CN110479774B - Method for eliminating pit defect on surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel - Google Patents
Method for eliminating pit defect on surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110479774B CN110479774B CN201910744878.9A CN201910744878A CN110479774B CN 110479774 B CN110479774 B CN 110479774B CN 201910744878 A CN201910744878 A CN 201910744878A CN 110479774 B CN110479774 B CN 110479774B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0269—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, and belongs to the technical field of steel rolling. The method comprises the following process control: smelting; heating the plate blank: the total in-furnace time of the plate blank is 170-220 min, and the furnace temperature of the heating furnace is controlled to be 1280-1350 ℃; hot rolling and rough rolling: for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of less than or equal to 2.5mm, the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 1070-1090 ℃ when the width is less than or equal to 1300mm, and the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 1090-1110 ℃ when the width is more than 1300 mm; for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of more than 2.5mm, controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 1050-1110 ℃; hot rolling and finish rolling: the first frame to the fourth frame all adopt high-speed steel rolls, and the grade of the roll surface is more than two grades; laminar cooling, curling, acid washing and drying. The method can effectively reduce the incidence rate of pit defects on the surface of the strip steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of hot-rolled strip steel, belongs to the technical field of steel rolling, and particularly relates to a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel.
Background
Hot-rolled pickled steel is an intermediate product between hot-rolled sheet and cold-rolled sheet. Compared with the common hot rolled plate, the hot-rolled pickled plate removes the iron oxide scales on the surface, improves the surface quality, and is convenient for welding, oiling, electrophoresis and paint spraying. The hot-rolled pickled plate is used for replacing a corresponding cold-rolled plate, so that the production cost of an enterprise can be saved. The hot-rolled pickled steel mainly comprises cold-forming steel, structural steel, automobile structural steel, enamel steel and the like, and is widely applied to the industry fields of automobiles, compressors, general machines and the like at present.
In the development and production process of hot-rolled pickled steel, the surface quality defects of the hot-rolled strip steel are more in variety and more complex in formation reason, wherein the pit defects on the surface are most difficult to control, and particularly for thin pickled steel, once the pit defects appear on the surface, a series of problems are brought to the processing processes of stamping, electrophoresis, paint spraying and the like of users, the product quality is influenced, and the complaints of the users are caused.
Generally, the generation of pit defects on the surface of a hot rolled strip is related to tertiary scale defects in the finish rolling process and the falling off of an oxide film on the surface of a finish rolling roll into the surface of the strip, so that the pit defects on the surface of the strip are controlled, and the improvement of the rolling process and the maintenance of the oxide film on the surface of the finish rolling roll are key points. At present, the related technologies in the related patents and documents mainly aim at hot rolling medium and thick plate products, and thin hot rolling pickled steel products have higher difficulty in controlling surface pit defects due to fast temperature drop in the finish rolling process, large rolling load and higher difficulty in controlling surface pit defects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, which optimizes a rolling process on the basis of controlling the content of alloy elements and can effectively reduce the incidence rate of pit defects on the surface of strip steel.
In order to realize the aim, the invention discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, which comprises the following process control:
smelting;
heating the plate blank: the total in-furnace time of the plate blank is 170-220 min, and the furnace temperature of the heating furnace is controlled to be 1280-1350 ℃;
hot rolling and rough rolling: for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of less than or equal to 2.5mm, the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 1070-1090 ℃ when the width is less than or equal to 1300mm, and the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 1090-1110 ℃ when the width is more than 1300 mm;
for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of more than 2.5mm, controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 1050-1110 ℃;
hot rolling and finish rolling: the first frame to the fourth frame all adopt high-speed steel rolls, and the grade of the roll surface is more than two grades;
laminar cooling, curling, acid washing and drying.
Further, the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.09-0.12% of C, 0-0.20% of Si, 1.35-1.50% of Mn, 0-0.02% of P, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities.
Further, the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.09-0.12% of C, 0.001-0.20% of Si, 1.35-1.50% of Mn, 0.001-0.02% of P and 0.001-0.01% of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities. Researches find that the Cr element and the Si element with proper contents are beneficial to improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the hot-rolled pickled steel, the Si element and the P element with proper contents are more beneficial to controlling the high-temperature oxidation speed of the hot-rolled pickled steel, and the adhesion of the iron scale with thinner surface thickness is obviously reduced due to the action of the P element, so that the iron scale is easy to crack at a matrix interface and fall off, a smooth surface can be formed by controlling a subsequent rolling process, and the probability of pockmarks on the surface of the hot-rolled pickled steel is further reduced.
Further, the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 percent of C, 0.05 percent of Si, 1.35 percent of Mn, 0.005 percent of P and 0.008 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Further, in the hot-rolling rough rolling process, for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of less than or equal to 2.5mm, the final rolling temperature is controlled to be 1075-1085 ℃ when the width of less than or equal to 1300mm, and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be 1090-1100 ℃ when the width of more than 1300 mm.
The reason why the finishing temperature in the hot rolling and rough rolling process must be strictly controlled is that when the finishing temperature of rough rolling is too high, the three times of oxidized scales generated on the surface of the strip steel enter a finish rolling area, are too thick and are easy to fall off, so that the abrasion of the oxide film of a finish rolling working roll is accelerated, and finally the pit defect on the surface of the strip steel is generated. Experiments show that when the finish rolling inlet temperature is higher than 1100 ℃, the occurrence probability of pit defects on the surface of the acid-washed steel is greatly increased. The temperature of the thin pickled steel is rapidly reduced in the finish rolling process, if the finish rolling temperature of rough rolling is too low, the rolling load (particularly F1-F3 frames) is greatly increased in the finish rolling stage, so that the abrasion and the peeling of the oxide film on the surface of the steel roll are caused, once the oxide film on the surface of the working roll is peeled off, on one hand, the peeled oxide film on the surface of the roll is adhered to the surface of the hot rolled strip steel, and is rolled into the surface of the strip steel in a subsequent frame to form a tertiary scale defect; on the other hand, after the oxide film on the surface of the working roll is stripped, the roll surface becomes quite rough, the front and back sliding action in a strip steel deformation area enables the working roll and the hot rolled strip steel to have relative motion, at the moment, the protruding part of the roll surface has a ditch-like action on the surface of the strip steel, the exposed fresh surface in the ditch is oxidized in water and atmosphere to generate tertiary iron scale, at the initial biting stage of deformation in a subsequent rack, the iron scale parts crushed on the two sides of the ditch due to the prior deformation fall into the ditch, and are ground into the surface of the strip steel together with the tertiary iron scale generated in the ditch in the continuous deformation process to form iron scale defects.
Furthermore, in the hot rolling finish rolling process, the number of times of using the high-speed steel roll is controlled to be less than or equal to 2 times for the hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness specification of less than or equal to 2.5mm or the width specification of more than or equal to 1300 mm. The high-speed steel roll is used for the frames F1-F4 in finish rolling, so that the pit defect on the surface of the thin hot-rolled pickled steel can be effectively avoided, and researches show that the consumption of the high-speed steel roll is only 1/3 of that of the traditional high-chromium iron roll within the same rolling mileage, and the peeling of an oxide film on the surface can be effectively reduced. In addition, in the finish rolling process of the hot-rolled pickled steel strip, roll gap water and cooling water of a working roll must be normally input, and rolling oil of F2-F4 frames must be input for use in order to effectively reduce the rolling force. The operation is beneficial to the reduction of the rolling force in a finish rolling area and the maintenance of an oxide film on the surface of a finish rolling roller, thereby eliminating the pit defect on the surface of the thin hot-rolled pickled steel.
Further, the pickling process comprises the steps of firstly passing through a continuous pickling tank, wherein the pickling temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the HCl concentration in the pickling tank is 80-200 g/L.
Further, the temperature of the air in the dryer in the drying process is 110-130 ℃.
Further, during heating of the plate blank, the total in-furnace time of the plate blank is 180-200 min. The time of the plate blank in the furnace must be controlled, if the heating time is too long, the scale on the surface of the steel blank is too thick, and the subsequent descaling is difficult, so that the surface of the pickled steel strip is blackened or has banded color difference defects, and the surface quality of the pickled steel is influenced. Meanwhile, the furnace temperature of the heating furnace is controlled to be 1280-1350 ℃, Si is 0.001-0.20%, and Cr is 0.001-0.01%; controlling the scale on the surface of the billet to be within 2.0 mm. The scale having the thickness is uniformly peeled off during rolling and the surface roughness is reduced.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly embodied in the following aspects:
1. the invention discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, which is characterized in that alloy elements are controlled within a reasonable range, specifically, 0.001-0.20% of Si, 0.001-0.02% of P and 0.001-0.01% of Cr, so that the adhesion of steel plate iron oxide scales is obviously reduced on the basis of properly improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the hot-rolled pickled steel, and the iron oxide scales with thinner surface thickness are easy to crack and fall off at a matrix interface and reduce the surface roughness in the rough rolling process;
2. the method designed by the invention combines specific process control on the basis of controlling the content of the alloy elements, such as strict control on the heating temperature, the heating time, the hot rolling rough rolling final rolling temperature, the finish rolling process and the like of the plate blank, and the probability of pockmark defects on the surface of the steel plate is greatly reduced after pickling;
3. the method designed by the invention can be realized on the existing hot continuous rolling production line and pickling production line, does not need new equipment investment, and does not have adverse effect on the production efficiency; and the thickness specification of the obtained product covers a part of the cold-rolled product, so the product has an application prospect of replacing part of the cold-rolled product, the production cost can be greatly reduced for users, the obtained product has no defects of pits and the like on the surface after being processed into parts by stamping forming and coating, and the product quality is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a macro topography of the surface of a steel plate obtained by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a macro topography of the surface of a steel plate obtained by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a surface micro-topography of a steel plate obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a macro topography of the surface of a steel plate obtained by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a surface micro-topography of a steel plate obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.09-0.12% of C, 0.001-0.20% of Si, 1.35-1.50% of Mn, 0.001-0.02% of P and 0.001-0.01% of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
The method comprises the following specific process control:
smelting;
heating the plate blank: the total in-furnace time of the plate blank is 170-220 min, and the furnace temperature of the heating furnace is controlled to be 1280-1350 ℃;
hot rolling and rough rolling: for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of less than or equal to 2.5mm, the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 1070-1090 ℃ when the width is less than or equal to 1300mm, and the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 1090-1110 ℃ when the width is more than 1300 mm;
for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of more than 2.5mm, controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 1050-1110 ℃;
hot rolling and finish rolling: the first frame to the fourth frame all adopt high-speed steel rolls, and the grade of the roll surface is more than two grades; controlling the use times of a high-speed steel roller to be less than or equal to 2 times for the hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness specification of less than or equal to 2.5mm or the width specification of more than or equal to 1300mm
Laminar cooling;
curling;
acid washing: firstly, the mixture passes through a continuous pickling tank, the pickling temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the HCl concentration in the pickling tank is 80-200 g/L.
Drying: the temperature of the dryer gas is 110-130 ℃.
In order to better explain the invention, the following further illustrate the main content of the invention in connection with specific examples, but the content of the invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.09 percent of C, 0.001 percent of Si, 1.35 percent of Mn, 0.001 percent of P and 0.001 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
example 2
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.12 percent of C, 0.20 percent of Si, 1.50 percent of Mn, 0.02 percent of P and 0.01 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
example 3
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.10 percent of C, 0.02 percent of Si, 1.40 percent of Mn, 0.015 percent of P and 0.005 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
example 4
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.095 percent of C, 0.10 percent of Si, 1.46 percent of Mn, 0.018 percent of P and 0.009 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
comparative example 1
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.12 percent of C, 0.20 percent of Si, 1.50 percent of Mn and 0.02 percent of P; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
comparative example 2
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.12 percent of C, 1.50 percent of Mn, 0.02 percent of P and 0.01 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
comparative example 3
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.12 percent of C, 0.20 percent of Si, 1.50 percent of Mn, 0.02 percent of P and 0.01 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
comparative example 4
The embodiment discloses a method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel, wherein the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.12 percent of C, 0.20 percent of Si, 1.50 percent of Mn, 0.02 percent of P and 0.01 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
Wherein the specific process control is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 Process control List
As is clear from the examples 1 to 4 in Table 1, the thin hot-rolled pickled sheet obtained by the design method of the present invention has good surface quality and no pit defect, and can satisfy the use conditions of stamping, electrophoresis, etc. by users.
The photograph of the surface of the thin hot-rolled pickled plate obtained in example 1 is shown in FIG. 1, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the surface is silvery white and has no pit defect distribution, i.e., the surface quality is good.
The reason why the steel sheets obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2 had loose sand-like pockmarks on their surfaces is that the steel sheets had a high oxidation rate when Si and Cr were not present, and the large scale formed was worn and peeled off by the subsequent rolling, and a rough surface was easily formed.
The photograph of the surface of the steel sheet obtained in the above comparative example 3 is shown in fig. 2, and the microscopic morphology of the pit defect on the surface of the steel sheet is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from fig. 2 and 3 that the pit defect on the surface of the steel sheet is in a mountain peak shape, which is probably because the hot finishing temperature before pickling is too high, and the tertiary scale formed on the surface of the steel strip is too thick and easily drops after entering the finish rolling area, thereby accelerating the wear of the oxide film of the finish rolling work roll.
The photograph of the surface of the steel sheet obtained in comparative example 4 is shown in fig. 4, the microscopic morphology of the pit defects on the surface of the steel sheet is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen from fig. 4 and 5 that the pit defects on the surface of the steel sheet are in a loose sand state, which is probably because the finish rolling temperature of rough rolling is too low, and the rolling load (especially, F1 to F3 stands) is greatly increased in the finish rolling stage, so that the oxide film on the surface of the steel roll is worn and peeled off, and the peeled off oxide film on the surface of the hot-rolled strip adheres to the surface of the hot-rolled strip and is rolled into the surface of the strip in the subsequent stand to form the.
The above examples are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention has other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following process control:
smelting;
heating the plate blank: the total in-furnace time of the plate blank is 170-220 min, and the furnace temperature of the heating furnace is controlled to be 1280-1350 ℃;
hot rolling and rough rolling: for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of less than or equal to 2.5mm, the final rolling temperature is controlled to be 1075-1085 ℃ when the width is less than or equal to 1300mm, and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be 1090-1100 ℃ when the width is more than 1300 mm;
for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness of more than 2.5mm, controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 1050-1110 ℃;
hot rolling and finish rolling: the first frame to the fourth frame all adopt high-speed steel rolls, and the grade of the roll surface is more than two grades; controlling the use times of a high-speed steel roller to be less than or equal to 2 times for hot-rolled pickled steel with the thickness specification of less than or equal to 2.5mm or the width specification of more than or equal to 1300 mm;
laminar cooling, curling, acid washing and drying;
the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.09-0.12% of C, 0.001-0.20% of Si, 1.35-1.50% of Mn, 0.001-0.02% of P and 0.001-0.01% of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
2. The method for eliminating pitting defects on the surface of thin gauge hot rolled pickled steel according to claim 1, wherein: the hot-rolled pickled steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 percent of C, 0.05 percent of Si, 1.35 percent of Mn, 0.005 percent of P and 0.008 percent of Cr; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
3. The method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the pickling process comprises the steps of firstly passing through a continuous pickling tank, wherein the pickling temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the HCl concentration in the pickling tank is 80-200 g/L.
4. The method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature of the dryer gas in the drying process is 110-130 ℃.
5. The method for eliminating pit defects on the surface of thin hot-rolled pickled steel according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the slab heating process, the total in-furnace time of the slab is 180-200 min.
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CN111663078B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-09-21 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Hot-rolled pickled plate and method for eliminating pit defect of hot-rolled pickled plate |
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