CN110474298A - A kind of detection of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery and protection circuit - Google Patents
A kind of detection of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery and protection circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110474298A CN110474298A CN201910637133.2A CN201910637133A CN110474298A CN 110474298 A CN110474298 A CN 110474298A CN 201910637133 A CN201910637133 A CN 201910637133A CN 110474298 A CN110474298 A CN 110474298A
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- comparator
- resistance
- circuit
- voltage
- storage battery
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/006—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of too high or too low voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery and protection circuits; including storage battery input terminal, protection circuit, high pressure LDO circuit, first comparator, the second comparator and switching circuit; the anode of storage battery input terminal connection vehicular power-bottle; output end is protected the input terminal of circuit connection high pressure LDO circuit, and high pressure LDO circuit exports 5V voltage to the first, second comparator;First comparator sets threshold voltage, identifies the voltage of vehicular power-bottle and exports corresponding negative input of the high/low level to the second comparator, the output end connection switch circuit of the second comparator;If vehicular power-bottle voltage value is lower than voltage preset value, the second comparator exports high level, and the enable end of switching circuit is dragged down by triode, power remove.The present invention is realized in vehicular power-bottle monitoring and is protected by hardware, be able to achieve the effective protection of different voltages vehicular power-bottle, power consumption is low, and storage battery is effectively prevent to feed problem on the basis of not increasing singlechip chip.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive field, a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection and protection circuit are particularly related to.
Background technique
With the release of increasing purchase demand and the consumption of resident of purchasing on a barter basis caused by domestic automobile year volume of production and marketing and ownership rapid growth
Capability improving, it is contemplated that future automobile consumption scaling trend will continue, and consumer controls vehicle safety and interactive experience demand
There is further expansion.It is expected that the electronic equipment cost on automobile will account for entire auto cost in following 10 years
30% or more.Mobile unit type is also more and more, automobile data recorder, GPS navigation, trailer-mounted radar, WIFI, bluetooth, 4G etc.,
Vehicle electronic device does not have independent battery power supply generally, but directly uses automobile storage battery as power supply.
It when automobile engine is opened, can charge to storage battery, when an engine is stopped, storage battery does not charge, and keeps
The power supply to vehicle electronic device.If this when of mobile unit supply current remains unchanged when bigger or engine stop
Between long, automobile storage battery continuous discharge, discharge without cut-off, will result in feed, to cause ACC loss of ignition.
Intelligent vehicle-carried electronic equipment common at present is all only set using ACC OFF suspend mode low-power consumption for automobile storage battery
Meter, does not do under-voltage protection or fool proof, prevents storage battery caused by vehicle electronic device suspend mode exception from feeding.Do low pressure
Either price is partially expensive or can not be compatible with different battery voltage (12V&24V) vehicles for the equipment of protection.
Existing technology needs additionally to increase a single-chip microcontroller to increase the use space of product PCB to control at present
And hardware cost, while increasing the workload of burn recording software;And to different automobile types, the under-voltage protection demand of different clients
Different, single-chip microcontroller needs additionally to increase different burning programs;And the consumption stream of single-chip microcontroller work is higher, can there is consumption storage battery
Electricity risk.In addition current design mostly can only be vehicle-mounted for a kind of voltage, can not accomplish 12V&24V vehicle while compatibility.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes that a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detects and protect circuit, and automobile storage battery voltage can be monitored in real time, and
Break equipment input power completely in preset low-voltage, thus prevent storage battery from feeding, starting protection effect.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of detection of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery and protection circuit, including storage battery input terminal, protection circuit, high pressure LDO circuit, the
One comparator, the second comparator and switching circuit, the anode of the storage battery input terminal connection vehicular power-bottle, output end is through protection electricity
Road connects the input terminal of high pressure LDO circuit, and the high pressure LDO circuit exports 5V voltage to first comparator and the second comparator;
The first comparator sets threshold voltage, and output end connection 12V access and 24V access, 12V access and 24V access wrap
Include switching tube and connect with switching tube to ground resistance, the resistance over the ground of 12V access is higher than hindering ground resistance for 24V access
Value;12V access connects the negative input of the second comparator with 24V path output, and the output end connection of the second comparator is opened
Powered-down road;If the cathode voltage of vehicular power-bottle is lower than threshold voltage, the first comparator exports high level, and 12V access is connected,
The shutdown of 24V access, if being higher than threshold voltage, first comparator exports low level, the shutdown of 12V access, the conducting of 24V access;If
Vehicular power-bottle voltage value is lower than voltage preset value, and the second comparator exports high level, and the enable end of switching circuit is drawn by triode
It is low, power remove.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, second comparator increases hysteresis circuit, and hysteresis circuit includes electricity
R14, R15, R16 are hindered, the one end resistance R14 is connect with the output end of the second comparator, and the other end is connect with resistance R15, resistance R15
The electrode input end of the second comparator of another termination, resistance R16 are connect with the electrode input end of the second comparator and reference pin.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the output end of second comparator is equipped with RC delay circuit, and RC prolongs
When circuit include resistance R13, capacitor C11 and C12, the output end of resistance R13 the second comparator of connection, other end connection is in parallel
Capacitor C11 and C12, capacitor C11 and C12 other end ground connection.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the negative input voltage of the first comparator is by vehicular power-bottle electricity
Pressure is obtained through electric resistance partial pressure, including sequentially connected resistance R2, R3, R4, and the input terminal of the resistance R2 is vehicular power-bottle voltage,
Resistance R4 ground connection, resistance R2 connect the negative input of first comparator with the common end of R3.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 12V access includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is through resistance
R23 connects the output end of first comparator, and drain electrode connects to ground resistance R25;24V access includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the grid warp of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2
Amplifier tube connects the output end resistance R23 of first comparator with bleeder circuit, and drain electrode connects to ground resistance R26.
It further include BUCK circuit as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the BUCK circuit connection protection circuit
Output end protects the output end of circuit to connect the negative input of the second comparator through resistance R1.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switching circuit includes triode Q4, and the basis set of triode Q4 connects
The output end of the second comparator, emitter ground connection are connect, collector connects BUCK circuit enable end, also connects high pressure LDO electricity through resistance R10
Road output end.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the voltage preset value is arranged by resistance R1, R25, the second comparator
The voltage of negative input, by modifying the value of R1, R25, R26, reaches preset low by obtaining after vehicular power-bottle electric resistance partial pressure
Pressure protection threshold value.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: on the basis of not increasing singlechip chip, realized by hardware merely
Vehicular power-bottle monitoring and protection, different automobile types battery voltage is compatible with without burning different software;It only needs through change resistance
It can be achieved with the effective protection of different voltages vehicular power-bottle, and the consumption stream ratio of this scheme is much lower using single-chip microcontroller scheme, it can be with
It effectively prevent sending a telegraph bottle feed problem because of this height of circuit consumption conductance when storage battery low battery.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without any creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection of the present invention and protection circuit one embodiment.
In figure, 1- storage battery input terminal;2- protects circuit;3- high pressure LDO circuit;4- first comparator;The second comparator of 5-;
6- switching circuit;7-BUCK circuit.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention proposes a kind of detection of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery and protection circuit 2, including storage battery input terminal
1, circuit 2, high pressure LDO circuit 3, first comparator 4, the second comparator 5 and switching circuit 6 are protected, the storage battery input terminal 1 connects
The anode of vehicular power-bottle is connect, output end connects the input terminal of high pressure LDO circuit 3 through protection circuit 2, and the high pressure LDO circuit 3 is defeated
5V voltage is to first comparator 4 and the second comparator 5 out;The first comparator 4 sets threshold voltage, output end connection
12V access and 24V access, 12V access and 24V access include switching tube and connect with switching tube to ground resistance, 12V access
Resistance over the ground be higher than 24V access resistance over the ground;12V access connects the second comparator 5 with 24V path output
Negative input, the output end connection switch circuit 6 of the second comparator 5;If the cathode voltage of vehicular power-bottle is lower than thresholding electricity
It presses (18V), 4 negative terminal voltages of first comparator < anode voltage, the first comparator 4 exports high level, and 12V access is connected,
The shutdown of 24V access, if being higher than threshold voltage, 4 negative terminal voltages of first comparator > anode voltage, then first comparator 4 exports low electricity
It is flat, the shutdown of 12V access, the conducting of 24V access;If vehicular power-bottle voltage value is lower than voltage preset value, the second comparator 5 exports high electricity
Flat, the enable end of switching circuit 6 is dragged down by triode, power remove.
Protecting circuit 2 includes surge protection and reverse-connection preventing circuit, is mainly used for protecting circuit.
Second comparator 5 increases hysteresis circuit, and hysteresis circuit includes resistance R14, R15, R16, the one end resistance R14 with
The output end of second comparator 5 connects, and the other end is connect with resistance R15, the anode of resistance R15 the second comparator 5 of another termination
Input terminal, resistance R16 are connect with the electrode input end of the second comparator 5 and reference pin.It effectively prevent being in when battery voltage
When low-voltage variation critical point, comparator exports unstable (toggling problem) problem, circuit immunity to interference is increased, thus effectively
Protection power source access is not damaged.
The output end of second comparator 5 be equipped with RC delay circuit, RC delay circuit include resistance R13, capacitor C11 and
C12, the output end of the second comparator of resistance R13 connection 5, the capacitor C11 and C12 of other end connection parallel connection, capacitor C11 and C12
Other end ground connection.Second comparator, 5 output end increases RC delay circuit, when the operations such as automotive ignition or brake starting may cause
When the larger shake of automobile storage battery moment, comparator output level caused by being filtered out by RC delay circuit because of battery voltage shake
It is unstable equal abnormal, to realize the steady operation of rear end power module.
The negative input voltage of the first comparator 4 is obtained by vehicular power-bottle voltage through electric resistance partial pressure, including successively
Resistance R2, R3, R4 of connection, the input terminal of the resistance R2 are vehicular power-bottle voltage, resistance R4 ground connection, the public affairs of resistance R2 and R3
The negative input of end connection first comparator 4 altogether.
The 12V access includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects the output end of first comparator 4 through resistance R23, leakage
Pole connects to ground resistance R25;24V access includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects the first ratio through amplifier tube with bleeder circuit
Compared with the output end resistance R23 of device 4, drain electrode is connect to ground resistance R26.
The invention also includes BUCK circuit 7, the output end of the connection of the BUCK circuit 7 protection circuit 2, protection circuit 2
Output end connects the negative input of the second comparator 5 through resistance R1.
The switching circuit 6 includes triode Q4, and the basis set of triode Q4 connects the output end of the second comparator 5, transmitting
Pole ground connection, collector connect 7 enable end of BUCK circuit, also connect 3 output end of high pressure LDO circuit through resistance R10.
The voltage preset value is arranged by resistance R1, R25, and the voltage of 5 negative input of the second comparator is by vehicular power-bottle
It is obtained after electric resistance partial pressure, by modifying the value of R1, R25, R26, reaches preset low-voltage variation threshold value.
12V system, such as automobile storage battery are dropped into threshold values 10.5V (can be arranged by resistance R1, R25), U2 output
It for high level, charges through R13 to C11, C12, when triode Q4 ground level reaches 0.6V or more after 3S, Q4 saturation, DC/DC enables foot
It drags down, the output shutdown of switching circuit 6, to play the role of protecting automobile storage battery.
24V system, such as automobile storage battery are dropped into threshold values 22V (can be arranged by resistance R1, R25), U2 output is
High level charges through R13 to C11, C12, and when triode Q4 ground level reaches 0.6V or more after 3S, Q4 saturation, DC/DC enables foot and draws
It is low, the output shutdown of switching circuit 6, to play the role of protecting automobile storage battery.
When automobile storage battery is in low-voltage variation threshold values or less, normal U2 output height and RC (R13C11
C12) triode Q4 is saturated after charging 3S, the output shutdown of switching circuit 6.If before Q4 saturation,
Voltage has been returned to threshold values or more, and U2 output moment becomes low again, and Q4 will not be saturated, and switching circuit 6 works normally
Output does not turn off, and can play the role of good stabilization.
BUCK chip: MPS9457, main function are that battery voltage is switched to stable 5V, are powered to external equipment.
High pressure LDO chip: WL2851E50-5/TR, main function are that battery voltage is switched to stable 5V to supply to comparator
Electricity.
First/second comparator: SGM8706YN6G/TR, main function 1. select conducting resistance.Pass through detection input electricity
Pressure decision circuit works in 12V storage battery system or 24V system, and selects corresponding conducting resistance, assists to realize 12&24V storage battery
The low-voltage variation function of system.2. low pressure detects, high level can be exported when detecting input voltage lower than preset threshold values, is driven
Dynamic triode realizes low-voltage variation function so that dragging down DC/DC enables foot.
MOSFET (N-channel): corresponding resistance is connected.
Triode (NPN): it is switched on or off DC/DC enable pin.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: including storage battery input terminal, protection circuit, high pressure
LDO circuit, first comparator, the second comparator and switching circuit, the anode of the storage battery input terminal connection vehicular power-bottle, output
The input terminal of circuit connection high pressure LDO circuit is protected at end, and the high pressure LDO circuit exports 5V voltage to first comparator and the
Two comparators;The first comparator sets threshold voltage, and output end connects 12V access and 24V access, 12V access and 24V
Access include switching tube and connect with switching tube to ground resistance, the resistance over the ground of 12V access is higher than pair of 24V access
Ground resistance resistance value;12V access connects the negative input of the second comparator, the output of the second comparator with 24V path output
Hold connection switch circuit;If the cathode voltage of vehicular power-bottle is lower than threshold voltage, the first comparator exports high level, 12V
Access conducting, the shutdown of 24V access, if being higher than threshold voltage, first comparator exports low level, and 12V access turns off, and 24V is logical
Road conducting;If vehicular power-bottle voltage value is lower than voltage preset value, the second comparator exports high level, the enable end quilt of switching circuit
Triode drags down, power remove.
2. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection according to claim 1 and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: second ratio
Increase hysteresis circuit compared with device, hysteresis circuit includes resistance R14, R15, R16, the output end of the one end resistance R14 and the second comparator
Connection, the other end are connect with resistance R15, the electrode input end of resistance R15 the second comparator of another termination, resistance R16 and second
The electrode input end of comparator is connected with reference pin.
3. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection according to claim 1 and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: second ratio
Output end compared with device is equipped with RC delay circuit, and RC delay circuit includes resistance R13, capacitor C11 and C12, resistance R13 connection second
The output end of comparator, the other end connection capacitor C11 and C12 in parallel, capacitor C11 and C12 other end ground connection.
4. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection according to claim 1 and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: first ratio
Negative input voltage compared with device is obtained by vehicular power-bottle voltage through electric resistance partial pressure, including sequentially connected resistance R2, R3, R4,
The input terminal of the resistance R2 is vehicular power-bottle voltage, and resistance R4 is grounded, and resistance R2 connects first comparator with the common end of R3
Negative input.
5. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection according to claim 1 or 4 and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: the 12V
Access includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 connects the output end of first comparator through resistance R23, and drain electrode connects to ground resistance R25;
24V access includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 connects the output end resistance of first comparator through amplifier tube with bleeder circuit
R23, drain electrode connect to ground resistance R26.
6. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection according to claim 5 and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: further include BUCK
Circuit, the output end of the BUCK circuit connection protection circuit, protects the output end of circuit to connect the second comparator through resistance R1
Negative input.
7. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection according to claim 6 and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: the switch electricity
Road includes triode Q4, and the basis set of triode Q4 connects the output end of the second comparator, emitter ground connection, and collector connects BUCK electricity
Road enable end also connects high pressure LDO circuit output end through resistance R10.
8. a kind of simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection according to claim 7 and protection circuit, it is characterised in that: the voltage is pre-
If value is arranged by resistance R1, R25, the voltage of the second comparator negative input is passed through by obtaining after vehicular power-bottle electric resistance partial pressure
The value for modifying R1, R25, R26, reaches preset low-voltage variation threshold value.
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CN201910637133.2A CN110474298B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection and protection circuit |
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CN201910637133.2A CN110474298B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Simple vehicle-mounted storage battery detection and protection circuit |
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CN110474298B CN110474298B (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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CN112688276A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 深圳市安帕尔科技有限公司 | Air station alarm host circuit and air station equipment |
CN114094809A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳佑驾创新科技有限公司 | On-vehicle 12V 24V input low-voltage threshold switching circuit |
CN114362096A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-15 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Power supply management circuit of vehicle-mounted entertainment system |
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CN112688276A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 深圳市安帕尔科技有限公司 | Air station alarm host circuit and air station equipment |
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