CN110471079B - Light quantum speed measuring telescope and speed measuring method - Google Patents
Light quantum speed measuring telescope and speed measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110471079B CN110471079B CN201910910577.9A CN201910910577A CN110471079B CN 110471079 B CN110471079 B CN 110471079B CN 201910910577 A CN201910910577 A CN 201910910577A CN 110471079 B CN110471079 B CN 110471079B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention provides a light quantum velocimetry telescope, which is characterized by comprising a photon beam emitting unit, a photon beam receiving unit, a photoelectric conversion unit, a microprocessor unit and a result display unit; the method for measuring the speed of the light quantum speed measuring telescope is also provided. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: measuring the target speed by adopting a single photon beam, processing data by utilizing an internal microprocessor, and calculating the speed of the target; the physical parameters such as single photon coherence and directivity are more advantageous than common light, and in the process of transmitting single photon laser and reflecting echo, the diffuse reflection and refraction of the light beam by the atmospheric environment are reduced, the measurement accuracy is higher, the measurement speed is faster, and the defect of larger error of the common tachometer telescope is overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of single photon velocity measurement, in particular to a light quantum velocity measurement telescope and a velocity measurement method.
Background
Laser is widely applied to various laser telescopes, and has wide application markets in the military industry, the industry and the civil use, but the existing laser telescope generally indirectly measures the target speed by transmitting laser pulse signals, and enough echo energy is needed to ensure the measurement accuracy; because the coherence and the directivity are influenced by the optical property of the device and the atmospheric environment, the reflected echo signals after reaching the target can be diffusely reflected and refracted, the measurement accuracy and the measurement speed are greatly influenced, and particularly under extreme weather environments such as rain, snow, fog and the like, the measurement error is larger, and the measurement error and the real speed have larger deviation.
The invention provides a light quantum speed measuring telescope and a speed measuring method, which utilize the principle that the light speed of a single photon is constant, calculate the target speed through an internal microprocessor, and finish the speed measuring function.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a light quantum velocimetry telescope and a velocimetry method.
The aim of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a light quantum velocimetry telescope, which comprises a photon beam emission unit, a photon beam receiving unit, a photoelectric conversion unit, a microprocessor unit and a result display unit, wherein the photon beam emission unit is connected with the photon beam receiving unit;
the photon beam emission unit is used for emitting a velocity measurement photon beam to a target;
the photon beam receiving unit is used for receiving the velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave reflected by the target;
the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam for measuring the speed into an electric signal for measuring the speed;
the microprocessor unit is used for carrying out signal processing by utilizing a preset algorithm and obtaining a speed measurement result by the preset algorithm;
the result display unit is used for displaying the speed measurement result and controlling the connection of peripheral equipment.
The invention also provides a light quantum speed measuring telescope speed measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, when a user uses the light quantum velocimetry telescope to velocimetry a target, a photon beam emission unit in the light quantum velocimetry telescope emits velocimetry photon beams to the target;
s2, after the velocity measurement photon beam is emitted to the target, the velocity measurement photon beam is reflected by the target to form a velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave, and the velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave is received by the photon beam receiving unit;
s3, after the photon beam receiving unit receives the photon beam reflected wave, refraction and transmission processing are carried out by using a processing lens group, optical filtering is carried out on the photon beam reflected wave, and an optical signal of the photon beam reflected wave is obtained and transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit;
s4, after receiving the optical signals of the reflected waves of the velocity measuring photon beams, the photoelectric conversion unit converts the optical signals of the reflected waves of the velocity measuring photon beams into velocity measuring electric signals by utilizing a photoelectric converter and a signal transmitter, and sends the optical signals of the reflected waves of the velocity measuring photon beams and the velocity measuring electric signals to the microprocessor unit;
s5, the microprocessor unit performs signal processing by using a preset algorithm to obtain the speed of the target and sends the speed to the result display unit;
and S6, the result display unit displays the calculated target speed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the single photon beam is adopted to measure the target speed by the light quantum velocimetry telescope and the velocimetry method, physical parameters such as coherence and directivity are more advantageous than those of common light, diffuse reflection and refraction of the light beam by the atmospheric environment are reduced in the process of transmitting single photon laser and reflecting echo, the measurement precision is higher, the measurement speed is higher, and the defect of larger error of the common velocimetry telescope is overcome.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort from the following drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention;
reference numerals:
the device comprises a light quantum velocimetry telescope 1, a light beam emitting unit 101, a light beam receiving unit 102, a photoelectric conversion unit 103, a microprocessor unit 104 and a result display unit 105; s1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 of the present embodiment includes a photon beam emitting unit 101, a photon beam receiving unit 102, a photoelectric conversion unit 103, a microprocessor unit 104, and a result display unit 105;
the photon beam emission unit 101 is used for emitting a velocimetric photon beam to a target;
the photon beam receiving unit 102 is used for receiving the velocimetry photon beam reflected wave reflected by the target;
the photoelectric conversion unit 103 is used for converting the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam for measuring the speed into an electric signal for measuring the speed;
the microprocessor unit 104 is configured to perform signal processing by using a preset algorithm, and obtain a speed measurement result by using the preset algorithm;
the result display unit 105 is used for displaying the speed measurement result and controlling the connection of peripheral equipment.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment further provides a method for measuring the speed of the light quantum speed measuring telescope, which includes:
s1, when a user uses the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 to velocimetry a target, a photon beam emission unit 101 in the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 emits velocimetry photon beams to the target;
s2, after the velocity measurement photon beam is emitted to the target, the velocity measurement photon beam is reflected by the target to form a velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave, and the velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave is received by the photon beam receiving unit 102;
s3, after receiving the reflected photon beam, the photon beam receiving unit 102 performs refraction and transmission processing by using a processing lens group, and performs optical filtering on the reflected photon beam to obtain an optical signal of the reflected photon beam, and transmits the optical signal to the photoelectric conversion unit 103;
s4, after receiving the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam, the photoelectric conversion unit 103 converts the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam into an electrical signal, and sends the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam and the electrical signal to the microprocessor unit 104;
s5, the microprocessor unit 104 performs signal processing by using a preset algorithm to obtain the target speed, and sends the target speed to the result display unit 105;
the result display unit 105 displays the calculated target speed S6.
According to the light quantum velocimetry telescope and the velocimetry method, the single photon beam is adopted for measuring the target speed, physical parameters such as coherence and directivity are more advantageous than those of common light, diffuse reflection and refraction of the beam by an atmospheric environment are reduced in the process of transmitting single photon laser and reflecting echoes, measurement accuracy is higher, measurement speed is faster, and the defect of larger error of the common velocimetry telescope is overcome.
Preferably, the photon beam emitting unit 101 comprises a photon beam emitter and a photon beam monitor;
the photon beam emitter is used for emitting a single photon beam to a target to serve as a velocity measurement photon beam;
the photon beam monitor is configured to monitor whether the photon beam emitter emits the tachometer photon beam normally, and emit an alarm signal to the result display unit 105 when it is monitored that the photon beam emitter does not emit the tachometer photon beam normally.
The single photon used in the speed measurement process of the light quantum speed measurement telescope 1 in the preferred embodiment has special physical properties, physical parameters such as coherence and directivity are more advantageous than those of common light, and the photon beam emitter emits the single photon beam, so that errors in the emission process can be reduced, the influence of temperature, weather and the like of the external environment is small, and a far measurement range can be ensured.
Preferably, the photon beam receiving unit 102 receives the reflected photon beam and refracts and transmits the reflected photon beam, including a photon beam receiver and a processing lens group;
the photon beam receiver is used for receiving the single photon beam reflected by the target, namely the reflected wave of the velocity measurement photon beam;
the processing lens group is used for refracting and transmitting received reflected waves of the velocity measurement photon beam by utilizing the lens groups and performing optical filtering to obtain optical signals of the reflected waves of the velocity measurement photon beam;
the processing lens group comprises a first lens group and a second lens group, and the processing lens group is arranged according to a certain rule according to the target condition and is used for refracting and transmitting the reflected wave of the velocity measuring photon beam;
the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam with the velocity measurement processed by the processing lens group enters the photoelectric conversion unit 103.
In the preferred embodiment, the photon beam receiving unit 102 is configured to receive the reflected photon beam for velocity measurement, perform refraction and transmission processing, perform optical filtering on the reflected photon beam for velocity measurement, filter out external stray light to a certain extent, reduce the influence on the measurement result, and utilize the optical lens set to perform refraction and transmission on the reflected photon beam for velocity measurement according to a certain rule according to the target condition, so that the arrangement rule of the optical lens set can be changed in different environments, and the optical quantum velocity measurement telescope 1 is suitable for different velocity measurement occasions.
Preferably, the photoelectric conversion unit 103 includes a photoelectric converter, a signal emitter;
the photoelectric converter is used for converting the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam for measuring the speed into an electric signal for measuring the speed;
the signal transmitter transmits the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam to the microprocessor unit 104.
In the preferred embodiment, the photoelectric conversion unit 103 converts the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam for measuring speed into the electric signal for measuring speed through devices such as a photodiode, so that the electric signal for measuring speed is used for signal processing, and the optical quantum speed measuring telescope 1 can accurately measure speed through photoelectric conversion, so that a speed measuring result can be simply and rapidly obtained.
Preferably, the microprocessor unit 104 includes a phase analysis subunit, a result calculation subunit;
the phase analysis subunit is used for carrying out phase analysis on the optical signals of the reflected wave of the velocity measurement photon beam in a certain time interval to obtain a required target phase difference, and measuring the target distance of the target in a certain time interval;
the result calculation subunit is used for calculating the target speed by using a preset algorithm.
In the preferred embodiment, the microprocessor unit 104 is configured to perform signal processing on the detected single photon echo, and compared with the common light, the single photon echo has a unique physical characteristic, is less affected by the weather of the external environment temperature, and the like, and uses the microprocessor to calculate the target speed, so that the speed measurement result can be conveniently, simply and rapidly obtained, and compared with the common laser speed measurement, the measurement accuracy is higher, and the measurement speed is faster.
The result display unit 105 includes a display storage subunit, a peripheral connection subunit;
the display storage subunit is used for storing and displaying the speed measurement result;
the display storage subunit comprises two storage modes of temporary storage and system storage;
the result display unit 105 displays an alarm red light mark when receiving an alarm signal emitted by the photon beam monitor;
the peripheral connection subunit is used for connecting various peripheral devices by using Bluetooth or data interfaces.
In the preferred embodiment, the display and storage subunit is capable of temporarily storing results of the measured target speed, and performing overlay storage after temporarily storing data for one week; the system storage can be carried out, the target speed is stored after the classification item is defined, and the system storage is not subjected to overlay storage; the storage function of the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 can be well completed.
Preferably, in a certain time interval, the photon beam is used for irradiating the target twice, so that two pieces of space phase information of the target can be obtained, the space phase information of the target obtained by the two times is processed, and finally, the average moving speed of the target can be obtained:
in the microprocessor unit 104, the relation between the measured distance and the phase is established as follows:
the distance of the first measurement target is:
the distance of the second measurement target is:
according to the Doppler phase shift principle, the moving distance of the target is proportional to the measuring distance from the optical quantum velocimeter 1 to the target. Thus, according to the basic physical formula, speed = distance/(time). The final measurement speed formula is as follows:
in the above formula, v represents the target speed, s represents the target distance of the measurement target in a period of time, s 1 Representing the target distance, s, of a first measurement target over a period of time 2 Representing the target distance, t, of a second measurement target over a period of time Δ The time interval of 2 measurements is indicated,
representing the phase difference between the light quantum velocimeter 1 and the target when measuring the target, < + >>
Indicating the phase difference between the light quantum velocimeter 1 and the target when the target is measured for the first time within a period of time,/->
Representing the phase difference between the optical quantum velocimeter 1 and the target during the second measurement of the target in a period of time, c represents the constant of the speed of light in the atmosphere, lambda represents the atmospheric correction constant, generally between 0 and 1, f Δ Representing the frequency difference measured 2 times over a period of time.
In the preferred embodiment, the microprocessor unit 104 calculates the target speed according to the phase difference between the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 and the target during measurement by using a preset algorithm, so that high accuracy of the result is ensured, and for accurate velocimetry at a longer distance, the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 can stably identify and velocimetry, and is simple to operate, fast in speed and small in error.
The method for measuring the speed of the light quantum speed measuring telescope is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, when a user uses the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 to velocimetry a target, a photon beam emission unit 101 in the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 emits velocimetry photon beams to the target;
s2, after the velocity measurement photon beam is emitted to the target, the velocity measurement photon beam is reflected by the target to form a velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave, and the velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave is received by the photon beam receiving unit 102;
s3, after receiving the reflected photon beam, the photon beam receiving unit 102 performs refraction and transmission processing by using a processing lens group, and performs optical filtering on the reflected photon beam to obtain an optical signal of the reflected photon beam, and transmits the optical signal to the photoelectric conversion unit 103;
s4, after receiving the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam, the photoelectric conversion unit 103 converts the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam into an electrical signal, and sends the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam and the electrical signal to the microprocessor unit 104;
s5, the microprocessor unit 104 performs signal processing by using a preset algorithm to obtain the target speed, and sends the target speed to the result display unit 105;
the result display unit 105 displays the calculated target speed S6.
In the preferred embodiment, the single photon beam is adopted by the light quantum velocimetry telescope 1 to measure the target speed, mainly by utilizing unique physical properties of single photons, physical parameters such as coherence and directivity are more advantageous than those of common light, diffuse reflection and refraction of the beam by atmospheric environment are reduced in the process of transmitting single photon laser and reflecting echo, the algorithm is used to ensure higher measurement accuracy and faster measurement speed, the defect of larger error of the common light velocimetry telescope is overcome, the operation is simple, the reaction speed is fast, the time is saved, the accuracy is high, the influence of external environment temperature and weather is small, the action distance is long, the penetrability of smoke dust and the like is good, and the telescope is suitable for long-distance accurate velocimetry and can stably identify velocimetry under the long-distance condition.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The light quantum velocimetry telescope is characterized by comprising a photon beam emitting unit, a photon beam receiving unit, a photoelectric conversion unit, a microprocessor unit and a result display unit;
the photon beam emission unit is used for emitting a velocimetry photon beam to a target, and comprises a photon beam emitter and a photon beam monitor, wherein the photon beam emitter is used for emitting a single photon beam to the target as the velocimetry photon beam, the photon beam monitor is used for monitoring whether the photon beam emitter normally emits the velocimetry photon beam, and when the fact that the photon beam emitter does not normally emit the velocimetry photon beam is monitored, an alarm signal is emitted to the result display unit;
the photon beam receiving unit is used for receiving the tachometer photon beam reflected wave reflected by the target, receives the tachometer photon beam reflected wave, and carries out refraction and transmission treatment on the tachometer photon beam reflected wave, and comprises a photon beam receiver and a processing lens group, wherein the photon beam receiver is used for receiving the single photon beam reflected by the target, namely the tachometer photon beam reflected wave, the processing lens group is used for carrying out refraction and transmission on the received tachometer photon beam reflected wave by utilizing a plurality of lens groups and carrying out optical filtering on the tachometer photon beam reflected wave to obtain an optical signal of the tachometer photon beam reflected wave, the processing lens group comprises a first lens group and a second lens group, the tachometer photon beam reflected wave is arranged according to a certain rule according to the condition of the target, and the optical signal of the tachometer photon beam reflected wave processed by the processing lens group enters the photoelectric conversion unit;
the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam for measuring the speed into an electric signal for measuring the speed;
the microprocessor unit is used for processing signals by using a preset algorithm and obtaining a speed measurement result by using the preset algorithm,
v represents the target speed, s 1 Representing the target distance, s, of a first measurement target over a period of time 2 Representing the target distance of the second measurement target over a period of time,
indicating the phase difference between the light quantum velocimeter and the target when the target is measured for the first time within a period of time,/->
Representing the phase difference between the light quantum velocimeter and the target when the target is measured for the second time within a period of time, t Δ Represents a time interval of 2 measurements, lambda represents an atmospheric correction constant, generally between 0 and 1, f Δ Representing 2 measured frequency differences over a period of time;
the result display unit is used for displaying the speed measurement result and controlling the connection of peripheral equipment.
2. The light quantum velocimetry telescope of claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion unit comprises a photoelectric converter and a signal transmitter;
the photoelectric converter is used for converting the optical signal of the reflected wave of the photon beam for measuring the speed into an electric signal for measuring the speed;
the signal transmitter is used for transmitting the optical signals and the tachometer electrical signals of the tachometer photon beam reflected waves to the microprocessor unit.
3. The light quantum velocimetry telescope of claim 1 wherein said microprocessor unit comprises a phase analysis subunit, a result calculation subunit;
the phase analysis subunit is used for carrying out phase analysis on the optical signals of the reflected wave of the velocity measurement photon beam in a certain time interval to obtain a required target phase difference, and measuring the target distance of the target in a certain time interval;
the result calculation subunit is used for calculating the target speed by using a preset algorithm.
4. The light quantum velocimetry telescope of claim 1, wherein said results display unit comprises a display storage subunit, a peripheral connection subunit;
the display storage subunit is used for storing and displaying the speed measurement result;
the display storage subunit comprises two storage modes of temporary storage and system storage;
the result display unit displays an alarm red light mark when receiving an alarm signal emitted by the photon beam monitor;
the peripheral connection subunit is used for connecting various peripheral devices by using Bluetooth or data interfaces.
5. A method of measuring a speed of a light quantum tachometer telescope as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
s1, when a user uses the light quantum velocimetry telescope to velocimetry a target, a photon beam emission unit in the light quantum velocimetry telescope emits velocimetry photon beams to the target;
s2, after the velocity measurement photon beam is emitted to the target, the velocity measurement photon beam is reflected by the target to form a velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave, and the velocity measurement photon beam reflected wave is received by the photon beam receiving unit;
s3, after the photon beam receiving unit receives the photon beam reflected wave, refraction and transmission processing are carried out by using a processing lens group, optical filtering is carried out on the photon beam reflected wave, and an optical signal of the photon beam reflected wave is obtained and transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit;
s4, after receiving the optical signals of the reflected waves of the velocity measuring photon beams, the photoelectric conversion unit converts the optical signals of the reflected waves of the velocity measuring photon beams into velocity measuring electric signals by utilizing a photoelectric converter and a signal transmitter, and sends the optical signals of the reflected waves of the velocity measuring photon beams and the velocity measuring electric signals to the microprocessor unit;
s5, the microprocessor unit performs signal processing by using a preset algorithm to obtain the speed of the target and sends the speed to the result display unit;
and S6, the result display unit displays the calculated target speed.
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