6.
Step S3, setting the constant temperature of the constant temperature valve 4 to be the temperature T2.
The thermostatic valve 4 is any one commercially available one. Generally, the thermostatic valve 4 is classified into a general type thermostatic valve which requires manual setting of a thermostatic temperature and an electronic (intelligent) thermostatic valve which can be set by remote control. Therefore, after the constant temperature T2 is determined in step S2, the constant temperature valve can be adjusted by the user to set the constant temperature to the temperature T2 as required, and the control circuit board 6 remotely sets the constant temperature from the constant temperature valve to the temperature T2 when the conditions allow.
And S4, starting the instant heating type electric heating device 5 to heat, so that the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 flows out hot water with preset water outlet temperature T3.
Specifically, after the cold water at the temperature T1 flows to the water inlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit 3 through the cold water joint 1, the temperature T4 of the hot water flowing out of the water outlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is greater than T2 and even greater than T3, at this time, the cold water at the cold water joint 1 is simultaneously supplied to the thermostatic valve 4 to ensure that the hot water at the temperature T2 flows out of the output end of the thermostatic valve 4 (when T2 is greater than T4, the output end of the thermostatic valve 4 is the hot water at the temperature T2 cannot flow out, at this time, the energy stored in the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is consumed, and the phase-change energy storage unit 3 must be heated and charged), at this time, the phase-change energy storage unit 3 completes one-time heating, and the cold water at the temperature T1 is heated to the temperature T2. However, the hot water with the temperature T2 enters the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 from the output end of the thermostatic valve 4, the instant heating type electric heating device 5 heats the hot water for the second time, and the hot water is continuously heated from the temperature T2 to the temperature T3, so that the use requirement of a user is met.
Of course, if the temperature T2 is determined in the above step S2, the flow V is determined according to the maximum flow determined when the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is manufactured, and when the control circuit board 6 does not reach the flow V according to the amount of water detected by the flow valve in actual use, it is understood that the instant heating type electric heating device 5 does not need to be heated at a temperature lower than the maximum heating power P. In general, the water outlet of the instant heating electric heating device 5 is further provided with a temperature sensor to detect whether the flowing hot water is equal to the temperature T3, if yes, the control circuit board 6 controls the IGBT power module to maintain the current power of the instant heating electric heating device 5, otherwise, the control circuit board 6 controls the IGBT power module to increase the current power of the instant heating electric heating device 5 until detecting whether the flowing hot water is equal to the temperature T3. Therefore, only when the speed of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 to discharge the hot water is equal to the flow V selected at the time of determining the temperature T2, the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is operated at the maximum heating power P. The control circuit board controls the IGBT power module to perform power adjustment, which is common knowledge of a person skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail in this application.
The control circuit board 6 is provided with a controller, such as a singlechip. How the singlechip performs data acquisition on the flow valve, the temperature device and the like, and performs power adjustment on the IGBT power module (see, for example, CN 2010101783087) are all common knowledge in the art, and are not repeated in the present application.
In one practical application, the present invention is more vividly illustrated by taking the temperature t1=15 ℃ and the temperature t3=45℃. Assume that: when the phase change energy storage unit 3 is used only to heat cold water of 15 ℃ to 45 ℃, the service time of the phase change energy storage unit 3 is 60 minutes. First, the maximum heating power p=2800w of the phase change water heater is determined, that is, the heating power for supplementing the phase change energy storage material with heat energy by the heating element 34 cannot exceed 2800W, and the power of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 cannot exceed 2800W because only the instant heating type electric heating device 5 needs electric energy in the process of providing hot water using the phase change water heater. The temperature t2=30 ℃ is determined by the above step S2, and at this time, the constant temperature of the thermostatic valve 4 is set to 30 ℃. Therefore, the cold water at 15 ℃ is subjected to heat exchange through the phase-change energy storage unit 3 to finally obtain hot water at 30 ℃ which is sent to the instant heating type electric heating device 5, and the instant heating type electric heating device 5 further heats the hot water at 30 ℃ to 45 ℃ in an electric heating mode. It can be seen from this: (1) the single use time of the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is prolonged, for example, in the practical application case, the longest use time of the phase-change energy storage unit 3 can be prolonged to 120 minutes from 60 minutes; (2) the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is operated with lower heating power, so that the solution is provided, the applicability is improved, if the cold water at 15 ℃ is directly heated to 45 ℃, the heating power of the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is required to reach more than 5000W, and the bearing capacity of most commercial power electricity utilization environments can be exceeded.
Therefore, the invention takes advantages of both the phase-change energy storage unit 3 and the instant heating type electric heating device 5 into consideration, and takes advantage of the shortages, the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is connected with the instant heating type electric heating device 5 in series through the thermostatic valve 4, and the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is utilized to heat the cold water once and then the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is utilized to heat the cold water twice, so that the hot water with the required temperature is obtained. The invention has the advantages that: 1. when the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is used for heating once, compared with the method that cold water is directly heated from the temperature T1 to the temperature T3 by the phase-change energy storage unit 3, the heat energy consumption of the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is obviously reduced, the service time of the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is prolonged to meet the actual use requirement, for example, the service time when the cold water is directly heated from the temperature T1 to the temperature T3 by the phase-change energy storage unit 3 is 2 hours, and the service time of the phase-change energy storage unit 3 can be prolonged to 5 hours or even 10 hours. 2. Because the instant heating type electric heating device 5 is an instant heating structure, if the heating power required for directly heating cold water from the temperature T1 to the temperature T3 is large (generally 6-8KW is required), the instant heating type electric heating device cannot be directly used in a general commercial power circuit environment, but after the instant heating type electric heating device is subjected to primary heating to the temperature T2 through the phase change energy storage unit 3, the instant heating type electric heating device 5 only needs to carry out secondary heating on water and the temperature T2 is heated to the temperature T3, so that the instant heating type electric heating device 5 needs small heating power at the moment, and can be used in the general commercial power circuit environment. Therefore, the phase-change energy storage unit 3 and the instant heating type electric heating device 5 have the advantages of both the phase-change energy storage unit and the instant heating type electric heating device, are both good in favor of the short term, have high overall power, and are suitable for being used in various commercial power circuit environments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting, but is intended to cover any and all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The phase-change water heater comprises a cold water joint communicated with an external water source, a hot water joint used for providing hot water, a thermostatic valve and a phase-change energy storage unit used for heating the water through heat exchange, wherein the water inlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit is communicated with the cold water joint, and the two water inlet ends of the thermostatic valve are respectively communicated with the cold water joint and the water outlet end of the phase-change energy storage unit; characterized by further comprising:
the instant heating type electric heating device is used for heating water, and the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device is communicated with the output end of the thermostatic valve;
the control circuit board is electrically connected with the instant heating type electric heating device, and is used for determining a temperature T2 according to the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device, the flow V of the instant heating type electric heating device and the hot water temperature T3 of the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device, wherein the temperature T2 is the constant temperature of the constant temperature valve;
the phase-change energy storage unit comprises a heat preservation shell, a phase-change energy storage material filled in the heat preservation shell, a heat exchange tube and a heating element, wherein the heat exchange tube and the heating element are inserted in the phase-change energy storage material;
the heat-insulating shell can be composed of an inner shell and an outer shell, a gap is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell, the gap is vacuum or/and the gap is filled with heat-insulating cotton;
the instant heating type electric heating device comprises a heating tube, an insulating tube coaxially sleeved on the outer side surface of the heating tube and an electromagnetic coil wound on the outer side surface of the insulating tube, wherein a heating cavity formed by a gap is arranged between the heating tube and the insulating tube, and two ends of the heating cavity are respectively a water inlet end and a water outlet end of an electromagnetic induction heating body; and the IGBT power module is electrically connected with the control circuit board and is used for providing alternating current for the electromagnetic coil.
2. The phase change water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating element is an electric heating tube, a heating wire or an electric heating film.
3. The phase change water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating element and the circuit module are electrically connected to the power supply through a selection switch.
4. A phase change water heater as claimed in claim 3, wherein the selection switch is a three-gear change switch comprising a first gear, a second gear and a third gear, the first gear being suspended, the second gear being electrically connected to the heating element, the third gear being electrically connected to the circuit module.
5. A phase change water heater according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the water inlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device is provided with a flow valve, the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device is provided with a temperature sensor, and the flow valve and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with the control circuit board.
6. A control method of a phase change water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
determining a temperature T2 by the control circuit board according to the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device, the flow V of the instant heating type electric heating device and the hot water temperature T3 of the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device;
setting the constant temperature of the constant temperature valve to be the temperature T2;
the instant heating type electric heating device is started, cold water with the temperature T1 flows in through the cold water joint, and hot water with the temperature T3 flows out from the water outlet end of the instant heating type electric heating device.
7. The control method of a phase change water heater according to claim 6, further comprising the step of, before the step of determining the temperature T2: and determining the preset maximum heating power P of the instant heating type electric heating device according to the power born by the power supply.
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