CN110470607A - A kind of method of hydrophilic organic solvent content in detection mixed solution - Google Patents
A kind of method of hydrophilic organic solvent content in detection mixed solution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of hydrophilic organic solvent content in detection mixed solution, comprising the following steps: provides a light source；It will test unit to contact with mixed solution, and it is irradiated by light source, wherein detection unit includes transparent outer box, the porous polymer microsphere inside transparent outer box and the opening for allowing mixed solution to pass in and out, porous polymer microsphere has the internal structure of radial symmetric, and different swellbilitys is presented in different solution；Test the performance parameter of detection unit；And the regression curve according to prediction, performance parameter is converted into the content of hydrophilic organic solvent.Detection method disclosed by the invention can detect the content of hydrophilic organic solvent, method is simple and quick, at low cost, it can be achieved that detecting in real time and accurately using the porous polymer microsphere of the internal structure with radial symmetric.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic solvent detection field, in particular to hydrophily is organic molten in a kind of quickly detection mixed solution
The method of agent content.
Background technique
Organic solvent chemical industry, drug production and application during it is indispensable, and wherein hydrophilic organic solvent by
In water-soluble, application is more extensive.Hydrophilic organic solvent includes ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran etc., can be made
For the common solvent in chemical reaction.It is well known, however, that above-mentioned organic solvent is right in experiment production process and Long Term Contact
The irritating effect of eye, respiratory tract, alimentary canal.Such as 20% aqueous tetrahydrofuran solution, the moderate of skin can be caused to stimulate,
Cornea damage.50% aqueous tetrahydrofuran solution can then cause serious corrosivity damage, and Long Term Contact results even in mistake
Remove sexual function, fecundity and kidney diaseases.Simultaneously because hydrophilic organic solvent can dissolve each other with water section or completely, make it in water
Detection difficulty in solution increases, and how quickly, convenient, delicately the content of detection organic solvent in aqueous solution becomes research
The hot spot that persons pay close attention to.
Currently, the method for organic solvent content uses gas chromatography mostly based on gas chromatography in detection aqueous solution
It can accurately measure the content of each component in mixed solution, but the expensive equipment that this method uses, not convenient enough, cost
It is high.The requirement to test sample is high simultaneously, and pre-treatment is cumbersome, and is more suitable for trace detection.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of detection method of hydrophilic organic solvent, can it is inexpensive, simple and quick, real-time and
Accurately detect hydrophilic organic solvent concentration.
Summary of the invention
To meet the demand, the present invention provides a kind of sides of hydrophilic organic solvent content in detection mixed solution
Method a, which comprises light source is provided；It will test unit to contact with the mixed solution, and irradiated by light source, wherein examining
Survey unit include transparent outer box, the porous polymer microsphere inside transparent outer box and can allow mixed solution pass in and out open
Mouthful, porous polymer microsphere has the internal structure of radial symmetric, and difference is presented in porous polymer microsphere in different solution
Swellbility；Test the performance parameter of detection unit；According to the performance parameter and hydrophilic organic solvent of the detection unit of prediction
Content between regression curve, performance parameter is converted into the content of hydrophilic organic solvent.
In some embodiments, performance parameter is structural behaviour parameter or optical performance parameter.In preferred embodiment party
In case, performance parameter is the light intensity by the transmission-polarizing light of detection unit.In some embodiments, transmission-polarizing light is inclined
Vibration direction can be arbitrary.In preferred embodiments, structural behaviour parameter includes the average molten of porous polymer microsphere
Expansion rule cun.
In some embodiments, the material of transparent outer box includes glass or polymer material.
In some embodiments, mixed solution is the mixed liquor that dissolves each other of hydrophilic organic solvent and water.It is being preferably implemented
In scheme, hydrophilic organic solvent is acetone, ethyl alcohol or tetrahydrofuran.
In some embodiments, the preparation method of porous polymer microsphere includes: to form uniform liquid crystal compound,
Described in liquid crystal compound include reactive liquid crystalline compound, non-reactive liquid crystal compound and polymerization initiator；Liquid crystal is mixed
It closes object to be dispersed in the continuous phase containing liquid crystal conformational change agent by film emulsifier unit formation liquid crystal droplet, the liquid crystal conformation
Changing agent can be such that the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal droplet arranges along liquid crystal droplet radial direction；Reactive liquid in polymerisable liquid crystal droplet
Brilliant compound forms intermediate microballoon；Non-reactive liquid crystal compound is removed from intermediate microballoon, forms porous polymer microsphere.
In some embodiments, it is 5%- that reactive liquid crystalline compound, which accounts for the percentage of liquid crystal compound gross mass,
45%.In some embodiments, non-reactive liquid crystal compound includes at least one nematic liquid crystal.
In some embodiments, the agent of liquid crystal conformational change is ionic surfactant or salt.In preferred embodiment
In, liquid crystal conformational change agent is lauryl sodium sulfate.
The detection method of hydrophilic organic solvent disclosed by the invention utilizes the porous of the internal structure with radial symmetric
Polymer microballoon tests its optics and structural behaviour in the hydrophilic organic solvent of various concentration and the mixed solution of water,
To detect the content of hydrophilic organic solvent, method is simple and quick, at low cost, does not need cumbersome pre-treatment, it can be achieved that reality
When and accurately detect.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention may be better understood by referring to illustrating for embodiment of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of disclosed detection unit according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the orthogonal polarizing microscope figure of the porous polymer microsphere prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the porous polymer microsphere prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for preparing the film emulsifying technology of liquid crystal droplet；
Fig. 5 be the porous polymer microsphere for preparing according to embodiments of the present invention different content (percentage by volume (a) 0%,
(b) 25%, (c) 50%, (d) 75%, (e) 100%) tetrahydrofuran it is parallel in the mixed solution of water (on) and it is orthogonal
(under) petrographic microscope figure；
Fig. 6 is the opposite swelling size and tetrahydro furan of the porous polymer microsphere in the mixed solution of tetrahydrofuran and water
The relation curve for content of muttering；
Fig. 7 is that the transmission of the porous polymer microsphere in the mixed solution by different hydrophilic organic solvent and water is inclined
The relation curve of vibration light relative light intensity and hydrophilic organic solvent content；
Fig. 8 is the transmission-polarizing light relative light intensity by the porous polymer microsphere in the mixed solution of tetrahydrofuran and water
With the relation curve of hydrophilic organic solvent content, wherein porous polymer microsphere has the different degrees of cross linking；
Fig. 9 is the transmission-polarizing by the different polarization direction of the porous polymer microsphere in the mixed solution of acetone and water
The relation curve of light relative light intensity and content of acetone.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, it in order to reach purpose of explanation to have a comprehensive understanding to the present invention, illustrates
A large amount of detail, it will be evident, however, that those skilled in the art, it can also be real without these details
The existing present invention.In other example embodiments, well known construction and device is shown in box chart.In this respect, it is lifted
Illustrative example embodiment only for explanation, the present invention is not caused to limit.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited by above-mentioned specific embodiment, is only subject to the range of appended claims.
The present invention provides a kind of method of content of the detection hydrophilic organic solvent in mixed solution, and wherein hydrophily has
Solvent is can be with water miscible organic solvent, such as ethyl alcohol, methanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran completely or partially, and mixed solution
For the solution containing hydrophilic organic solvent to be measured.Preferably, mixed solution is the mixing of hydrophilic organic solvent to be measured and water
Solution.Specific detecting step is described as follows:
The first step provides a light source, this light source can be the unpolarized light source of transmitting natural light, is also possible to transmitting polarization
The polarized light source of light.Polarised light can be linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, elliptically polarized light or partial poolarized light.
Second step will test unit and contact with mixed solution, and irradiated by light source, wherein detection unit as shown in Figure 1,
Including transparent outer box 101, the porous polymer microsphere 102 inside transparent outer box 101, and mixed solution is allowed to pass in and out
Opening 103, wherein when detecting, porous polymer microsphere 102 is completely submerged in mixed solution.Detection unit can entirely soak
Not in mixed solution, mixed solution is made to enter the inside of transparent outer box 101 by opening 103；Liquid can also be used to transmit work
Mixed solution is passed through the inside of the 103 transparent outer box 101 of input of opening by tool, such as syringe.The material of transparent outer box 101 includes saturating
Bright glass, transparent polymer material or other satisfactory transparent materials.Opening 103 can with only one (as shown in Figure 1),
Also multiple openings be can have.Porous polymer microsphere 102 inside transparent outer box 101 can single layer as shown in fig. 1
Arrangement, can also multilayer arrangement.Porous polymer microsphere 102 has the internal structure of radial symmetric, thus the light with radial type
Anisotropy is learned, the typical black cross image of Malta is presented under orthogonal polarizing microscope, as shown in Figure 2.Simultaneously because its
Porous structure makes porous polymer microsphere 102 that different swelling sizes can be presented in different solution.
Third step tests the performance parameter of detection unit.Porous polymer microsphere 102 has special internal structure, In
The optical anisotropy of the characteristics of different swelling sizes are presented in different solution and resulting radial type, when porous poly-
It is porous poly- since hydrophilic organic solvent type is different in mixed solution or concentration is different when closing object micro-sphere contacts mixed solution
Different variations can all occur for the structural behaviour and optical property for closing object microballoon.As shown in figure 3, when porous polymer microsphere is swollen
When degree (being defined as the ratio between swelling post-consumer polymer microsphere volume and swelling prepolymer microsphere volume) is different, the diameter of internal structure
Variation can be generated to order, the influence to the light by detection unit is also just different；Swellbility is bigger, and order is got over
Good, the optical anisotropy of radial type just becomes apparent from.The performance parameter of testable detection unit may include structural behaviour parameter,
Optical performance parameter and other can produce the performance parameter of variation.Structural behaviour parameter includes, such as the polymer in detection unit
Size, aperture, porosity of microballoon etc.；Optical performance parameter includes the light intensity, transmitted light or reflected light of transmitted light or reflected light
Polarization angle, transmitted light or reflected light wavelength or other optical performance parameters.In some embodiments of the present invention,
Using the light intensity of test transmission-polarizing light as the performance parameter of detection unit.In some embodiments of the present invention, it surveys
The polarization direction of the polarised light of examination can be arbitrary.
4th step, performance parameter and detected hydrophilic organic solvent content according to prediction by detection unit it
Between regression curve, the performance parameter measured is converted into the content of detected hydrophilic organic solvent.Regression curve can be with
It is drawn after being measured using a series of standard mixed solution of the detected hydrophilic organic solvent and water of concentration.
In embodiments of the invention, the optically anisotropic porous polymer microsphere 102 with radial type can lead to
The method preparation for crossing a kind of matrix polymerization of liquid crystal auxiliary the steps include: to be mixed in a certain proportion reactive liquid crystalline, non-anti-first
Answering property liquid crystal and polymerization initiator form uniform liquid crystal compound.Wherein reactive liquid crystalline compound has polymerizable change
Group is learned, can be reacted in the presence of polymerization initiator and form polymer, such as esters of acrylic acid liquid crystal (RM257), metering system
Acids ester liquid crystals (HCM062), allylic liquid crystal (HCM126) etc..Non-reactive liquid crystal compound does not have polymerizable change
Group is learned, will not further be polymerize；Non-reactive liquid crystal can for nematic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal and other
Liquid crystal material without polymerizable chemical group.Preferably, non-reactive liquid crystal includes at least one nematic liquid crystal.Reaction
Property liquid-crystal compounds account for the percentage of liquid crystal compound gross mass can be for 5% to 45%.
Liquid crystal compound is then formed into monodispersed liquid crystal droplet into continuous phase by film emulsifier unit.Continuously
Xiang Kewei water.The principle of film emulsifier unit is as shown in figure 4, mainly realize monodisperse using based on the dispersion technology that film emulsifies
Liquid crystal compound as dispersed phase is passed through slowly a kind of inoranic membrane with micropore by the preparation of liquid crystal droplet, and liquid crystal is mixed
Conjunction object forms liquid crystal droplet after being extruded from inorganic membrane micropore and is dispersed in continuous phase, so that forming one kind with liquid crystal droplet is point
The dispersion of dephasing.The size of liquid crystal droplet can be controlled by inoranic membrane micropore size size, thus control be finally made it is more
The particle size of the polymer microballoon of pore structure.Contain the agent of liquid crystal conformational change in continuous phase, the liquid crystal in liquid crystal droplet can be made
Molecule (including reactive liquid crystalline and non-reactive liquid crystal) is arranged along the radial direction of liquid crystal droplet, forms the conformation of radial type.
The agent of liquid crystal conformational change can be ionic surfactant, such as SDS；It can also be salt, such as NaI and NaClO4。
Then, the reactive liquid crystalline in polymerisable liquid crystal droplet, formation include the centre of unpolymerized non-reactive liquid crystal
Microballoon.Before polymerization, due to the presence of liquid crystal conformational change agent, liquid crystal molecule is arranged along the radial direction of liquid crystal droplet, wherein
The liquid crystal unit part of reactive liquid crystalline is located at its pendant moiety, and after polymerization, the main polymer chain of formation is perpendicular to the poly- of formation
Close the radial direction of object microballoon.Polymerization methods can be photopolymerization, thermal polymerization or radiation polymerization.In embodiments of the present invention, it polymerize
The preferred photopolymerization of mode.
Finally, being further formed outwardly and inwardly has microcellular structure by removing unpolymerized non-reactive liquid crystal
Polymer particles.Since non-reactive liquid crystal has neither part nor lot in polymerization reaction, micropore can be formed in the inside of polymer microballoon after removal,
And the distribution of micropore is influenced by Liquid Crystal Molecules Alignment before, also tends to be distributed along polymer microballoon radial direction, thus shape
At porous and orderly internal structure.
Later according to specific needs, separation, washing and dispersion or dry porous polymer microsphere.Due to its internal holes knot
The polymer microballoon of the presence of structure, formation has different swellbilitys in different solvents.
In the following embodiments, the general step of uniform liquid crystal compound is formed are as follows: mix non-reacted liquid in proportion
It is straight to be heated to mixed liquid crystal clearing point or more by brilliant compound, reactive liquid crystalline compound and polymerization initiator for this mixture
To uniform solution is become, sufficiently vibration is uniformly mixed it, is then slowly cooled to room temperature this solution, forms isotropism
Liquid crystal compound.According to photopolymerization, since photoinitiator is light sensitive, when Slow cooling, solution, which must be placed at, to be protected from light
Place.
Form the general step of porous polymer microsphere are as follows: under certain speed, uniform liquid crystal compound is slow
And the SPG film emulsifier unit for being 10 microns smoothly through membrane micropore aperture, it is distributed to (water in the aqueous solution of 250 grams of 2mM SDS
For continuous phase, SDS is the agent of liquid crystal conformational change), the mixing speed of continuous phase is 300r/min, is ultimately formed containing size uniformity
Liquid crystal droplet lotion.Lotion containing liquid crystal droplet is placed under the UV light source that wavelength is 365nm and carries out solidification polymerization,
Radiation intensity is 2.5mW/cm2, polymerization time is 30 minutes, needs to be stirred continuously system in polymerization process.It is with volume after polymerization
The ethanol solution of 5-10 times of lotion volume washs, and is centrifuged (8000rpm, 10 minutes), removes supernatant liquor；It is again lotion with volume
5-10 times of volume of ethanol/acetone mixed solution washing, is centrifuged (8000rpm, 10 minutes), removes supernatant liquor；Finally use body
Product is that the ethanol solution of 5-10 times of lotion volume washs, and is centrifuged (8000rpm, 10 minutes), removes supernatant liquor, removed
The polymer microballoon of non-reactive liquid crystal.Later, polymer microballoon dispersion will be obtained in ethanol.The need applied according to the later period
It wants, it can also dry polymer microballoon.The partial size of obtained porous polymer microsphere in ethanol is about 25 microns.
In embodiments of the invention, unless otherwise specified, the content percentage of hydrophilic solvent is volume basis
Number.
Embodiment 1:
Prepare the liquid crystal containing 4g reactive liquid crystalline RM257,6g non-reactive liquid crystal 5CB and 100mg photoinitiator DMPAP
Mixture (it is 39.6% that reactive liquid crystalline RM257, which accounts for the mass percent of liquid crystal compound), by it according to above step system
At porous polymer microsphere.As shown in figure 5, in the tetrahydrofuran of various concentration and the mixed solution (tetrahydrofuran of deionized water
Percent by volume be a:0%, b:25%, c:50%, d:75%, e:100%) porous polymer microsphere has different sizes
Size, and size increases with the increase of content of tetrahydrofuran.Measurement porous polymer microsphere is in various concentration tetrahydro furan respectively
The average grain diameter muttered in mixed solution, with opposite swelling size (in mixed solution average grain diameter cube/in water be averaged grain
Cube of diameter) it maps to the content of tetrahydrofuran in mixed solution, relation curve is as shown in fig. 6, further demonstrate that porous poly-
Close the one-to-one correspondence of content of tetrahydrofuran in the average swelling size and mixed solution of object microballoon.It simultaneously can from Fig. 5
Out, porous polymer microsphere has the optical anisotropy (the black cross of Malta) of radial type, shows the porous polymer of preparation
Microballoon has the internal structure of radial symmetric.The polarization that measurement passes through the polymer microballoon in various concentration tetrahydrofuran solution
The relative light intensity (light intensity in mixed solution/light intensity) in pure water of light, and to the content of tetrahydrofuran in mixed solution
Mapping, relation curve is as shown in fig. 7, the polarization direction of the transmission-polarizing light measured by wherein and the polarization side of incident polarized light
To positioned at orthogonal position.It can be seen from the figure that opposite polarization light light intensity and the content of tetrahydrofuran have one-to-one correspondence property.
Further measurement passes through the opposite polarization light light intensity of polymer microballoon and the relationship of ethanol content and content of acetone, as shown in fig. 7,
All have one-to-one correspondence.Likewise, this correspondence is suitable between polarization by reflection light light intensity and hydrophilic organic solvent content
Relationship.
Embodiment 2:
The liquid crystal containing reactive liquid crystalline RM257, non-reactive liquid crystal 5CB and 100mg photoinitiator DMPAP is prepared respectively
The liquid crystal gross mass of mixture, RM257 and 5CB are 10g, and the percentage that RM257 accounts for liquid crystal gross mass is respectively 10%, 30% and
40% (it is respectively 9.9%, 29.7%, 39.6% that reactive liquid crystalline RM257, which accounts for the mass percent of liquid crystal compound).It is pressed
Porous polymer microsphere is made according to above step.Equally, (i.e. reactive liquid crystalline RM257 accounts for liquid crystal total amount to the different degrees of cross linking
Percentage) porous polymer microsphere various concentration tetrahydrofuran and deionized water mixed solution have different swellings
Degree, and the optical anisotropy (the black cross of Malta) with radial type, it is radial to show that the porous polymer microsphere of preparation has
Symmetrical internal structure.Measurement is opposite by the polarised light of the porous polymer microsphere in various concentration tetrahydrofuran solution
Light intensity, and map to the content of tetrahydrofuran in mixed solution, relation curve is as shown in figure 8, the transmission measured by wherein is inclined
The polarization direction of vibration light is located at orthogonal position with the polarization direction of incident polarized light.It can be seen from the figure that being directed to different friendships
The porous polymer microsphere of connection degree all has one-to-one correspondence by its opposite polarization light light intensity and the content of tetrahydrofuran.
Embodiment 3:
Prepare the liquid crystal containing 3g reactive liquid crystalline RM257,7g non-reactive liquid crystal 5CB and 100mg photoinitiator DMPAP
Mixture (it is 29.7% that reactive liquid crystalline RM257, which accounts for the mass percent of liquid crystal compound), by it according to above step system
At porous polymer microsphere.The relative light intensity that measurement passes through the polarised light of the polymer microballoon in various concentration acetone soln
(light intensity in mixed solution/light intensity) in pure water, and map to the content of acetone in mixed solution, relation curve is such as
Shown in Fig. 9, wherein the angle that the measured polarization direction of transmission-polarizing light intersect with the polarization direction of incident polarized light be 0,
30,60,90 degree.It can be seen from the figure that no matter the polarization direction of transmission-polarizing light and the polarization direction of incident polarized light are located at
The content of which kind of angle of intersection, relative light intensity and acetone all has one-to-one correspondence.Same measurement passes through polymer microballoon
The relationship of opposite polarization light light intensity and ethanol content and content of tetrahydrofuran, all has similar one-to-one correspondence.
Although having been described above with the several exemplary implementation schemes of datail description, disclosed embodiment is only
Exemplary and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that and not restrictive, a lot of other in an exemplary embodiment
It is possible for modifying, changing and/or replacing, and the novel teachings and advantage of the disclosure are deviateed without essence.Therefore, all these
Modification, change and/or replacement are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of method of hydrophilic organic solvent content in detection mixed solution, which comprises
(I) light source is provided；
(II) it will test unit to contact with the mixed solution, and irradiated by the light source, wherein the detection unit includes
Transparent outer box, the porous polymer microsphere inside the transparent outer box and the opening for allowing the mixed solution to pass in and out,
The porous polymer microsphere has the internal structure of radial symmetric, and the porous polymer microsphere is presented in different solution
Different swellbilitys；
(III) performance parameter of the detection unit is tested；And
(IV) according to the recurrence between the performance parameter of the detection unit of prediction and the content of the hydrophilic organic solvent
The performance parameter of the detection unit is converted into the content of the hydrophilic organic solvent by curve.
2. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the material of the transparent outer box includes glass or polymer material.
3. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the mixed solution is the mutual miscible of the hydrophilic organic solvent and water
Close liquid.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hydrophilic organic solvent is acetone, ethyl alcohol or tetrahydrofuran.
5. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the performance parameter of the detection unit is the structural of the detection unit
It can parameter or optical performance parameter.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the optical performance parameter of the detection unit is saturating from the detection unit
The light intensity for the polarised light penetrated.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the polarization direction of the polarised light can be arbitrary.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the structural behaviour parameter of the detection unit includes the porous polymer
The average swelling size of microballoon.
9. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the porous polymer microsphere includes:
1) uniform liquid crystal compound is formed, wherein the liquid crystal compound includes reactive liquid crystalline compound, non-reacted liquid
Brilliant compound and polymerization initiator；
2) liquid crystal compound is formed into liquid crystal droplet by film emulsifier unit and is dispersed in the company containing liquid crystal conformational change agent
In continuous phase, the liquid crystal conformational change agent can be such that the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal droplet arranges along the liquid crystal droplet radial direction
Column；
3) the reactive liquid crystalline compound polymerizeing in the liquid crystal droplet forms intermediate microballoon；
4) the non-reactive liquid crystal compound is removed from the intermediate microballoon, forms the porous polymer microsphere.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the reactive liquid crystalline compound accounts for the liquid crystal compound gross mass
Percentage is 5%-45%.
11. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the non-reactive liquid crystal compound includes at least one nematic phase liquid
It is brilliant.
12. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the liquid crystal conformational change agent is ionic surfactant or salt.
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