CN110480066A - A kind of variable diameter step drill - Google Patents
A kind of variable diameter step drill Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110480066A CN110480066A CN201910875881.4A CN201910875881A CN110480066A CN 110480066 A CN110480066 A CN 110480066A CN 201910875881 A CN201910875881 A CN 201910875881A CN 110480066 A CN110480066 A CN 110480066A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- segment
- variable diameter
- diameter step
- step drill
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/009—Stepped drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/04—Angles, e.g. cutting angles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of variable diameter step drills, including shank and cutting portion.Wherein, cutting portion includes at least two outer circle swords, is extended spirally around the lateral wall of the cutting portion.In left-right direction, outer circle sword by with different cutting diameters the first segment of cutting and the second segment of cutting constitute.Technique groove is offered, on the cutting edge of outer circle sword for seamlessly transitting the first segment of cutting and the second segment of cutting.So, so that there is relatively small rake angle in the first segment of cutting carried out first into drilling process, so that it is with excellent incision.In addition, relaxing the requirement to the second segment of cutting cutting diameter to a certain extent, that is, the core thickness value of the second segment of cutting is increased, so that step drill has more excellent drilling rigidity, it is ensured that the Forming Quality in workpiece aperture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cutting tool manufacturing technology field, especially a kind of variable diameter step drill.
Background technique
In practical drilling process, the aperture of part workpiece is frequently present of small variable diameter step surface, such as automobile oil spout
Mouth, step surface height value only have tens, and with 10~15 ° of tilt angle.In addition, workpiece material is mostly stainless
The materials such as steel, high-temperature nickel-base alloy, so as to cause the spiral angle for needing strict control drill bit in the preliminary working stage.Work as helical angle
When angle value is bigger than normal, it is highly prone to wear for forming the cutting edge of step surface；And when spiral angle value is less than normal, the molding in aperture is thick
Rugosity value is lower, can not meet requirement.
In the prior art, the reply means of the amendment of addition ladder or addition protection knife rib as the above problem are all made of,
Achieve preferable effect.However, also haveing the shortcomings that serious.It is directed to the first improvement mode, due to its molding
Ladder radial height is minimum, and has tilt angle, is not easy to amendment, the molding of drill bit.It is directed to second of improvement mode, In
When practical grinding drill, it is difficult to ensure that protection knife rib is only repaired at ladder variable diameter, the cost as a result compromised is exactly this protection knife
Rib is needed while being repaired on the first ladder, and the first ladder radial rake is caused to become smaller, or even becomes negative, to influence the molding of workpiece
Quality.Thus, it would be highly desirable to technical staff solves the above problems.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind dedicated for small variable diameter step surface machine-shaping, and convenient for system
The variable diameter step drill made.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention relates to a kind of variable diameter step drills, including shank and cutting portion.Its
In, cutting portion includes at least two outer circle swords, is extended spirally around the lateral wall of the cutting portion.In left-right direction, outside
Circle sword by with different cutting diameters the first segment of cutting and the second segment of cutting constitute.It is offered on the cutting edge of outer circle sword
Technique groove, for seamlessly transitting the first segment of cutting and the second segment of cutting.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, the rake angle α of the first segment of cutting is controlled at 12~16 °；The
The rake angle β of two segment of cutting is controlled at 6~10 °.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, the pitch angle gamma of outer circle sword is controlled at 25~42 °.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, the total length of technique groove is controlled in 1~1.5mm.Technique
Groove is variable diameter camber line groove, and the radius of its each composition camber line is controlled in 20~50mm.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, outer circle sword is until extend to the end face of cutting portion to form end
Sword, and its relief angle δ is 10~18 °.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, outer circle sword includes false land, from its cutting edge to
After extend.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, the width w of false land is controlled in 0.2~0.5mm, and false sword
Band relief angle ε is controlled at 2~5 °.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, the outer diameter of cutting portion is D, and the length of cutting portion is L, then L
=3~5D.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, the radial total run-out of cutting portion and total axial run-out are controlled
Within 0.005.
As the further improvement of technical solution of the present invention, the cutting edge of outer circle sword is handled by rounding, and it is justified
Radius R is controlled in 0.3~0.5mm.
Compared to the drilling cutters of traditional design structure, in technical solution disclosed in this invention, outer circle sword is by first
Segment of cutting and the second segment of cutting seamlessly transit, so that in carrying out having into the first segment of cutting of drilling process first
Relatively small rake angle, so that it is with excellent incision.It is cut in addition, relaxing to a certain extent to second
The requirement of section cutting diameter is cut, that is, increases the core thickness value of the second segment of cutting, so that step drill has more excellent brill
Cut rigidity, it is ensured that the Forming Quality in workpiece aperture.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of variable diameter step drill in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the I partial enlarged view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the II partial enlarged view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the partial cutaway view of outer circle sword in variable diameter step drill of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the partial cutaway view of variable diameter step drill middle-end sword of the present invention
1- shank；2- cutting portion；21- outer circle sword；The first segment of cutting of 211-；The second segment of cutting of 212-；213- technique groove；
214- vacation land；The end 22- sword.
Specific embodiment
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, the orientation or position of the instructions such as term "left", "right", "front", "rear"
Setting relationship is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than
The device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Combined with specific embodiments below, the contents of the present invention are described in further detail, Fig. 1 is shown in the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of variable diameter step drill, including shank 1 and cutting portion 2.Wherein, cutting portion 2 includes two outer circle swords 21, is surrounded
The lateral wall of the cutting portion 2 is extended spirally.In left-right direction, outer circle sword 21 is by the first cutting with different cutting diameters
Section 211 and the second segment of cutting 212 are constituted.Technique groove 213 is offered, on the cutting edge of outer circle sword 21 for seamlessly transitting
First segment of cutting 211 and the second segment of cutting 212 (as shown in Figure 2).In this way, so that in carrying out first into drilling
First segment of cutting 211 of process has relatively small rake angle, so that it is with excellent incision.In addition, In
The requirement to 212 cutting diameter of the second segment of cutting is relaxed to a certain extent, that is, increases the core thickness value of the second segment of cutting 212,
So that variable diameter step drill has more excellent drilling rigidity, it is ensured that the Forming Quality in workpiece aperture.
It should be noted that the quantity of outer circle sword 21 is in addition to can be set as two as described above, it can be with root
Three, four and five etc. are had selected according to actual conditions.In general, increasing with 21 quantity of outer circle sword, workpiece aperture
Forming process it is further steady.
As advanced optimizing for above-mentioned variable diameter step drill structure, the rake angle α of the first segment of cutting 211 is preferably controlled 12
~16 °；The rake angle β of second segment of cutting 212 is preferably controlled 6~10 ° (as shown in Fig. 4,5).So, it can protect
Under the premise of card outer circle sword 21 cuts rigidity, ensure its gentle transition as far as possible, and can also reduce to a certain extent and actually cut
Power is cut, to reduce the self-deformation amount of cutting energy consumption and the variable diameter step drill in cutting process, improves formed precision.It is another
Aspect can also reduce processing hardening, inhibit the generation of built-up edge, improve the quality of finished surface.
Relative to the smooth transition of the second segment of cutting 212 and processing, molding are reduced for the first segment of cutting 211 of raising
From the aspect of degree of difficulty, the total length of above-mentioned technique groove 213 is controlled in 1~1.5mm.In addition, also needing technique groove
213 are set as variable diameter camber line groove, and the radius of its each composition camber line is controlled in 20~50mm.
It is known that the angle after being in line with its axis is unfolded in the helix that helical angle is variable diameter step drill outermost circle.Generally
For, with the increase of helical angle, the anterior angle of outer circle sword 21 also correspondingly increases, to can increase chip removal to a certain extent
Fluency, however, the rigidity of variable diameter step drill also decreases.Therefore, from the aspect of integrating chip removal performance and Cutting Stiffness two,
Above-mentioned variable diameter step drill pitch angle gamma is generally preferably controlled 25~42 ° (as shown in fig. 1).
Furthermore in order to further increase the axial incision performance of variable diameter step drill, it can also be arranged in the end of cutting portion 2
There is end sword 22 (as shown in Fig. 1,3), is extended to the left by outer circle sword 21 along cutting portion 2 and formed and its relief angle δ is 10~18 °
(as shown in Figure 7).
Furthermore false land 214 can also be opened up on outer circle sword 21, is extended back by cutting edge into (in such as Fig. 6
It is shown), consequently facilitating realizing outer circle sword 21 and holding company's mill of sword 22, the formation of undercut is avoided, molding ruler is greatly improved
Very little precision additionally aids the roughness for reducing part in addition, being configured by using above-mentioned technical proposal, improves processing
Precision.It is verified by lot of experimental data, in general, the width w of false land 214 is preferably controlled in 0.2~0.5mm, and false sword
214 relief angle ε of band is controlled 2~5 ° (as shown in Figure 6).
Furthermore in order to further increase the machining accuracy of variable diameter step drill, the roughness on workpiece shaping surface is improved, may be used also
With by cutting portion 2 radial total run-out and total axial run-out control within 0.005, preferably processed in a manner of electric spark
Molding.
Furthermore for intensity of the variable diameter step drill in high-speed cutting processing workpiece is improved, improve its service life aspect
Consider, as advanced optimizing for its structure, the diameters of axle ratio of cutting portion 2 can also be defined, specific recommendation is as follows: cutting
The length in portion 2 is assumed to L, then L=3~5D, and herein, D represents the outer diameter of cutting portion 2.
Furthermore can also to foreign round sword 21 cutting edge carry out rounding processing, and radius of circle R control 0.3~0.5mm (such as
Shown in Fig. 6), so as to effectively optimize outer circle sword 21 in the stress of cutting process, prevent it from tipping phenomenon occurs.
From the aspect of the fairness of chip removal, the accounting to core thickness relative to cutting portion 2 is needed to control, setting is cut
The outer diameter for cutting portion 2 is D, and core thickness diameter is set as d, in general, d=50~55%D.
Finally, extending it for the wear resistence for improving variable diameter step drill and sharpening period etc. consideration, can also cut
Wear-resistant coating (not shown) is provided in portion 2, and according to the material of preprocessing workpiece preferred TiC, TiN, Al2O3Or it is compound
Coating.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of variable diameter step drill, including shank and cutting portion；Wherein, the cutting portion includes at least two outer circle swords, is enclosed
Lateral wall around the cutting portion is extended spirally；In left-right direction, the outer circle sword is by with different cutting diameters
One segment of cutting and the second segment of cutting are constituted；Technique groove is offered on the cutting edge of the outer circle sword, for seamlessly transitting
First segment of cutting and second segment of cutting.
2. variable diameter step drill according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rake angle α of first segment of cutting is controlled
At 12~16 °；The rake angle β of second segment of cutting is controlled at 6~10 °.
3. variable diameter step drill according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control of the pitch angle gamma of the outer circle sword 25~
42°。
4. variable diameter step drill according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the total length of the technique groove
Control is in 1~1.5mm；The technique groove is variable diameter camber line groove, and the radius of its each composition camber line is controlled in 20~50mm.
5. variable diameter step drill according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the outer circle sword is until extend to the cutting portion
End face to form end sword, and its relief angle δ is 10~18 °.
6. variable diameter step drill according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the outer circle sword includes false land, by it
Cutting edge extends back.
7. variable diameter step drill according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the width w control of the vacation land 0.2~
0.5mm, and vacation land relief angle ε control is at 2~5 °.
8. variable diameter step drill according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the outer diameter of the cutting portion is D, the cutting portion
Length be L, then L=3~5D.
9. variable diameter step drill according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the radial total run-out of the cutting portion and axial direction are complete
Bounce control is within 0.005.
10. variable diameter step drill according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the cutting edge of the outer circle sword passes through rounding
Processing, and its radius of circle R control is in 0.3~0.5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910875881.4A CN110480066A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of variable diameter step drill |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910875881.4A CN110480066A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of variable diameter step drill |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110480066A true CN110480066A (en) | 2019-11-22 |
Family
ID=68558412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910875881.4A Withdrawn CN110480066A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of variable diameter step drill |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110480066A (en) |
-
2019
- 2019-09-17 CN CN201910875881.4A patent/CN110480066A/en not_active Withdrawn
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|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20191122 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |