CN110471173B - Four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with diffraction surface - Google Patents
Four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with diffraction surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN110471173B CN110471173B CN201910717176.1A CN201910717176A CN110471173B CN 110471173 B CN110471173 B CN 110471173B CN 201910717176 A CN201910717176 A CN 201910717176A CN 110471173 B CN110471173 B CN 110471173B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0605—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using two curved mirrors
- G02B17/061—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using two curved mirrors on-axis systems with at least one of the mirrors having a central aperture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4205—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
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Abstract
The invention relates to a four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction surface, which comprises a front surface (1), a rear surface (2) and an infrared response detector (3), wherein the front surface (1) comprises a ring-shaped plane (101), a second reflection aspheric surface (102) and a fourth reflection aspheric surface (103) which are sequentially adjacent and coaxial from outside to inside, the rear surface (2) comprises a first reflection aspheric surface (201), a third reflection aspheric surface (202) and a diffraction surface (203) which are sequentially adjacent and coaxial from outside to inside, and incident light rays are incident through the ring-shaped plane (101), then sequentially reflected through the first reflection aspheric surface (201), the second reflection aspheric surface (102), the third reflection aspheric surface (202) and the fourth reflection aspheric surface (103), then emitted through the diffraction surface (204) and reach the infrared response detector (3). Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of compact structure, capability of effectively eliminating chromatic aberration and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical systems and device design, in particular to a four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction surface.
Background
In an infrared imaging optical system, a camera lens with large relative aperture and high resolution is designed by adopting a transmission type optical element, a multi-piece lens is generally required to be combined to image and correct aberration, the system is relatively long in design, the assembly process and detection means of the lens are complicated, the used lens material such as germanium, zinc sulfide or zinc selenide is expensive and difficult to manufacture, however, an internally reflective design structure can realize an infrared imaging optical system with low cost, high performance and light system configuration, and is already used in the design of a visible light wave band, and the reflective design configuration can fold a light path, so that the system structure is compact. In addition, high throughput and high resolution are key parameters of the infrared viewfinder, which will improve the target recognition capability of the system in low light or complex nighttime environments.
Eric et al, in Ultrathin four-reflection imager (APPLIED OPTICS, 48 (2): 343-. However, in the system, the chromatic aberration is optimized after the detector acquires the image, and the chromatic aberration of the system is not corrected substantially. At present, no one-piece coaxial optical structure which is applied to infrared imaging and can effectively eliminate chromatic aberration is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction surface.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with the diffraction surface comprises a front surface, a rear surface and an infrared response detector, wherein the front surface comprises an annular plane, a second reflection aspheric surface and a fourth reflection aspheric surface which are sequentially adjacent and coaxial from outside to inside, the rear surface comprises a first reflection aspheric surface, a third reflection aspheric surface and a diffraction surface which are sequentially adjacent and coaxial from outside to inside, and incident light is incident through the annular plane and then sequentially reflected by the first reflection aspheric surface, the second reflection aspheric surface, the third reflection aspheric surface and the fourth reflection aspheric surface and then is emergent through the diffraction surface and reaches the infrared response detector.
Furthermore, the F number of the optical system is 0.8-1.1, the diameter of an entrance pupil is 60-80 mm, the diameter of a central blocking is 30-50 mm, and the diameter of the entrance pupil is selected by compromising the field of view and the light collection capability.
Further, the entrance pupil coincides with the annular plane.
Further, adjacent edges of the second reflecting aspheric surface, the fourth reflecting aspheric surface, the first reflecting aspheric surface and the third reflecting aspheric surface are not interfered with each other.
Further, the axial distance between the front surface and the rear surface is 23-28 mm, the axial distance between the rear surface and the infrared response detector is 5-7 mm, and the axial distance is determined according to the size of the infrared response detector.
Further, the diameter of the outermost edge of the annular plane is no more than 77mm, and the axial distance from the annular plane to the infrared-responsive detector is no more than 35mm, as determined by the entrance pupil diameter and the axial distance from the rear surface to the infrared-responsive detector.
Further, the infrared response detector has a single pixel size of 15 μm or 30 μm, a total number of pixels of 320 × 256, a size of 4.8mm × 3.8mm, an infrared response band range of 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm, and a central operating wavelength of 4.4 μm.
Further, the first reflecting aspheric surface, the second reflecting aspheric surface, the third reflecting aspheric surface and the fourth reflecting aspheric surface are ring-shaped high-order aspheric surfaces with different parameters.
Furthermore, the field angles of the system in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are both 5 degrees, and the infrared response detector is filled with imaging.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the front and back optical surfaces of the optical system, the front surface and the back surface outer ring adopt multi-section high-order aspheric surfaces, the central area of the back surface adopts a diffraction surface, incident light rays are emitted from the diffraction surface after four times of internal reflection without passing through different transmission materials, so that the monochromatic aberration of the system is effectively corrected, and the chromatic aberration of the system is effectively corrected by the last diffraction surface, thereby realizing the effective correction of chromatic aberration;
(2) the optical system of the invention adopts multi-section high-order optical surfaces and internal reflection to realize infrared imaging, is an integrated coaxial optical structure, can be realized by adopting a single lens, has compact structure, does not need assembly and detection, and has low production cost and high system integration level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction surface;
FIG. 2 is a dot diagram of an optical system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of MTF for an optical system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of MTF of an optical system after removal of the diffractive surface in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The embodiment provides a four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction surface, as shown in fig. 1, which includes a front surface 1, a back surface 2 and an infrared response detector 3, wherein the front surface 1 includes an annular plane 101, a second reflection aspheric surface 102 and a fourth reflection aspheric surface 103 which are adjacent and coaxial in sequence from outside to inside, the back surface 2 includes a first reflection aspheric surface 201, a third reflection aspheric surface 202 and a diffraction surface 203 which are adjacent and coaxial in sequence from outside to inside, and incident light enters through the annular plane 101, then sequentially passes through the first reflection aspheric surface 201, the second reflection aspheric surface 102, the third reflection aspheric surface 202 and the fourth reflection aspheric surface 103 for reflection, then exits through the diffraction surface 204 and reaches the infrared response detector 3.
The smaller the F number is, the larger the aperture of the entrance pupil is, the stronger the light collecting capacity is, the larger the effective entrance pupil is, the smaller the corresponding field of view is, the size of the entrance pupil of the size is selected according to the model and the parameter calculation of the infrared response detector 3 by compromising the field of view and the light collecting capacity. In this embodiment, the F number of the four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with the diffraction surface is 0.9, the diameter range of the entrance pupil is 74mm, the diameter of the central obscuration is 48mm, the equivalent aperture is 56mm, the central working wavelength is 4.4 μm, the field angles of the system in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are both 5 °, the infrared response detector is filled with imaging, and the entrance pupil is overlapped with the annular plane 101.
The adjacent edges of the second reflecting aspheric surface 102 and the fourth reflecting aspheric surface 103, the first reflecting aspheric surface 201, and the third reflecting aspheric surface 202 do not interfere with each other, and the first reflecting aspheric surface 201, the second reflecting aspheric surface 102, the third reflecting aspheric surface 202, and the fourth reflecting aspheric surface 103 are ring-shaped high-order aspheric surfaces with different parameters.
The front 1 and rear 2 faces are at an axial distance of 25mm, the rear face 2 is at an axial distance of 5mm from the infrared-responsive detector 3, the infrared-responsive detector 3 has a single pixel size of 15 μm, a total number of pixels of 320 × 256, and dimensions of 4.8mm × 3.8 mm.
The parameters and the pitch of each optical surface of the four-reflection medium wave infrared finder optical system with a diffraction surface are shown in table 1.
Table 1: optical system parameters
Because the refractive index of the transmission material is changed along with the wavelength, the light rays with different wavelengths emitted by the object point can not be converged at one point after passing through the optical system to form colored diffuse spots; the independence and the negative property of the dispersion characteristic of the diffraction surface and the material can effectively eliminate the chromatic aberration of the system.
FIG. 2 is a dot-column diagram of a four-mirror medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction surface, showing the size distribution of the dispersed spots on the image surface, where the chromatic aberration is smaller than the pixel size of the detector according to the dot-column diagram result, so that the chromatic aberration of the system is corrected;
FIG. 3 is a graph of MTF of a four-mirror medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with diffractive surfaces, i.e., a full field transfer function, the system being designed to approach the diffraction limit;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the MTF of a four-mirror medium-wave infrared viewfinder optical system without a diffraction plane, wherein the design transfer function value of the four-mirror medium-wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction plane at 33lp/mm is increased from 0.25 to 0.43 compared with the optical system without a diffraction plane, and the design transfer function of the full field of view is close to the diffraction limit.
The four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with the diffraction surface is suitable for large relative aperture and high resolution, does not need to be adjusted, can be used for processing a lens by directly adopting a single-point diamond turning process, corrects chromatic aberration and keeps lower manufacturing cost.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with a diffraction surface comprises a front surface (1), a rear surface (2) and an infrared response detector (3), wherein the front surface (1) comprises a ring-shaped plane (101), a second reflection aspheric surface (102) and a fourth reflection aspheric surface (103) which are sequentially adjacent and coaxial from outside to inside, and is characterized in that the rear surface (2) comprises a first reflection aspheric surface (201), a third reflection aspheric surface (202) and a diffraction surface (203) which are sequentially adjacent and coaxial from outside to inside, incident light rays are sequentially reflected by the first reflection aspheric surface (201), the second reflection aspheric surface (102), the third reflection aspheric surface (202) and the fourth reflection aspheric surface (103) after being incident through the ring-shaped plane (101), and then are emitted through the diffraction surface (204) and reach the infrared response detector (3), the F number of the optical system is 0.8-1.1, the diameter of an entrance pupil is 60 mm-80 mm, and the diameter of a central blocking is 30-50 mm.
2. The four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with diffraction surfaces of claim 1, wherein the entrance pupil coincides with the annular plane (101).
3. The four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with the diffraction surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjacent edges of the second reflecting aspheric surface (102) and the fourth reflecting aspheric surface (103), the first reflecting aspheric surface (201), and the third reflecting aspheric surface (202) do not interfere with each other.
4. The four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with diffraction surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the axial distance between the front surface (1) and the back surface (2) is 23 mm-28 mm, and the axial distance between the back surface (2) and the infrared response detector (3) is 5 mm-7 mm.
5. The four-mirror medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with diffraction surfaces as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the outermost edge of said annular plane (101) does not exceed 77mm, and the axial distance of said annular plane (101) from the infrared-responsive detector (3) does not exceed 35 mm.
6. The four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with the diffraction surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the infrared response detector (3) has a single pixel size of 15 μm or 30 μm, a total pixel number of 320 x 256, a size of 4.8mm x 3.8mm, an infrared response band range of 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm, and a central operating wavelength of 4.4 μm.
7. The four-reflection medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with the diffraction surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the first reflection aspheric surface (201), the second reflection aspheric surface (102), the third reflection aspheric surface (202) and the fourth reflection aspheric surface (103) are zonal high-order aspheric surfaces with different parameters.
8. The four-mirror medium wave infrared viewfinder optical system with diffractive surfaces of claim 1, wherein the system has a 5 ° field angle in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
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| CN111897117A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-06 | 长春理工大学 | Ultra-thin medium-long wave infrared dual-waveband imaging system |
| WO2024004271A1 (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-04 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Optical system, stereo optical system, stereo imaging device, imaging device, and image projection device |
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