CN110477943A - A kind of device and method for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus - Google Patents
A kind of device and method for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computerised tomographs
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/40—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4064—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis specially adapted for producing a particular type of beam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4208—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4208—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
- A61B6/4241—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using energy resolving detectors, e.g. photon counting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B6/482—Diagnostic techniques involving multiple energy imaging
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of equipment that dual intensity CT is realized in the way of flying focus, including X-ray bulb, beam-defining clipper, detector；The X-ray bulb further includes shell, cathode filament, anode target, electron-beam position control device, x-ray filter；The x-ray filter setting is in X-ray bulb or outside X-ray bulb on any X-ray beam.The present invention can accomplish that carrying out Z-direction simultaneously flies focus and dual intensity CT scan, and sample rate only needs to reach size when usual Z-direction flies focus, and demand when greatly reducing dual intensity and winged focus while applying to slip ring bandwidth reduces costs；Switch the position of optical focus by magnetic field or Electric Field Mode, switch speed is very fast, can meet or exceed the speed of traditional power spectrum CT high-low pressure switching.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Medical Imaging Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of CT detector method and apparatus.
Background technique
The chief component of third generation CT system includes Tube (bulb), Collimator (beam-defining clipper), Detector
(detector).X-ray bulb issues X-ray, and the light beam to form a taper is limited by beam-defining clipper.Cone-shaped beam is irradiated to detection
Electric signal is converted by detector on device and is converted to digital information by data acquisition and converting unit and is stored at image
In reason system.Image processing system generates image by a series of correcting algorithm and image reconstruction algorithm and is shown in display
On.For cost and technology maturation degree, mainstream detector, which is all used, is arranged in an arc by many detector modules
Entire detector is formed on the face of shape or polygon.A regularly arranged detector cells are formed in each detector module
Matrix.
Current power spectrum CT mainly has following manner:
1, double decker detector usually pastes two kinds of detectors in the two sides of one piece of circuit substrate.One close from x-ray focus
Layer can absorb low energy X ray, and sigmatron cannot absorb.It can be absorbed in another Layer Detection device of circuit substrate remaining
Sigmatron.Two layers of detector, which may be synthesized and decompose, generates power spectrum CT image.2, single bulb high-low pressure switching, is adopted
With the high pressure generator that can be switched fast bulb KV moment, made using a KV value in even number of samples in each odd samples
With another KV value.Generation power spectrum CT image is decomposed by carrying out synthesis to data corresponding to two KV.3, double bulbs are adopted
With different KV, two are respectively adopted different KV numerical value while exposing at a distance of 90 degree of bulb, corresponding two detections of bulb
Device receives data simultaneously.The data of two detectors, which rebuild, generates power spectrum CT imaging.4, photon counting detector, Neng Gou
X-ray photon is carried out in different X-ray energy intervals to count the sampled data for generating different-energy interval, further
It rebuilds and generates power spectrum CT image.5, two CT scan modes enclosed mostly.Two different KV are respectively adopted in two half-turn scannings
It is scanned.
Compare above a variety of scanning modes, double bulbs using the different KV and two CT scan mode enclosed mostly be easy by
To the influence of motion artifacts.The detection efficient of double decker detector is lower thus picture noise is excessive.Realize single bulb high-low pressure
The high pressure thus realization more difficulty for scanning needs valuableness of switching.Change X-ray filtration mode to change power spectrum in existing skill
The filter of a cycle is controlled in art using mechanical motion mode, processing technology is complicated and switch speed is slow.
In order to scan heart, CT gantry rotor must be rotated with very high speed accomplishes " freezing " heart movement with this
Purpose.CT revolving speed most fast at present has had reached the every circle of 0.23s and 0.25s, meanwhile, the width of detector has also reached covering
16cm sweep length totally 256 rows or 320 row's detectors.The pixel number of the every row of detector generally 900 or so, each pixel
Data are generally 16 or 24 bit binary datas.In order to adapt to fly focus scanning mode or height kV scan pattern, one
The sample rate of circle will usually reach 4096 or so.Therefore in the case where flying focus mode, transmission bandwidth required for slip ring is at least
(320*900*24*4096/0.23/ 1024*1024*1024)=114.6Gbps.This is that current slip ring design is unable to reach
's.Even if being encoded using 16bit, 256 row's detectors, 2048 sample rates of every circle, it is also desirable to the slip ring bandwidth of 28.1Gbps.In the heart
The prior art is almost difficult to realize the mode that height KV scan pattern and winged focus scanning mode combine in dirty scanning.
And special design is used in the application to enable to processing technology more simple using electric and magnetic fields switching
List and switch speed reach that single bulb high-low pressure switching mode is identical or higher switch speed
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to make in heart scanning with lower sample rate and with lower cost while carry out dual intensity CT's
Imaging and winged focus scanning mode provide a kind of device and method that dual intensity CT is realized in the way of flying focus, particular technique
Scheme is as follows:
A kind of equipment for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, including X-ray bulb, beam-defining clipper, detector；Wherein, X
It include x-ray filter in ray tube, the x-ray filter is arranged in X-ray bulb on any X-ray beam.
Specifically, the X-ray bulb further includes shell, cathode filament, anode target and electron-beam position control device.
Specifically, the x-ray filter can also be arranged in outside X-ray bulb on any X-ray beam.
It specifically, include retarder in the X-ray bulb, retarder is arranged in X-ray bulb on any electron beam.
Specifically, the x-ray filter realizes filter function by metal material and its alloy or ceramic material, is used for
Absorb high energy or low energy wavelength.
Specifically, the retarder is reversed electric field electrode, carries out photoelectrons slow by reversed electric field.
Specifically, the retarder is two pieces of equipotential electrode assemblies, accelerates distance to reduce electronics by reducing electronics
Energy.
Specifically, the substance that the retarder is made of small atomic number material, electronics pass through this matter energy and obtain
It reduces.
It is a kind of by fly focus in the way of realize dual intensity CT equipment application method the following steps are included:
S1, X-ray bulb is installed and is scanned after carrying out mechanical location alignment；
Make focal position that the switching of high frequency moment occur by controlling electron-beam position control device in S2, scanning process；
S3, detector acquisition moment and deflection of a beam of electrons frequency match so that each sampling corresponds to two kinds of X-ray energy
One of spectrum；
S4, collected data decompose according to common spectral imaging image reconstruction algorithm and finally reconstruct list
It can image and water base and iodo image.
Specifically, the switching of high frequency moment occurs for focal position described in the step S2 particular by magnetic field or electric field pair
The electron beam that cathode issues is deflected and is focused to realize.
Equipment working principle in the application are as follows: cathode filament is heated by high current and generates electron emission electron beam, electronics
Beam hits the optical focus on anode target by the electric field acceleration between cathode and anode, corresponding to generate X-ray beam.The position of electron beam
Setting control device can deflect to form the first electron beam or the second electron beam using electrostatic field or magnetostatic field type.Two beams electricity
Son strikes the first optical focus and the second smooth optical focus on anode target, and then is respectively formed the first X-ray beam and the second X-ray
Beam.On the one hand, switching of the X-ray focus on anode target position can be realized by changing magnetostatic field or electrostatic field；Another party
Face increases X-ray filter on the path of any X-ray beam to change its power spectrum or increase on the path of any electron beam
Retarder changes its beam energy, and then changes its Energy distribution for corresponding to the X-ray spectrum generated at optical focus.Thus
Realizing winged focus mode switching makes X-ray beam in different moments through or not through x-ray filter, thus has reached dual intensity
The purpose of CT scan.
The invention has the following advantages:
1, the technical program can accomplish that carrying out the winged focus of Z-direction and dual intensity CT scan, sample rate simultaneously only needs to reach logical
Normal Z-direction flies size when focus, and demand when greatly reducing dual intensity and winged focus while applying to slip ring bandwidth is reduced into
This；
2, switch the position of optical focus by magnetic field or Electric Field Mode, switch speed is very fast, can meet or exceed
The speed of traditional power spectrum CT high-low pressure switching.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of X-ray bulb in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of X-ray bulb in embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of X-ray bulb in embodiment 3.
Appended drawing reference: 1- shell, 2- anode target, 3- anode target shaft, 4- cathode filament, 5- electron-beam position control dress
It sets, the first electron beam of 6-, the second electron beam of 7-, the first optical focus of 8-, the second optical focus of 9-, the first X-ray beam of 10-, 11- second
X-ray beam, 12-X ray filter, 13- retarder.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of equipment for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, including X-ray bulb, beam-defining clipper, detector；Wherein, X
It is described including x-ray filter 12, shell 1, cathode filament 4, anode target 2 and electron-beam position control device 5 in ray tube
X-ray filter is arranged in X-ray bulb on the first X-ray beam 10, as shown in Figure 1.
X-ray filter can be metal material such as tin, molybdenum, copper, aluminium, platinum, zinc and its alloy, be also possible to inhale
Receive the ceramic material of low energy X ray.
The application method of the equipment the following steps are included:
S1, X-ray bulb is installed and is scanned after carrying out mechanical location alignment；
Make focal position that the switching of high frequency moment occur by controlling electron-beam position control device in S2, scanning process；
It is deflected and is focused by the electron beam that magnetic field or electric field issue cathode to realize；
S3, detector acquisition moment and deflection of a beam of electrons frequency match so that each sampling corresponds to two kinds of X-ray energy
One of spectrum.
S4, collected data decompose according to common spectral imaging image reconstruction algorithm and finally reconstruct list
It can image and water base and iodo image.
It is that continuous rotation is also possible to fix under the action of entire scanning process Anodic target 2 is in anode target shaft 3
's.
The equipment working principle are as follows: cathode filament 4 generates the first electron beam of thermionic emission 6 and second by high current
Electron beam 7, the first electron beam 6 and the second electron beam 7 distinguish accelerating impact anode by the high voltage electric field between cathode and anode
The first optical focus 8 and the second optical focus 9 on target 2, it is corresponding to generate the first X-ray beam 10 and the second X-ray beam 11；Wherein, electric
Beamlet position control 5 can be using electrostatic field type or the first electron beam of magnetostatic field deflection 6 formed using hot-wire coil
With the second electron beam 7, realization is switched fast to change position of the optical focus on anode target；On the other hand, when the first optical focus
When closer with the second optical focus position, increase X-ray filter on the path of the first X-ray beam 10 in X-ray bulb to change
Its power spectrum.Thereby realizing the switching of winged focus mode makes X-ray beam in different moments through or not through x-ray filter,
Dual intensity CT scan is thus achieved the purpose that.
Embodiment 2
Compared with Example 1, the first optical focus 8 and 9 position of the second optical focus are remote enough in the present embodiment, at this time X-ray
The setting of filter 12 on the second X-ray beam 11, can vary in X-ray energy spectrum outside X-ray bulb.As shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 1, replace x-ray filter 12 in the present embodiment using retarder 13, retarder 13 is arranged
In X-ray bulb on the second electron beam 7, as shown in Figure 3.By the second electron beam 7 and first electron beam 6 of retarder 13
Energy is not identical, thus the X-ray spectrum Energy distribution generated at the first optical focus 8 and the second optical focus 9 will not be identical, reach
To the purpose for changing power spectrum.Retarder 13 can be a reversed electric field electrode, carry out photoelectrons slow by reversed electric field.
In other preferred embodiments, retarder 13 is also possible to one by two pieces of equipotential electrode assemblies, by reducing electronics
Beam acceleration distance is to reduce beam energy.On electronics operating path, the reversed electric field formed by two pieces of electrodes can be to electricity
A sub opposite force, and then slowed down to electronics.So the kinetic energy of electronics is just reduced.
In other preferred embodiments, this device is also possible to the substance being made of small atomic number material, and electronics passes through this
Matter energy is reduced.Small atomic number material such as lithium, beryllium, since atom and X-ray interact, the electromagnetism of atom itself
Field energy enough plays the role of reducing velocity of electrons.
Above-mentioned detailed description is illustrating for one of them possible embodiments of the present invention, the embodiment not to
The scope of the patents of the invention is limited, all equivalence enforcements or change without departing from carried out by the present invention are intended to be limited solely by the technology of the present invention
In the range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of equipment for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, including X-ray bulb, beam-defining clipper, detector, feature exist
In, it include x-ray filter in the X-ray bulb, x-ray filter setting any X-ray beam in X-ray bulb
On.
2. the equipment according to claim 1 for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, which is characterized in that the X-ray
Bulb further includes shell, cathode filament, anode target and electron-beam position control device.
3. the equipment according to claim 1 for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, which is characterized in that the X-ray
Filter can also be arranged in outside X-ray bulb on any X-ray beam.
4. the equipment according to claim 1 for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, which is characterized in that the X-ray
Filter realizes filter function by metal material and its alloy or ceramic material.
5. a kind of equipment for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, including X-ray bulb, beam-defining clipper, detector, feature exist
In including retarder in the X-ray bulb, retarder is arranged in X-ray bulb on any electron beam.
6. the equipment according to claim 5 for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, which is characterized in that the retarder
For reversed electric field electrode, photoelectrons slow is carried out by reversed electric field.
7. the equipment according to claim 5 for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, which is characterized in that the retarder
For two pieces of equipotential electrode assemblies, accelerate distance to reduce electron energy by reducing electronics.
8. the equipment according to claim 5 for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus, which is characterized in that the retarder
The substance being made of small atomic number material, electronics pass through this matter energy and are reduced.
9. a kind of application method for the equipment for realizing dual intensity CT in the way of flying focus as described in claim 1 or 5 any one, packet
Include following steps:
S1, X-ray bulb is installed and is scanned after carrying out mechanical location alignment；
Make focal position that the switching of high frequency moment occur by controlling electron-beam position control device in S2, scanning process；
S3, detector acquisition moment and deflection of a beam of electrons frequency match so that in the corresponding two kinds of X-ray energy spectrums of each sampling
One kind；
S4, collected data decompose according to common spectral imaging image reconstruction algorithm and finally reconstruct Dan Nengtu
Picture and water base and iodo image.
10. application method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that focal position described in the step S2 occurs high
The switching of frequency moment is deflected and is focused particular by the electron beam that magnetic field or electric field issue cathode to realize.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110974275A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 明峰医疗系统股份有限公司 | Device and method for realizing dual-energy scanning by flying focus switching and X-ray filter |
| CN111134710A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-12 | 清华大学 | Multi-energy CT imaging system |
| CN113516725A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-10-19 | 明峰医疗系统股份有限公司 | Intelligent dark current processing method based on FPGA flying focus mode |
| CN113812970A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-21 | 中国人民解放军总医院 | CT scanning system and method and device for detecting installation accuracy of grating of CT scanning system |
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