CN110474765A - A kind of quantum block chain building method proving extension based on commission equity - Google Patents
A kind of quantum block chain building method proving extension based on commission equity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110474765A CN110474765A CN201910688889.XA CN201910688889A CN110474765A CN 110474765 A CN110474765 A CN 110474765A CN 201910688889 A CN201910688889 A CN 201910688889A CN 110474765 A CN110474765 A CN 110474765A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of quantum block chain building method that extension is proved based on commission equity, comprising the following steps: the whole network node is voted according to the ratio for the block chain equity held, and k super node is elected from the whole network node；Preparation and distribution entangled quantum pair between each node and each super node, and establish QKD channel；The node for being intended to publication transaction is generated into security key with corresponding k super node by QKD channel；It is intended to broadcast after the node that publication is traded stamps verifying label to Transaction Information using verification algorithm by security key；Super node receives after Transaction Information that it is verified to institute respectively；Transaction Information in actual time window is ranked up by super node respectively, generates block；K super node is held consultation between any two, and final block then passes through super node and broadcasted if it exists, and ordinary node is added into the received block of institute after receiving final block, until all super nodes complete out block process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to block chain technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of quantum for proving extension based on commission equity
Block chain building method.
Background technique
Block chain as a kind of distributed account book technology, have decentralization, it is transparent, can not distort, trust of know together, across putting down
The characteristics such as platform have been widely used in fields such as electronic money, supply chain logistics, intellectual property protection.However in quantum
When generation arrives, the hash algorithm for digging mine and front and back block associations will be increased searched collision attack by values unification
Risk, and elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) and RSA digital signature scheduling algorithm used in signing are in quantum
It is also precarious under the threat of Shor algorithm.
For these problems, successively there is scholar to propose the block of the various anti-quantum attacks based on classics and based on quantum
Chain version.Wherein, the quantum safety zone that signature verification is carried out using quantum-key distribution (QKD) that the authors such as Kiktenko propose
Block chain (Quantum-secured blockchain) will be in visible future, most feasibility, and related scholar is to it
Complete experimental verification.Two-tier network is mainly contained using the safe block chain of quantum that QKD carries out signature verification, first layer is to appoint
The QKD network of secret communication can all be carried out between two nodes by anticipating, and be mainly used for the shared key between any two node；The second layer
For classic network, the key for being formed using first layer QKD network stamps the transmission of the Transaction Information of signatures tab.
However, the Quantum-secured Blockchain that Kitenko etc. is proposed, which exists, extends with high costs ask
Topic.Because all must be set up QKD communication connection between the safe block chain requirement any two node of the quantum that they are proposed, and build
It needs to prepare between the node of vertical QKD communication connection and distributes a large amount of entangled quantum pair.Assuming that having n node, then just needing
Establish n (n-1)/2 QKD channel.Assuming that there are 10,000 nodes, then need to establish up to ten million QKD channels, and needs to prepare
Entangled quantum to will also be multiplied by the length of encryption information, it can be seen that, extension cost is extremely huge, thus limits
Quantum-secured Blockchain can be only applied in laboratory and only a few application scenarios.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to overcome extension described in the above-mentioned prior art at high cost, cannot widely applied defect, one kind is provided
The quantum block chain building method that extension is proved based on commission equity obtains super node, each node and election by election
Obtained super node establishes QKD channel, can be effectively reduced it and extends cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of quantum block chain building method proving extension based on commission equity, comprising the following steps:
S1: being often separated by certain time or a certain number of blocks, and the whole network node is according to the ratio of the block chain equity held
Example is voted, and k super node is elected from the whole network node, wherein k < n, and n is the whole network node total number；
S2: it prepares between each node and the k super node elected in the whole network node and is entangled with distribution
Quantum pair is twined, and establishes quantum-key distribution QKD communication connection, that is, establishes QKD channel；
S3: the node for being intended to publication transaction is generated into security key with corresponding k super node by QKD channel；
S4: the node for being intended to publication transaction uses the verification algorithm pair of information theory safety by the security key
Transaction Information stamps verifying label, then broadcasts the Transaction Information for stamping verifying label；
S5: after the k super node receives Transaction Information respectively, the received Transaction Information of institute is verified；
S6: the k super node is respectively carried out the Transaction Information in actual time window by preset sort criteria
Sequence generates block；
S7: the k super node is held consultation between any two, the block for approval of knowing together if it exists, as final block,
And broadcasted by super node, ordinary node is added into the received block of institute after receiving the final block,
Then this step to all super nodes are repeated and complete out block process, the i.e. building of performance sub-block chain；If can not reach altogether
Know, then declare that epicycle goes out block failure, and jump and execute S6 step, if continuous three-wheel goes out block failure, regard as systemic problem,
It jumps and executes S1 step and again selecting super node.
The technical program is based on the extension of DPOS (Delegated Proof of Stake) commission equity proof to quantum
Block chain is constructed, by electing super node for establishing QKD channel with other nodes, so that needs be made to establish
QKD channel is reduced to the linear order of magnitude from quadratic term quantity；After completing the foundation of QKD channel, by using information theory safety
Verification algorithm verifying label is stamped to Transaction Information, and hold consultation between all super nodes reach common understanding after realize it is common
Block out completes final block and goes out block process.
Preferably, the verification algorithm of the information theory safety in S4 step includes universal hash algorithm, Toeplitz Hash
Algorithm.
Preferably, in S4 step, Transaction Information includes caller information, recipient's information, timestamp, number of transferring accounts, hair
The side's of sending account has enough balance ticket information.
Preferably, in S6 step, Transaction Information is ranked up according to its timestamp.
Preferably, in S7 step, all super nodes use between any two Byzantine failure tolerance algorithm hold consultation reach altogether
Know.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is: being proved using DPOS commission equity to quantum
Block chain is constructed, and so that each node and the super node for completing to elect is established QKD channel, be can be effectively reduced quantum block
Chain establishes the extension cost of QKD channel, improves its scalability；It is established between each node and the super node elected
QKD channel makes quantum block chain have Unconditional security, the characteristic with the attack of anti-quantum algorithm；Using Byzantine failure tolerance
Algorithm holds consultation to all super nodes, makes it have certain Byzantine failure tolerance ability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the quantum block chain building method flow diagram that extension is proved based on commission equity of the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The attached figures are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitating the patent；
In order to better illustrate this embodiment, the certain components of attached drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent actual product
Size；
To those skilled in the art, it is to be understood that certain known features and its explanation, which may be omitted, in attached drawing
's.
The following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, for the quantum block chain building method flow diagram for proving extension based on commission equity of the present embodiment.
The present embodiment proposes a kind of quantum block chain building method that extension is proved based on commission equity, including following step
It is rapid:
S1: being often separated by certain time or a certain number of blocks, and the whole network node is according to the ratio of the block chain equity held
Example is voted, and k super node is elected from the whole network node, wherein k < n, and n is the whole network node total number.
S2: it prepares between each node and the k super node elected in the whole network node and is entangled with distribution
Quantum pair is twined, and establishes quantum-key distribution QKD communication connection, that is, establishes QKD channel.
S3: the node for being intended to publication transaction is generated into security key with corresponding k super node by QKD channel.
S4: the node for being intended to publication transaction is breathed out by the security key using universal hash algorithm, Toeplitz
Uncommon algorithm stamps verifying label to Transaction Information, then broadcasts the Transaction Information for stamping verifying label.
In the present embodiment, transmitted Transaction Information include caller information, recipient's information, timestamp, number of transferring accounts,
Sender's account has enough balance ticket information.
S5: after the k super node receives Transaction Information respectively, the received Transaction Information of institute is verified.
S6: the Transaction Information in actual time window is ranked up by the k super node according to its timestamp respectively,
Generate block.
S7: the k super node uses Byzantine failure tolerance algorithm to hold consultation to reach common understanding between any two, if it exists altogether
The same block of recognition, as final block, and broadcasted by super node, ordinary node will after receiving the final block
The received block of a upper institute is added in it, then repeats this step to all super nodes and completes out block process, is i.e. completion quantum
The building of block chain；If can not reach common understanding, declare that epicycle goes out block failure, and jump and execute S6 step, if continuous three-wheel goes out
Block failure, then regard as systemic problem, jumps and executes S1 step and again selecting super node.
In the present embodiment, quantum block chain is constructed using DPOS commission equity proof, is not needed to all nodes
Point-to-point QKD communication is established, the super node that each node need to only be obtained with election establishes QKD channel, this makes to need
The QKD channel of foundation is reduced to the linear order of magnitude from the quadratic term order of magnitude, effectively reduces quantum cryptography block chain and establishes QKD letter
The cost in road effectively improves its scalability, makes it have the use value of more universalness.Since QKD channel has been proved to manage
There is Unconditional security by upper, therefore the quantum block chain of the present embodiment similarly has the characteristic of anti-quantum algorithm attack.
Further, since DPOS does not dig mine process, there is no the calculation power imbalance that may cause by Quantum Grover search algorithm generations
51% risk of attacks.
In the present embodiment, since all super nodes go out block jointly, individual node is prevented and has gone out the forgery that block may occur
The possibility for trading, distorting block and trading initiator's denial transaction, and when there are attacker, attacker must attack simultaneously
At least 1/3 super node could know together to it and impact, and since super node is in the election results difference of each round, pole
The earth improves the attack difficulty of attacker.
The present embodiment, which holds consultation to all super nodes using Byzantine failure tolerance algorithm, reaches common understanding, and makes quantum block chain
It can be reached in super node with certain Byzantine failure tolerance ability when dishonest super node is no more than preset threshold value
It knows together at Byzantium, can complete final block goes out block process.
The same or similar label correspond to the same or similar components；
The terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustration, should not be understood as the limitation to this patent；
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of quantum block chain building method for proving extension based on commission equity, which comprises the following steps:
S1: being often separated by certain time or a certain number of blocks, the whole network node according to the ratio of the block chain equity held into
Row ballot, elects k super node, wherein k < n from the whole network node, and n is the whole network node total number；
S2: preparation and distribution entangled-atoms pair between each node and the k super node elected in the whole network node
Son is right, and establishes quantum-key distribution QKD communication connection, that is, establishes QKD channel；
S3: the node for being intended to publication transaction is generated into security key with corresponding k super node by QKD channel；
S4: the node for being intended to publication transaction is by the security key using the verification algorithm of information theory safety to transaction
Information stamps verifying label, then broadcasts the Transaction Information for stamping verifying label；
S5: after the k super node receives Transaction Information respectively, the received Transaction Information of institute is verified；
S6: the Transaction Information in actual time window is ranked up by the k super node by preset sort criteria respectively,
Generate block；
S7: the k super node is held consultation between any two, the block for approval of knowing together if it exists, as final block, and is led to
It crosses super node to be broadcasted, ordinary node is added into the received block of institute after receiving the final block, then
It repeats this step to all super nodes and completes out block process, the i.e. building of performance sub-block chain；If can not reach common understanding,
Declaration epicycle goes out block failure, and jumps and execute S6 step, if continuous three-wheel goes out block failure, regards as systemic problem, jumps
Execute S1 step and again selecting super node.
2. quantum block chain building method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the information theory in the S4 step
The verification algorithm of safety includes universal hash algorithm, Toeplitz hash algorithm.
3. quantum block chain building method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the S4 step, the transaction
Information includes caller information, recipient's information, timestamp, number of transferring accounts, sender's account with enough balance ticket information.
4. quantum block chain building method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in the S6 step, the transaction
Information is ranked up according to its timestamp.
5. quantum block chain building method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the S7 step, the k super
Grade node uses Byzantine failure tolerance algorithm to hold consultation to reach common understanding between any two.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN111526050A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-11 | 昆明大棒客科技有限公司 | Network deployment system, method, device and storage medium for block chaining-out block nodes |
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| CN113422681A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-21 | 国网电子商务有限公司 | Block chain digital signature method, device and system based on quantum cryptography |
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