CN110465534B - 一种用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,属于分布式能源应用技术领域。系统包括进料器、粪草分离器、酸化池、发酵罐、沼液储存池、固液分离器、脱硫脱水系统、储气罐、发电机组、余热锅炉、溴化锂机组、太阳能集热器、储热罐、太阳能光伏组件、水泵、蓄水池和火炬;将畜禽粪便集中处理,沼气、太阳能有机结合,既产生冷、热、电满足养殖场用电、生产用热、生活用水、生活供暖、空调制冷等需求,又可以产生沼液与固体有机肥料代替农药、化肥的使用,使畜禽粪便变废为宝。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及分布式能源应用技术领域,具体是涉及一种用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,为养殖场提供综合能源供给。
背景技术
随着人们对生活水平要求的日益提高,对高品质奶源和肉源的需求也在不断加大,我国养殖业呈现了迅猛增长的趋势。但同时,畜禽养殖业的规模化也带来了不可忽略的环境问题。畜禽粪便堆放及清粪冲洗等过程极易污染水体,而据调查我国大部分养殖场粪污一般未经任何处理即就地排放。畜禽粪便长期堆置或排放到附近水沟,污染了水体和空气,造成蚊蝇滋生;而富含大量有机物和N、P营养元素的污水,进入河流和湖泊,造成水体富营养化;渗入地下,使地下水硝态氮、硬度和细菌总数超标。长期下去,不仅污染周围环境而且影响畜禽质量,并将制约整个农村经济的健康发展。与此同时,养殖业又是能源需求大户,对冷、热、电都有长期需求,依赖化石燃料也造成了环境污染与资源的浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的上述不足,而提供一种用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,将沼气、太阳能有机结合,满足养殖场厂区用电、生产用热、生活用水、生活供暖、空调制冷等需求,可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是:一种用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,包括进料器、粪草分离器、酸化池、发酵罐、沼液储存池、固液分离器、脱硫脱水系统、储气罐、发电机组、余热锅炉、溴化锂机组、太阳能集热器、储热罐、太阳能光伏组件、水泵、蓄水池和火炬;将畜禽粪便集中处理,沼气、太阳能有机结合,既产生冷、热、电满足养殖场用电、生产用热、生活用水、生活供暖、空调制冷等需求,又可以产生沼液与固体有机肥料代替农药、化肥的使用,使畜禽粪便变废为宝;运行过程如下:首先把养殖场内每天产生的新鲜畜禽粪便统一收集,通过进料器运送至粪草分离器,处理完毕后进入酸化池,酸化一段时间后将料液送入发酵罐,发酵产生的沼气经过脱硫脱水系统净化后送至储气罐,沼气在发电机组中通过燃烧做功将化学能转化为电能供场内使用,多余电量则用于上网售电;发电机组的废气、废热进入余热锅炉进行利用,产生的蒸汽和烟气进入溴化锂机组,为厂区提供空调制冷及生活用热、用水,同时,余热锅炉的热量送入发酵罐为其加热,保障其工艺需求;与此同时,发酵罐产生的沼渣经过沼液储存池与固液分离器以后,产生沼液肥料与固体肥料,沼液和固体有机肥还田利用,替代农药和化肥的使用,既经济又环保;另外,太阳能集热器在阳光充足时将热量存于储热罐,可作为溴化锂机组的辅助热源,在溴化锂机组停运时,亦可为养殖场直接供热,保障用热安全;同时,储热罐也作为发酵罐的辅助热源,在余热锅炉停运时保障发酵罐的稳定用热与生产安全;同时,储热罐也为进入发电机组的沼气进行预热,提高发电机组的运行效率;同时,储热罐也为蓄水池提供给余热锅炉的给水加热,提高锅炉效率;太阳能光伏组件为养殖场提供自用电能,实现自发自用、余电上网,提高经济性,同时与发电机组互为补充,保障用电安全稳定;水泵利用发电机组与太阳能光伏组件提供的电力,将地下水抽至蓄水池,为余热锅炉及储热罐提供水源,亦可为养殖场提供生活用水;火炬在发电机组停运、储气罐气体过剩等情况下,对多余的气体进行安全焚烧,提高整个系统的安全性及减少恶臭污染。
进一步的,所述进料器、粪草分离器、酸化池、发酵罐依次连接,所述发酵罐、脱硫脱水系统、储气罐、发电机组、余热锅炉依次连接,所述余热锅炉与溴化锂机组连接;所述发酵罐还与沼液储存池连接,所述沼液储存池与固液分离器连接;所述太阳能集热器与储热罐连接,所述储热罐用于厂区供热、预热沼气、加热给水、加热发酵罐等;所述太阳能光伏组件与水泵连接,所述水泵与蓄水池连接,所述蓄水池分别与余热锅炉、储热罐连接;所述火炬与储气罐连接。
进一步的,所述余热锅炉还与发酵罐连接。
进一步的,所述储热罐还分别与发酵罐、余热锅炉、溴化锂机组连接。
进一步的,配置的发电机组主要作为养殖场的电源,用于提供养殖场日常用电及水泵的运转电力;配置的余热锅炉主要用于为养殖场提供采暖、热水及空调制冷,并为发酵罐加热。
进一步的,配置的太阳能光伏组件及太阳能集热器主要用于保障养殖场日常用热及用电,可预热进入发电机组的沼气及进入余热锅炉的给水,提高系统综合能源效率,亦可在发电机组停运情况下维持基本厂用电;储热罐的热量直接进入溴化锂机组,维持养殖场正常用能,并可为发酵罐加热,保障发酵罐的工艺要求;当溴化锂机组停运时,储热罐仍然可以直接为厂区供热。
进一步的,配置的火炬,在发电机组停运、储气罐气体过剩等情况下,对多余的气体进行安全焚烧,提高整个系统安全性及减少恶臭污染。
进一步的,配置的水泵将地下水抽至蓄水池中,作为储备水源,可提供余热锅炉补给水、储热罐用水及生活用水。
进一步的,配置的沼液储存池及固液分离器将产生沼气后剩余的废渣废液储存,实现沼液还田及生成固体有机肥。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点和效果:本发明将畜禽粪便废物利用,产生电能不仅可以满足养殖场自身用电,还可以余电上网拓展养殖场经济收入;利用余热加热发酵罐同时,还可以用溴化锂机组产生生活用冷、用热,使养殖场实现自给自足,能量高效梯级利用;应用太阳能光伏组件及太阳能集热器,不仅利用了可再生能源,提高系统环保性能,且为系统供能实现电力与热源的多重保障,提高系统安全性;配置沼气火炬,在发电机组停运、储气罐气体过剩等情况下,对多余的气体进行安全焚烧,提高整个系统安全性及减少恶臭污染;配置水泵解决锅炉、储热罐及生活用水;将发酵后废弃物固液分离,产生有机肥,替代化肥的使用,实现废物再利用,经济又环保。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图。
图中:进料器1、粪草分离器2、酸化池3、发酵罐4、沼液储存池5、固液分离器6、脱硫脱水系统7、储气罐8、发电机组9、余热锅炉10、溴化锂机组11、太阳能集热器12、储热罐13、太阳能光伏组件14、水泵15、蓄水池16、火炬17。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明,以下实施例是对本发明的解释而本发明并不局限于以下实施例。
参见图1,本实施例中的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,包括进料器1、粪草分离器2、酸化池3、发酵罐4、沼液储存池5、固液分离器6、脱硫脱水系统7、储气罐8、发电机组9、余热锅炉10、溴化锂机组11、太阳能集热器12、储热罐13、太阳能光伏组件14、水泵15、蓄水池16和火炬17。
进料器1、粪草分离器2、酸化池3、发酵罐4依次连接,发酵罐4、脱硫脱水系统7、储气罐8、发电机组9、余热锅炉10依次连接,余热锅炉10与溴化锂机组11连接;发酵罐4还与沼液储存池5连接,沼液储存池5与固液分离器6连接;太阳能集热器12与储热罐13连接,储热罐13用于厂区供热、预热沼气、加热给水、加热发酵罐等;太阳能光伏组件14与水泵15连接,水泵15与蓄水池16连接,蓄水池16分别与余热锅炉10、储热罐13连接;火炬17与储气罐8连接。余热锅炉10还与发酵罐4连接。储热罐13还分别与发酵罐4、余热锅炉10、溴化锂机组11连接。
本实施例中,用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统将畜禽粪便集中处理,沼气、太阳能有机结合,既产生冷、热、电满足养殖场用电、生产用热、生活用水、生活供暖、空调制冷等需求,又可以产生沼液与固体有机肥料代替农药、化肥的使用,使畜禽粪便变废为宝。
运行过程如下:首先把养殖场内每天产生的新鲜畜禽粪便统一收集,通过进料器1运送至粪草分离器2,处理完毕后进入酸化池3,酸化一段时间后将料液送入发酵罐4,发酵产生的沼气经过脱硫脱水系统7净化后送至储气罐8,沼气在发电机组9中通过燃烧做功将化学能转化为电能供场内使用,多余电量则用于上网售电;发电机组9的废气、废热进入余热锅炉10进行利用,产生的蒸汽和烟气进入溴化锂机组11,为厂区提供空调制冷及生活用热、用水,同时,余热锅炉10的热量送入发酵罐4为其加热,保障其工艺需求;与此同时,发酵罐4产生的沼渣经过沼液储存池5与固液分离器6以后,产生沼液肥料与固体肥料,沼液和固体有机肥还田利用,替代农药和化肥的使用,既经济又环保;另外,太阳能集热器12在阳光充足时将热量存于储热罐13,可作为溴化锂机组11的辅助热源,在溴化锂机组11停运时,亦可为养殖场直接供热,保障用热安全;同时,储热罐13也作为发酵罐4的辅助热源,在余热锅炉10停运时保障发酵罐4的稳定用热与生产安全;同时,储热罐13也为进入发电机组9的沼气进行预热,提高发电机组9的运行效率;同时,储热罐13也为蓄水池16提供给余热锅炉10的给水加热,提高锅炉效率;太阳能光伏组件14为养殖场提供自用电能,实现自发自用、余电上网,提高经济性,同时与发电机组9互为补充,保障用电安全稳定;水泵15利用发电机组9与太阳能光伏组件14提供的电力,将地下水抽至蓄水池16,为余热锅炉10及储热罐13提供水源,亦可为养殖场提供生活用水;火炬17在发电机组9停运、储气罐8气体过剩等情况下,对多余的气体进行安全焚烧,提高整个系统的安全性及减少恶臭污染。
虽然本发明以实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明的保护范围,任何熟悉该项技术的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的构思和范围内所作的更改,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,包括进料器(1)、粪草分离器(2)、酸化池(3)、发酵罐(4)、沼液储存池(5)、固液分离器(6)、脱硫脱水系统(7)、储气罐(8)、发电机组(9)、余热锅炉(10)、溴化锂机组(11)、太阳能集热器(12)、储热罐(13)、太阳能光伏组件(14)、水泵(15)、蓄水池(16)和火炬(17);将畜禽粪便集中处理,沼气、太阳能有机结合,既产生冷、热、电满足养殖场用电、生产用热、生活用水、生活供暖、空调制冷需求,又产生沼液与固体有机肥料代替农药、化肥的使用,使畜禽粪便变废为宝;运行过程如下:首先把养殖场内每天产生的新鲜畜禽粪便统一收集,通过进料器(1)运送至粪草分离器(2),处理完毕后进入酸化池(3),酸化一段时间后将料液送入发酵罐(4),发酵产生的沼气经过脱硫脱水系统(7)净化后送至储气罐(8),沼气在发电机组(9)中通过燃烧做功将化学能转化为电能供场内使用,多余电量则用于上网售电;发电机组(9)的废气、废热进入余热锅炉(10)进行利用,产生的蒸汽和烟气进入溴化锂机组(11),为厂区提供空调制冷及生活用热、用水,同时,余热锅炉(10)的热量送入发酵罐(4)为其加热,保障其工艺需求;与此同时,发酵罐(4)产生的沼渣经过沼液储存池(5)与固液分离器(6)以后,产生沼液肥料与固体肥料,沼液和固体有机肥还田利用,替代农药和化肥的使用,既经济又环保;另外,太阳能集热器(12)在阳光充足时将热量存于储热罐(13),可作为溴化锂机组(11)的辅助热源,在溴化锂机组(11)停运时,亦可为养殖场直接供热,保障用热安全;同时,储热罐(13)也作为发酵罐(4)的辅助热源,在余热锅炉(10)停运时保障发酵罐(4)的稳定用热与生产安全;同时,储热罐(13)也为进入发电机组(9)的沼气进行预热,提高发电机组(9)的运行效率;同时,储热罐(13)也为蓄水池(16)提供给余热锅炉(10)的给水加热,提高锅炉效率;太阳能光伏组件(14)为养殖场提供自用电能,实现自发自用、余电上网,提高经济性,同时与发电机组(9)互为补充,保障用电安全稳定;水泵(15)利用发电机组(9)与太阳能光伏组件(14)提供的电力,将地下水抽至蓄水池(16),为余热锅炉(10)及储热罐(13)提供水源,亦可为养殖场提供生活用水;火炬(17)对多余的气体进行安全焚烧,提高整个系统的安全性及减少恶臭污染。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,所述进料器(1)、粪草分离器(2)、酸化池(3)、发酵罐(4)依次连接,所述发酵罐(4)、脱硫脱水系统(7)、储气罐(8)、发电机组(9)、余热锅炉(10)依次连接,所述余热锅炉(10)与溴化锂机组(11)连接;所述发酵罐(4)还与沼液储存池(5)连接,所述沼液储存池(5)与固液分离器(6)连接;所述太阳能集热器(12)与储热罐(13)连接;所述太阳能光伏组件(14)与水泵(15)连接,所述水泵(15)与蓄水池(16)连接,所述蓄水池(16)分别与余热锅炉(10)、储热罐(13)连接;所述火炬(17)与储气罐(8)连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,所述余热锅炉(10)还与发酵罐(4)连接。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,所述储热罐(13)还分别与发酵罐(4)、余热锅炉(10)、溴化锂机组(11)连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,配置的发电机组(9)作为养殖场的电源,提供养殖场日常用电及水泵(15)的运转电力;配置的余热锅炉(10)用于为养殖场提供采暖、热水及空调制冷,并为发酵罐(4)加热。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,配置的太阳能光伏组件(14)及太阳能集热器(12)用于保障养殖场日常用热及用电,可预热进入发电机组(9)的沼气及进入余热锅炉(10)的给水,提高系统综合能源效率,亦可在发电机组停运情况下维持基本厂用电;储热罐(13)的热量直接进入溴化锂机组(11),维持养殖场正常用能,并可为发酵罐(4)加热,保障发酵罐(4)的工艺要求;当溴化锂机组(11)停运时,储热罐(13)仍然可以直接为厂区供热。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,配置的火炬(17),在发电机组停运、储气罐(8)气体过剩情况下,对多余的气体进行安全焚烧,提高整个系统安全性及减少恶臭污染。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,配置的水泵(15)将地下水抽至蓄水池(16)中,作为储备水源,可提供余热锅炉(10)补给水、储热罐(13)用水及生活用水。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用于养殖场的综合能源利用系统,其特征是,配置的沼液储存池(5)及固液分离器(6)将产生沼气后剩余的废渣废液储存,实现沼液还田及生成固体有机肥。
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