CN110486227B - Wind power generation system based on active protection of wind environment and protection method thereof - Google Patents

Wind power generation system based on active protection of wind environment and protection method thereof Download PDF

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CN110486227B
CN110486227B CN201910725031.6A CN201910725031A CN110486227B CN 110486227 B CN110486227 B CN 110486227B CN 201910725031 A CN201910725031 A CN 201910725031A CN 110486227 B CN110486227 B CN 110486227B
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wind
wind speed
fan
voltage
piezoelectric material
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CN110486227A (en
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曹茂森
祝梓航
信志强
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Hohai University HHU
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06Rotors
    • F03D1/065Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/024Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades of individual blades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0264Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
    • F03D7/0268Parking or storm protection
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/047Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the controller architecture, e.g. multiple processors or data communications
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F03D7/048Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller controlling wind farms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/30Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/32Wind speeds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind power generation system based on active protection of wind environment and a protection method thereof, wherein the wind power generation system comprises a remote sensor, a remote host and a wind power generation system, wherein the remote sensor is used for monitoring the wind conditions of incoming flows in a wind field and transmitting the monitored data to the remote host; and then, the remote host screens and judges the received information according to the operating environment requirement of the wind driven generator, if the incoming wind strength exceeds the bearing range of the fan blade, the voltage of the piezoelectric material required to be applied to the surface of the blade is searched according to the wind condition, the piezoelectric material is powered, the piezoelectric material applies a facing load to the surface of the fan blade, and the deformation of the blade is controlled within an allowable range so as to prevent the blade from being damaged. The invention has the characteristics of high early warning analysis speed, wide range of coping situations and suitability for a fan group, can simultaneously carry out data processing and remote control on a plurality of wind driven generators, and achieves the effect of actively protecting the fan blades in the same wind field.

Description

Wind power generation system based on active protection of wind environment and protection method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blade protection during the operation of a wind driven generator, in particular to a wind power generation system based on active protection of a wind environment and a protection method thereof.
Background
The damage of the wind driven generator in the operation process is mostly represented as the damage of the blade, because the intensity of the wind field exceeds the range which can be borne by the wind driven generator, and most of the wind driven generator is damaged due to the fact that early warning is not timely, the protection work is incomplete, and measures cannot be taken timely, and the blade is deformed too much. The monitoring of the wind driven generator is applied to practical engineering at present, most sensors are arranged at key positions for monitoring, but the control of the blade by the piezoelectric material is only in a theoretical research stage, and no relevant application example exists.
The existing wind driven generator early warning protection measures exist: the early warning is not timely, the protection mechanism is incomplete, the coping condition is limited and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a wind power generation system based on active protection of wind environment and a protection method thereof aiming at the defects involved in the background technology.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the wind power generation system based on active protection of the wind environment comprises a plurality of fan generators, a plurality of control hosts, a plurality of wind speed sensors and a remote host, wherein the control hosts are in one-to-one correspondence with the fan generators;
three fan blades of the fan generator are all actively controlled fan blades, and square piezoelectric materials are embedded in skins at root parts, midspans and tail end strain parts of the fan blades;
the control host is respectively connected with each piezoelectric material of three fan blades in the corresponding fan generator and is used for controlling the input voltage value of each piezoelectric material;
the wind speed sensors are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the wind field and used for monitoring the wind power of the wind field in real time and transmitting the wind power to the remote processing terminal;
the remote host is respectively connected with each wind speed sensor and each control host and is used for controlling each control host to work according to the monitoring data of each wind speed sensor so as to adjust the input voltage value of each piezoelectric material in the corresponding fan generator.
The invention also discloses a protection method of the active fan blade protection system based on the wind environment, which comprises the following steps:
step 1), monitoring the incoming flow wind conditions in a wind field by a plurality of wind speed sensors, and transmitting the monitored wind condition data to a remote host in real time;
step 2), the remote host sorts the wind speed values monitored by the wind speed sensors, and the maximum wind speed value v and a preset critical wind speed threshold value v are selectedcComparing;
step 3) if v is more than or equal to vcThe remote host computer is at a preset' wind speed v-voltage U1、U2、U3' Table search to find out voltage U matched with wind speed value v1、U2、U3And sends it to each control host;
step 4), controlling the host computer to apply the voltage U1、U2、U3The voltage is respectively used as the input voltage of the piezoelectric material at the root part, the midspan part and the tail end strain part of each fan blade of the corresponding fan generator, the surface of each fan blade is applied with a face load, and the deformation of the blade is controlled within an allowable range so as to prevent the blade from being damaged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a wind power generation system based on active protection of a wind environment and a protection method thereof, which have the characteristics of high early warning analysis speed, wide response condition range and suitability for a wind turbine group, and can simultaneously perform data processing and remote control on a plurality of wind power generators so as to achieve the effect of actively protecting the fan blades in the same wind field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fan blade in the wind turbine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-skin, 2-piezoelectric material.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention discloses a wind power generation system based on active protection of wind environment, which is characterized by comprising a plurality of fan generators, a plurality of control hosts corresponding to the fan generators one by one, a plurality of wind speed sensors and a remote host;
three fan blades of the fan generator are all actively controlled fan blades, and square piezoelectric materials are embedded in skins at root parts, midspans and tail end strain parts of the fan blades;
the control host is respectively connected with each piezoelectric material of three fan blades in the corresponding fan generator and is used for controlling the input voltage value of each piezoelectric material;
the wind speed sensors are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the wind field and used for monitoring the wind power of the wind field in real time and transmitting the wind power to the remote processing terminal;
the remote host is respectively connected with each wind speed sensor and each control host and is used for controlling each control host to work according to the monitoring data of each wind speed sensor so as to adjust the input voltage value of each piezoelectric material in the corresponding fan generator.
Before protection, the fluid-solid coupling numerical calculation of the whole wind driven generator needs to be carried out on the protected wind driven generator, such as: setting a plurality of working conditions at intervals of 0.5m/s for the wind speed value, wherein the interval comprises the maximum value of the wind speed of the area in 100 years; the stress strain values of three piezoelectric material arrangement points of the fan blade under each wind speed condition are sorted out according to the calculation result, and the critical wind speed v is obtained according to the maximum stress strain value allowed by the fan bladec. When the wind speed exceeds the critical wind speed vcIn the process, the voltage U which is required to be applied to the three piezoelectric materials and ensures that the stress strain values at the three piezoelectric material arrangement points of the fan blade are smaller than the maximum stress strain value allowed by the fan blade under each wind speed is calculated according to a piezoelectric equation1、U2、U3Value, finally "wind speed v-voltage U" is to be formed1、U2、U3"data table.
The piezoelectric equation adopted for calculating the stress strain values of three piezoelectric material arrangement points of the fan blade is as follows:
Figure BDA0002158601570000031
wherein epsiloniWhich is indicative of the overall strain,
Figure BDA0002158601570000032
is a coefficient of compliance, σjDenotes stress, dkiIs the piezoelectric strain constant, EkRepresents the electric field strength, which can be expressed in relation to the voltage as:
Figure BDA0002158601570000033
the protection method of the invention is shown in fig. 3, and comprises the following steps:
step 1), monitoring the incoming flow wind conditions in a wind field by a plurality of wind speed sensors, and transmitting the monitored wind condition data to a remote host in real time;
step 2), the remote host sorts the wind speed values monitored by the wind speed sensors, and the maximum wind speed value v and a preset critical wind speed threshold value v are selectedcComparing;
step 3) if v is more than or equal to vcThe remote host computer is at a preset' wind speed v-voltage U1、U2、U3' Table search to find out voltage U matched with wind speed value v1、U2、U3And sends it to each control host;
step 4), controlling the host computer to apply the voltage U1、U2、U3The voltage is respectively used as the input voltage of the piezoelectric material at the root part, the midspan part and the tail end strain part of each fan blade of the corresponding fan generator, the surface of each fan blade is applied with a face load, and the deformation of the blade is controlled within an allowable range so as to prevent the blade from being damaged.
The wind power generation system is based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material and combines a high-performance computing technology, and is high in early warning analysis speed, wide in response range and capable of protecting a fan group. The system can monitor and process dangerous wind conditions in time, and reduces the deformation of the fan blade through the remote control piezoelectric material controller, so that the purposes of protecting the fan blade in real time and avoiding the damage of the fan blade due to overlarge deformation are achieved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The wind power generation system based on active protection of the wind environment is characterized by comprising a plurality of fan generators, a plurality of control hosts, a plurality of wind speed sensors and a remote host, wherein the control hosts are in one-to-one correspondence with the fan generators;
three fan blades of the fan generator are all actively controlled fan blades, and square piezoelectric materials are embedded in skins at root parts, midspans and tail end strain parts of the fan blades;
the control host is respectively connected with each piezoelectric material of three fan blades in the corresponding fan generator and is used for controlling the input voltage value of each piezoelectric material;
the wind speed sensors are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the wind field and used for monitoring the wind power of the wind field in real time and transmitting the wind power to the remote processing terminal;
the remote host is respectively connected with each wind speed sensor and each control host and is used for controlling each control host to work according to the monitoring data of each wind speed sensor so as to adjust the input voltage value of each piezoelectric material in the corresponding fan generator;
the remote host sorts the wind speed values monitored by the wind speed sensors, and the maximum wind speed value v and a preset critical wind speed threshold value v are selectedcComparing; if v is greater than or equal to vcThe remote host searches a 'wind speed-voltage' table preset by piezoelectric materials at the root, the midspan and the tail end of the fan blade, finds out a voltage matched with a wind speed value and sends the voltage to each control host; the control host machine takes the voltage as the input voltage of the piezoelectric material at the root, span and tail end strain positions of each fan blade of the corresponding fan generator, applies a face load to the surface of each fan blade, and controls the deformation of the blades within an allowable range so as to prevent the blades from being damaged.
2. The protection method of the wind power generation system based on the active protection of the wind environment according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step 1), monitoring the incoming flow wind conditions in a wind field by a plurality of wind speed sensors, and transmitting the monitored wind condition data to a remote host in real time;
step 2), the remote host sorts the wind speed values monitored by the wind speed sensors, and compares the maximum wind speed value v with a preset critical wind speed threshold value vc;
step 3), if v is larger than or equal to vc, the remote host searches in a preset table of wind speed v-voltage U1, U2 and U3, finds out the voltage U1, U2 and U3 matched with the wind speed v, and sends the voltage U1, U2 and U3 to each control host;
and 4), the control host respectively takes the voltages U1, U2 and U3 as input voltages of piezoelectric materials at root parts, midspan parts and tail end strain parts of the fan blades of the corresponding fan generator, a facing load is applied to the surface of each fan blade, and the deformation of the blades is controlled within an allowable range so as to prevent the blades from being damaged.
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