CN110474419B - Discharge device of uninterrupted power supply - Google Patents

Discharge device of uninterrupted power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110474419B
CN110474419B CN201910566237.9A CN201910566237A CN110474419B CN 110474419 B CN110474419 B CN 110474419B CN 201910566237 A CN201910566237 A CN 201910566237A CN 110474419 B CN110474419 B CN 110474419B
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connection point
electrically connected
circuit
diode
twenty
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CN110474419A (en
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熊欣
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Wuhan Marine Machinery Plant Co Ltd
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Wuhan Marine Machinery Plant Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a discharging device of an uninterruptible power supply, and belongs to the technical field of power electronics. The discharge device includes: the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for converting the direct current output by the uninterrupted power supply into target direct current; the PWM rectification inverter circuit is used for converting the target direct current into target alternating current and outputting the target alternating current to a power grid; the control unit is used for controlling the current of the target direct current output by the DC/DC conversion circuit to be constant current and controlling the waveform of the alternating current output by the PWM rectification inverter circuit to be target waveform.

Description

Discharge device of uninterrupted power supply
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a discharging device of an uninterruptible power supply.
Background
A UPS (Uninterruptible Power System/Supply) is a System device that connects a battery (mostly a lead-acid maintenance-free battery) to a host and converts direct current into commercial Power through a module circuit such as a host inverter. The reasonable use and maintenance of the UPS to keep the UPS in a good running state are the keys for prolonging the service life of the UPS and improving the reliability of the direct current power supply. The UPS is not used after being stored for a long time, so that the battery is lack of power, and the battery capacity is reduced. Therefore, in order to activate the UPS during its use and maintenance, discharge experiments must be performed periodically.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a discharging device of an uninterruptible power supply, which can enable the uninterruptible power supply to be constant-current and reduce energy consumption. The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a discharging device of an uninterruptible power supply, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a DC/DC conversion circuit, a pulse width modulation PWM rectification inverter circuit and a control unit,
the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for converting the direct current output by the uninterrupted power supply into target direct current;
the PWM rectification inverter circuit is used for converting the target direct current into target alternating current and outputting the target alternating current to a power grid;
the control unit is used for controlling the current of the target direct current output by the DC/DC conversion circuit to be constant current and controlling the waveform of the alternating current output by the PWM rectification inverter circuit to be target waveform.
Optionally, the DC/DC conversion circuit includes: a full-bridge inverter circuit, a transformer, a first capacitor, a full-bridge rectifier circuit, a first resistor, and a second capacitor,
the full-bridge inverter circuit includes first to fourth transistors and first to fourth diodes,
the full-bridge rectification circuit includes fifth to eighth diodes,
an emitting electrode of the first triode is electrically connected with an anode of the first diode and forms a first connection point, a collecting electrode of the first triode is electrically connected with a cathode of the first diode and forms a second connection point, an emitting electrode of the second triode is electrically connected with an anode of the second diode and forms a third connection point, a collecting electrode of the second triode is electrically connected with a cathode of the second diode and forms a fourth connection point, an emitting electrode of the third triode is electrically connected with an anode of the third diode and forms a fifth connection point, a collecting electrode of the third triode is electrically connected with a cathode of the third diode and forms a sixth connection point, an emitting electrode of the fourth triode is electrically connected with an anode of the fourth diode and forms a seventh connection point, and a collecting electrode of the fourth triode is electrically connected with a cathode of the fourth diode and forms an eighth connection point,
the first connection point and the fourth connection point are electrically connected to form a ninth connection point, the third connection point and the fifth connection point are electrically connected to form a tenth connection point, the sixth connection point and the seventh connection point are electrically connected to form an eleventh connection point, and the eighth connection point and the second connection point are electrically connected to form a twelfth connection point,
the ninth connection point is electrically connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the tenth connection point and the twelfth connection point are electrically connected with two ends of the uninterruptible power supply respectively, the eleventh connection point is electrically connected with the first primary end of the transformer, the second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the second primary end of the transformer,
the anode of the fifth diode is electrically connected with the cathode of the sixth diode to form a thirteenth connection point, the anode of the sixth diode is electrically connected with the anode of the seventh diode to form a fourteenth connection point, the cathode of the seventh diode is electrically connected with the anode of the eighth diode to form a fifteenth connection point, the cathode of the eighth diode is electrically connected with the cathode of the fifth diode to form a sixteenth connection point, and the secondary end of the transformer is electrically connected with the thirteenth connection point and the fifteenth connection point respectively,
the first end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the sixteenth connecting point is electrically connected with the second end of the first resistor to form a seventeenth connecting point, and the fourteenth connecting point is electrically connected with the second end of the second capacitor to form an eighteenth connecting point.
Optionally, the PWM rectification inverter circuit includes: fifth to eighth triodes and ninth to twelfth diodes,
the emitter of the fifth triode is electrically connected with the anode of the ninth diode to form a nineteenth connection point, the collector of the fifth triode is electrically connected with the cathode of the ninth diode to form a twentieth connection point, the emitter of the sixth triode is electrically connected with the anode of the twelfth diode to form a twenty-first connection point, the collector of the sixth triode is electrically connected with the cathode of the twelfth diode to form a twenty-second connection point, the emitter of the seventh triode is electrically connected with the anode of the eleventh diode to form a twenty-third connection point, the collector of the seventh triode is electrically connected with the cathode of the eleventh diode to form a twenty-fourth connection point, the emitter of the eighth triode is electrically connected with the anode of the twelfth diode to form a twenty-fifth connection point, and the collector of the eighth triode is electrically connected with the cathode of the twelfth diode to form a twenty-sixth connection point ,
the nineteenth connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-second connection point and forms a twenty-seventh connection point, the twenty-first connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-third connection point and forms a twenty-eighth connection point, the twenty-fourth connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-fifth connection point and forms a twenty-ninth connection point, and the twentieth connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-sixth connection point and forms a thirty-sixth connection point,
the seventeenth connection point is electrically connected with the thirtieth connection point,
the eighteenth connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-eighth connection point,
and the twenty-seventh connecting point and the twenty-ninth connecting point are electrically connected with two ends of the power grid respectively.
Optionally, the control unit comprises: a first current detection circuit, a second current detection circuit, a first comparator, a second comparator, a first proportional integral PI regulator, a second PI regulator, a controller and first to eighth driving circuits,
the first current detection circuit is configured to detect a current between the seventeenth connection point and the eighteenth connection point,
the second current detection circuit is configured to detect a current between the twenty-seventh connection point and the twenty-ninth connection point,
the first comparator is used for comparing the current value detected by the first current detection circuit with a first target current,
the second comparator is used for comparing the current value detected by the second current detection circuit with a second target current,
the first PI regulator is used for carrying out proportional integral operation on the difference value output by the first comparator,
the second PI regulator is used for carrying out proportional integral operation on the difference value output by the second comparator,
the controller is used for respectively controlling the first to fourth driving circuits based on the proportional-integral value output by the first PI regulator, respectively controlling the fifth to eighth driving circuits based on the proportional-integral value output by the second PI regulator,
the first to eighth driving circuits are respectively electrically connected with bases of the first to eighth triodes, and the first to eighth driving circuits are used for outputting driving current or stopping outputting driving current to corresponding bases under the control of the controller.
Optionally, the control unit further comprises: a voltage detection circuit, a third comparator, a third PI regulator and a fourth comparator,
the voltage detection circuit is configured to detect a voltage between the seventeenth connection point and the eighteenth connection point,
the third comparator is used for comparing the voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit with the target voltage,
the third PI regulator is used for carrying out proportional integral operation on the difference value output by the third comparator,
the fourth comparator is used for comparing the proportional integral operation value output by the first PI regulator with the proportional integral operation value output by the third PI regulator,
the controller is configured to control the first to fourth driving circuits based on a difference value output by the fourth comparator, respectively.
Optionally, the discharge device further comprises: a first protection circuit for protecting the first protection circuit,
the first protection circuit comprises a first inductance and a third capacitance,
the twelfth connection point is electrically connected with the first end of the uninterruptible power supply through the first inductor,
a first end of the third capacitor is connected between the twelfth connection point and the first inductor, and a second end of the third capacitor is connected between the tenth connection point and the second end of the uninterruptible power supply.
Optionally, the discharge device further comprises: a first filtering circuit positioned between the uninterruptible power supply and the first protection circuit,
the first filter circuit comprises a second resistor, a first switch, a second inductor and a fourth capacitor,
the second resistor is connected in parallel with the first switch to form a thirty-first connection point, the thirty-first connection point is electrically connected with the first end of the uninterruptible power supply, the thirty-second connection point is electrically connected with the first end of the second inductor, the first end of the first inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the second inductor, the first end of the fourth capacitor is connected between the first inductor and the second inductor, and the second end of the fourth capacitor is connected between the tenth connection point and the second end of the uninterruptible power supply.
Optionally, the discharge device further comprises: a second protection circuit for protecting the first protection circuit,
the second protection circuit comprises a third inductance and a fifth capacitance,
the seventeenth connection point is electrically connected to the thirtieth connection point through the third inductor,
a first end of the fifth capacitor is connected between the seventeenth connection point and the third inductor, and a second end of the fifth capacitor is connected between the eighteenth connection point and the twenty-eighth connection point.
Optionally, the discharge device further comprises: a second filter circuit positioned between the PWM rectification inverter circuit and the power grid,
the second filtering circuit includes an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter, a fourth inductor, and a sixth capacitor,
the twenty-seventh connection point is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth inductor, the twenty-ninth connection point is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth inductor, two input ends of the EMI filter are electrically connected to the second ends of the fourth inductor and the fifth inductor, two output ends of the EMI filter are electrically connected to two ends of the power grid, the first end of the sixth capacitor is connected between the EMI filter and the fourth inductor, and the second end of the sixth capacitor is connected between the EMI filter and the fifth inductor.
Optionally, the second filtering circuit further comprises: a third resistor and a second switch, wherein,
the first output end of the EMI filter is electrically connected with the positive pole of the power grid through the third resistor,
a first terminal of the second switch is connected between the EMI filter and the third resistor, and a second terminal of the second switch is connected between the third resistor and the grid.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the control unit controls the current of the target direct current output by the DC/DC conversion circuit to be constant current, namely the DC/DC conversion circuit converts the direct current output by the uninterruptible power supply into the direct current with constant current, so that the uninterruptible power supply can be in a constant-current discharge state, and the safety of equipment and personnel can be ensured; the waveform of the alternating current output by the PWM rectification inverter circuit is controlled to be a target waveform through the control unit, and the target waveform can be similar to a sine wave, so that the PWM rectification inverter circuit can convert target direct current into the target alternating current which is similar to the sine wave and output the target alternating current to a power grid, energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the current flowing into the power grid is close to the sine wave, and harmonic interference of a discharging device to the power grid is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharging device of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC/DC conversion circuit and a PWM rectification inverter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharging device of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates a discharging apparatus of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the discharge apparatus includes: a DC (Direct Current)/DC conversion circuit 101, a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) rectification inverter circuit 102, and a control unit 103.
The DC/DC conversion circuit 101 is used to convert the DC power output from the uninterruptible power supply into a target DC power.
The PWM rectification inverter circuit 102 is configured to convert the target direct current into a target alternating current and output the target alternating current to the power grid.
The control unit 103 is configured to control a current magnitude of the target direct current output by the DC/DC conversion circuit to be a constant current magnitude, and control a waveform of the alternating current output by the PWM rectification inverter circuit to be a target waveform.
In the embodiment of the invention, the control unit controls the current of the target direct current output by the DC/DC conversion circuit to be constant current, namely the DC/DC conversion circuit converts the direct current output by the uninterruptible power supply into the direct current with constant current, so that the uninterruptible power supply can be in a constant-current discharge state, and the safety of equipment and personnel can be ensured; the waveform of the alternating current output by the PWM rectification inverter circuit is controlled to be a target waveform through the control unit, and the target waveform can be similar to a sine wave, so that the PWM rectification inverter circuit can convert target direct current into the target alternating current which is similar to the sine wave and output the target alternating current to a power grid, energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the current flowing into the power grid is close to the sine wave, and harmonic interference of a discharging device to the power grid is greatly reduced.
For example, the uninterruptible power supply may include 1 or more (greater than or equal to 2) batteries, and the batteries may be connected in series. The output of the battery may be 220 vdc.
In this embodiment, both the DC/DC converter circuit 101 and the PWM rectifying/inverting circuit 102 may be circuits formed using IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) devices. An exemplary structure of the DC/DC conversion circuit 101 and the PWM rectification inverter circuit 102 will be described below with reference to fig. 2.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 2, the DC/DC conversion circuit 101 includes: the circuit comprises a full-bridge inverter circuit, a transformer Tr, a first capacitor C1, a full-bridge rectifier circuit, a first resistor R1 and a second capacitor C2.
The full-bridge inverter circuit includes first transistors T1 to T4 and first diodes D1 to D4,
the full-bridge rectifier circuit includes fifth diodes D5 through D8,
an emitter of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to an anode of the first diode D1 and forms a first connection point, a collector of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to a cathode of the first diode D1 and forms a second connection point, an emitter of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to an anode of the second diode D2 and forms a third connection point, a collector of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to a cathode of the second diode D2 and forms a fourth connection point, an emitter of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to an anode of the third diode D3 and forms a fifth connection point, a collector of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to a cathode of the third diode D3 and forms a sixth connection point, an emitter of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to an anode of the fourth diode D4 and forms a seventh connection point, a collector of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to a cathode of the fourth diode D4 and forms an eighth connection point,
the first connection point is electrically connected with the fourth connection point to form a ninth connection point x1, the third connection point is electrically connected with the fifth connection point to form a tenth connection point x2, the sixth connection point is electrically connected with the seventh connection point to form an eleventh connection point x3, the eighth connection point is electrically connected with the second connection point to form a twelfth connection point x4,
the ninth connection point x1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1, the tenth connection point x2 and the twelfth connection point x4 are electrically connected to both ends of the ups, respectively, the eleventh connection point x3 is electrically connected to the first primary terminal of the transformer Tr, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second primary terminal of the transformer Tr,
an anode of the fifth diode D5 is electrically connected to a cathode of the sixth diode D6 and forms a thirteenth connection point m1, an anode of the sixth diode D6 is electrically connected to an anode of the seventh diode D7 and forms a fourteenth connection point m2, a cathode of the seventh diode D7 is electrically connected to an anode of the eighth diode D8 and forms a fifteenth connection point m3, a cathode of the eighth diode D8 is electrically connected to a cathode of the fifth diode D5 and forms a sixteenth connection point m4, secondary terminals of the transformer Tr are electrically connected to the thirteenth connection point m1 and the fifteenth connection point m3, respectively,
a first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to a first end of the second capacitor C2, a sixteenth connection point m4 is electrically connected to a second end of the first resistor R1 and forms a seventeenth connection point m5, and a fourteenth connection point m2 is electrically connected to a second end of the second capacitor C2 and forms an eighteenth connection point m 6.
The DC/DC conversion circuit 101 adopts a full-bridge phase-shift soft switching technology, so that the switching loss and the switching noise of the circuit are effectively reduced, the electromagnetic interference generated in the switching process of a device is reduced, and the module efficiency is further improved. Specifically, a full-bridge inverter circuit composed of first triodes T1-T4 and anti-parallel first diodes D1-D4 in a switching device firstly inverts a discharge direct current voltage Ed of an uninterruptible power supply into a high-frequency alternating current voltage, after the high-frequency alternating current voltage Ed is isolated by a high-frequency transformer Tr, a full-bridge rectifier circuit composed of fifth diodes D5-D8 in the switching device is converted into a direct current voltage required by a PWM rectification inverter circuit.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 2, the PWM rectification inverter circuit 102 includes: a fifth transistor T5-T8 and a ninth diode D9-D12.
An emitter of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to an anode of the ninth diode D9 and forms a nineteenth connection point, a collector of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to a cathode of the ninth diode D9 and forms a twentieth connection point, an emitter of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to an anode of the twelfth diode D10 and forms a twenty-first connection point, a collector of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to a cathode of the twelfth diode D10 and forms a twenty-second connection point, an emitter of the seventh transistor T7 is electrically connected to an anode of the eleventh diode D11 and forms a twenty-third connection point, a collector of the seventh transistor T7 is electrically connected to a cathode of the eleventh diode D11 and forms a twenty-fourth connection point, an emitter of the eighth transistor T8 is electrically connected to an anode of the twelfth diode D12 and forms a twenty-fifth connection point, a collector of the eighth transistor T8 is electrically connected to a cathode of the twelfth diode D12 and forms a twenty-sixth connection point,
the nineteenth connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-second connection point and forms a twenty-seventh connection point y1, the twenty-first connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-third connection point and forms a twenty-eighth connection point y2, the twenty-fourth connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-fifth connection point and forms a twenty-ninth connection point y3, the twentieth connection point is electrically connected with the twenty-sixth connection point and forms a thirty-sixth connection point y4,
the seventeenth connection point m5 is electrically connected to the thirtieth connection point y4,
the eighteenth connection point m6 is electrically connected to the twenty-eighth connection point y2,
the twenty-seventh connection point y1 and the twenty-ninth connection point y3 are electrically connected to both ends of the power grid, respectively.
The single-phase PWM rectification inverter circuit 102 is composed of a fifth triode T5-T8 and an anti-parallel ninth diode D9-D12 in the switching device, and is used for sending energy released by the uninterruptible power supply back to a power grid.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 3, the control unit 103 includes: a first current detection circuit 21, a second current detection circuit 22, a first comparator 23, a second comparator 24, a first proportional integral PI regulator 25, a second PI regulator 26, a controller 27, and first to eighth drive circuits 28a to 28 h.
The first current detection circuit 21 is configured to detect a current between the seventeenth connection point m5 and the eighteenth connection point m 6.
The second current detection circuit 22 is configured to detect a current between the twenty-seventh connection point y1 and the twenty-ninth connection point y 3.
The first comparator 23 is configured to compare the current value detected by the first current detection circuit with the first target current.
The second comparator 24 is used for comparing the current value detected by the second current detection circuit with the second target current.
The first PI regulator 25 is configured to perform a proportional integral operation on the difference output by the first comparator.
The second PI regulator 26 is configured to perform a proportional integral operation on the difference output by the second comparator.
The controller 27 is configured to control the first to fourth driving circuits based on the proportional-integral value output from the first PI regulator, and control the fifth to eighth driving circuits based on the proportional-integral value output from the second PI regulator.
The first to eighth driving circuits 28a to 28h are electrically connected to bases of T1 to T8, respectively, and the first to eighth driving circuits 28a to 28h are configured to output a driving current to the corresponding bases or stop outputting the driving current under the control of the controller.
The DC/DC conversion circuit 101 is used to convert the ups voltage into the voltage required by the PWM rectification inverter circuit 102 while discharging the ups at a constant current under the control of the control unit 103. The constant current discharge control of the uninterrupted power supply is completed by controlling the connection and disconnection between the first to fourth driving circuits 28a to 28d and the base electrodes of the first triodes T1 to T4.
Meanwhile, the PWM rectification inverter circuit 102 functions to output an ac power of an approximate sine wave to the grid under the control of the control unit 103. The waveform of the current flowing into the power grid is approximate to a sine wave by controlling the connection and disconnection between the fifth to eighth driving circuits 28e to 28h and the bases of the fifth triodes T5 to T8.
Referring to fig. 3, after the discharging given current IDG is compared with the actual discharging current ID (output current of the DC/DC conversion circuit), the error signal is sent to the controller through the first PI regulator, the controller generates the PWM signal, and the PWM signal is sent to the first to fourth driving circuits to control the switching devices T1 to T4 in the DC/DC conversion circuit, so that the actual discharging current can track the given current, thereby achieving the purpose of constant current discharging. Specifically, when IDG is smaller than ID, the on time of T1 to T4 is reduced by the first to fourth driving circuits; on the contrary, when IDG is greater than ID, the turn-on time of T1 to T4 is increased by the first to fourth driving circuits.
After the given sine wave current is compared with the actual current flowing into the power grid, an error signal of the given sine wave current is sent to the controller through the second PI regulator to generate a PWM signal, and then the error signal is controlled by the fifth driving circuit to the eighth driving circuit to control the switching devices T5 to T8 in the rectification inverter circuit, so that the waveform of the current flowing into the power grid approaches to the sine wave. Since the sine-wave current varies within a period, based on this, the magnitude of the second target current fed to the second comparator 24 varies with the detection period of the second current detection circuit 22, and the variation corresponds to the variation in the sine-wave current value. In this way, the waveform of the actual current flowing into the power grid is made to approximate a sine wave. The control principle is the same as that of constant current discharge.
When the PWM rectification inverter circuit 102 fails and cannot return energy to the grid, if the DC/DC converter circuit 101 is still in the constant current discharge operating state, the voltage on the DC side will rise. In order to prevent the generation of overvoltage, a direct-current voltage limiting control loop is introduced. Exemplarily, referring to fig. 3, the control unit further includes: a voltage detection circuit 29, a third comparator 30, a third PI regulator 31, and a fourth comparator 32.
The voltage detection circuit 29 detects a voltage between the seventeenth connection point m5 and the eighteenth connection point m 6.
The third comparator 30 is used for comparing the voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit with the target voltage.
The third PI regulator 31 is configured to perform a proportional-integral operation on the difference output by the third comparator.
The fourth comparator 32 is configured to compare the proportional-integral operation value output by the first PI regulator with the proportional-integral operation value output by the third PI regulator.
The controller 27 is configured to control the first to fourth driving circuits 28a to 28d, respectively, based on the difference value output from the fourth comparator.
The voltage detection circuit 29, the third comparator 30, the third PI regulator 31, and the fourth comparator 32 form a dc voltage limiting control loop. When the DC side voltage is higher than the set value, the DC/DC conversion circuit 101 immediately switches from the constant current control to the constant voltage control, and at this time, an error signal obtained by comparing the DC output voltage set signal UDG with the actual DC voltage UD (the output voltage of the DC/DC conversion circuit 101) is sent to the controller 27 through the third PI regulator 31, and the controller 27 generates a PWM signal, which is then sent to the first to fourth driving circuits 28a to 28d to control the first triodes T1 to T4 in the DC/DC conversion circuit 181, thereby achieving the purpose of the constant voltage control. Specifically, the voltage limiting control principle is similar to that of the constant current discharge, and when UDG is smaller than UD, the on time of T1 to T4 is reduced by the first to fourth driving circuits; on the contrary, when UDG is greater than UD, the on-time of T1 to T4 is increased by the first to fourth driving circuits.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 2, the discharge device further includes: a first protection circuit. The first protection circuit includes a first inductor L1 and a third capacitor C3.
The twelfth connection point x4 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the ups through the first inductor L1,
a first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected between the twelfth connection point x4 and the first inductor L1, and a second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected between the tenth connection point x2 and the second terminal of the ups.
The third capacitor C3 is a high-frequency non-inductive capacitor, and is used for absorbing voltage spikes on the DC bus, so as to protect the switching devices of the DC/DC converter circuit 101.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 2, the discharge device further includes: the first filter circuit is positioned between the uninterruptible power supply and the first protection circuit. The first filter circuit comprises a second resistor R2, a first switch J1, a second inductor L2 and a fourth capacitor C4.
The second resistor R2 is connected in parallel with the first switch J1 to form a thirty-first connection point, the thirty-first connection point is electrically connected to the first end of the ups, the thirty-second connection point is electrically connected to the first end of the second inductor L2, the first end of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second inductor L2, the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, and the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected between the tenth connection point x2 and the second end of the ups.
The second resistor R2 and the first switch J1 jointly form a starting current limiting circuit, and the starting current limiting circuit is used for suppressing the closing surge current of the direct current input so as to protect the filtering fourth capacitor C4.
The second inductor L2 and the fourth capacitor C4 constitute a filter for filtering out high frequency switching noise generated by the DC/DC converter circuit 101.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 2, the discharge device further includes: a second protection circuit. The second protection circuit includes a third inductor L3 and a fifth capacitor C5.
The seventeenth connection point m5 is electrically connected to the thirtieth connection point y4 through the third inductor L3,
a first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected between the seventeenth connection point m5 and the third inductor L3, and a second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected between the eighteenth connection point m6 and the twenty-eighth connection point y 2.
The fifth capacitor C5 is a high-frequency non-inductive capacitor, and is used for absorbing voltage spikes on the dc bus, and playing a role in protecting the switching devices in the PWM rectification inverter circuit 102.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 2, the discharge device further includes: and the second filter circuit is positioned between the PWM rectification inverter circuit and the power grid. The second filter circuit includes an EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) filter, fourth inductors L4 and L5, and a sixth capacitor C6.
The twenty-seventh connection point y1 is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth inductor L4, the twenty-ninth connection point y3 is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth inductor L5, two input ends of the EMI filter are electrically connected to the second ends of the fourth inductor L4 and the L5, two output ends of the EMI filter are electrically connected to two ends of the power grid, the first end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected between the EMI filter and the fourth inductor L4, and the second end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected between the EMI filter and the fifth inductor L5.
The second filter circuit is used for filtering high-frequency switching noise generated by the PWM rectifier circuit 102.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 2, the second filtering circuit further includes: a third resistor R3 and a second switch J2. The first output end of the EMI filter is electrically connected with the anode of the power grid through a third resistor R3, the first end of a second switch J2 is connected between the EMI filter and the third resistor R3, and the second end of a second switch J2 is connected between the third resistor R3 and the power grid.
The third resistor R3 and the second switch J2 are used for suppressing the closing surge current of the alternating current output.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 4, the discharge device further includes a single chip microcomputer 104, the single chip microcomputer 104 is electrically connected to the control unit 103 and an upper computer (not shown), and the single chip microcomputer 104 is configured to receive a control instruction of the upper computer and control the control unit 103 based on the control instruction.
Specifically, the single chip microcomputer 104 is electrically connected to the controller 27. For example, the one-chip microcomputer 104 may input a value of the target current magnitude and a value of the target waveform to the control unit 103.
When the UPS is in a constant current discharge state, the output voltage Ed of the UPS can be measured, so that the discharge capacity of the UPS can be calculated. Based on this, the control unit 103 is further configured to measure the output voltage Ed of the uninterruptible power supply. Correspondingly, the single chip microcomputer 104 is further configured to periodically record the voltage Ed measured by the primary control unit 103, so as to realize automatic monitoring of the discharge capacity of the uninterruptible power supply. For example, the single-chip microcomputer 104 may record every 5 minutes.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 4, the discharge device further includes a display screen 105. The single chip microcomputer 104 is further configured to receive the parameters output by the control unit 103 and perform analog-to-digital conversion, where the parameters at least include an output voltage Ed of the uninterruptible power supply.
The display screen 104 is used for displaying the parameters after the analog-to-digital conversion of the singlechip.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (6)

1. A discharge apparatus of an uninterruptible power supply, the discharge apparatus comprising: a DC/DC conversion circuit, a pulse width modulation PWM rectification inverter circuit and a control unit,
the DC/DC conversion circuit is configured to convert a direct current output from an uninterruptible power supply into a target direct current, and includes: a full-bridge inverter circuit including first to fourth transistors (T1 to T4) and first to fourth diodes (D1 to D4), a transformer (Tr), a first capacitor (C1), a full-bridge rectifier circuit including fifth to eighth diodes (D8), an emitter of the first transistor (T1) electrically connected to an anode of the first diode (D1) and forming a first connection point, a collector of the first transistor (T1) electrically connected to a cathode of the first diode (D1) and forming a second connection point, an emitter of the second transistor (T2) electrically connected to an anode of the second diode (D2) and forming a third connection point, and a second capacitor (C2), an emitter of the third transistor (T3) is electrically connected to an anode of the third diode (D3) to form a fifth connection point, a collector of the third transistor (T3) is electrically connected to a cathode of the third diode (D3) to form a sixth connection point, an emitter of the fourth transistor (T4) is electrically connected to an anode of the fourth diode (D4) to form a seventh connection point, a collector of the fourth transistor (T4) is electrically connected to a cathode of the fourth diode (D4) to form an eighth connection point, the first connection point is electrically connected to the fourth connection point to form a ninth connection point (x 1), the third connection point is electrically connected to the fifth connection point to form a tenth connection point (x 2), the sixth connection point is electrically connected to the seventh connection point to form an eleventh connection point (x 3), and the eighth connection point is electrically connected to the second connection point to form a twelfth connection point (x 4), the ninth connection point (x 1) is electrically connected to a first end of the first capacitor (C1), the tenth connection point (x 2) and the twelfth connection point (x 4) are electrically connected to two ends of the uninterruptible power supply, respectively, the eleventh connection point (x 3) is electrically connected to the first primary end of the transformer (Tr), the second end of the first capacitor (C1) is electrically connected to the second primary end of the transformer (Tr), an anode of the fifth diode (D5) is electrically connected to a cathode of the sixth diode (D6) and forms a thirteenth connection point (m 1), an anode of the sixth diode (D6) is electrically connected to an anode of the seventh diode (D7) and forms a fourteenth connection point (m 2), a cathode of the seventh diode (D7) is electrically connected to an anode of the eighth diode (D8) and forms a fifteenth connection point (m 3), a cathode of the eighth diode (D8) is electrically connected to a cathode of the fifth diode (D5) to form a sixteenth connection point (m 4), secondary ends of the transformer (Tr) are electrically connected to the thirteenth connection point (m 1) and the fifteenth connection point (m 3), respectively, a first end of the first resistor (R1) is electrically connected to a first end of the second capacitor (C2), a sixteenth connection point (m 4) is electrically connected to a second end of the first resistor (R1) to form a seventeenth connection point (m 5), and a fourteenth connection point (m 2) is electrically connected to a second end of the second capacitor (C2) to form an eighteenth connection point (m 6);
the PWM rectification inverter circuit is configured to convert the target dc power into a target ac power and output the target ac power to a power grid, and the PWM rectification inverter circuit includes: a fifth transistor (T5) to an eighth transistor (T8), and a ninth diode (D9) to a twelfth diode (D12), an emitter of the fifth transistor (T5) being electrically connected to an anode of the ninth diode (D9) and forming a nineteenth connection point, a collector of the fifth transistor (T5) being electrically connected to a cathode of the ninth diode (D9) and forming a twentieth connection point, an emitter of the sixth transistor (T6) being electrically connected to an anode of the twelfth diode (D10) and forming a twenty-first connection point, a collector of the sixth transistor (T6) being electrically connected to a cathode of the twelfth diode (D10) and forming a twenty-second connection point, an emitter of the seventh transistor (T7) being electrically connected to an anode of the eleventh diode (D11) and forming a twenty-third connection point, a collector of the seventh transistor (T7) being electrically connected to a cathode of the eleventh diode (D11) and forming a twenty-fourth connection point An emitter of the eighth transistor (T8) is electrically connected to an anode of the twelfth diode (D12) and forms a twenty-fifth connection point, a collector of the eighth transistor (T8) is electrically connected to a cathode of the twelfth diode (D12) and forms a twenty-sixth connection point, the nineteenth connection point is electrically connected to the twenty-second connection point and forms a twenty-seventh connection point (y 1), the twenty-first connection point is electrically connected to the twenty-third connection point and forms a twenty-eighth connection point (y 2), the twenty-fourth connection point is electrically connected to the twenty-fifth connection point and forms a twenty-ninth connection point (y 3), the twentieth connection point is electrically connected to the twenty-sixth connection point and forms a thirty connection point (y 4), the seventeenth connection point (m 5) is electrically connected to the thirty connection point (y 4), the eighteenth connection point (m 6) is electrically connected to the twenty-eighth connection point (y 2), the twenty-seventh connection point (y 1) and the twenty-ninth connection point (y 3) are electrically connected with two ends of the power grid respectively;
the control unit is configured to control a current magnitude of a target direct current output by the DC/DC conversion circuit to be a constant current magnitude and control a waveform of an alternating current output by the PWM rectification inverter circuit to be a target waveform, and the control unit includes: a first current detection circuit for detecting a current between the seventeenth connection point (m 5) and the eighteenth connection point (m 6), a second current detection circuit for detecting a current between the twenty-seventh connection point (y 1) and the twenty-ninth connection point (y 3), a first comparator for comparing a current value detected by the first current detection circuit with a first target current level, a second comparator for comparing a current value detected by the second current detection circuit with a second target current level, a first PI regulator for performing proportional integral operation on a difference value output by the first comparator, the second PI regulator is used for carrying out proportional integral operation on the difference value output by the second comparator, the controller is used for respectively controlling the first to fourth driving circuits based on the proportional integral operation value output by the first PI regulator, respectively controlling the fifth to eighth driving circuits based on the proportional integral operation value output by the second PI regulator, the first to eighth driving circuits are respectively and electrically connected with the bases of the first triode (T1) to the eighth triode (T8), the first to eighth driving circuits are used for outputting driving current to the corresponding base or stopping outputting the driving current under the control of the controller,
the controller completes constant current discharge of the uninterruptible power supply by controlling the connection and disconnection between the first driving circuit, the second driving circuit, the third driving circuit and the fourth driving circuit and the base electrodes of the first triode, the second triode and the third triode respectively, and the constant current discharge process comprises the following steps:
if the actual discharge circuit detected by the first current detection circuit is larger than the given discharge current, the controller reduces the conduction time of the base electrodes of the first triode to the fourth triode through the first driving circuit to the fourth driving circuit; if the actual discharge circuit detected by the first current detection circuit is smaller than the given discharge current, the controller increases the conducting time of the base electrodes of the first to fourth triodes through the first to fourth driving circuits,
the controller enables the waveform of the current flowing into the power grid to approximate a sine wave by controlling the communication and the cut-off between the fifth driving circuit, the eighth driving circuit and the base electrodes of the fifth triode, the eighth triode and the base electrodes of the fifth triode and the eighth triode respectively, and the control process comprises the following steps:
if the actual discharge circuit detected by the second current detection circuit is larger than the given discharge current, the controller reduces the conduction time of the base electrodes of the fifth to eighth triodes through the fifth to eighth driving circuits; if the actual discharge circuit detected by the second current detection circuit is smaller than the given discharge current, the controller increases the conduction time of the base electrodes of the fifth to eighth triodes through the fifth to eighth driving circuits,
the control unit further includes: a voltage detection circuit for detecting a voltage between the seventeenth connection point (m 5) and the eighteenth connection point (m 6), a third comparator for comparing a voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit with a target voltage, a third PI regulator for performing a proportional-integral operation on a difference value output by the third comparator, a fourth comparator for comparing a proportional-integral operation value output by the first PI regulator with a proportional-integral operation value output by the third PI regulator, and a fourth comparator for controlling the first to fourth driving circuits, respectively, based on a difference value output by the fourth comparator, wherein the control process includes:
if the actual direct current voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit is greater than the given direct current output voltage signal, the controller reduces the conduction time of the base electrodes of the first triode to the fourth triode through the first driving circuit to the fourth driving circuit; if the actual direct current voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit is smaller than the direct current output voltage given signal, the controller increases the conducting time of the base electrodes of the first triode to the fourth triode through the first driving circuit to the fourth driving circuit.
2. The discharge device according to claim 1, further comprising: a first protection circuit for protecting the first protection circuit,
the first protection circuit comprises a first inductor (L1) and a third capacitor (C3),
the twelfth connection point (x 4) is electrically connected with the first terminal of the uninterruptible power supply through the first inductor (L1),
a first terminal of the third capacitor (C3) is connected between the twelfth connection point (x 4) and the first inductor (L1), and a second terminal of the third capacitor (C3) is connected between the tenth connection point (x 2) and a second terminal of the uninterruptible power supply.
3. The discharge device according to claim 2, further comprising: a first filtering circuit positioned between the uninterruptible power supply and the first protection circuit,
the first filter circuit comprises a second resistor (R2), a first switch (J1), a second inductor (L2) and a fourth capacitor (C4),
the second resistor (R2) is connected in parallel with the first switch (J1) and forms a thirty-first connection point and a thirty-second connection point, the thirty-first connection point is electrically connected with the first end of the uninterruptible power supply, the thirty-second connection point is electrically connected with the first end of the second inductor (L2), the first end of the first inductor (L1) is electrically connected with the second end of the second inductor (L2), the first end of the fourth capacitor (C4) is connected between the first inductor (L1) and the second inductor (L2), and the second end of the fourth capacitor (C4) is connected between the tenth connection point (x 2) and the second end of the uninterruptible power supply.
4. The discharge device according to claim 1, further comprising: a second protection circuit for protecting the first protection circuit,
the second protection circuit comprises a third inductor (L3) and a fifth capacitor (C5),
the seventeenth connection point (m 5) is electrically connected with the thirtieth connection point (y 4) through the third inductor (L3),
a first terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected between the seventeenth connection point (m 5) and the third inductor (L3), and a second terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected between the eighteenth connection point (m 6) and the twenty-eighth connection point (y 2).
5. The discharge device according to claim 1, further comprising: a second filter circuit positioned between the PWM rectification inverter circuit and the power grid,
the second filtering circuit includes an electromagnetic interference EMI filter, fourth (L4) and fifth (L5) inductors, and a sixth capacitor (C6),
the twenty-seventh connection point (y 1) is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth inductor (L4), the twenty-ninth connection point (y 3) is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth inductor (L5), two input terminals of the EMI filter are electrically connected to the second ends of the fourth inductor (L4) and the fifth inductor (L5), respectively, two output terminals of the EMI filter are electrically connected to two ends of the power grid, respectively, a first end of the sixth capacitor (C6) is connected between the EMI filter and the fourth inductor (L4), and a second end of the sixth capacitor (C6) is connected between the EMI filter and the fifth inductor (L5).
6. The discharge device according to claim 5, wherein the second filter circuit further comprises: a third resistor (R3) and a second switch (J2),
the first output terminal of the EMI filter is electrically connected with the positive pole of the power grid through the third resistor (R3),
a first terminal of the second switch (J2) is connected between the EMI filter and the third resistor (R3), and a second terminal of the second switch (J2) is connected between the third resistor (R3) and the grid.
CN201910566237.9A 2019-06-27 2019-06-27 Discharge device of uninterrupted power supply Active CN110474419B (en)

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