CN110484721B - Preparation method of low-reduction pulverized vanadium titano-magnetite pellets - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-reduction pulverized vanadium titano-magnetite pellets Download PDFInfo
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- CN110484721B CN110484721B CN201910859520.0A CN201910859520A CN110484721B CN 110484721 B CN110484721 B CN 110484721B CN 201910859520 A CN201910859520 A CN 201910859520A CN 110484721 B CN110484721 B CN 110484721B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite pellets, belonging to the technical field of mineral processing and comprising the following steps: s1, preparing a vanadium titano-magnetite green ball: mixing the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, a binder and water in proportion, and pelletizing to obtain vanadium-titanium magnetite green pellets with qualified granularity; s2, preparing vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellets: and (3) conveying the qualified green pellets into a grate for drying, oxidizing and roasting to obtain the low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellets. The roasting temperature range of the chain grate is higher than the preheating temperature of the traditional chain grate and lower than the roasting section temperature of the rotary kiln, so that the part of the rotary kiln is saved, and the investment and the energy consumption are saved; the produced vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellet has low reduction degradation rate, can meet the raw material requirement of subsequent gas-based shaft furnace reduction, and is favorable for realizing the comprehensive utilization of the vanadium titano-magnetite by adopting a pre-reduction-electric furnace process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of vanadium titano-magnetite, and particularly relates to a preparation method of low-reduction pulverized vanadium titano-magnetite pellets.
Background
The vanadium titano-magnetite resources in China are mainly distributed in regions such as Pan-xi areas in Sichuan, Chengde in Hebei and Hanzhong in Shaanxi. The reserve capacity of the Pan-West region is 93.933 hundred million tons, the predicted reserve capacity is 117.75 hundred million tons, the reserve capacity is 1/5 percent of the total reserve capacity of all iron ores in the country, the reserve capacity is 1/4 percent of the world vanadium-titanium magnetite, the reserve capacities of iron, vanadium and titanium respectively account for 19.6 percent, 62.2 percent and 90.5 percent of the country, and the reserve capacities of titanium and vanadium respectively account for the first place and the third place in the world. The currently identified reserves in the Chengdu area are about 85 hundred million tons, second only to Pan-West nationwide second vanadium titano-magnetite.
At present, the iron vanadium and titanium in vanadium titano-magnetite resources are developed and utilized at home and abroad, and the method is that firstly, ores are sorted to obtain two main products of vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate and ilmenite concentrate, and then the vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate and titanium concentrate products are processed and utilized. In the process of mineral separation, Pan-West vanadium titano-magnetite in China approximately accounts for 52% of titanium and 89% of vanadium in the total amount of raw ore and enters vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate products. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization value of the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate is the highest, and the method is the key point of the comprehensive utilization work of the vanadium-titanium magnetite resource.
Aiming at the treatment method of the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, the non-blast furnace method can realize the smelting of the full vanadium-titanium ore, the recovery rate of iron, vanadium and titanium is high, while the blast furnace method needs to be added with common iron ore to carry out TiO smelting on furnace slag2The grade is controlled below 25 percent, the smelting can be smoothly carried out, and the slag TiO2The grade is low, the iron and the vanadium can not be economically recycled, and only the iron and the vanadium can be recycled. From the perspective of recovering iron, vanadium and titanium, the non-blast furnace method is superior to the blast furnace method; from the economic benefit perspective, the large production scale is more favorable, and the blast furnace method and the pre-reduction-electric furnace method have larger advantages in the production scale than other methods; from the viewpoint of environmental protection, the pre-reduction-electric furnace method has no sintering, coking and other processes, and has little environmental pollution. From the perspective of comprehensive utilization and environmental protection, the prereduction-electric furnace method is suitable as a main method for comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate.
The specific process of the pre-reduction-electric furnace method is as follows: the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate is pre-reduced, the pre-reduced product is smelted in an electric furnace, and the separation of iron, vanadium and titanium can be completed in the electric furnace. From the aspect of smelting process, when smelting is carried out by the pre-reduction-electric furnace method, the heating process is provided by electric energy conversion, the added coke is only used as a reducing agent, and the reduction potential is controllable, so that the control difficulty of the smelting process is reduced, the main reason for realizing the smelting of the all-vanadium-titanium ore is that the slag titanium is high in grade, and favorable conditions are created for recycling titanium.
The pre-reduction process mainly comprises a rotary kiln method, a gas-based shaft furnace method and the like according to different reduction equipment. The vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellet produced by adopting the traditional process of preheating the grate and roasting in the rotary kiln has higher reduction degradation rate. For the pre-reduction process of the rotary kiln, the vanadium titano-magnetite pellets with high pulverization rate generate a large amount of powder in the reduction process, which can aggravate the ring formation phenomenon of the rotary kiln, influence the normal production and reduce the production rate. For the pre-reduction process of the gas-based shaft furnace, the materials move from top to bottom and the reducing gas moves from bottom to top in the reduction process of the gas-based shaft furnace, so that the smooth operation of the reduction process of the gas-based shaft furnace can be ensured only if the good air permeability in the reduction process is ensured. The too high reduction degradation rate of the vanadium titano-magnetite pellet easily causes the air permeability of the shaft furnace to deteriorate, and the requirement of the gas-based shaft furnace reduction on the raw materials is difficult to meet. Therefore, how to prepare the vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellet with low reduction degradation rate is one of the key problems for realizing the comprehensive utilization of the vanadium titano-magnetite by the pre-reduction-electric furnace smelting process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the reduction degradation rate of oxidized pellets of vanadium titano-magnetite is high, the air permeability of a shaft furnace is easy to deteriorate, and the requirement of gas-based shaft furnace reduction on raw materials is difficult to meet in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of low-reduction degradation vanadium titano-magnetite pellets, so as to meet the requirement of gas-based shaft furnace reduction and realize the smooth process of reducing vanadium titano-magnetite by a gas-based shaft furnace.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of low-reduction pulverized vanadium titano-magnetite pellets comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a vanadium titano-magnetite green ball: mixing the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, a binder and water in proportion, and pelletizing to obtain vanadium-titanium magnetite green pellets with qualified granularity;
s2, preparing vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellets: and (3) conveying the qualified green pellets into a grate for drying, oxidizing and roasting to obtain the low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellets.
Preferably, in step S1, the binder is one or more of bentonite, an organic binder and a composite binder.
Preferred embodiments include, but are not limited to, pellitol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the composite binder is a mixture of bentonite and an organic binder.
Preferably, in step S1, the mass ratio of the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate to the binder to the water is (87-92.5): (0.5-3.0): (7-10).
Preferably, in step S1, the particle size of the vanadium titano-magnetite green ball is 8-20 mm.
Preferably, in the step S2, the drying temperature of the grate is in the range of 150 to 400 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S2, the oxidizing roasting temperature of the grate is 950 to 1150 ℃, and the oxidizing roasting time is 20 to 60 min.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
compared with the traditional two-stage process of preheating the chain grate and roasting in a rotary kiln, the pellet produced by the process has better low-temperature reduction and pulverization performance. The basic reason for low-temperature reduction pulverization of the vanadium titano-magnetite pellets is that the titanium hematite and the hematite are subjected to lattice change during pre-reduction, and the trigonal system hexagonal lattice is converted into the isometric system cubic lattice, so that the lattice distortion is caused, the great internal stress is generated, and the vanadium titano-magnetite pellets are cracked and pulverized under the action of the internal stress. The roasting temperature of the grate is lower than that of the rotary kiln, so that the degree of lattice transformation from titanomagnetite to titanomagnetite and hematite in the pellets in the oxidation process can be reduced, and the pulverization caused by lattice transformation in the reduction process of the pellets can be reduced in the pre-reduction stage of the shaft furnace, so that the reduction pulverization rate is lower.
The invention has the advantages that:
the method has the advantages that the roasting temperature range of the chain grate is higher than the preheating temperature of the traditional chain grate and lower than the roasting temperature of the rotary kiln, so that the rotary kiln part is saved, and the investment and the energy consumption are saved; the produced vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellet has low reduction degradation rate, can meet the raw material requirement of subsequent gas-based shaft furnace reduction, and is favorable for realizing the comprehensive utilization of the vanadium titano-magnetite by adopting a pre-reduction-electric furnace process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
In the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the means employed are those conventional in the art, and the reagents employed are commercially available in a conventional manner.
The technical solution of the present invention is explained in detail by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Preparing oxidized pellets by adopting a grate one-step roasting method: uniformly mixing the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, a binder and water in proportion, and preparing green pellets with the granularity of 8-20 mm by using a pelletizer; and (3) conveying the qualified green pellets into a grate, and respectively drying and oxidizing roasting at the drying temperature of 400 ℃ and the oxidizing roasting temperature of 950 ℃ for 60min to obtain vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellets, wherein the reduction degradation performance of the oxidized pellets is shown in table 1, and the process flow is shown in fig. 1.
Comparative example 1
The oxidized pellet is prepared by adopting a grate-rotary kiln process, and the production process system is as follows: the preheating temperature is 870 ℃, the preheating time is 12min, the roasting temperature is 1250 ℃, the roasting time is 10min, and the rest process conditions are the same as those of the example 1.
TABLE 1 comprehensive comparison of the reduction degradation performance of oxidized pellets of vanadium titano-magnetite
Table 1 shows the comprehensive comparison of the reduction degradation performance of the vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellets prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1, and it can be seen from table 1 that the low-temperature reduction degradation condition of the grate one-step roasted pellet is greatly improved compared with the grate pre-heating-rotary kiln roasted pellet.
Example 2
Preparing oxidized pellets by adopting a grate one-step roasting method: uniformly mixing the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, a binder and water in proportion, and preparing green pellets with the granularity of 8-20 mm by using a pelletizer; and (3) sending the qualified green pellets into a grate, and respectively drying and oxidizing roasting at the drying temperature of 300 ℃ and the oxidizing roasting temperature of 1050 ℃ for 40min to obtain vanadium-titanium magnetite oxidized pellets, wherein the reduction degradation performance of the oxidized pellets is shown in table 2.
Comparative example 2
The oxidized pellet is prepared by adopting a grate-rotary kiln process, and the production process system is as follows: the preheating temperature is 870 ℃, the preheating time is 12min, the roasting temperature is 1250 ℃, the roasting time is 10min, and the rest process conditions are the same as those of the example 2.
TABLE 2 comprehensive comparison of the reduction degradation performance of the oxidized pellet of vanadium titano-magnetite
Example 3
Preparing oxidized pellets by adopting a grate one-step roasting method: uniformly mixing the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, a binder and water in proportion, and preparing green pellets with the granularity of 8-20 mm by using a pelletizer; and (3) sending the qualified green pellets into a grate, and respectively drying and oxidizing roasting at the drying temperature of 350 ℃, the oxidizing roasting temperature of 1150 ℃ for 20min to obtain vanadium-titanium magnetite oxidized pellets, wherein the reduction degradation performance of the oxidized pellets is shown in table 3.
Comparative example 3
The oxidized pellet is prepared by adopting a grate-rotary kiln process, and the production process system is as follows: the preheating temperature is 870 ℃, the preheating time is 12min, the roasting temperature is 1250 ℃, the roasting time is 10min, and the rest process conditions are the same as those of the example 2.
TABLE 3 comprehensive comparison of the reduction degradation performance of the oxidized pellet of vanadium titano-magnetite
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of low-reduction pulverized vanadium titano-magnetite pellets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 preparation of the vanadium titano-magnetite green ball: mixing the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate, a binder and water in proportion, and pelletizing to obtain vanadium-titanium magnetite green pellets with qualified granularity;
s2 preparation of vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellet: sending the qualified green pellets into a grate for drying, oxidizing and roasting to obtain low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite oxidized pellets;
in step S2, the oxidizing roasting temperature of the chain grate is 950-1150 ℃, and the oxidizing roasting time is 20-60 min.
2. The method for preparing low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S1, the binder is one or more of bentonite, organic binder and composite binder.
3. The method of preparing low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that the organic binders include but are not limited to pellitol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the composite binder is a mixture of bentonite and an organic binder.
4. The method for preparing low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite pellets according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of the vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate, the binder and the water is (87-92.5): (0.5-3.0): (7.0 to 10).
5. The method for preparing low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S1, the particle size of the vanadium titano-magnetite green pellet is 8-20 mm.
6. The method for preparing low-reduction powdered vanadium titano-magnetite pellets according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the drying temperature range of the grate is 150-400 ℃.
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