CN110471199B - Isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect - Google Patents
Isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN110471199B CN110471199B CN201910698214.3A CN201910698214A CN110471199B CN 110471199 B CN110471199 B CN 110471199B CN 201910698214 A CN201910698214 A CN 201910698214A CN 110471199 B CN110471199 B CN 110471199B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/09—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
- G02F1/093—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators
Abstract
The invention provides an isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect, which comprises: the optical fiber polarization controller, the micro-nano optical waveguide and the magneto-optical material microcavity. The isolator is of a symmetrical structure, and by utilizing spin orbit coupling of light in a magneto-optical material microcavity and combining a Faraday optical rotation effect in the magneto-optical material, the integrated all-magneto-optical material optical isolator is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical microcavity waveguide coupling, and particularly relates to the field of isolators based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect.
Background
Optical isolators are a very important non-reciprocal device and are of great importance in classical and quantum information processing. The conventional optical isolator mainly utilizes the faraday rotation effect in the magneto-optical crystal, but the faraday effect is usually not strong for general magneto-optical materials, which makes the conventional optical isolator not easy for device integration.
The optical micro-cavity high-quality factor characteristic can be used for solving the problem of miniaturization of the optical isolator device. However, due to the symmetry of the optical microcavity, an optical isolator based on the conventional faraday effect cannot be realized under a uniform magnetic field and material. Therefore, the prior art of implementing optical isolators over optical microcavities utilizes asymmetric structures or non-uniform magnetic fields. However, in order to realize a good optical isolator under such a situation, the problem of mismatching between the magneto-optical material and the semiconductor material needs to be overcome, and the optical isolator has high processing cost, low production efficiency and poor expandability.
Recently, a phenomenon found in micro-nano optical structures — spin-orbit coupling of light, i.e., polarization (spin) of light, may interact with the orbit of light. The spin orbit coupling can break the symmetry of the optical microcavity, thereby providing a new scheme foundation for realizing optical isolation in the optical microcavity made of uniform materials, and being applied to the aspects of filtering, light source protection, magnetic field measurement and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides an isolator which can integrate the optical spin orbit coupling and the Faraday effect by utilizing the optical spin orbit coupling in a microcavity and combining the Faraday optical rotation effect in a magneto-optical material.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides an isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect, which comprises: the optical fiber polarization controller, the micro-nano optical waveguide and the magneto-optical material microcavity. The isolator based on the optical spin orbit coupling and the Faraday effect is of a symmetrical structure, wherein two ports are used as input ends and connected with two optical fiber polarization controllers, the two optical fiber polarization controllers are connected with a micro-nano optical waveguide, and the micro-nano optical waveguide is tightly attached to a magneto-optical material microcavity.
Wherein the magneto-optical material microcavity is made of high Faraday rotation coefficient and low optical loss, and comprises yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe5O12For example, the Faraday coefficient of the material used in the micro-cavity made of magneto-optical material is higher than 220 degree/cm, and the optical absorption coefficient is lower than 0.05/cm in a 1310nm wave band.
The structure of the magneto-optical material microcavity can also be a microcavity with a curvature at the boundary, such as a microsphere cavity (microspherore) and a microcore cavity (microtoroid). A static magnetic field is required to be applied to the outer portion of the isolator based on the optical spin orbit coupling and the Faraday effect and is perpendicular to the equatorial plane of the magneto-optical material microcavity, and the magneto-optical material is required to be saturated by the magnetic field intensity so as to play a role in isolation.
Preferably, in order to obtain a better isolation effect, the micro-nano optical waveguide can be closely attached to a high azimuth of the magneto-optical material microcavity.
Preferably, the surface of the micro-cavity made of the magneto-optical material can be treated to improve the quality factor of the micro-cavity, and the effect of improving optical isolation can be achieved.
Preferably, the micro-cavity made of the magneto-optical material with the higher Faraday rotation coefficient can also be selected to achieve the effect of improving optical isolation. (III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with a common isolator, the device is of a full-magneto-optical material structure, is convenient to process, has a small structure, and can reduce the processing cost. The optical microcavity and waveguide coupling structure can be on-chip, so that the integration is convenient.
(2) This type of system can be extended to other systems including diamond NV colour centres, ion doped crystals etc. based on the non-mutually different effects of light spin-orbit coupling combined with the faraday effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical isolator system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sphere cavity and an optical waveguide system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of spin-orbit coupling of light in an optical microsphere cavity.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in the drawings or description, the same drawing reference numerals are used for similar or identical parts. Implementations not depicted or described in the drawings are of a form known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, while exemplifications of parameters including particular values may be provided herein, it is to be understood that the parameters need not be exactly equal to the respective values, but may be approximated to the respective values within acceptable error margins or design constraints. Directional phrases used in the embodiments, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," and the like, refer only to the orientation of the figure. Accordingly, the directional terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation.
Detailed description of the preferred embodimentsfor fig. 1, the isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and faraday effect comprises: the device comprises an optical fiber polarization controller 1, an optical fiber taper coupling waveguide 2 and a magneto-optical material microsphere cavity 3.
The isolator based on the optical spin orbit coupling and the Faraday effect is a symmetrical structure.
The port 1 and the port 2 are used as two input ends and are respectively connected with the two optical fiber polarization controllers 1, and the two optical fiber polarization controllers 1 control the light of the two input ports to enable the polarization directions of the light to be consistent. Two optical fiber polarization controllers 1 are connected with an optical fiber taper coupling waveguide 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the magneto-optical material microsphere cavity 3 and the fiber taper coupling waveguide 2 are closely attached together, a magnetic field perpendicular to the equatorial plane of the magneto-optical material microsphere cavity 3 is applied from the outside, and the magneto-optical material is saturated by the magnetic field strength to achieve the isolation effect.
Wherein the material used for the cavity 3 is a high Faraday rotation coefficient and low optical loss magneto-optical material, such as yttrium-iron-garnet Y3Fe5O12。
The optical fiber taper coupling waveguide 2 can be any other micro-nano optical waveguide.
The micro-cavity structure of the magneto-optical material micro-sphere cavity 3 can also be a micro-cavity with curvature at the boundary, such as a micro sphere cavity (microsphere), a micro ring core cavity (microtoroid), and the like.
Preferably, to obtain a better isolation effect, the fiber taper coupling waveguide 2 may be attached at a high azimuth of the magneto-optical material microsphere cavity 3.
Preferably, the surface of the cavity 3 of the magneto-optical material is treated to improve its quality factor, and also to improve the optical isolation.
Preferably, the micro-cavity made of the magneto-optical material with the higher Faraday rotation coefficient can also be selected to achieve the effect of improving optical isolation. The principle of optical isolation is shown in fig. 3, because of the spin orbit coupling of light in the micro-sphere cavity 3 made of magneto-optical material, linearly polarized light propagating in the micro-sphere cavity 3 made of magneto-optical material has circular polarization characteristics in the propagation direction, so that the light spins in the direction perpendicular to the propagation direction, and for light in different propagation directions and in the same polarization direction, light spins in the opposite direction, so that the symmetry of the micro-sphere cavity 3 made of magneto-optical material is broken, and an optical isolation effect is generated under the action of an external magnetic field.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and faraday effect, comprising: two optical fiber polarization controllers, a micro-nano optical waveguide and a magneto-optical material microcavity;
wherein, the isolator based on the optical spin orbit coupling and the Faraday effect is a symmetrical structure;
a static magnetic field is required to be applied to the outside of the isolator based on the optical spin orbit coupling and the Faraday effect and is perpendicular to the equatorial plane of the magneto-optical material microcavity, and the magneto-optical material is required to be saturated by the magnetic field intensity so as to play a role in isolation;
the isolator based on the optical spin orbit coupling and the Faraday effect further comprises two ports which serve as two input ends and are respectively connected with the two optical fiber polarization controllers, the two optical fiber polarization controllers control light of the two input ports to enable the polarization directions of the light to be consistent, and the two optical fiber polarization controllers are connected with the optical fiber cone coupling waveguide.
2. The isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nano optical waveguide is closely attached to the micro-cavity of magneto-optical material.
3. The isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and faraday effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material used in the magneto-optical material microcavity is magneto-optical material.
4. The isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect according to claim 1, wherein the micro-cavity structure of magneto-optical material is micro spherical cavity (microsphere) or micro toroidal cavity (microtoroid) structure.
5. The isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the micro-cavity of magneto-optical material is a micro-cavity structure with curvature at its boundary.
6. The isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and Faraday effect of claim 1, wherein the material used for the magneto-optical material microcavity is yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe5O12For example, the Faraday coefficient should be higher than 220 DEG/cm, and the optical absorption coefficient should be lower than 0.05/cm at 1310 nm.
7. The isolator based on optical spin orbit coupling and faraday effect of claim 1, wherein the micro-nano optical waveguide is closely attached at the high azimuth of the micro-cavity of magneto-optical material.
8. The optical spin orbit coupling and faraday effect based isolator of claim 1, wherein the surface of the micro-cavity of magneto-optical material is treated.
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| CN1869748A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-11-29 | 英特尔公司 | Integratable optical isolator having mach-zehnder interferometer configuration |
| CN102549465A (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2012-07-04 | 国际商业机器公司 | Electromagnetic wave isolator and integrated optics device |
| CN105247405A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2016-01-13 | 信越化学工业株式会社 | Faraday rotator and light isolator using faraday rotator |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1869748A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-11-29 | 英特尔公司 | Integratable optical isolator having mach-zehnder interferometer configuration |
| CN102549465A (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2012-07-04 | 国际商业机器公司 | Electromagnetic wave isolator and integrated optics device |
| CN105247405A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2016-01-13 | 信越化学工业株式会社 | Faraday rotator and light isolator using faraday rotator |
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